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Education has been identified as one of the most important ways to achieve national development. With 3 million non-literate adults in Lagos State, the commercial nerve center of the nation, radio becomes a veritable medium to teach such adults who, for several reasons including economic, do not have the opportunity of formal schooling. The study assessed the effectiveness of educational radio broadcasting for adult literacy in Lagos State, Nigeria. Five hundred and five (505) adult learners participating in Lagos is Learning Project were purposively selected. Findings showed that a majority (62.4%) of the study participants used the instructional radio program, "Mooko Mooka," to prepare for classroom instruction, while 53.5% of the study participants used the program for revision. Findings also revealed that 40.6% of them listened to the program three times per week and this implied that frequency of exposure could influence literacy skill. The study concluded that radio instructional techniques were effective in promoting adult literacy and therefore recommended that the radio listening sessions should be increased as part of efforts to reduce adult illiteracy in the country. Also, community media centers should be created in different communities to encourage group listening where learners can be supervised.

The goal of this study was to examine the effect of interactive radio instruction (IRI) in improving the literacy skills of out-of-school children in IDP camps in Nigeria. The study was a quasi-experiment involving 470 children who were out of school at the time of the study. The indices for measuring literacy skills included phonological skills, letter knowledge, oral comprehension and vocabulary skills. The result of the intervention showed that although all the children scored low regarding their literacy skills at pre-intervention, participants in the IRI group reported a significant improvement in their literacy skills after the intervention. A follow-up assessment was carried out after twelve months and the result showed stability in the literacy skills of participants in the IRI group while those in the control group did not improve in their literacy skills over time. Comparatively, IRI was found to be more efficient in improving literacy skills than a face-to-face learning environment. The implications of these results on learning have been highlighted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this study was to examine the contributing role of socio-economic status on adherence to directives from the Indigenous People of Biafra (IPOB) separatist group. A descriptive survey was used for the study, while 325 participants were sampled using the respondents' chain referral sampling technique. The study showed that socio-economic factors such as income, education and employment status contribute 35.5% to determine compliance with IPOB directives. The results of the multiple regression analysis achieved a statistical significance, R 2 = 0.355, p = 0.001, F (3,310) = 51.524. Finally, we explored the implication of these results on Integrated Separatist Agitation Theory and highlighted the scholarly and practical implications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examined the influence of radio messages on the awareness and adoption of malaria preventive measures among rural dwellers in South-west Nigeria. The study investigated the participants' frequency of exposure to radio messages on malaria preventive measures, message adoption, and attitudes towards adopting measures. We used a multiple-stage sampling technique to select 48 participants from Aye North, Orile-Oshodi, Ofada, Owobaale/kasumu, Isale Oba II, and Ilepa II. The findings showed that the participants were exposed to messages on malaria preventive measures through radio broadcasts; however, exposure did not necessarily influence message adoption. Instead, a positive attitude towards the message influenced adoption. The study concluded that there is a need for radio stations to engage people's participation daily in health-related issues to achieve the desired change in health behaviour. The authors recommend that radio stations provide time to create daily health messages that influence people's engagement to achieve the desired change in health behaviour. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study examined the influence of COVID-19 protocol messages on the patronage of hand sanitiser among undergraduate students to assess the effectiveness of COVID-19 messages on brands. Undergraduates in Nigerian universities are the target of advertisers for new products such as consumables, creams, and cosmetics due to their active presence on social media. The work is anchored on social marketing theory, while the study adopted a survey research method. The researchers used the Taro Yamane form to sample 386 students. The Kruskal-Wallis Rank Test and regression analysis were employed in the inferential analysis to determine the influence of the COVID-19 protocol message on the patronage of hand sanitiser. The results showed that COVID-19 protocol messages were influential in patronising hand sanitiser during the pandemic. From the findings, the mean response value "1" shows a high level of awareness of COVID-19 protocol messages on the patronage of hand sanitiser, which aided in the patronage of hand sanitiser. The standard deviation shows "25.5%," which explains that opinion on COVID-19 message protocols on hand sanitiser slightly varies among respondents. Based on the study's findings, the researchers recommended that policymakers, government agencies, and other stakeholders responsible for disseminating COVID-19 messages develop a robust framework to capture the masses and curtail COVID-19 incidence while increasing the distribution of hand sanitisers. The research outcomes suggest that using social media to reach the younger generation is highly effective in Nigeria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to determine the impact of safety challenges on professional journalistic reporting of IPOB protests in Nigeria. A total of 400 Nigerian journalists who were covering IPOB activities were surveyed. Data were analysed using multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA), multivariate analysis of covariance (MANCOVA) and correlational analysis. The result of the study showed that journalists recovering IPOB activities in South East Nigeria faced safety challenges both online (verbal abuse, threat of attack, personal messages of harassment and reputational threats) and offline (physical attacks, harassment, damage to working devices) safety challenges. Additional results showed that women faced more safety challenges online than men, but men faced more offline safety challenges than women. Put together, women faced both online and offline safety challenges more than men. Also, journalists in private media outfits faced offline challenges than their counterparts in public media stations who faced more online safety challenges. Put together, journalists in private media stations faced more safety challenges than those in public media outfits. Safety challenges impact professional journalistic reporting in the area of routines, orientation and autonomy. Training was found to be an efficient way of assisting journalists to better handle risky assignments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Limited studies exist on the safety challenges that journalists face in reporting conflict related issues within their localities. This study extends literature in this direction by providing a model that explains the safety challenges that journalists faced in reporting the 2020 END SARS protests in Nigeria. The study is a survey of 470 journalists with questionnaire as the instrument for data collection. Results were analysed using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). It was found that legal limitations, lack of training on safety and absence of safety motivational measures constitute the safety challenges that journalists faced in reporting the ENDS SARS protests. This information could be beneficial for policy formulation and advocacy within the context of safety of journalists. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this study was to determine the impact of reduced collaboration in TV news production on job satisfaction and to explore the contributing effect of modern technologies on reduced collaboration in TV news production in Nigeria. The researchers utilized a descriptive survey research design with a structured questionnaire as the instrument for data collection. The data for the study were analyzed using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and a one-way multiple analysis of variance (MANOVA). The result of the study showed that reduced collaboration decreases job satisfaction. Also, modern technologies increase reduced collaboration. Further results showed that modern technologies have led to reduced collaboration in private TV stations more than federal and state TV stations. It was also found that the creative application of modern technologies will lead to increased collaboration and job satisfaction among TV stations in Nigeria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The goal of this study was to determine the effectiveness of interactive television instruction in improving the problem solving skills of out-of-school nomadic children in Northern Nigeria. The study was a quasi experiment involving 470 out-of-school nomadic children who were randomly assigned into treatment group (n = 235) and control group (n = 235). The researchers carried out the study by exposing the respondents in the treatment group to an interactive television content that was aimed at improving their problem solving skills such as problem identification, alternative generation, consequence prediction as well as implementation. It was found that although respondents in the control and treatment groups did not significantly differ in their mean scores on problem solving skills at baseline, they significantly differ after the treatment with the treatment group reporting a significant improving in their problem solving skills. The researchers discussed the findings of this study and highlighted both the theoretical and practical implications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this study was to ascertain the impact of social media-based dance therapy in reducing symptoms of depression among evacuees of the Russia–Ukraine war. The participants were randomly assigned to no dance therapy (n = 162) and social media-based dance therapy groups (n = 162). The dance therapy group took part in 12 sessions of dance therapy while the no dance therapy group did not receive any intervention. The result showed that before the dance therapy intervention, participants in both groups reported severe depression symptoms. After the intervention, participants in the dance therapy group dropped from severe depression to normal depression while those in the no dance therapy group dropped to major depression. During the follow-up assessment after 3 months, participants in the no dance therapy group reported moderate depression while those in the dance therapy group still maintained their normal depression classification with a drop in their depression score from 46 to 26. Overall, the result showed that there was a significant main effect of time and the depression score of the participants, F (1,304) 203.143, p = 0.001, eta = 0.401. No interactive effect of gender and the impact of the treatment on reduction in depression symptoms was detected, F (1,304) 3.232, p = 0.073. However, there was a significant main effect of treatment condition on depression symptoms, F (1,304) 495.023, p = 0.001. We highlighted the implication of these results on health promotion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although journalism practice exposes media workers to different levels of occupational hazards, research on the coping strategies is limited. This study made an effort to extend literature in this direction by providing a model that explains the coping strategies of Nigerian journalists who covered the 2020 ENDSARS protests in Nigeria. The researchers surveyed a total of 470 journalists who were sampled through a respondent-driven chain referral sampling technique. It was found that journalists who covered the protests faced occupational hazards such as physical attacks, disgrace, threats, trauma, anxiety as well as fear. The coping strategies were found to include seeking social support, selective appearance, self-censorship as well as self-motivation. It was further found that perceived behavioural control significantly moderates the implementation of coping strategies. The researchers explored the implications of these results on theory, practice and scholarship. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Available evidence on the demographic characteristics of social media users in Nigeria point to the fact that youth utilize social media platforms the most; available statistics also point to the fact that youth unemployment is a global problem. Despite these facts, limited studies have examined how social media platforms can be used to address the problem of youth unemployment through skill acquisition. In this study, we used variables from e-learning theory, theory of cognitive dissonance, and theory of planned behavior to explore the effectiveness of a social-media based intervention on youth knowledge of painting, fashion and design skills as well as perception about them as sources of income. We also examined predictors of youth intention toward painting, fashion and design as sources of income. We tested the effectiveness of our intervention on 470 (control group, n = 235; treatment group, n = 245). Our results showed that the experiment was effective because members of the treatment group reported better knowledge of painting, fashion and design skill, following the intervention, more positive perception of painting and fashion and design as sources of income, and positive intention toward painting, fashion and design. We made recommendations based on the results of the study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study tests the effectiveness of a music-based counselling intervention that was digitally recorded on 470 herdsmen in Nigeria. The study was a quasi-experiment with the questionnaire as the instrument for data collection. The result of the study showed that the intervention was effective because respondents in the treatment group scored higher regarding the acceptance of ranching, had more positive intention towards cattle ranching, and more readiness to address challenges that come with cattle ranching than their counterparts in the control group. The researchers highlighted the theoretical and practical implications of the results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study was to understand the impact of counselling in countering fake news-related COVID-19 vaccine. We conducted two separate experiments. In the first experiment, we exposed the treatment group to fake news on COVID-19 vaccine through a WhatsApp group chat while the control group was not. We then tested the effectiveness of such fake news on their perception. In our second experiment, we exposed the treatment group to a social media-based counselling intervention wherein we attempted to counter the earlier fake news on COVID-19 vaccine which they were exposed to. We found that respondents who were exposed to fake news reported greater negative perception about COVID-19 vaccine than their counterparts in the control group. We also we found that as a result of the counselling intervention, the respondents in the treatment group reported more positive perception regarding COVID-19 vaccine while their counterparts in the control group who were earlier exposed to fake news on COVID-19 did not significantly change their perception. This study has highlighted the importance of counselling in countering fake news within the context of health promotion. This approach is yet to receive significant attention in literature, especially from developing countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Literature on the predictors of health behaviour initiation, interruption, consistency and discontinuation is scarce. This study sought to fill this gap by suggesting a model that takes into account these variables. Using the structural equation modelling, we surveyed 470 social media users in Nigeria and found that perceived vulnerability, perceived seriousness; benefits to action, self-efficacy and cues to action significantly predict health behaviour initiation. Also, the predictors of health interruption were found to be perceived vulnerability, perceived seriousness, benefits to action, challenges to action and perceived realness. The predictors of health behaviour consistency were found to be perceived vulnerability, perceived seriousness, benefits to action, perceived realness, self-efficacy and cues to action. Finally, the predictors of health behaviour discontinuation were found to be perceived vulnerability, perceived seriousness, perception on realness, behaviour fatigue and behaviour discomfort. We explored the implication of these results on health promotion and made suggestions for further studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although progress has been made in examining different aspects of the conflict between farmers and herdsmen in Nigeria, literature is yet to focus on how to empower displaced persons of the conflict with knowledge and skills that will make them self-sufficient. In this study, we extended literature on the conflict by examining the effectiveness of a small group communication counselling intervention on knowledge and intention towards painting. We categorized the IDPs into 20 small groups made up of 9 persons and 14 smaller groups made up of 4 persons. Within the framework of human capital theory and theory of planned behaviour, we tested two hypotheses and found that though both the treatment and control groups did not significantly differ in their mean scores on knowledge and intention towards the painting skill before the treatment, they significantly differed after the treatment with the treatment group reporting better knowledge of painting skill and positive intentions towards it. We also found that the smaller group of four persons scored higher in knowledge of painting than the larger group with up to nine members. We highlighted the implications of these results on efforts aimed at improving the lives of displaced persons. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A natural disaster is inimical to human existence. As a result of natural disasters, humongous damages had been done both to human and natural resources across the globe. Though there are studies on natural disasters, none of them discuss newspaper reportage of the frequency of natural disaster vis-à-vis the nature of natural disaster. Hence, the need to conduct an empirical study on press reportage of natural disasters in Nigeria since the mass media is key to sensitising stakeholders on the desirability of preserving and sustaining natural and environmental resources. The study was anchored on the agenda-setting theory and adopted a content analysis method. The samples are was two Nigerian newspapers, The Punch and The Nation, which were randomly selected. The study revealed a high frequency of reportage on natural disasters. Out of the 293 editions studied, there were 256 stories on natural disasters. Also, the newspapers gave prominence to natural disaster stories as 18% of the stories appeared on the front page. The study recommended that Nigerian newspapers should do more editorials and feature stories on issues of national importance like natural disasters so as to sufficiently educate the citizenry on the prevention and management of natural disasters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There is a known fact that the public depends largely on the media for information. However, such information might not have been perceived rightly as sent by the media. Hence, the objective of this study is to examine the extent to which information on the coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic containment policy flows from the government to the public through the pages of newspapers. Aside from examining how these policies were framed, it seeks to also find out if Nigerians perceived the coverage by newspapers as relevant for them to comply with them. Adopting a descriptive methodological approach which systematically differs from most previous studies because substantial studies on the subject matter use qualitative methods. Findings reveal that Newspapers' framing of COVID-19 stories does not correlate with public adherence to the government's containment policy and the volume of newspaper coverage of COVID-19 stories does not correlate with public perception of the importance of the government containment policy on the disease. The study concluded that even though advancement in technology has given rise to the use of other media such as social media, the efficacy/potency and relevance of the newspaper cannot be brushed aside despite this advancement. It is, however, recommended that further studies should be conducted to examine the challenges faced by press through Key Informant Interview (KII) in the carrying coverage on the COVID-19 pandemic in other to strike balance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study explored how the different media in Nigeria report banditry currently ravaging some parts of the country. We sampled two newspapers and two television stations to articulate the study. The result showed, among others, that both TV and newspapers did not adequately set the agenda on the problem of banditry in Nigeria. Comparatively, newspapers did better than TV stations. We discussed these findings in the light of agenda-setting and made suggestions for further studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]