Search

In this study, heating was used to lower the viscosity of CPO to an acceptable level. 60°C was found to be the optimum heating temperature for CPO to ensure smooth flow in the fuel system, but heating further up to 100°C did not improve the engine performance. A comparison between CPO and diesel in terms of engine performance, combustion characteristics and emission showed that the brake specific fuel consumprion (bsfc) for CPO was 13% higher at 400 kPa brake mean effective pressure (bmep), and the highest bmep achieved was 13.5% lower. However, CPO fuel gave a brake thermal efficiency. Combustion analyses indicated that CPO combustion produced a 7% higher peak pressure, a 3.3-degree earlier ignition and an 11.6-degree longer burning duration, but a 26% lower peak heat release rate. After 500 hours of running CPO, performance and power of the engine dropped even while running with diesel. With a 26% higher bsfc and a 20% lowe maximum bmep. Visual inspection of the dismantled engine parts discovered heavy carbon deposits but normal wear. Overhaul of the engine restored the power and performance.

Biliary cystadenoma (BCA) is a rare neoplasm of the bile duct with malignant potential. We report a case of intrahepatic BCA with an unusual presentation of obstructive jaundice. Computed tomography scan of the abdomen revealed a dilated common bile duct and intrahepatic ducts with internal septa. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiography showed an oval filling defect in the bile duct causing the obstruction. At laparotomy, this proved to be a multiloculated mucinous polyp in the common bile duct, with its origin in the left intrahepatic duct, detected using intraoperative choledochoscopy. A left hemihepatectomy was performed, and histology confirmed intrahepatic mucinous BCA with mesenchymal stroma. The imaging process and surgical options for BCA are discussed.