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This article discusses a case of widespread sebaceous hyperplasia on the face of a kidney transplant recipient after starting everolimus treatment. Sebaceous hyperplasia is a benign neoplasm of sebaceous glands that presents as yellow-colored papules on the face. The patient developed these lesions one month after starting everolimus and they gradually increased in size and number. While sebaceous hyperplasia is usually asymptomatic and does not require treatment, it has been associated with certain medications used in organ transplant patients. This case adds to the literature on the association between medications and sebaceous hyperplasia in kidney transplant recipients. [Extracted from the article]

High serum uric acid levels have been associated with psoriasis as well as cardiovascular diseases and metabolic syndrome. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of biologic agent treatment on serum uric acid levels in patients with psoriasis. Between April 2019 and September 2022, serum uric acid levels were retrospectively evaluated in patients with psoriasis before and 3 months after biologic agent treatment. This study included 224 patients, 100 females and 124 males, who were treated with TNF-α, IL-17, IL-12/23, and IL-23 inhibitors. Uric acid levels were significantly higher in men compared to women (p < 0.001), higher in overweight and obese patients compared to those with normal weight (p = 0.004), and higher in patients with severe versus mild psoriasis (p = 0.028). The mean serum uric acid level decreased significantly from 5.89 ± 1.53 mg/dL to 5.41 ± 1.39 mg/dL in all patients 3 months after biological agent treatment (p < 0.001). A statistically significant decrease in serum uric acid levels was detected in patients treated with adalimumab (p < 0.001), infliximab (p = 0.002), ixekizumab (p = 0.001), secukinumab (p = 0.012), and ustekinumab (p < 0.001). Since high serum uric acid levels have been associated with increased risk for cardiovascular diseases and metabolic syndrome, treatment of psoriasis with adalimumab, infliximab, ixekizumab, secukinumab, and ustekinumab may have a positive impact on cardiometabolic comorbidities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Pruritus, which is the most frequent subjective symptom of psoriasis, may cause significant discomfort, embarrassment and even interfere with patients normal daily activities. However, the perception of itch in various psoriasis subtypes remains unknown. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate and to characterize pruritus in different clinical variants of psoriasis. Methods: This cross-sectional, binational, multicentre study included 295 subjects suffering from nine different clinical subtypes of psoriasis: large-plaque psoriasis (n = 45), nummular psoriasis (n = 32), guttate psoriasis (n = 31), scalp psoriasis (n = 32), inverse psoriasis (n = 23), erythrodermic psoriasis (n = 33), palmoplantar psoriasis vulgaris (n = 33), palmoplantar pustular psoriasis (n = 42) and generalized pustular psoriasis (n = 23). Measures included sociodemographic and anthropometric data, detailed pruritus characteristics including but not limited to pruritus intensity, frequency and extend, as well as psoriasis severity. Results: The lifetime prevalence of pruritus in each clinical variant of psoriasis was similar and quite high, reaching up to 100% in some disease subtypes (i.e., nummu)lar psoriasis, scalp psoriasis and generalized pustular psoriasis). Psoriasis severity correlated with pruritus intensity in scalp psoriasis, palmoplantar pustular psoriasis and generalized pustular psoriasis. The age, duration of psoriasis and BMI did not interfere with the intensity of itch. Conclusions: Pruritus is highly prevalent in each clinical variant of psoriasis. However, the sensation of itch is very individual, difficult to universally describe even in the same subtype. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This document is a letter to the editor discussing a case study of a 32-year-old female patient with psoriasis and multiple sclerosis who developed both generalized and patch granuloma annulare after treatment with fingolimod. Granuloma annulare is an inflammatory cutaneous disorder that can present in various forms and has been associated with diabetes, hyperlipidemia, malignancy, infections, and certain medications. The patient in this case had a family history of psoriasis and was treated with topical medications before starting fingolimod. The authors suggest that T lymphocytes may play a role in the development of fingolimod-induced granuloma annulare, and this case contributes to the literature on this rare topic. [Extracted from the article]

Byline: Funda. Tamer, Mehmet. Yuksel Sir, A 38-year-old female patient with breast cancer presented with itchy rash on the arms and feet and painful erythema on both palms and soles. [...]

Background: Quality of life (QoL) and sleep, which are essential for well-being in the mental, physical, and socioeconomic domains, are impaired in psoriatic patients. However, the exact role of the clinical subtype of psoriasis in this aspect remains poorly studied. Objectives: The aim of this study was to investigate differences in QoL impairment and sleeping problems in patients suffering from various clinical subtypes of psoriasis and to evaluate the effects of pruritus on QoL. Methods: This cross-sectional, multicenter study included 295 eligible subjects with diagnosed psoriasis. Each patient was examined with the use of the same questionnaire. Measures included predominant subtype of psoriasis, disease severity, pruritus scores, patients' health-related QoL and the incidence of sleep disturbance. Results: The QoL of most patients was decreased irrespectively of clinical psoriasis subtype, however, the most impaired QoL was in patients with erythrodermic psoriasis. The majority of patients reported sleep disturbances caused by pruritus, albeit there was no relevant differences between analyzed subgroups in this aspect of patients' well-being. Pruritus was an important factor determining QoL and sleeping problems in the studied population. Conclusions: Identifying the most disturbing area of life and recognizing the most bothersome subjective symptoms of psoriasis are pivotal to focusing on the most relevant treatment goal and achieving therapeutic success. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Gazi Medical Journal is the property of Galenos Yayinevi Tic. LTD. STI and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Byline: Funda. Tamer, Mehmet. Yuksel Sir, A 16-year-old girl and her 2-year-old brother presented for clinical evaluation of long eyeleshes. The increased eyelash growth had been present since birth in [...]

Dear Editor, Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines may lead to onset or exacerbation of inflammatory skin disorders such as lichen planus, psoriasis, and bullous pemphigoid. Lichen planus pigmentosus inversus with nail involvement following COVID-19 vaccination: A case report However, association between COVID-19 vaccines and immune-mediated skin disorders remains unknown.1 Herein, we present a patient who developed lichen planus pigmentosus inversus (LPPI) with nail involvement following the administration of Pfizer-BioNTech COVID-19 vaccine. [Extracted from the article]

Copyright of Acibadem Saglik Bilimleri Dergisi is the property of Acibadem University Medical School and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Acibadem Saglik Bilimleri Dergisi is the property of Acibadem University Medical School and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Aim: Dermatological diseases of the feet may be hereditary, inflammatory, infectious or malignant. The patients may be primarily evaluated by general surgeons, orthopedists, primary care physicians and podiatrists. Moreover, foot health centers are becoming increasingly popular. Therefore, we aimed to determine the most common skin disorders affecting the feet to guide the physicians in managing of skin-related foot disorders. Material and Methods: Between March 2017 and March 2019, 634 patients (55.5% female, 44.5% male) with skin disorders affecting feet were included in this study. The patients were evaluated in three groups according to the age including younger than 18, between the age of 18-65, and older than 65. Results: The most common disease group and skin disease observed in all patients were infections 272 (42.9%) and onychomycosis 106 (16.7%), respectively. Onychomycosis was followed by ingrown nail 67 (10.6%), tinea pedis 56 (8.8%) and warts 53 (8.4%). The most common disease group and skin disease were infections 18 (34.6%) and ingrown nail 17 (32.7%) in patients younger than 18, and infections 199 (45%) and onychomycosis 76 (17.2%) in patients aged 18-65. Similarly, infections 55 (39.3%) and onychomycosis 27 (19.3%) were the most common disorders observed in patients older than 65. Conclusion: This study revealed that the most common skin diseases affecting feet were onychomycosis, ingrown nail, tinea pedis and warts. However, frequency of these disorders varied depending on age. These results will guide the physicians in making diagnosis, differential diagnosis or referring the patients to a specialist when needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Omalizumab is a monoclonal anti-IgE antibody used to treat patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria by decreasing free IgE levels. Omalizumab may have an anti-inflammatory effect by inhibiting T-cell activation and inducing eosinophil apoptosis. In this study, we evaluated the effect of omalizumab on hematological parameters and inflammation biomarkers in patients with chronic spontaneous urticaria. Between July 2018 and November 2019, medical records of 60 patients (44 female, 16 male) with chronic spontaneous urticaria who were treated with omalizumab were reviewed retrospectively. Hematological parameters and inflammation biomarkers including the neutrophil/lymphocyte, monocyte/lymphocyte, platelet/lymphocyte and mean platelet volume/platelet count ratios were compared before and after 12 weeks of omalizumab treatment. The absolute count of basophils and percentage of basophils increased significantly after omalizumab treatment (p = 0.04, p = 0.004). The absolute count of eosinophils, percentage of eosinophils, neutrophil/lymphocyte, monocyte/lymphocyte, and mean platelet volume/platelet ratios decreased, while platelet/lymphocyte ratio increased after omalizumab treatment. Nevertheless, these changes were not statistically significant. Increased basophil counts suggest that omalizumab has a crucial effect through basophils in chronic spontaneous urticaria. Further studies focussing on basophils may contribute to the literature both to elucidate the etiopathogenesis of urticaria and to improve novel treatment agents for the disease. On the other hand, our study revealed that omalizumab did not have a distinct effect on complete blood count-derived inflammation biomarkers and thus inflammation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim To assess C-reactive protein to albumin ratio (CAR) before and after treatment with biological agents in patients with psoriasis to determine whether CAR can be used as an inflammation biomarker. Methods Medical records of patients with psoriasis treated with biological agents at the Department of Dermatology, Gazi University Hospital were retrospectively evaluated between June 2018 and August 2019. The patients were divided into four groups based on the type of treatment (adalimumab, ustekinumab, infliximab, secukinumab). CAR was evaluated before and three months after treatment. Results The study enrolled 157 patients with psoriasis vulgaris (91 male) aged between 18 and 85. CAR significantly decreased in all treatment groups (adalimumab group P < 0.001; ustekinumab P = 0.006; infliximab P = 0.007; secukinumab P < 0.001). The most prominent decrease in CAR was observed in patients treated with secukinumab (median CAR before treatment 1.52 [1.01-3.04] and after treatment 0.84 [0.62-0.99]). Conclusion CAR may be a good indicator of systemic inflammation in psoriasis patients treated with biological agents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Psoriasis may lead to subsequent colorectal cancer, since chronic systemic inflammation is the common etiologic factor in both psoriasis and colorectal cancer. It is a matter of dispute whether biological agents used in the treatment of psoriasis cause predisposition to colorectal cancer as a result of their immunosuppressive effect. Medical records of psoriasis patients who underwent colonoscopy before biological agents were reviewed. Colonoscopy was performed in all patients who were aged 50 years and older and in patients younger than 50, if they had positive fecal occult blood test results. The study included 95 patients between the age of 34 to 84. Colonoscopy results revealed tubular adenoma in 16 (16.8%) patients, hyperplastic polyps in 7 (7.4%) patients, villous adenoma in 1 (1.1%) patient, and tubulovillous adenoma in 1 (1.1%) patient. Two patients were diagnosed with colon cancer detected by a former colonoscopy, which was recommended by their dermatologist before the biological agent treatment plan. These results revealed that adenomatous polyps which can evolve to colon adenocarcinoma were the most frequent polyp type in patients with psoriasis. We suggest that routine colonoscopy should be performed before the initiation of biological therapy in psoriasis patients who are aged 50 years old and over. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Various factors like physiological and emotional stress, drugs and nutritional deficiencies can result in hair loss. Results of laboratory tests examining the underlying aetiology of hair loss vary in patients. Aim: We aimed to compare the serum levels of ferritin, folate, vitamin B12, zinc, thyroid stimulating hormone and vitamin D in patients complaining of diffuse hair loss and in healthy individuals. Material and methods: Fifty-four patients with hair loss (47 females, 7 males) and 55 healthy individuals within the control group (47 females, 8 males) were included in this study. Serum levels of ferritin, folate, vitamin B12, zinc, thyroid stimulating hormone and 25-hydroxyvitamin D were evaluated in all participants retrospectively. Results: Serum concentrations of folate, vitamin B12, zinc and thyroid stimulating hormone were similar in the two groups. However, the mean serum ferritin and 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels were significantly lower in patients with hair loss than in healthy individuals. The mean serum ferritin levels of the patients and healthy individuals were 14.72 ±10.70 ng/ml and 25.30 ±14.41 ng/ml, respectively. The mean serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels of the patients and healthy individuals were 14.03 ±8.09 ng/ml and 17.01 ±8.59 ng/ml, respectively. Eleven (20.4%) patients had low serum ferritin levels, while 43 (79.6%) patients had low vitamin D levels. Conclusions: The results obtained from this study reveal that serum ferritin and 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels are generally low in patients complaining of hair loss. Therefore, serum ferritin and vitamin D levels should be evaluated and supplemented prior to treatment in all patients complaining of diffuse hair loss. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: Scabies is a contagious parasitic skin disorder, which is characterized by severe pruritus. Scabies usually presents with papules and excoriations on hands, feet, axillae, umbilicus and genitalia. Recently, both increased prevalence of the disease and resistance to anti-scabies treatment have been reported. Therefore, early diagnosis and appropriate treatment of scabies are crucial. The aim of this study was to evaluate the characteristics of patients with scabies and treatments that the patients received in order to provide successful management of scabies. Material and Methods: Medical records of the patients who were diagnosed with scabies between June 2019 and February 2020 were reviewed retrospectively. Age, gender, disease duration, similar symptoms in household members, dermatological examination, prior treatments and treatments that we recommended were recorded. Results: The study included 74 patients (39 female, 35 male) with scabies. The mean age of the patients was 40.6±16.7 years. The mean disease duration was 53.5±5.5 days. Pruritus was observed in the household members of 37 (50%) patients. 18 (24.3%) patients received only symptomatic treatment since they were diagnosed as other pruritic dermatoses including xerosis or dermatitis, previously. However, we treated 58 (78.4%) patients using topical permethrin 5%. In addition, 4 (5.4%) patients were treated with topical sulfur 12.5% and 3 (4.1%) patients were treated with balsam of Peru. 9 (12.2%) patients who were resistant to topical treatment received oral ivermectin for complete cure of scabies. Conclusion: The results indicated that most of the patients with scabies (78.4%) were treated with topical permethrin successfully, whereas 12.2% patients required oral ivermectin in addition to topical anti-scabies treatment. Nevertheless, delay in diagnosis of 24.3% patients might increase the risk of spread of scabies. Therefore, we recommend topical permethrin, oral ivermectin and immediate further clinical and laboratory evaluation for indeterminate cases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim To compare the serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D, ferritin, folate, vitamin B12, zinc, and thyroid stimulating hormone between patients with warts and healthy individuals. Methods This retrospective study enrolled 40 patients with warts and 40 healthy individuals treated at the Ufuk University Hospital, Ankara, between July and December 2017. Serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D, ferritin, folate, vitamin B12, zinc, and thyroid stimulating hormone status were evaluated retrospectively. Results Participants with and without warts had similar mean serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D, ferritin, folate, zinc, and thyroid stimulating hormone levels. However, patients with warts had significantly lower mean serum vitamin B12 level (P = 0.010). Patients with warts non-significantly more frequently had decreased serum levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D, ferritin, and folate (P = 0.330, P = 0.200, P = 0.070, respectively). Conclusion Patients with warts may require evaluation of serum levels of vitamin B12, folate, ferritin, and vitamin D. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Genital warts are manifestations of a disease caused by human papillomavirus. Genital warts usually present as multiple, asymmetric, polymorphic papular lesions on the anogenital skin and mucous membranes. Patients with genital warts may have coexisting sexually transmitted diseases. Appropriate screening is crucial to prevent the spread of these infections for public health. Materials and Methods: The study included 20 patients with anogenital warts and 20 healthy individuals within the control group. Laboratory tests including serum levels of hepatitis B surface antigen, antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen, hepatitis C antibody, anti human immunodeficiency virus antibody, herpes simplex virus type-1 IgG and herpes simplex virus type-2 IgG were evaluated in each participant. Venereal Disease Research Laboratory test was also evaluated in the patient group. Results: Serum levels of hepatitis B surface antigen, hepatitis C antibody and anti human immunodeficiency virus antibody were negative in all patients and healthy individuals. Serum levels of antibody to hepatitis B surface antigen were positive in 15(75%) patients and in 14(70%) healthy individuals (p=1). Venereal Disease Research Laboratory test was non-reactive in all patients with anogenital warts. Serum herpes simplex virus type-1 IgG levels were positive in 14(70%) patients and in 11(55%) healthy individuals (p=0.51). Serum herpes simplex virus type-2 IgG levels were positive in 4(20%) patients while all the healthy individuals had negative serum herpes simplex virus type-2 IgG levels (p=0.03). Conclusions: Positive serum herpes simplex virus type-2 IgG levels were significantly more frequent in patients with anogenital warts compared to healthy individuals. Therefore, we suggest that all the patients with anogenital warts should be tested for genital herpes. Hereby, the preliminary results of laboratory tests for the evaluation of patients with anogenital warts have been reported. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Recurrent aphthous stomatitis is the most common ulcerative disease of the oral mucosa. Several predisposing factors like oral microbial flora, stress, viral infections, vitamin and mineral deficiencies have been associated with the disease. However, the etiopathogenesis of recurrent aphthous stomatitis remains unknown. Material and Methods: The study included 20 patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis and 20 healthy individuals within the control group. Complete blood count, serum levels of ferritin, folate, vitamin B12, zinc, 25-hydroxyvitamin D, herpes simplex virus type-1 IgG and herpes simplex virus type-2 IgG were evaluated in each participant. Results: White blood cell count, platelet count, mean platelet volume, mean serum levels of hemoglobin, folate, vitamin B12 and zinc were statistically similar in patients and healthy individuals. However, the mean serum ferritin level was significantly lower in patients (26.5±25.5 ng/mL) compared to healthy individuals (42±30 ng/mL) (p=0.04). The mean serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D level was significantly lower in patients (13.6±6.5 ng/mL) compared to healthy individuals (20.9±10 ng/mL) (p=0.01). No significant difference has been observed between two groups in the frequency of positive serum herpes simplex virus type-1 IgG and herpes simplex virus type-2 IgG levels. Conclusions: No association has been observed between recurrent aphthous stomatitis and white blood cell count, mean platelet volume, serum levels of hemoglobin, folate, vitamin B12, zinc, herpes simplex virus type-1 IgG and herpes simplex virus type-2 IgG. However, decreased serum levels of ferritin and 25-hydroxyvitamin D were more prevalent in patients with recurrent aphthous stomatitis compared to healthy individuals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Pruritus is an unpleasant sensation which can decrease the patient's quality of life by leading to anxiety and sleep disturbances. Pruritus can present due to various dermatological and systemic diseases like eczema, xerosis, diabetes mellitus, cholestasis and uremia. However, no etiologic factor can be detected in some patients. Idiopathic generalized pruritus is used to describe pruritus without any underlying dermatosis or systemic disorders. Skin prick test is used for the evaluation of patients with generalized pruritus to determine the causative agent. Material and Methods: The skin prick test results of the patients with idiopathic generalized pruritus who were admitted to dermatology outpatient clinic between April 2017 and May 2018 were reviewed retrospectively. Results: This study included 18 patients (12 female, 6 male) with idiopathic generalized pruritus. The mean age of the patients was 38.5. The mean disease duration was 3.4 years. Eleven (61.1%) patients had at least one positive reaction to skin prick testing. However, 7 (38.9%) patients did not react to any allergens. The most common allergies were to trees mixture and Aspergillus mix. Conclusions: Skin prick testing can be helpful in the management of patients with idiopathic generalized pruritus. Hereby, the most common allergens were detected as trees mixture and Aspergillus mix. However, a larger sample size is needed to characterize the most common allergens in Turkish patients with idiopathic generalized pruritus. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Seborrheic dermatitis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease that affects 1-10% of the general population. Malassezia yeasts, immune response and emotional stress have been implicated in the etiology of seborrheic dermatitis. However, the effect of diet on development of seborrheic dermatitis is still controversial. This study investigates the differences in the frequency of consumption of foods and food groups between patients with seborrheic dermatitis and healthy individuals. Material and Methods: Fifty-one patients with seborrheic dermatitis of the scalp (28 female, 23 male) and 50 healthy individuals within the control group (30 female, 20 male) have been included in this study. The mean age of the patients and control group were 30.6±11.4 years and 32.7±10.7 years, respectively (p=0.35). Dietary habits were evaluated by a questionnaire which includes frequency of intake of meat, processed meat, chicken, fish, egg, legume, milk, dairy products, fruit, vegetable, bread, tea, coffee, coke, fast food, sugar, pasta, rice, chocolate, cake, cookie and pie. The questionnaire included options like every day, 3-5 times a week, 1-2 times a week, twice a month, once a month and none. Results: The frequency of intake of foods in the questionnaire was simlar between patients and healthy individuals except for vegetables. Vegetable consumption was significantly more common among patients than healthy individuals (p=0.04). Conclusions: The results showed that dietary habits were not associated with increased risk of seborrheic dermatitis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Southern Clinics of Istanbul Eurasia is the property of KARE Publishing and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Onychomycosis is the fungal infection of nails which affects 5.5% of the general population. Etiologic agents include dermatophytes, non-dermatophyte molds, and yeasts. The infection usually occurs due to dermatophytes. However, non-dermatophyte molds and yeasts have an increasing role in the development of onychomycosis. Detecting causative agent is crucial for the appropriate therapy, as non-dermatophytic molds and yeasts are usually resistant to classical antifungal agents which are used in the treatment of onychomycosis. Hereby, we report a 39-year-old Caucasian male patient with onychomycosis of the great toenails caused by Aspergillus niger complex, Chaetomium globosum, Cladosporium species, Candida species, and onychomycosis of the left thumbnail due to Aspergillus niger, Chaetomium globosum, Cladosporium species and Candida lambica. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An inguinal hernia repair operation is a common procedure in general surgery. However, several other conditions such as inguinal lymphadenopathy, groin lipoma, spermatic-cord lipoma and sarcoma may have similar clinical findings with inguinal hernia. Preoperative diagnosis is crucial to make the appropriate treatment plan. An accurate preoperative diagnosis prevents both unnecessary operations and surgical complications. Radiological imaging techniques such as ultrasonography, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging should be considered in the differential diagnosis of inguinal masses. Hereby, we present a 41-year-old Caucasian male patient with a giant lipoma in the right groin which mimicked an inguinal hernia. Preoperative ultrasound imaging helped us to make an initial diagnosis of lipoma which was subsequently confirmed by histopathological examination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Congenital nevus is a melanocytic proliferation that is present at birth. When the diameter of a congenital melanocytic nevus is 20 cm or greater, it is called giant congenital melanocytic nevus. A giant congenital melanocytic nevus harbors the risk of malignant transformation. Moreover, the risk of malignant transformation increases with increasing lesion size. Furthermore, various abnormalities like scoliosis, spina bifida, atrophy and asymmetry of extremities can coexist with congenital nevi. Hereby, we present a 4-year-old Caucasian female child with a giant congenital melanocytic nevus on her trunk associated with postural asymmetry. The lesion depicted here had a characteristic clinical appearance, however the surface of the nevus had verrucous and hairy areas despite the patient's young age. The patient was evaluated for clinical signs of possible malignant changes, and regular dermatoscopic follow-up was recommended. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Tinea incognito is a dermatophyte infection with altered clinical appearance which is usually caused by the use of immunosuppressive agents such as topical corticosteroids. Hereby, we present a 59-year-old Caucasian male patient with tinea manuum on the dorsum of his left hand. The lesion was formerly misdiagnosed as psoriasis vulgaris and treated with topical corticosteroids. However, the symptoms were worsened. Moreover, new papules and pustules appeared within the lesion. The past medical history was remarkable for psoriasis vulgaris and he had an erythematous and squamous plaque on his lower back resembling psoriasis vulgaris. In order to reach a definitive diagnosis, the skin lesion on the dorsum of the patient's left hand was examined by light microscopy after the application of 10% potassium hydroxide solution. Detection of septate hyphae confirmed dermatophytosis. The lesion was completely healed with oral terbinafine 250 mg daily for four weeks. Dermatophyte infections in early stages may be misdiagnosed as psoriasis vulgaris and thus, prolonged use of corticosteroids can lead to tinea incognito. Therefore, cutaneous lesions unresponsive to topical corticosteroid treatment should be evaluated with microscopic examination and fungal culture to confirm a suspected dermatophyte infection. Past medical history can provide useful information but a complete dermatological examination should be performed before the final diagnosis is made. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Familial multiple lipomatosis and familial multiple angiolipomatosis are both rare and autosomal-dominantly inherited diseases. Familial multiple lipomatosis is characterized by multiple lipomas on the trunk and extremities, while familial multiple angiolipomatosis presents with multiple angiolipomas. Hereby, we present a 50-year-old Caucasian male patient with both multiple lipomas and angiolipomas on his trunk, arms and thighs with a family history of similar subcutaneous lesions. As multiple lipomas and angiolipomas coexist in the same patient, we suggest that this condition should be nominated as a distinct entity rather than a traditional familial multiple lipomatosis case. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sebaceous carcinoma is an uncommon malign tumor arising from sebaceous glands. Sebaceous carcinoma typically occurs on the eyelid as a slow growing, pink-yellow, painless subcutaneous papule or nodule. Although it is rare, sebaceous carcinoma can also be seen on head, neck, trunk, extremities, breasts, oral mucosa and external genitalia. Sebaceous carcinoma is a locally aggressive tumor, moreover it can metastasize to regional lymph nodes and distant organs. Hereby, we report a 91-year-old Caucasian female with sebaceous carcinoma on the forehead. The extraocular 1,9 cm large sebaceous carcinoma on the forehead was removed surgically with wide local excision under local anesthesia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]