Search

Your search keyword '"Védère, Charlotte"' showing total 10 results
Start Over Author "Védère, Charlotte" Language english
10 results on '"Védère, Charlotte"'

5. Soilμ3d project: emergent properties of soil microbial functions from 3d modelling and spatial descriptors of pore scale heterogeneity

Author

Garnier, Patricia, Pot, Valérie, Chenu, Claire, Baveye, Philippe, Montagne, David, Vieuble, Laure, Nunan, Naoise, Raynaud, Xavier, Massad, Raia Silvia, Laville, Patricia, Monga, Olivier, Otten, Wilfred, Portell-Canal, Xavier, Rapaport, Alain, de Dreuzy, Jean-Raynald, Henault, Catherine, Lacoste, Marine, Hecht, Frédéric, Coche, Alexandre, Védère, Charlotte, Mbe, Bruno, EL Mjiyad, Noureddine, Propriétés émergentes des fonctions microbiennes dans les sols : Identification de descripteurs spatiaux de la structure du sol à partir de modélisations 3D à l'échelle des habitats microbiens - - Soilµ-3D2015 - ANR-15-CE01-0006 - AAPG2015 - VALID, Ecologie fonctionnelle et écotoxicologie des agroécosystèmes (ECOSYS), AgroParisTech-Université Paris-Saclay-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Institut d'écologie et des sciences de l'environnement de Paris (iEES Paris ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Université Paris-Est Créteil Val-de-Marne - Paris 12 (UPEC UP12)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Unité de modélisation mathématique et informatique des systèmes complexes [Bondy] (UMMISCO), Université de Yaoundé I-Institut de la francophonie pour l'informatique-Université Cheikh Anta Diop [Dakar, Sénégal] (UCAD)-Université Gaston Bergé (Saint-Louis, Sénégal)-Université Cadi Ayyad [Marrakech] (UCA)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD [France-Nord]), Cranfield University, Mathématiques, Informatique et STatistique pour l'Environnement et l'Agronomie (MISTEA), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut Agro - Montpellier SupAgro, Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro)-Institut national d'enseignement supérieur pour l'agriculture, l'alimentation et l'environnement (Institut Agro), Géosciences Rennes (GR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UR)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Agroécologie [Dijon], Université de Bourgogne (UB)-AgroSup Dijon - Institut National Supérieur des Sciences Agronomiques, de l'Alimentation et de l'Environnement-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), InfoSol (InfoSol), Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), University of Yaoundé [Cameroun], ANR-15-CE01-0006,Soilµ-3D,Propriétés émergentes des fonctions microbiennes dans les sols : Identification de descripteurs spatiaux de la structure du sol à partir de modélisations 3D à l'échelle des habitats microbiens(2015), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Rennes (OSUR), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Université de Rennes 2 (UR2), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Neurosciences Paris Seine (NPS), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Biologie Paris Seine (IBPS), and Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)

Subjects
[SDV.SA.AGRO] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Agronomy, [SDE.BE] Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [SDV.SA.AGRO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Agricultural sciences/Agronomy, [INFO.INFO-MO] Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, [INFO.INFO-MO]Computer Science [cs]/Modeling and Simulation
Abstract

International audience; The reduction of greenhouse gas emissions by improving the efficiency of agricultural systems through robust ecologically-based management practices represents the most important challenge facing agriculture. Models are needed to evaluate the effects of soil properties, climate, and agricultural management practices on soil carbon and on the nitrogen transformations responsible for GHG emissions. Models of Carbon and nitrogen cycles in soils need improvements so they can provide more accurate and robust predictions. They use empirical functions which account for the different environmental factors that affect microbial functions. However, these types of function have limitations because they don’t consider the micro heterogeneity of soil at the scale of microorganisms and they cannot describe processes that are connected to each other by complex interactions linked to soil structure. Mechanistic representation of small-scale processes was identified in literature as one of the priorities to improve these global soil organic matter dynamics models.Our previous project showed the importance of the habitat of soil microorganisms, and especially how physical characteristics (pore sizes, connectivity) control the decomposition of organic substrates via experimental microcosm. We have developed a suite of methods and models to visualize in 2D or 3D soil heterogeneity at scales relevant for microorganisms. It has also contributed to the development of three very complementary 3D models able to simulate for the first time the microbial degradation of organic matter at the scale of microhabitats in soil using real 3D images of soils. The goal of this Soilµ3D project is now to go further by using the 3D models resulting from MEPSOM to upscale heterogeneities identified at the scale of microhabitats to the soil profile scale. The aims of the project are to: develop new descriptors of the pore scale 3D soil heterogeneity that explain the fluxes measured at the core scale, use our 3D models to connect the µ-scale heterogeneity and the measured macroscale fluxes, develop new simple models describing the soil micro-heterogeneity and integrating these micro-features into field-scale models.Several improvements have been made to 3D models, such as: i) model parallelization, ii) more compact representation of pore space by ellipsoids as geometric primitives, iii) coupling with Individual based models. Two Literature reviews were written concerning technics of 3D images at small scale (Baveye et al, 2018) and the 3D modelling of soil pores microscopic architecture (Pot et al., 2020) .Modeling scenarios from 3D soil images has shown the importance of the connectivity of water-filled pores in carbon mineralization. The number of clusters of pores filled with water appears to be a relevant indicator of CO2 emissions. This modeling shows that the diffusion of the 3D substrate controls the contact between µorganisms and organic matter and therefore the rates of decomposition. A threshold effect is observed with an increase in the decomposition of organic matter when low substrate concentrations are associated with a high number of bacterial cells compared to a population model.

Published
2021

6. Bypass and hyperbole in soil science: A perspective from the next generation of soil scientists.

Author

Portell, Xavier, Sauzet, Ophélie, Balseiro‐Romero, María, Benard, Pascal, Cardinael, Rémi, Couradeau, Estelle, Danra, Dieudonné D., Evans, Daniel L., Fry, Ellen L., Hammer, Edith C., Mamba, Danielle, Merino‐Martín, Luis, Mueller, Carsten W., Paradelo, Marcos, Rees, Frédéric, Rossi, Lorenzo, Schmidt, Hannes, Schnee, Laura S., Védère, Charlotte, and Vidal, Alix

Subjects
SOIL science, SOIL scientists, HYPERBOLE
Abstract

Here, we present our collective musings on soil research challenges and opportunities and, in particular, the points raised by Philippe Baveye (Baveye, 2020a, 2020b) and Johan Bouma (Bouma, 2020) on I bypass i and I hyperbole i in soil science. Furthermore, developing a healthy and constructive post-publication peer-review system, where bypasses and hyperbolic approaches can be identified and discussed, would ultimately boost publication quality and contribute to a more open discourse in soil science. [Extracted from the article]

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

8. Opportunities and limits in imaging microorganisms and their activities in soil microhabitats.

Author

Védère, Charlotte, Vieublé Gonod, Laure, Nunan, Naoise, and Chenu, Claire

Subjects
*SOIL microbiology, *ECOLOGICAL niche
Abstract

The soil microhabitat is a heterogeneous and complex environment where local variations can modulate phenomena observed at the plot scale. Most of the current methods used to describe soil functioning are bulk soil analyses which do not account for fine-scale spatial variability and cannot fully account for the processes that occur under the influence of the 3D organisation of soil. A good representation of spatial heterogeneities is necessary for the parametrisation of new models, which aim to represent pore-scale processes that affect microbial activity. The visualisation of soil at the scale of the microhabitat can be used to extract descriptors and reveal the nature of the relationships between the fine-scale organisation of soil's constituent parts and soil functioning. However, soil imaging techniques tend to be under-used, possibly due to a lack of awareness of the methods or due to a lack of access to the relevant instruments. In recent years, new methods have been developed, and continuously improved, offering new possibilities to decipher and describe soil physical, chemical and biological features of the soil microhabitat in evermore exquisite detail. This review is structured into several sections in which we consider first imaging methods that are useful for describing the distribution of microorganisms and identify them, second the methods for characterising the physical organisation and the chemical attributes of the microhabitat, including soil organic matter and, finally, methods for visualising in situ information on the activities of microorganisms are described. Special attention is given to the preparation steps that are required for the proper use of the methods, either alone or in combination. • Soil heterogeneity at the microscale can be approached with imaging methods. • Imaging methods have developed recently but are under-used for soil microorganisms. • We identified imaging methods suitable to characterise soil micro-habitats. • We addressed imaging limits and challenges raised for soils and microorganisms. • Imaging methods can allow to identify descriptors that account for soil functioning. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

9. Spatial and temporal evolution of detritusphere hotspots at different soil moistures.

Author

Védère, Charlotte, Vieublé Gonod, Laure, Pouteau, Valérie, Girardin, Cyril, and Chenu, Claire

Subjects
*SOIL microbiology, *GEOLOGIC hot spots, *PLANT residues, *SOIL moisture, *BIODEGRADATION, *SOIL wetting, *FUNGUS-bacterium relationships
Abstract

As a result of the heterogeneous spatial distribution of microorganisms and substrates in soil and their restricted accessibility, biodegradation occurs mainly in hotspots, such as in the detritusphere, induced by decomposing plant residues. Knowing the characteristics of the volume of soil involved in biodegradation of a given organic substrate will facilitate the understanding and prediction of biodegradation. Our objectives were (i) to identify the volume of soil involved in the biodegradation of plant residues and (ii) to determine to what extent this volume is affected by soil moisture under diffusive conditions by monitoring the mineralization and spatio-temporal evolution of residue C and microorganisms in soil at the microbial habitat scale. We incubated repacked soil cores with a central layer of 13C-labelled maize residues at three different matric potentials (−0.0031, −0.031 and −0.31 MPa). We monitored 13C and total C mineralization, and at different dates over 45 days of incubation, we separated soil slices with increasing distances from the residues and analysed 13C from the residues and the microbial community structure and its activity by PLFA and 13C-PLFA processing. Residue mineralization increased with increasing soil moisture. A detritusphere a few mm thick was rapidly established, with a decreasing gradient of 13C and total PLFAs and 13C-PLFAs away from the residue layer. Most 13C from the residues was located in the first 2 mm of the detritusphere and was not dependent on the matric potential. Residue mineralization seemed to take place mainly on the residues themselves, but increasing residue C was transferred to the surrounding soil with increasing soil moisture. Dry conditions slowed residue C transfer and favoured fungi, but residue mineralization was carried out by both bacteria and fungi. • The size of the maize residue detritusphere was a few millimetres. • Dry soil showed slower residue C transfer than wet soil. • Detritusphere size was hardly impacted by moisture content. • Residue C mineralization occurred mainly on residues rather than in adjacent soil. • Residue-degrading microorganisms in soil differed from total soil microorganisms. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

10. Bypass and hyperbole in soil science: A perspective from the next generation of soil scientists

Author

Portell, Xavier, Sauzet, Ophélie, Balseiro‐Romero, María, Benard, Pascal, Cardinael, Rémi, Couradeau, Estelle, Danra, Dieudonné D., Evans, Daniel L., Fry, Ellen L., Hammer, Edith C., Mamba, Danielle, Merino‐Martín, Luis, Mueller, Carsten W., Paradelo, Marcos, Rees, Frédéric, Rossi, Lorenzo, Schmidt, Hannes, Schnee, Laura S., Védère, Charlotte, and Vidal, Alix

Subjects
13. Climate action
Abstract

European Journal of Soil Science, 72 (1), ISSN:1351-0754, ISSN:1365-2389

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results