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Neonatal encephalopathy represents a broad neurological syndrome which encompasses newborn foals presenting a variety of non-infectious neurologic signs and/or abnormal behaviors in the immediate postpartum period. It is recognized as the most predominant neurological disorder in neonatal foals. Prognostic factors can guide clinicians in medical decision-making, aiding in the establishment of survival probabilities. The aim of this work was to scrutinize the prognostic value of clinical and laboratorial findings upon admission and posterior comorbidities developed during hospitalization, assessing their influence on the outcome of foals with NE. For this purpose, the medical records of 61 neonatal foals with a primary diagnosis of NE were retrospectively analyzed. The overall survival rate was 57.4%. Most foals presented recumbency at admission, which was associated with higher mortality rates (p = 0.002). Hypothermic foals at admission were 4.85 times more likely to succumb (p = 0.015). The presence of hypoglycemia at admission was associated with higher mortality rates (p = 0.002). Foals with hypercreatinemia at admission had 6.67 times greater odds of dying. The development of seizures contributed to 4.14 greater odds of dying. Foals that developed comorbidities during hospitalization had 40.1 times greater odds of dying, with pneumonia and sepsis being the most relevant comorbidities. In foals with NE, rectal temperature, hematocrit, blood glucose, and creatinine concentrations are simple, quick-to-measure parameters that may have prognostic value during admission.

Simple Summary: Neonatal encephalopathy (NE) is the most common neurological disorder observed in neonatal foals. Identifying prognostic factors can assist veterinarians in making informed decisions and predicting survival outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate the prognostic significance of clinical and laboratory findings at the time of admission, as well as the impact of comorbidities developed during hospitalization, on the survival of foals with NE. A retrospective analysis of medical records from 61 foals diagnosed with NE was conducted. The overall survival rate was 57.4%. Recumbency at admission was significantly linked to higher mortality rates (p = 0.002). Foals presenting with hypothermia were 4.85 times more likely to die (p = 0.015). Hypoglycemia at admission was also associated with increased mortality (p = 0.002). Foals that developed seizures presented a 4.14 times higher risk of dying. Additionally, foals with increased creatinine concentrations had a 6.67 times higher risk of death. The development of comorbidities, such as pneumonia and sepsis, during hospitalization increased the odds of mortality by 40.1 times. Simple clinical parameters like rectal temperature, blood glucose, and creatinine concentrations at admission may have important prognostic value in foals with NE. Neonatal encephalopathy represents a broad neurological syndrome which encompasses newborn foals presenting a variety of non-infectious neurologic signs and/or abnormal behaviors in the immediate postpartum period. It is recognized as the most predominant neurological disorder in neonatal foals. Prognostic factors can guide clinicians in medical decision-making, aiding in the establishment of survival probabilities. The aim of this work was to scrutinize the prognostic value of clinical and laboratorial findings upon admission and posterior comorbidities developed during hospitalization, assessing their influence on the outcome of foals with NE. For this purpose, the medical records of 61 neonatal foals with a primary diagnosis of NE were retrospectively analyzed. The overall survival rate was 57.4%. Most foals presented recumbency at admission, which was associated with higher mortality rates (p = 0.002). Hypothermic foals at admission were 4.85 times more likely to succumb (p = 0.015). The presence of hypoglycemia at admission was associated with higher mortality rates (p = 0.002). Foals with hypercreatinemia at admission had 6.67 times greater odds of dying. The development of seizures contributed to 4.14 greater odds of dying. Foals that developed comorbidities during hospitalization had 40.1 times greater odds of dying, with pneumonia and sepsis being the most relevant comorbidities. In foals with NE, rectal temperature, hematocrit, blood glucose, and creatinine concentrations are simple, quick-to-measure parameters that may have prognostic value during admission. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Objective Cross-culturally adapt and validate, for Portuguese, the Hamilton Early Warning Score to detect clinical deterioration in emergency services. Method Methodological study comprising the stages of translation, synthesis, back translation, expert committee (n=13), pre-test, submission, and analysis of the measurement properties in a sample of 188 patients. The Canadian Acute Scale Triage was compared with the Hamilton Early Warning Score. The Weighted Kappa Coefficient, Intraclass and Pearson Correlation Coefficient, Binary Logistic Regression and the Area Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic Curve were used for data analysis. Results The Hamilton Early Warning Score showed excellent reliability, α=0.924 (p

Objetivo: caracterizar o perfil das vítimas de trauma segundo dados sociodemográficos, do evento e assistenciais em uma unidade de pronto atendimento de um hospital público de ensino. Método: estudo transversal retrospectivo quantitativo. Resultados: prevaleceram vítimas com idade média de 43 anos, sexo masculino (72,4%), cor branca (58,5%), acidentes de trânsito (39,8%), lesões em extremidades superiores (37,9%), admissões no período noturno (39,1%), segunda-feira (15,4%) e em maio (10,2%), cirurgias ortopédicas (56,5%), sem complicações (58,1%), internação por um dia (60,4%), incapacidade ligeira na alta hospitalar (28,8%). O tratamento hospitalar teve um custo > US$ 100,00 (53,0%). Conclusão: a caracterização do perfil das vítimas de trauma atendidas em unidade de pronto atendimento de um hospital público de ensino mostrou que o tratamento do trauma envolve muitos fatores e as sequelas que causam à vítima interferem na realização das atividades de vida diária, na ocupação de leitos e determinam altos custos de tratamento. Descritores: Ferimentos e Lesões. Serviços Médicos de Emergência. Perfil de Saúde. Causas Externas.

Objetivo: identificar na literatura evidências científicas sobre os instrumentos que avaliam o nível de consciência de pacientes adultos e idosos. Método: revisão integrativa de literatura, realizada em fevereiro de 2020, com artigos publicados entre 2010 e 2020, nas fontes de informação: LILACS, CINAHL, PubMed®/Medline, Web of Science, EBSCO e Scopus. Adotou-se o aplicativo Rayyan para a seleção dos estudos. Resultados: identificaram-se 884 artigos, destes, 19 atenderam aos critérios de inclusão. Foram identificadas oito escalas de avaliação. A maioria delas avalia os itens: abertura ocular, resposta motora, resposta verbal, padrão respiratório e reflexos tronco encefálicos. A escala Coma Recovery Scale-Revised foi a mais utilizada e a escala Full Outline of Unresponsiveness, considerada a mais completa para avaliar a consciência. Conclusão: verificou-se que as escalas possuem semelhança em seus domínios e mecanismos de avaliação e são confiáveis e efetivas para mensurar o nível de consciência de adultos e idosos. ABSTRACT Objective: to identify, in the literature, scientific evidence on the instruments that assess level of consciousness in adult and elderly patients. Method: this integrative literature review was carried out in February 2020, with articles published between 2010 and 2020, in the information sources: LILACS, CINAHL, PubMed®/Medline, Web of Science, EBSCO and Scopus. Studies were selected using the application Rayyan. Results: 884 articles were identified, of which 19 met the inclusion criteria. Eight rating scales were identified, most evaluating the items: eye opening, motor response, verbal response, breathing pattern and brainstem reflexes. The Coma Recovery Scale-Revised was the most used and the Full Outline of Unresponsiveness scale was considered the most complete to assess awareness. Conclusion: the scales were found to share similar domains and evaluation mechanisms and to be reliable and effective for measuring level of consciousness in adults and the elderly. RESUMEN Objetivo: identificar en la literatura evidencia científica sobre los instrumentos que evalúan el nivel de conciencia de pacientes adultos y ancianos. Método: revisión integradora de la literatura, realizada en febrero de 2020, con artículos publicados entre 2010 y 2020, en las fuentes de información: PubMed®/Medline, LILACS, CINAHL, Web of Science, EBSCO y Scopus. Se adoptó la aplicación Rayyan para seleccionar los estudios. Resultados: Se identificaron 884 artículos, de los cuales 19 cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión. Se identificaron ocho escalas de calificación. La mayoría de ellos evalúa los ítems: apertura ocular, respuesta motora, respuesta verbal, patrón de respiración y reflejos del tronco encefálico. La escala Coma Recovery Scale-Revised fue la más utilizada y la escala Full Outline of Unresponsiveness fue considerada la más completa para evaluar la conciencia. Conclusión: se verificó que las escalas tienen similitudes en sus dominios y mecanismos de evaluación y son confiables y efectivas para medir el nivel de conciencia de adultos y ancianos.

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi o de compreender as práticas discursivas entre psicóloga/o e usuária/o no cotidiano de um serviço de proteção social básica do Sistema Único de Assistência Social no Brasil. Para tanto, foi observado o cotidiano de um Centro de Referência em Assistência Social. O registro em diário de campo foi analisado a partir da proposta teórico-metodológica construcionista social de análise de práticas discursivas e produção de sentidos. Os sentidos sobre relacionamento psicólogo/a-usuários/as nessas práticas foram discutidos em termos dos jogos de posicionamentos que implicavam e dos discursos sociais que os atravessavam. Destacaram-se a disputa de entendimentos entre profissional e usuária/o sobre possíveis planos de ação, a influência de discursos de julgamento moral e responsabilização individual nesse processo, os efeitos do lugar da/o profissional como especialista, a dificuldade de se pensar estratégias com o foco grupal, coletivo e comunitário e os efeitos de um olhar psicologizante sobre a/o usuária/o.

Objetivou-se avaliar os padrões alimentares, de atividade física e o grau de insatisfação com a imagem corporal em mulheres frequentadoras de academia de atividade física. 30 mulheres participaram do estudo. Os instrumentos utilizados foram: Teste de Atitudes Alimentares (EAT-26), Teste de Investigação Bulímica de Edimburgo (BITE), Questionário de Imagem Corporal (BSQ), Inventário de Sentimentos sobre Atividade Física (ISAF) e Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC). Quanto aos resultados, 40% das participantes apresentavam alteração no IMC, 9,9% apresentaram comportamento de risco para o desenvolvimento de transtorno alimentar, 57,7% apresentaram alguma distorção na imagem corporal e 30% mostraram atitude positiva com relação à prática de atividade física. Mulheres na faixa de 26 a 33 anos apresentaram mais atitudes alimentares patológicas do que as demais. Sugere-se a realização de estudos complementares com foco nas práticas de promoção da saúde envolvendo frequentadoras de academia de atividade física.

Poucos espaços são oferecidos para escuta de como pacientes diagnosticados com transtornos alimentares entendem o discurso que preconiza a necessidade de distanciamento afetivo entre profissional e paciente. Buscamos compreender de que modo o pedido dos pacientes por maior proximidade afetiva em relação ao profissional de saúde pode participar da construção do bom relacionamento com médicos, psicólogos e nutricionistas. Pacientes de um serviço de assistência em transtornos alimentares foram entrevistados. A análise do material baseou-se na proposta teórico-metodológica das práticas discursivas e produção de sentidos sustentada pelo discurso construcionista social. Foram destacados os sentidos e discursos e os jogos de posicionamentos implicados nessas produções discursivas. As participantes construíram a proximidade com o profissional como ingrediente fundamental para uma possível superação do transtorno. Os argumentos a favor de um contato mais íntimo com os profissionais e o uso do discurso da neutralidade pelo profissional foram problematizados em seu contexto de produção.

El objetivo fue entender el significado de la maternidad y las experiencias de embarazo en primíparas y multíparas. Seis mujeres embarazadas y casadas fueron entrevistadas, tres multíparas y tres primíparas. En el discurso, se trajeron temas como las dificultades físicas, cambios corporales, el impacto del embarazo en las relaciones de pareja, la planificación para el embarazo y la participación de los padres. Se observó que la falta de experiencia en las primíparas he traído inseguridad, mientras que en algunas multíparas había lugar para la ambivalencia por el hecho de que el embarazo no ha sido planeado. En multíparas, hubo gran preocupación en cuanto al impacto del embarazo en la estructura familiar. En cuanto a las fuentes de apoyo, hicieron hincapié en la participación activa de la pareja, el padre del bebé, mostrando su importancia para el bienestar psicológico de las mujeres. El categoría trimestre de la gestación no fue adecuado para la investigación de los aspectos emocionales del embarazo, teniendo en cuenta que muchos sentimientos se hicieron más prominentes en cada momento, con independencia de trimestre de la gestación.

O objetivo desta pesquisa foi analisar o efeito da participação de profissionais da saúde, educação e religiosos em grupos de conversações públicas com pessoas LGBT. Os participantes foram entrevistados algumas semanas após a participação nos grupos. Os profissionais mencionaram que essa metodologia de diálogo (intitulada Projeto de Conversações Públicas) permitiu com que aprendessem como qualificar suas práticas, refletirem sobre as dificuldades de se falar sobre gênero e diversidade sexual em seu contexto de atuação, e que tivessem contato com histórias impactantes de violência e discriminação de pessoas LGBT. O formato de conversa permitiu falar e escutar em um ambiente de menos julgamento. As diferenças nos efeitos produzidos por cada grupo são discutidas em relação às diferenças na composição grupal e às especificidades do contexto dentro do qual cada temática abordada se insere.

El Proyecto de Conversaciones Públicas (PCP) al proponer una conversación entre personas con opiniones contrarias sobre temas polémicos, busca comprender los sentidos producidos con participantes en encuentros del PCP sobre su participación en la conversación entre homofobia y matrimonio entre personas del mismo sexo. Dos encuentros sobre la criminalización de la homofobia y dos sobre el matrimonio entre personas del mismo sexo fueron realizados. Esta investigación se basa en el discurso construccionista. Las estrategias de producción de datos utilizadas fueron: rellenar formularios de feedback en el pos-grupo y entrevistas individuales después de un año y medio de participación en el encuentro. Estas estrategias se mostraron útiles para perfeccionar la propuesta de mediación de diálogos, discutiendo la calidad en la producción de significados, estructura de la conversación, compostura de los facilitadores, momentos excepcionales de los encuentros, sugerencias de cambios y efectos de la conversación a lo largo del tiempo.

O objetivo deste estudo foi compreender os sentidos da participação da família no tratamento produzidos em um grupo de apoio aos familiares de pessoas diagnosticadas com anorexia e bulimia. Participaram familiares atendidos no contexto de um serviço especializado. O corpus foi constituído pelos registros audiogravados de sessão de grupo, nos quais se buscou delimitar os segmentos interacionais relevantes para o alcance dos objetivos. A perspectiva construcionista social foi utilizada como suporte teórico-metodológico e fundamentou a análise dos dados. Os resultados permitiram compreender que as diversas descrições das relações da família com o "transtorno alimentar" permitem delimitar diferentes possibilidades de significar a participação dos familiares no tratamento. Concluiu-se que o grupo pode funcionar como um espaço privilegiado para acompanhar essa produção de sentidos in statu nascendi, permitindo explorar a construção, desconstrução e reconstrução de significados alternativos, que podem enriquecer o horizonte interpretativo de cada participante.El objetivo de cuesto estudio fue comprender los sentidos sobre la participación de la familia en el tratamiento producido en un grupo de apoyo a los familiares de personas diagnosticadas con anorexia y bulimia. Hicieron parte del estudio familiares atendidos en el contexto de un servicio especializado. El corpus fue constituido por los registros audio grabados de sesiones de grupo, en los cuales se buscó delimitar los segmentos interacciónales relevantes para el alcance del objetivo. El enfoque del construccionismo social fue utilizado como suporte teórico-metodológico y fundamentó el analisis de los datos. Los resultados permitieron comprender que las diversas descripciones sobre las relaciones de la familia con trastornos alimentarios permiten delimitar diferentes posibilidades de significar la participación de los familiares en el tratamiento. Concluye que los grupos pueden funcionar como un espacio privilegiado para acompañar esa producción de sentidos in statu nascendi, permitiendo explorar la construcción, desmanche y reconstrucción de los significados alternativos, que pueden enriquecer los horizontes de interpretación de cada participante.This study aims to understand the meanings about the family participation in the treatment produced in a support group for the families of people diagnosed with anorexia and bulimia. The participants of this study were families attended at a specialized health care service. The data was constituted by the audio recorded registrations of the group session, which were analyzed through the delimitation of its different interactional sections according to this study purposes. The social constructionism approach was used as theoretical and methodological reference and was used to data analysis. The results permitted understanding that the different descriptions about the relation between the family and the treatment can restrict the different possibilities to give meanings to the families' participation in the treatment. We conclude that the group may function as a significant space to observe the meaning production in statu nascendi, making possible to explore the construction and reconstruction of alternative meanings, that may enrich the interpretative possibilities of each participant.

The aim of this study was to analyze the meanings produced and negotiated by the relatives of people diagnosed with Anorexia and Bulimia who participated in a family support group. Using the Social Constructionism theoretical-methodological approach, the meanings about the family participation in group work, the social discourses that sustain such meaning constructions and their consequences to the group interaction were enlightened. When the meanings were taken as absolute truths, segregation movements among the participants were produced. However, those meanings could be revisited promoting the appearance of alternative ones, showing the negotiated and constructed character of the group space. This knowledge may contribute to a successful planning for the treatment of eating disorders.

This article reflects about the practice of Counselling Psychology (CP) in Latin America and the challenge of offering this practice in contexts of poverty and inequalities. We defend a CP that can offer a practice outside the standards of conventional clinical care, considering the individuals and their institutional relationships; valuing community support networks, and the care resources existing in these communities; avoiding pathologising and categorising people; and being open to the multiple demands while the professionals' role is to facilitate the process in which users become autonomous individuals able to make decisions about their lives. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study sought to comprehend the effects of sharing reports of personal experiences that support people's opinions in a reflective structured dialogue (RSD) in the controversial topic of teaching gender and sexuality in schools. Positioning theory was used to analyze a dialogue session with 12 participants with different opinions and social functions related to the theme. Analysis showed how sharing personal experiences can be influenced by the positioning games assumed in the conversation sequence, which may limit the dialogic potential of the group. The implications of these games in considering the use of RSD and recommendations and suggestions for future research are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to evaluate whether environmental changes promoted by the conversion from a Brachiaria decumbens monoculture to a silvopastoral system can be measured by the diversity, richness, abundance, and constancy of insects of the order Hymenoptera. A Malaise trap for collecting insects was installed in a B. decumbens area managed as a silvopastoral system, and another was installed in a monoculture system. Hymenoptera richness and abundance were determined based on the number of morphospecies and specimens, respectively. The diversity and constancy indices were calculated using the Shannon-Wiener and Bodenheimer methodologies. Fifteen families of Hymenoptera were collected, seven of which were unique to the monoculture system. The samples from the silvopastoral system were significantly more abundant (3,889) and rich (305) compared with those from the monoculture system, which were much less abundant (1,473) and rich (173). Similar trends were noted for the families Formicidae, Ichneumonidae, and Braconidae. Additionally, these families and Sphecidae showed significantly greater diversity in the silvopastoral system. Formicidae and Braconidae were constant in both systems, while Ichneumonidae was constant only in the silvopastoral system. The families Vespidae, Pompilidae, and Apidae were more diverse; Chaleididae, Pompilidae, Sphecidae, Halictidae, Evaniidae, and Gasteruptiidae were more abundant; and Vespidae had more richness in the monoculture system. The conversion from the monoculture system to the silvopastoral system can be measured by the occurrence of Hymenoptera, especially the families Formicidae, Ichneumonidae, and Braconidae, which can be used as potential bioindicators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To evaluate the prevalence and severity of asthma and its association with sex in 6- to 7-year-old schoolchildren from the city of Rio de Janeiro (RJ), obtained by a telephone survey. Methods: A cross-sectional study using the International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Childhood (ISAAC) Written Questionnaire for Asthma adapted and validated by telephone interviews was conducted. The random sample was recruited systematically, without replacement, taking into account the proportion of school classes and students in each regional coordination of the Municipal Secretariat of Education, which supplied the students' telephone numbers. The data were collected by a polling company from May to July 2010. Prevalence ratios (PRs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were compared using the difference in proportions test suitable for large samples to analyze the association between asthma and sex. Results: In total, 3216 interviews from parents/caregivers of children were analyzed; 51.4% of the children were males. Mothers were the primary respondents (71.9%). The prevalence rates of 'wheezing ever' and 'wheezing in the last 12 months' were 52.2% and 20.9%, respectively, and were significantly higher among boys (PR: 1.10, 95% CI: 1.03-1.18 and PR: 1.27, 95% CI: 1.10-1.45). The same pattern was observed for 'asthma ever' (PR: 1.44, 95% CI: 1.12-1.85) and for 'severe asthma' (PR: 1.42, 95% CI: 1.11-1.82). Conclusion: The prevalence of asthma was high among RJ's students. Most of the indicators of the disease were more prevalent among boys. Our results were similar to those observed in other Brazilian and international centers using the traditional ISAAC protocol. The use of this method can be an alternative for epidemiological studies of childhood asthma especially in areas where the telephone coverage is high. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]