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1. A pragmatic approach for integrating molecular tools into biodiversity conservation

Author

Laura D. Bertola, Anna Brüniche‐Olsen, Francine Kershaw, Isa‐Rita M. Russo, Anna J. MacDonald, Paul Sunnucks, Michael W. Bruford, Carlos Daniel Cadena, Kyle M. Ewart, Mark deBruyn, Mark D. B. Eldridge, Richard Frankham, Juan M. Guayasamin, Catherine E. Grueber, Thierry B. Hoareau, Sean Hoban, Paul A. Hohenlohe, Margaret E. Hunter, Antoinette Kotze, Josiah Kuja, Robert C. Lacy, Linda Laikre, Nathan Lo, Mariah H. Meek, Joachim Mergeay, Cinnamon Mittan‐Moreau, Linda E. Neaves, David O'Brien, Joel W. Ochieng, Rob Ogden, Pablo Orozco‐terWengel, Mónica Páez‐Vacas, Jennifer Pierson, Katherine Ralls, Robyn E. Shaw, Etotépé A. Sogbohossou, Adam Stow, Tammy Steeves, Cristiano Vernesi, Mrinalini Watsa, and Gernot Segelbacher

Subjects
conservation, management, molecular tools, Ecology, QH540-549.5, General. Including nature conservation, geographical distribution, QH1-199.5
Abstract

Abstract Molecular tools are increasingly applied for assessing and monitoring biodiversity and informing conservation action. While recent developments in genetic and genomic methods provide greater sensitivity in analysis and the capacity to address new questions, they are not equally available to all practitioners: There is considerable bias across institutions and countries in access to technologies, funding, and training. Consequently, in many cases, more accessible traditional genetic data (e.g., microsatellites) are still utilized for making conservation decisions. Conservation approaches need to be pragmatic by tackling clearly defined management questions and using the most appropriate methods available, while maximizing the use of limited resources. Here we present some key questions to consider when applying the molecular toolbox for accessible and actionable conservation management. Finally, we highlight a number of important steps to be addressed in a collaborative way, which can facilitate the broad integration of molecular data into conservation.

Published
2024
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3. DNA methylation episignature and comparative epigenomic profiling of HNRNPU-related neurodevelopmental disorder

Author

Rooney, Kathleen, van der Laan, Liselot, Trajkova, Slavica, Haghshenas, Sadegheh, Relator, Raissa, Lauffer, Peter, Vos, Niels, Levy, Michael A., Brunetti-Pierri, Nicola, Terrone, Gaetano, Mignot, Cyril, Keren, Boris, de Villemeur, Thierry B., Volker-Touw, Catharina M.L., Verbeek, Nienke, van der Smagt, Jasper J., Oegema, Renske, Brusco, Alfredo, Ferrero, Giovanni B., Misra-Isrie, Mala, Hochstenbach, Ron, Alders, Mariëlle, Mannens, Marcel M.A.M., Sadikovic, Bekim, van Haelst, Mieke M., and Henneman, Peter

Published
2023
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11. A pragmatic approach for integrating molecular tools into biodiversity conservation.

Author

Bertola, Laura D., Brüniche‐Olsen, Anna, Kershaw, Francine, Russo, Isa‐Rita M., MacDonald, Anna J., Sunnucks, Paul, Bruford, Michael W., Cadena, Carlos Daniel, Ewart, Kyle M., de Bruyn, Mark, Eldridge, Mark D. B., Frankham, Richard, Guayasamin, Juan M., Grueber, Catherine E., Hoareau, Thierry B., Hoban, Sean, Hohenlohe, Paul A., Hunter, Margaret E., Kotze, Antoinette, and Kuja, Josiah

Subjects
BIODIVERSITY conservation, BIODIVERSITY monitoring, MICROSATELLITE repeats, SENSITIVITY analysis, DECISION making
Abstract

Molecular tools are increasingly applied for assessing and monitoring biodiversity and informing conservation action. While recent developments in genetic and genomic methods provide greater sensitivity in analysis and the capacity to address new questions, they are not equally available to all practitioners: There is considerable bias across institutions and countries in access to technologies, funding, and training. Consequently, in many cases, more accessible traditional genetic data (e.g., microsatellites) are still utilized for making conservation decisions. Conservation approaches need to be pragmatic by tackling clearly defined management questions and using the most appropriate methods available, while maximizing the use of limited resources. Here we present some key questions to consider when applying the molecular toolbox for accessible and actionable conservation management. Finally, we highlight a number of important steps to be addressed in a collaborative way, which can facilitate the broad integration of molecular data into conservation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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14. DNA methylation episignature and comparative epigenomic profiling of HNRNPU-related neurodevelopmental disorder

Author

Kathleen Rooney, Liselot van der Laan, Slavica Trajkova, Sadegheh Haghshenas, Raissa Relator, Peter Lauffer, Niels Vos, Michael A. Levy, Nicola Brunetti-Pierri, Gaetano Terrone, Cyril Mignot, Boris Keren, Thierry B. de Villemeur, Catharina M.L. Volker-Touw, Nienke Verbeek, Jasper J. van der Smagt, Renske Oegema, Alfredo Brusco, Giovanni B. Ferrero, Mala Misra-Isrie, Ron Hochstenbach, Mariëlle Alders, Marcel M.A.M. Mannens, Bekim Sadikovic, Mieke M. van Haelst, Peter Henneman, Human genetics, Amsterdam Reproduction & Development (AR&D), Amsterdam Neuroscience - Complex Trait Genetics, Rooney, Kathleen, van der Laan, Liselot, Trajkova, Slavica, Haghshenas, Sadegheh, Relator, Raissa, Lauffer, Peter, Vos, Niel, Levy, Michael A, Brunetti-Pierri, Nicola, Terrone, Gaetano, Mignot, Cyril, Keren, Bori, Billette de Villemeur, Thierry, Volker-Touw, Catharina M L, Verbeek, Nienke, van der Smagt, Jasper J, Oegema, Renske, Brusco, Alfredo, Ferrero, Giovanni Battista, Misra-Isrie, Mala, Hochstenbach, Ron, Alders, Mariëlle, Mannens, Marcel M A M, Sadikovic, Bekim, van Haelst, Mieke M, and Henneman, Peter

Subjects
DNA methylation, Epilepsy, HNRNPU, Neurodevelopmental Disorder, CNV, Intellectual disability, Epigenetic, Epigenetics, Episignature, Genetics (clinical)
Abstract

Purpose: HNRNPU haploinsufficiency is associated with Developmental and Epileptic Encephalopathy 54. This neurodevelopmental disorder is characterized by developmental delay, intellectual disability, speech impairment, and early onset epilepsy. We performed genome-wide DNA methylation (DNAm) analysis in a cohort of individuals to develop a diagnostic biomarker and gain functional insights into the molecular pathophysiology of HNRNPU-related disorder. Methods: DNAm profiles of individuals carrying pathogenic HNRNPU variants, identified through an international multi-center collaboration, were assessed using Infinium Methylation EPIC arrays. Statistical and functional correlation analyses were performed comparing the HNRNPU cohort to 56 previously reported DNAm episignatures. Results: A robust and reproducible DNAm episignature and global DNAm profile were identified. Correlation analysis identified partial overlap and similarity of the global HNRNPU DNAm profile to several other rare disorders. Conclusion: This study demonstrates new evidence of a specific and sensitive DNAm episignature associated with pathogenic heterozygous HNRNPU-variants, establishing its utility as a clinical biomarker for the expansion of the EpiSignTM diagnostic test.

Published
2023

27. Inertial Microfluidic Purification of CAR-T-Cell Products

Author

Elsemary, MT, Maritz, MF, Smith, LE, Warkiani, M, Bandara, V, Napoli, S, Barry, SC, Coombs, JT, and Thierry, B

Subjects
Receptors, Chimeric Antigen, Microfluidics, Cell- and Tissue-Based Therapy, Humans, Lymphocyte Count, Immunotherapy, Adoptive
Abstract

Chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cell therapy is rapidly becoming a frontline cancer therapy. However, the manufacturing process is time-, labor- and cost-intensive, and it suffers from significant bottlenecks. Many CAR-T products fail to reach the viability release criteria set by regulators for commercial cell therapy products. This results in non-recoupable costs for the manufacturer and is detrimental to patients who may not receive their scheduled treatment or receive out-of-specification suboptimal formulation. It is demonstrated here that inertial microfluidics can, within minutes, efficiently deplete nonviable cells from low-viability CAR-T cell products. The percentage of viable cells increases from 40% (SD ± 0.12) to 71% (SD ± 0.09) for untransduced T cells and from 51% (SD ± 0.12) to 71% (SD ± 0.09) for CAR-T cells, which meets the clinical trials' release parameters. In addition, the processing of CAR-T cells formulated in CryStor yields a 91% reduction in the amount of the cryoprotectant dimethyl sulfoxide. Inertial microfluidic processing has no detrimental effects on the proliferation and cytotoxicity of CAR-T cells. Interestingly, ≈50% of T-regulatory and T-suppressor cells are depleted, suggesting the potential for inertial microfluidic processing to tune the phenotypical composition of T-cell products.

Published
2021

35. Simple-to-Operate Approach for Single Cell Analysis Using a Hydrophobic Surface and Nanosized Droplets

Author

Rezaei, M, Radfar, P, Winter, M, McClements, L, Thierry, B, and Warkiani, ME

Subjects
Microfluidics, High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing, Single-Cell Analysis, Polymerase Chain Reaction, 0301 Analytical Chemistry, 0399 Other Chemical Sciences, Analytical Chemistry
Abstract

Microfluidics-based technologies for single-cell analysis are becoming increasingly important tools in biological studies. With the increasing sophistication of microfluidics, cellular barcoding techniques, and next-generation sequencing, a more detailed picture of cellular subtype is emerging. Unfortunately, the majority of the methods developed for single-cell analysis are high-throughput and not suitable for rare cell analysis as they require a high input cell number. Here, we report a low-cost and reproducible method for rare single-cell analysis using a highly hydrophobic surface and nanosized static droplets. Our method allows rapid and efficient on-chip single-cell lysis and subsequent collection of genetic materials in nanoliter droplets using a micromanipulator or a laboratory pipette before subsequent genetic analysis. We show precise isolation of single cancer cells with high purity using two different strategies (i- cytospin and ii- static droplet array) for subsequent RNA analysis using droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and real-time PCR. Our highly controlled isolation method opens a new avenue for the study of subcellular functional mechanisms, enabling the identification of rare cells of potential functional or pathogenic consequence.

Published
2021

36. Neotype designation and re-description of Forsskål’s reticulate whipray Himantura uarnak

Author

Michael L. Berumen, Ashlie J. McIvor, Thierry B. Hoareau, Philippe Borsa, Collin T. Williams, Ecologie marine tropicale des océans Pacifique et Indien (ENTROPIE [Perpignan]), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), King Abdullah University of Science and Technology (KAUST), University of Pretoria [South Africa], IRD, and KAUST

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Dasyatidae, Species complex, Lineage (evolution), Zoology, Aquatic Science, Biology, Oceanography, 010603 evolutionary biology, 01 natural sciences, Reticulate, Genus, Phylogenetics, 14. Life underwater, Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics, Taxonomy, Neotype designation and re-description of Forsskål's reticulate whipray Himantura uarnak Taxonomy, Redescription, [SDV.GEN.GPO]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Genetics/Populations and Evolution [q-bio.PE], 010604 marine biology & hydrobiology, biology.organism_classification, Neotype, Taxonomy (biology), Type locality, [SDE.BE]Environmental Sciences/Biodiversity and Ecology, Himantura, Nucleotide sequence
Abstract

International audience; A continuing impediment to the taxonomy of the reticulate whipray Himantura spp. species complex is the absence of a type specimen for H. uarnak (Gmelin [ex Forsskål], 1789). Here, reticulate whipray specimens were sampled from the Jeddah region in the Red Sea, the assumed type locality of H. uarnak, and characterized genetically at the cytochrome-oxidase subunit 1 (CO1) locus. One of these specimens now in the fish collection of the California Academy of Sciences was designated as neotype. The maximum-likelihood phylogeny of all available CO1 gene sequences from the genus Himantura had the following topology: ((H. leoparda, H. uarnak), (H. undulata, (Himantura sp. 2, (H. australis + Himantura sp. 1))), H. tutul), where H. uarnak haplotypes formed a distinct lineage sister to H. leoparda. Based on these CO1 gene sequences, the geographic distribution of H. uarnak includes the eastern Mediterranean, the Red Sea, the East African coast, and the Arabian Sea. At least one lineage in the reticulate whipray species complex remains to be named.

Published
2021

37. OPTIMIZED TRANSMISSION CONDITIONS IN DOMAIN DECOMPOSITION METHODS WITH CROSS-POINTS FOR HELMHOLTZ EQUATION.

Author

DESPRÉS, B., NICOLOPOULOS, A., and THIERRY, B.

Subjects
DOMAIN decomposition methods, HELMHOLTZ equation
Abstract

We study a mathematical framework for the construction of domain decomposition methods (DDM) for the model Helmholtz equation with high order transmission conditions and cross-points. A compatibility condition is formulated for cross-points matrices so that the DDM is proved to be convergent under general conditions. The proof is based on a new global energy formulated on the skeleton of the DDM decomposition. It allows use of transmission operators which have a nontrivial antisymmetric part. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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38. Taxonomic revision and phylogeny of the Ophiocoma brevipes group (Echinodermata, Ophiuroidea), with description of a new subgenus (Breviturma) and a new species

Author

Sabine Stöhr, Emilie Boissin, and Thierry B. Hoareau

Subjects
morphology, Ophiocoma krohi, Breviturma, mitochondrial DNA, cryptic biodiversity, Zoology, QL1-991, Botany, QK1-989
Abstract

The taxonomy of the genus Ophiocoma was last revised by Devaney in 1970. Recent discoveries of new species and re-instatement of previously synonymized names suggest that we still do not fully understand the species limits in this genus. A recent biodiversity survey of the SW Indian Ocean shallow reefs strongly suggested an unrecognised species in the genus, closely related to O. brevipes/O. dentata. This study examined both the molecular phylogenetic relationships and the morphological characteristics of several species in the genus in order to characterise the unrecognised species. The focal species clusters with O. brevipes, O. dentata, O. doederleini within a monophyletic clade supported by molecular data for the first time. The name Breviturma subgen. nov. is proposed for this clade, previously known as brevipes group. Type material of nominal species that have been synonymized with O. dentata was examined and re-assessed. Ophiocoma marmorata proved not conspecific with O. dentata. A rarely used character, dorsal disc granule density, was tested and showed differences between the examined species at similar sizes. In combination with colour pattern, disc granule density, arm spine sequence and maximum disc size, the new species was delimited morphologically and described as Ophiocoma krohi sp. nov.

Published
2013
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40. Variation in neurosurgical management of traumatic brain injury: a survey in 68 centers participating in the CENTER-TBI study

Author

van Essen T. A., den Boogert H. F., Cnossen M. C., de Ruiter G. C. W., Haitsma I., Polinder S., Steyerberg E. W., Menon D., Maas A. I. R., Lingsma H. F., Peul W. C., Cecilia A., Hadie A., Vanni A., Judith A., Krisztina A., Norberto A., Nada A., Lasse A., Azasevac A., Audny A., Anna A., Hilko A., Gerard A., Kaspars A., Philippe A., Luisa A. M., Camelia B., Rafael B., Ronald B., Pal B., Ursula B., Romuald B., Ronny B., Javier B. F., Bo-Michael B., Antonio B., Remy B., Habib B., Thierry B., Maurizio B., Luigi B., Christopher B., Federico B., Harald B., Erta B., Morten B., den Hugo B., Pierre B., Peter B., Alexandra B., Vibeke B., Joanne B., Camilla B., Andras B., Monika B., Emiliana C., Rosa C. M., Peter C., Guillermo C. L., Marco C., Elsa C., Carpenter K., Castano-Leon Ana M., Francesco C., Giorgio C., Arturo C., Giuseppe C., Maryse C., Mark C., Jonathan C., Lizzie C. -K., Johnny C., Cooper Jamie D., Marta C., Amra C., Nicola C., Endre C., Marek C., Claire D. -F., Francois D., Pierre D., Helen D., Veronique D. K., Francesco D. C., Bart D., de Ruiter Godard C. W., Dula D., Shenghao D., Diederik D., Abhishek D., Emma D., Jens D., Guy-Loup D., George E., Heiko E., Ari E., Patrick E., Erzsebet E., Martin F., Feigin Valery L., Junfeng F., Kelly F., Francesca F., Gilles F., Ulderico F., Shirin F., Alex F., Pablo G., Damien G., Dashiell G., Guoyi G., Karin G., Pradeep G., Alexandre G., Lelde G., Benoit G., Ben G., Jagos G., Gomez Pedro A., Francesca G., Gruen Russell L., Deepak G., Haagsma Juanita A., Iain H., Hartings Jed A., Raimund H., Eirik H., Daniel H., Astrid H., Stefan H., Lindsay H., Jilske H., Hutchinson Peter J., Kristine H. A., Bram J., Stefan J., Mike J., Bojan J., Ji-yao J., Kelly J., Konstantinos K., Mladen K., Ari K., Maija K., Thomas K., Riku K., Kolias Angelos G., Balint K., Erwin K., Ksenija K., Daniel K., Lars-Owe K., Noemi K., Alfonso L., Linda L., Steven L., Fiona L., Christian L., Rolf L., Valerie L., Jin L., Leon L., Roger L., Hester L., Dirk L., Angels L., Maas Andrew I. R., Stephen M. D., Marc M., Marek M., Sebastian M., Alex M., Geoffrey M., Didier M., Francisco M. L., Costanza M., Armando M., Hugues M., Alessandro M., Julia M., Charles M. F., Catherine M. M., Bela M., David M., Tomas M., Cristina M. -K., Davide M., Visakh M., Lynnette M., Holger M., Nandesh N., Ancuta N., David N., Virginia N., Daan N., Quentin N., Jozsef N., Mauro O., Annemarie O., Matej O., Fabrizio O., Aarno P., Parizel Paul M., Adriana P., Jean-Francois P., Natascha P., Vincent P., Paolo P., Wilco P., Anna P. -K., Sebastien P. F., Matti P., Horia P., Antonia P. M., Suzanne P., Inigo P., Jussi P., Louis P., Andreea R., Arminas R., Rahul R., Malinka R., Ruben R., Veronika R., Jonathan R., Samuli R., Saulius R., Cecilie R., Olav R., Gerwin R., Jeffrey R., Christina R., Guy R., Rolf R., Sandra R., Daniel R., Martin R., Marco S., Barbara S., Juan S., Oliver S., Francesca S., Renan S. -P., Janos S., Edgar S., Luminita S., Davide S., Nadine S., Inger S., Barbara S. ss., Silke S., Herbert S., Guus S., Frederik S. R., Elisabeth S., Michael S., Ozcan S., Toril S., Lidwien S., Dirk S., Peter S., Abayomi S., Emmanuel S., Simon S., Nicole S., Ana S., Robert S., William S., Steyerberg Ewout W., Nino S., Nina S., Anneliese S., Silvio T. F., Riikka T., Viktoria T., Paivi T., Steven T. M., Braden T. A., Olli T., Ralph T., Guido T., Alice T., Matt T., Dick T., Christos T., Luaba T. J. -F., Tony T., Maria T. C., Peter V., Shirley V., Egils V., der Steen Gregory V., van der Mathieu J., van der Joukje N., van Dijck Jeroen T. J. M., van Essen Thomas A., Wim V. H., van Caroline H., Dominique V. P., Thijs V. V., Julia V. W., Audrey V., Alessia V., Emmanuel V., Kimberley V., Jan V., Vespa Paul M., Anne V., Rimantas V., Giacinta V., Carmen V. -L., Victor V., Daphne V., Zoltan V., Derick W., Wang Kevin K. W., Lei W., Lars W., Eno W., Guy W., Lindsay W., Winkler Maren K. L., Stefan W., Peter Y., Alexander Y., Menashe Z., Yang Z., Agate Z., Fabrizio Z., Van Essen, T, den Boogert, H, Cnossen, M, de Ruiter, G, Haitsma, I, Polinder, S, Steyerberg, E, Menon, D, Maas, A, Lingsma, E, Peul, W, Citerio, G, CENTER-TBI Investigators and Participants, Ragauskas, Arminas, Ročka, Saulius, Vilcinis, Rimantas, Commission of the European Communities, Public Health, Neurosurgery, Menon, David [0000-0002-3228-9692], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Clinicum, Department of Diagnostics and Therapeutics, Anestesiologian yksikkö, University of Helsinki, Neurokirurgian yksikkö, Doctoral Programme in Clinical Research, Centre of Excellence in Complex Disease Genetics, Aarno Palotie / Principal Investigator, Institute for Molecular Medicine Finland, Helsinki Institute for Information Technology, Biostatistics Helsinki, Samuli Olli Ripatti / Principal Investigator, University Management, Doctoral Programme in Social Sciences, HUS Perioperative, Intensive Care and Pain Medicine, Complex Disease Genetics, Genomics of Neurological and Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Statistical and population genetics, Psychology 3, Section Neuropsychology, RS: MHeNs - R1 - Cognitive Neuropsychiatry and Clinical Neuroscience, RS: FPN NPPP I, Rocka, Saulius, „Springer' grupė, van Essen, T. A., den Boogert, H. F., Cnossen, M. C., de Ruiter, G. C. W., Haitsma, I., Polinder, S., Steyerberg, E. W., Menon, D., Maas, A. I. R., Lingsma, H. F., Peul, W. C., Cecilia, A., Hadie, A., Vanni, A., Judith, A., Krisztina, A., Norberto, A., Nada, A., Lasse, A., Azasevac, A., Audny, A., Anna, A., Hilko, A., Gerard, A., Kaspars, A., Philippe, A., Luisa, A. M., Camelia, B., Rafael, B., Ronald, B., Pal, B., Ursula, B., Romuald, B., Ronny, B., Javier, B. F., Bo-Michael, B., Antonio, B., Remy, B., Habib, B., Thierry, B., Maurizio, B., Luigi, B., Christopher, B., Federico, B., Harald, B., Erta, B., Morten, B., den Hugo, B., Pierre, B., Peter, B., Alexandra, B., Vibeke, B., Joanne, B., Camilla, B., Andras, B., Monika, B., Emiliana, C., Rosa, C. M., Peter, C., Guillermo, C. L., Marco, C., Elsa, C., Carpenter, K., Castano-Leon Ana, M., Francesco, C., Giorgio, C., Arturo, C., Giuseppe, C., Maryse, C., Mark, C., Jonathan, C., Lizzie, C. -K., Johnny, C., Cooper Jamie, D., Marta, C., Amra, C., Nicola, C., Endre, C., Marek, C., Claire, D. -F., Francois, D., Pierre, D., Helen, D., Veronique, D. K., Francesco, D. C., Bart, D., de Ruiter Godard, C. W., Dula, D., Shenghao, D., Diederik, D., Abhishek, D., Emma, D., Jens, D., Guy-Loup, D., George, E., Heiko, E., Ari, E., Patrick, E., Erzsebet, E., Martin, F., Feigin Valery, L., Junfeng, F., Kelly, F., Francesca, F., Gilles, F., Ulderico, F., Shirin, F., Alex, F., Pablo, G., Damien, G., Dashiell, G., Guoyi, G., Karin, G., Pradeep, G., Alexandre, G., Lelde, G., Benoit, G., Ben, G., Jagos, G., Gomez Pedro, A., Francesca, G., Gruen Russell, L., Deepak, G., Haagsma Juanita, A., Iain, H., Hartings Jed, A., Raimund, H., Eirik, H., Daniel, H., Astrid, H., Stefan, H., Lindsay, H., Jilske, H., Hutchinson Peter, J., Kristine, H. A., Bram, J., Stefan, J., Mike, J., Bojan, J., Ji-yao, J., Kelly, J., Konstantinos, K., Mladen, K., Ari, K., Maija, K., Thomas, K., Riku, K., Kolias Angelos, G., Balint, K., Erwin, K., Ksenija, K., Daniel, K., Lars-Owe, K., Noemi, K., Alfonso, L., Linda, L., Steven, L., Fiona, L., Christian, L., Rolf, L., Valerie, L., Jin, L., Leon, L., Roger, L., Hester, L., Dirk, L., Angels, L., Maas Andrew, I. R., Stephen, M. D., Marc, M., Marek, M., Sebastian, M., Alex, M., Geoffrey, M., Didier, M., Francisco, M. L., Costanza, M., Armando, M., Hugues, M., Alessandro, M., Julia, M., Charles, M. F., Catherine, M. M., Bela, M., David, M., Tomas, M., Cristina, M. -K., Davide, M., Visakh, M., Lynnette, M., Holger, M., Nandesh, N., Ancuta, N., David, N., Virginia, N., Daan, N., Quentin, N., Jozsef, N., Mauro, O., Annemarie, O., Matej, O., Fabrizio, O., Aarno, P., Parizel Paul, M., Adriana, P., Jean-Francois, P., Natascha, P., Vincent, P., Camici, Paolo, Wilco, P., Anna, P. -K., Sebastien, P. F., Matti, P., Horia, P., Antonia, P. M., Suzanne, P., Inigo, P., Jussi, P., Louis, P., Andreea, R., Arminas, R., Rahul, R., Malinka, R., Ruben, R., Veronika, R., Jonathan, R., Samuli, R., Saulius, R., Cecilie, R., Olav, R., Gerwin, R., Jeffrey, R., Christina, R., Guy, R., Rolf, R., Sandra, R., Daniel, R., Martin, R., Marco, S., Barbara, S., Juan, S., Oliver, S., Francesca, S., Renan, S. -P., Janos, S., Edgar, S., Luminita, S., Davide, S., Nadine, S., Inger, S., Barbara, S. ss., Silke, S., Herbert, S., Guus, S., Frederik, S. R., Elisabeth, S., Michael, S., Ozcan, S., Toril, S., Lidwien, S., Dirk, S., Peter, S., Abayomi, S., Emmanuel, S., Simon, S., Nicole, S., Ana, S., Robert, S., William, S., Steyerberg Ewout, W., Nino, S., Nina, S., Anneliese, S., Silvio, T. F., Riikka, T., Viktoria, T., Paivi, T., Steven, T. M., Braden, T. A., Olli, T., Ralph, T., Guido, T., Alice, T., Matt, T., Dick, T., Christos, T., Luaba, T. J. -F., Tony, T., Maria, T. C., Peter, V., Shirley, V., Egils, V., der Steen Gregory, V., van der Mathieu, J., van der Joukje, N., van Dijck Jeroen, T. J. M., van Essen Thomas, A., Wim, V. H., van Caroline, H., Dominique, V. P., Thijs, V. V., Julia, V. W., Audrey, V., Alessia, V., Emmanuel, V., Kimberley, V., Jan, V., Vespa Paul, M., Anne, V., Rimantas, V., Giacinta, V., Carmen, V. -L., Victor, V., Daphne, V., Zoltan, V., Derick, W., Wang Kevin, K. W., Lei, W., Lars, W., Eno, W., Guy, W., Lindsay, W., Winkler Maren, K. L., Stefan, W., Peter, Y., Alexander, Y., Menashe, Z., Yang, Z., Agate, Z., and Fabrizio, Z.

Subjects
SURGERY, medicine.medical_treatment, CENTER-TBI Investigators and Participants, GUIDELINES, 3124 Neurology and psychiatry, 030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging, law.invention, 0302 clinical medicine, Traumatic brain injury, Randomized controlled trial, Trauma Centers, law, Neurosurgeons/standards, Surveys and Questionnaires, Brain Injuries, Traumatic, Acute subdural hematoma, Neurosurgery, Practice variation, VDP::Medical disciplines: 700::Clinical medical disciplines: 750::Neurosurgery: 786, Neuroradiology, OUTCOMES, medicine.diagnostic_test, Trauma center, Interventional radiology, 3. Good health, Europe, Monitoring, Physiologic/methods, SURGICAL-MANAGEMENT, Decompressive craniectomy, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, medicine.medical_specialty, Decompressive Craniectomy/methods, Decompressive Craniectomy, RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED-TRIALS, Comparative effectiveness research, Clinical Decision-Making, Clinical Neurology, Brain Injuries, Traumatic/surgery, 03 medical and health sciences, Original Article - Brain trauma, medicine, Humans, VDP::Medisinske Fag: 700::Klinisk medisinske fag: 750::Nevrokirurgi: 786, Trauma Centers/statistics & numerical data, acute subdural hematoma, neurosurgery, practice variation, traumatic brain injury, Monitoring, Physiologic, Neurology & Neurosurgery, Science & Technology, ACUTE SUBDURAL HEMATOMAS, business.industry, 3112 Neurosciences, 1103 Clinical Sciences, medicine.disease, nervous system diseases, Neurosurgeons, Emergency medicine, MODERATE, Neurology (clinical), Human medicine, Neurosciences & Neurology, business, 1109 Neurosciences, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

Background Neurosurgical management of traumatic brain injury (TBI) is challenging, with only low-quality evidence. We aimed to explore differences in neurosurgical strategies for TBI across Europe. Methods A survey was sent to 68 centers participating in the Collaborative European Neurotrauma Effectiveness Research in Traumatic Brain Injury (CENTER-TBI) study. The questionnaire contained 21 questions, including the decision when to operate (or not) on traumatic acute subdural hematoma (ASDH) and intracerebral hematoma (ICH), and when to perform a decompressive craniectomy (DC) in raised intracranial pressure (ICP). Results The survey was completed by 68 centers (100%). On average, 10 neurosurgeons work in each trauma center. In all centers, a neurosurgeon was available within 30 min. Forty percent of responders reported a thickness or volume threshold for evacuation of an ASDH. Most responders (78%) decide on a primary DC in evacuating an ASDH during the operation, when swelling is present. For ICH, 3% would perform an evacuation directly to prevent secondary deterioration and 66% only in case of clinical deterioration. Most respondents (91%) reported to consider a DC for refractory high ICP. The reported cut-off ICP for DC in refractory high ICP, however, differed: 60% uses 25 mmHg, 18% 30 mmHg, and 17% 20 mmHg. Treatment strategies varied substantially between regions, specifically for the threshold for ASDH surgery and DC for refractory raised ICP. Also within center variation was present: 31% reported variation within the hospital for inserting an ICP monitor and 43% for evacuating mass lesions. Conclusion Despite a homogeneous organization, considerable practice variation exists of neurosurgical strategies for TBI in Europe. These results provide an incentive for comparative effectiveness research to determine elements of effective neurosurgical care. © The Author(s) 2018 This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made.

Published
2019

41. Whales and Men: genetic inferences uncover a detailed history of hunting in bowhead whale

Author

Thierry B. Hoareau

Subjects
education.field_of_study, Effective size, biology, Population size, Bowhead whale, Population, Climate change, biology.organism_classification, The arctic, Fishery, Geography, Population growth, Whaling, education
Abstract

After millennia of hunting and a population collapse, it is still challenging to understand the genetic consequences of whaling on the circumarctic bowhead whale. Here I use published modern mtDNA sequences from the Bering-Chukchi-Beaufort population and a new time calibration to show that late–glacial climate changes and whaling have been the major drivers of population change. Cultures that hunted in the Arctic Seas from as early as 5000 years ago appear to be responsible for successive declines of the population growth, bringing the effective size down to 38% of its pristine population size. The Thules and the Basques (year 1000–1730) who only hunted in the North Atlantic had a major impact on this North Pacific population, indicating that bowhead whale stocks respond to harvesting as a single population unit. Recent positive growth is inferred only after the end of commercial whaling in 1915, and for levels of harvesting that are close to the current annual quota of 67 whales. By unfolding the population history of the bowhead whale, I provide compelling evidence that mtDNA yields critical yet undervalued information for management and conservation of natural populations.

Published
2020
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42. Chimpanzee (Pan troglodytes) anticipation of food return: coping with waiting time in an exchange task

Author

Dufour, V., Sterck, E.H.M., Pele, M., and Thierry, B.

Subjects
Chimpanzees -- Behavior, Chimpanzees -- Research, Delayed gratification -- Psychological aspects, Delayed gratification -- Research, Altruistic behavior in animals -- Research, Psychology and mental health
Abstract

Despite controversial expectations that animals achieve reciprocal altruism, it is unclear if nonhuman species possess the necessary cognitive abilities. For reciprocal altruism, individuals must anticipate the loss of a commodity and accept a delay before some return. The authors investigated the abilities of 5 chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) to cope with increasing waiting duration in exchange tasks. Subjects had to keep a small cookie before returning it to a human partner to obtain a larger piece. For a piece 2, 4, or 8 times the size of the small piece, 3 of the 5 subjects waited for up to 4 min. For a piece 40 times larger, 4 of the 5 subjects waited up to 8 min. At long time lag, renouncement to wait occurred earlier than predicted by subjects' general waiting capacity, suggesting that the decision to wait was based on a trade-off between reward quantity and expected costs of the waiting duration. Chimpanzees could anticipate a delayed reward at a time scale of several minutes. If this reflects a cognitive limit in chimpanzees' anticipation capacity, reciprocal altruism by keeping track of costs and benefits over extended periods may be unlikely in chimpanzees. Keywords: reciprocal altruism, delayed gratification, exchange, anticipation, chimpanzee

Published
2007

44. Following and joining the informed individual in semifree-ranging Tonkean macaques (Macaca tonkeana)

Author

Ducoing, A.M. and Thierry, B.

Subjects
Monkeys -- Psychological aspects, Macaques -- Psychological aspects, Animal psychology, Psychology and mental health
Abstract

The authors investigated whether Tonkean macaques (Macaca tonkeana) can distinguish between 2 group mates with different knowledge and improve their foraging performance. The subjects were 8 young individuals belonging to a group raised in a 2-acre park. The authors carried out 192 tests in which subgroups of 3 individuals were released in a food search situation. Two leaders could be informed about 2 different food sites. A naive follower could choose to follow 1 leader or another. The follower could find the correct site when 1 leader was informed about food location. There was no evidence that the follower identified the best leader, however. The less well-informed leader generally joined the other leader, prompting the follower to follow them. The followers' pathways were mainly determined by the interactions of leaders.

Published
2004

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