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The investigation involved examining the binding of two lanthanide complexes, specifically those containing Holmium (Ho) and Dysprosium (Dy), with a ligand called 1, 10-phenanthroline (phen), and bovine serum albumin (BSA). The evaluation was carried out utilizing fluorescence measurements, Förster theory, and docking studies. The findings indicated that both the Ho-complex and Dycomplex possessed a significant ability to quench the emission of the protein. Furthermore, the primary mechanism of interaction was identified as a static process. The Kb values indicate a strong tendency of these complexes for binding with BSA. The Kb values show the strangely high affinity of BSA to complexes and the following order for binding affinity: Ho-complex > Dy-complex. The thermodynamic parameters were found to be negative, affirming that the main forces driving the interaction between BSA and the lanthanide complexes are van der Waals engagement and hydrogen bonds. Additionally, the investigation included the examination of competition site markers, and molecular docking proposed that the engagement sites of the Ho-complex and Dy-complex with BSA were predominantly located in site 3 (specifically, subdomain IB). Moreover, the Ho-complex and Dy-complex were specifically chosen for their potential anticancer and antimicrobial properties. Consequently, these complexes could present promising prospects as novel candidates for anti-tumor and antibacterial applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background Restrictive bariatric procedures, like laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding (LAGB) and laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG), are associated with an increased risk of long-term failure. The efficacy of One-anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) has been described in primary and revisional settings, with a lack of Egyptian studies regarding OAGB as a revisional surgery. Herein, we describe our experience regarding 1-year outcomes of OAGB as a revisional surgery after failed LSG or LAGB. Patients and methods Fifty patients with failed LSG or LAGB were enrolled in this prospective study. All cases underwent laparoscopic OAGB, and its effects on weight loss and obesityrelated comorbidities were noticed after 3, 6, and 12 months. Results The duration of the operation ranged between 45 and 120 min Postoperative complications included leakage (2%), hemorrhage (2%), and port site infection (2%). OAGB as a revisional surgery led to a significant and effective weight loss, as the percent of excess weight loss (%EWL) had mean values of 23.72%, 51.54%, and 80.25% at the scheduled visits, respectively. The procedure was associated with a significant rise in hemoglobin and albumin, significant decline in blood sugar, glycosylated hemoglobin, vitamin B12, and most lipid profile parameters, with no significant changes in serum calcium and high-density lipoproteins. Beneficial effects (remission or improvement) were noticed in 88.9% of diabetic cases, 80% of hypertensive cases, and 100% of reflux cases at one-year follow-up visit. Conclusion Laparoscopic OAGB as a revisional surgery is a safe and efficacious procedure in the management of patients with failed previous restrictive procedures like LSG and LAGB. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this research, thin-walled steel energy absorbers were investigated. The introduced structures absorb energy through the processes of inversion, folding and expansion. Each absorber consists of two end-capped frusta and a cylindrical shell. The intended absorbers were experimentally made and then tested. The mechanical properties of the used materials were extracted by performing tensile tests and then used for simulation. The simulations of this research were carried out using LS-DYNA software. After comparing the experimental and numerical results, a good agreement between the results was observed and then the obtained results were discussed. The intended absorbers were examined in terms of the thickness of the lower frustum, the height of the middle shell and the angle of the upper frustum. The obtained results showed that by increasing the thickness of the lower frustum, energy absorption in the inversion process increased. In addition, the investigations related to the effect of height on the collapse properties showed that increasing the height of the middle shell with a thickness of 2 mm for the lower frustum led to a decrease in energy absorption. Also, in the investigations carried out on the half angle of the frustum, it was found that the contribution of energy absorption in the expansion process was low. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To highlight the presence of aerobic bacteria in live ticks infested sheep, in Diyala Governorate, Iraq. Methods: One hundred and thirty adult alive ticks were picked up from sheep which were reared in different farms in Diyala Governorate, Iraq, during the period from November 2012 to May 2013. Ticks were classified in the Natural History Museum in Baghdad. They were dissected aseptically for extraction of the salivary gland and mid-gut. The removed tissue from each organ was inoculated in buffer peptone water (1%) and incubated for 2 h at 37 °C, to maintain weak and/or injured bacterial cells, then transmitted to nutrient broth incubated at 37 °C for 18 h. Culturing was done on three solid bacteriological media (nutrient, blood and McConkey agars), and then incubated at 37 °C for 24 h. Bacterial identification was performed by using multiple biochemical tests and API-20 strips. Data were analyzed by using Statistical Analysis System version 9.1, 2010. Chi-square test was used for comparison at significant level of P ≤ 0.05. Results: Two species of ticks were identified [Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) annulatus and Hyalomma turanicum]. High bacterial isolation rate was observed (483 isolates). A significant high isolation rate was recorded from Rhipicephalus annulatus (63.14%). Six bacterial species were identified [Escherichia coli (28.36%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (18.01%), Bacillus cereus (14.69%), Staphylococcus aureus (13.66%), Citrobacter freundii (13.04%), and Enterobacter species (12.21%)]. Also the high bacterial isolation rates were recorded in the temperate months (November, March and April); these coincided with high reproductive performance of ticks. Conclusions: The high isolation rate of aerobic pathogens from ticks might reflect the active contribution of this arthropod in environmental contamination and increase the probability of transmitting bacterial pathogens to their hosts.

Metal nanoparticles (NPs), such as TiO2 NPs, have been extensively researched for their potential use in aquaculture. One of the main uses of TiO2 NPs in aquaculture is as a natural water purifier. TiO2 has photocatalytic properties that make it highly effective in breaking down organic pollutants and toxic substances in water. Additionally, TiO2 NPs have been used to improve the efficiency of aquaculture feed. However, it is important to note that while the use of TiO2 NPs in aquaculture holds promise, there are also some concerns about their safety and environmental impact. Therefore, in this study, we sought to ascertain whether penicillamine and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), two compounds used in the treatment of heavy metal poisoning and whose efficacy has been demonstrated in both warm-blooded animals and humans, may lessen the toxicity of TiO2 NPs in Nile tilapia. In this study, 280 Nile tilapia fries (3.20±0.12 g) were split into four treatments over the course of three replications. Following that, the OECD Guidelines for the Testing of Chemicals was used to evaluate and compare the acute toxicity of TiO2 NPs. In all stages of toxicity determination, the data demonstrated that the toxicity of TiO2 NPs in the control treatment was significantly higher than that of the treatments given penicillamine and EDTA. Finally, the efficiency of penicillamine is more than that of EDTA, and both of these drugs can be used orally to prevent and treat seafood poisoning caused by TiO2 NPs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To highlight the presence of aerobic bacteria in live ticks infested sheep, in Diyala Governorate, Iraq. Methods One hundred and thirty adult alive ticks were picked up from sheep which were reared in different farms in Diyala Governorate, Iraq, during the period from November 2012 to May 2013. Ticks were classified in the Natural History Museum in Baghdad. They were dissected aseptically for extraction of the salivary gland and mid-gut. The removed tissue from each organ was inoculated in buffer peptone water (1%) and incubated for 2 h at 37 °C, to maintain weak and/or injured bacterial cells, then transmitted to nutrient broth incubated at 37 °C for 18 h. Culturing was done on three solid bacteriological media (nutrient, blood and McConkey agars), and then incubated at 37 °C for 24 h. Bacterial identification was performed by using multiple biochemical tests and API-20 strips. Data were analyzed by using Statistical Analysis System version 9.1, 2010. Chi -square test was used for comparison at significant level of P ≤ 0.05. Results Two species of ticks were identified [ Rhipicephalus ( Boophilus ) annulatus and Hyalomma turanicum ]. High bacterial isolation rate was observed (483 isolates). A significant high isolation rate was recorded from Rhipicephalus annulatus (63.14%). Six bacterial species were identified [ Escherichia coli (28.36%), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (18.01%), Bacillus cereus (14.69%), Staphylococcus aureus (13.66%), Citrobacter freundii (13.04%), and Enterobacter species (12.21%)]. Also the high bacterial isolation rates were recorded in the temperate months (November, March and April); these coincided with high reproductive performance of ticks. Conclusions The high isolation rate of aerobic pathogens from ticks might reflect the active contribution of this arthropod in environmental contamination and increase the probability of transmitting bacterial pathogens to their hosts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Air pollution is known as one of the most important causes of death in the whole world. Therefore, pollution reduction to achieve clean air was noticed by everyone. This way, using nanotechnology to control air and monitor is a novel approach. This paper investigates the effect of the number of graphene nano-pores on the SiO 2 separation from the H 2 O vapour in the presence of an external electric field with the magnitude of 0.01 V/Å using the molecular dynamics (MD) method. The electric field affects the charged particles and causes disturbance in the structure. It also prevents SiO 2 nanoparticles from passing through the graphene nanosheet. Also, the presence of carbon nanosheets acts as a membrane and affects the diffusion of water in the nanostructure. So, the results show that in the presence of a nano-pore, the number of H 2 O molecules reaches to 496 and 568 in reservoirs 2 and 3. Also, the number of SiO 2 nanoparticles reaches 10 and 4 in reservoirs 2 and 3. This shows that in reservoirs 2 and 3, about 80% and 60% of the SiO 2 nanoparticles are separated. As mentioned before, the electric field prevents the passage of SiO 2 nanoparticles through the graphene nanosheet. As the number of graphene nano-pores increases by 2, 3, 4, and 5, the number of passing water molecules increases. Considering that the number of graphene nano-pores has increased and the movement path of particles has increased, the number of passing particles almost increases. However, the electric field prevents the passage of SiO 2 nanoparticles. According to the results, the suggested setup can be employed for designing highly efficient nanostructured membranes for air purification and monitoring. [Display omitted] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The investigation involved examining the binding of two lanthanide complexes, specifically those containing Holmium (Ho) and Dysprosium (Dy), with a ligand called 1, 10-phenanthroline (phen), and bovine serum albumin (BSA). The evaluation was carried out utilizing fluorescence measurements, Förster theory, and docking studies. The findings indicated that both the Ho-complex and Dy-complex possessed a significant ability to quench the emission of the protein. Furthermore, the primary mechanism of interaction was identified as a static process. The K b values indicate a strong tendency of these complexes for binding with BSA. The K b values show the strangely high affinity of BSA to complexes and the following order for binding affinity: Ho-complex > Dy-complex. The thermodynamic parameters were found to be negative, affirming that the main forces driving the interaction between BSA and the lanthanide complexes are van der Waals engagement and hydrogen bonds. Additionally, the investigation included the examination of competition site markers, and molecular docking proposed that the engagement sites of the Ho-complex and Dy-complex with BSA were predominantly located in site 3 (specifically, subdomain IB). Moreover, the Ho-complex and Dy-complex were specifically chosen for their potential anticancer and antimicrobial properties. Consequently, these complexes could present promising prospects as novel candidates for anti-tumor and antibacterial applications., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2023 Obaid, Alsaikhan, Tizkam, Alamir, Jandari Jumaa, Waleed, Ahmad, Shnain Ali and Asiri.)