1. Gravitational waves from binary black holes in a self-interacting scalar dark matter cloud
- Author
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Boudon, Alexis, Brax, Philippe, Valageas, Patrick, Wong, Leong Khim, Institut de Physique Théorique - UMR CNRS 3681 (IPHT), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
- Subjects
High Energy Physics - Theory ,Astrophysics and Astronomy ,wave function ,Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO) ,gr-qc ,astro-ph.GA ,FOS: Physical sciences ,General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology (gr-qc) ,mass: scalar ,General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology ,accretion ,DECIGO ,general relativity ,cloud ,self-force: scalar ,dark matter: scalar ,LIGO ,correction: higher-order ,density ,LISA ,General Relativity and Cosmology ,[PHYS.HTHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Theory [hep-th] ,hep-th ,gravitational radiation ,Schwarzschild ,Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies ,field theory: scalar ,High Energy Physics - Theory (hep-th) ,black hole: binary ,gravitation ,Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA) ,astro-ph.CO ,[PHYS.GRQC]Physics [physics]/General Relativity and Quantum Cosmology [gr-qc] ,[PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph] ,Particle Physics - Theory ,Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics - Abstract
We investigate the imprints of accretion and dynamical friction on the gravitational-wave signals emitted by binary black holes embedded in a scalar dark matter cloud. As a key feature in this work, we focus on scalar fields with a repulsive self-interaction that balances against the self-gravity of the cloud. To a first approximation, the phase of the gravitational-wave signal receives extra correction terms at $-4$PN and $-5.5$PN orders, relative to the prediction of vacuum general relativity, due to accretion and dynamical friction, respectively. Future observations by LISA and B-DECIGO have the potential to detect these effects for a large range of scalar masses~$m_\mathrm{DM}$ and self-interaction couplings~$\lambda_4$; observations by ET and Advanced~LIGO could also detect these effects, albeit in a more limited region of parameter space. Crucially, we find that even if a dark matter cloud has a bulk density~$\rho_0$ that is too dilute to be detected via the effects of dynamical friction, the imprints of accretion could still be observable because it is controlled by the independent scale $\rho_a = 4 m_{\rm DM}^4 c^3/(3 \lambda_4 \hbar^3)$. In the models we consider, the infalling dark matter increases in density up to this characteristic scale $\rho_a$ near the Schwarzschild radius, which sets the accretion rate and its associated impact on the gravitational~waveform., Comment: 20 pages, 6 figures, 5 tables
- Published
- 2023