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The aim of this study was to estimate the possible synergetic effects of the two levels of dietary dried distillers grains with solubles (DDGS) from different sources (US-imported and native) on the growth, health status, muscle texture, and muscle growth-related gene expression of juvenile grass carp. Four treatments of fish were fed with 4 isonitrogenous diets, namely, native DDGS20, native DDGS30, US-imported DDGS20, and US-imported DDGS30 for 60 days. The US-imported DDGS30 group showed the better growth and feed efficiency. Additionally, we observed a significant increase in hepatopancreatic total antioxidant capacity (T-AOC) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in native DDGS groups. Moreover, raw muscle collagen increases considerably in the US-imported DDGS30 compared with the native DDGS30 group. In comparison with the native DDGS groups, the US-imported DDGS groups showed significantly decrease in all textural properties and fiber density, while increased fiber diameter. Dietary native DDGS inclusion significantly showed the upregulation of myog, myhc, and fgf6a expression in muscle, while the downregulation of the expression of myod and myf5. Overall, US-imported DDGS30 had a beneficial influence on growth via regulating genes involved in myogenesis and hypertrophy, the formation of collagen, but had negative impacts on antioxidant capacity and cooked muscle texture.

Local electric field enhancement is crucial to detect gases for an ionization gas sensor. Nanowires grown collectively along the identical lattice orientation have been claimed to show a strong tip effect in many previous studies. Herein, we propose a novel ionization gas detector structure by using a single crystalline silicon nanowire as one electrode that is placed above the prepatterned nanotips. A significant improvement of the local electric field in its radical direction was obtained leading to an ultralow operation voltage for gas breakdown. Different from the tip of the nanowire in the reported ionization gas sensors, the gaseous discharge current in this device flows towards the sidewall in the case of a trace amount of gas environment change. Technically, this discharge current brings about a sudden temperature rise followed by a fusion of the silicon nanowire. Such unique fusibility of a single nanowire in this gas detection device suggests a novel architecture that is portable and in-site executable and can be used as an integrated gas environmental monitor.

Aiming at the problems that existing methods lose a lot of spatial information and are easily interfered by image content, this paper proposes an end-to-end trainable high-resolution noise artifact tracking network (HRNAT-Net) for image splicing forgery detection. The network adopts HRNet as the network backbone, which can always retain high-resolution features, thereby effectively reducing the loss of important spatial information such as edge features. Besides, the network utilizes dilated convolution, which further preserves rich tampering information. Noise information are used as auxiliary information to build a dual-stream network to exploit visual and noise features simultaneously. Through multiple multi-scale feature fusion, the expressive ability of features is further enhanced. Finally, the visual features and noise features of corresponding resolutions are concatenated, and through multi-scale feature fusion, visual features and noise features are combined to locate the tampered area. The proposed network effectively solves the loss of spatial information, and simultaneously seeks forensic clues from the visual and noise levels. We evaluate the network performance on the CASIA v2.0 dataset and the Columbia dataset using metrics such as pixel-level Precision, Recall, and F1, and the detection accuracy (F1) reaches 0.845 and 0.950, respectively. Experimental results show that the proposed network outperforms state-of-the-art methods and has good robustness to JPEG compression, Gaussian noise, and resizing attacks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Delafossite type oxide CuAlO2 as a highly efficient methanol oxidation reaction catalyst support has been investigated in this work. Utilizing the sustained release of copper from CuAlO2 layered structure, we developed a composite catalyst that was in situ formed PtCu alloy upon oxide via solvothermal method. Owing to the metal-support interaction between PtCu alloy and CuAlO2, abundant oxygen defects and adsorbed hydroxyl groups were generated on the surface of composite catalyst, which were verified by structural characterizations and surface analysis. Density functional theory simulation further revealed that the in situ formation of PtCu alloy accompanied with superficial defects dramatically changed the geometry and electronic structures of the composite catalyst, resulting in a higher mass activity (990 mA/mgPt), specific activity (3.30 mA cm−2 ECSA), and a superior reaction kinetics of MOR performance. This work proves delafossite type oxide CuAlO2 as a potential support to facilitate the anti-CO poisoning ability of Pt-based catalysts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Objectives] This study was conducted to investigate the possibility of adding grape seeds and tea polyphenols to improve the health of finless eels (Monopterus albus) . [Methods] Twelve cages were selected in the same water body and divided into 4 groups, each with 3 parallel groups. The control group was fed with common finless eel feed, and the experimental groups were fed with feed supplemented with grape seeds, tea polyphenols, and grape seed-tea polyphenol compound (with a ratio of grape seeds to tea polyphenols at 1: 1), respectively. The feeding amount of each additive was 1 %. The experiment was carried out by feeding medicated feed for 3 d and ordinary feed for 3d, that is, alternately feeding medicated feed and ordinary feed. The experiment lasted for 18 d. [Results] Six serum enzymatic indices were detected after the breeding. The results showed that compared with the control group, the three groups of samples had a certain protective effect on the liver in terms of liver function indices. In terms of immunity evaluation, the tea polyphenol group and the grape seed-tea polyphenol complex group could increase the immunity of eels to varying degrees. In terms of antioxidant capacity, all three groups of samples could increase the body's antioxidant capacity. The results of this study showed that adding tea polyphenols and grape seeds to the feed simultaneously could effectively protect the liver of fish, and simultaneously enhance their antioxidant and non-specific immune functions. [Conclusions] This study provides a reference for the application of the two Chinese herbal medicines, grape seeds and tea polyphenols, in finless eel farming. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]