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Polyurethane-based materials, which are widely used in exterior cladding, pose a great risk for buildings because they can easily catch fire at temperatures as low as 50–65 °C. Thus, different materials are needed to ensure that structures exposed to high temperatures do not have any stability problems. In this study, expanded perlite aggregate plaster (EPAP) was produced to eliminate the negative effects that may occur in buildings exposed to high temperatures. High temperature tests were carried out on test plates of different thicknesses to determine the effect of plaster thickness under high temperatures. In order to compare the effects of high temperatures, a test sample of normal aggregate plaster (NAP), which is widely used in buildings, was prepared. In the high temperature test, the temperature values on the back surfaces of the EPAP (≈115 °C) test plates were approximately 3 times lower than the temperature values of the NAP (≈350 °C) test plate. It can be said that structural stability loss and durability problems may occur in structures covered with NAP in a high-temperature environment, and that no negative effect will occur in terms of structural stability and durability problems in structures covered with EPAP in high temperature environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]