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Exploration in search of the tomb of Sultan Suleiman I and the buildings around it in the vicinity of Szigetvár, Baranya county, southern Hungary, has been going on for some one hundred years and on a number of sites (on the banks of Almás stream, at St. Mary’s Church in Turbék). On the basis of newly discovered documents and map representations, the authors have carried out a reinterpretation of earlier known sources and have abstracted from these information appropriate for a renewed geographical identification of the site of the tomb. The results have been construed in a reconstructed end-17th-century landscape using geoinformation methods. Identification of the Ottoman settlement at Turbék, which can be associated with the construction of the Sultan’s türbe (tomb), was made possible through the collection of finds on the surface of the archaeological site at the Turbék vineyard, the increased intensity of finds and through geophysical examination. The little town was a unique settlement in occupied Hungary, standing between 1574 and 1692 as a symbol of the Islamic conquest of the region.

Road traffic is a sub-sector, which has implications for almost all economic activity through transportation, and directly affects the economy and social processes of a region or country. The conscious and sustainable accessibility of the capital and county seats is particularly important in terms of goods distribution, labour mobility and access to services. Necessary research was conducted using Google Maps’ 2022 summer data and Hansen‘s gravity model. The study identifies county seats that require development and facilitates the mapping of regional relationships between the capital and the county seats.

We present the clinical symptoms, pathologic lesions and diagnostic possibilities of the avian astrovirus-related mortality in a pheasant colony. In addition to enteritis in chicks, we also confirmed acute nephrosis. The genome section of the astrovirus was detected and verified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing. After sequencing the isolated genome section based on BLAST driver analysis (601-base pair-long) avian astrovirus has the same ORF-1b gene as turkey astrovirus 1 (TAstV1). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this publication various serum biochemistry and haematology parameters were determined from blood samples obtained from captive adult individuals of an exotic quail species, the mountain quail (Oreortyx pictus , Douglas, 1829). Venipuncture was performed in the second half of the breeding season from six roosters (males) and seven hens (females). During the examination, in addition to the haematological elements, basic parameters of serum enzyme levels, the products of protein metabolism, uric acid and the most important ions were monitored. The results are presented as a reference in future diagnostic tests for certain diseases. The blood parameters of the bird species examined in this study have not yet been published earlier. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper summarizes and provides and overview on the economic and social processes influencing and supporting the successful management of settlements, focusing on Hungary. The role of leadership and settlement management is inevitable in the everyday operation as well as in the definition and realization of development concepts and strategies. The basis of stable operation and development is the financial independency and stability, thus we need to call the attention on the importance of economic development functions of settlements as well as on the important role of mayors and leaders in the economic and spatial development. The approaches, the ideas as well as the way how the leaders think are all determining factors in development. Nowadays, settlement development and regional economic development raise such key issues that are also the main research questions in our paper, like „What does a good municipality/a good settlement look like? How can ‘good’ be described?” What are the main characteristics of a suitable leader in the case of settlements? It is known that there are no targeted trainings, courses for mayors/heads of municipalities to prepare them to be good leaders, there are no nationally or internationally acknowledged skills, competences that could be applied to select the most suitable leaders for the positions. Therefore, we believe that we must call the attention to this shortage and motivate the experts in public administration, the researchers and scientists, as well as trainers and coaches to cooperate and work on the solution. In this paper, through the dimension of leadership/management, we intend to discover the characteristics of successful community leaders and to focus on the importance of the activities of ‘local heroes’, who prove to have strong commitment to the development of settlements.

Diagnostic imaging techniques provide a new aspect of the ante‐mortem and post‐mortem diagnostics in fish medicine. Ultrasonography, computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can provide more information about the internal organs and pathognomic lesions. The authors used diagnostic imaging techniques to evaluate and describe the neoplastic malformation in a 3‐year‐old female rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). The fish was examined with Siemens Somatom Definition AS + CT scanner and Siemens Biograph mMR scanner. The animal was lethargic and showed anorectic signs and muscular dystrophy. During the post‐mortem investigation, histopathology and immunohistochemistry were also performed allowing us to identify the neoplasms. The results showed a large soft tissue mass in the first mid‐intestine segment, which proved to be an adenocarcinoma. This subsequently led to digestion problems and absorption disorders. Immunohistochemically, neoplastic cells of carcinoma revealed E‐cadherin and pancytokeratin positivity. This is the first study to report the use of MRI and CT for studying gastrointestinal adenocarcinoma in rainbow trout. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The demand side of populism has been in the scope of social scientists since the early 2010s. Since then, ample scholarly evidence has suggested that populist attitudes are strongly tied to the feeling of relative deprivation. Our study's focal point revolves around the above findings and focuses on Hungary, a country where populism flourishes. This study analyses the possible connections between the populist attitudes of Hungarian citizens and their feelings of relative deprivation using a representative sample (n = 994). Regression analyses revealed that relative deprivation is a significant predictor of populist attitudes in Hungary regardless of age, sex, and education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

From the perspective of the world-systems theory and post-colonial studies, the 1989 transition in Hungary was a part of the re-integration of former Soviet countries into an inferior position in the world system. The political-economic transition was in no sense a revolution, but a replacement of dictatorial/totalitarian state capitalism with neoliberal global capitalism. In this paper we will analyze how Hungary's semi-peripheral "catching-up revolution" consisted of stabilizing the neoliberal hegemony in education. As a result, one of the most decentralized, diverse, vertically, and horizontally stratified, and hence extremely selective education systems emerged from the gloomy Central-East European semi-periphery with exemplary diligence in conserving and reproducing social inequalities. Some 27 years after the transition, the teaching staff from Herman Ottó High School in Budapest wrote a public letter analyzing the problems of public education and criticizing the Hungarian government's interventions, which led to one of the country's biggest movements since the political-economic transition in 1989. To understand the conditions that led to these situations, wherein education under siege triggered the biggest protests since 1989, we will first describe how the Hungarian education system was affected by the political-economic transition. Second, we will point to a rupture in the post-socialist history of Hungary, namely the neoconservative interventions of Hungary's post-fascist, far-right government which has been in power since 2010. And lastly, we will try to place the teacher's movement (and, briefly, the pro-Central European University protests) in this post-socialist rhapsody by showing how they interweave with Hungary's forever lasting semi-peripheral catching-up revolution. In our conclusion we will try to propose a strategy drawing on Immanuel Wallerstein's idea of an anti-systemic Rainbow Coalition, by which new social and anti-systemic movements could organize their resistance more effectively.

Tanulmányunk azt kívánja megvizsgálni, hogy a lakosság, azaz a háztartások körében milyen tényezők befolyásolják a zöld beruházásokat, ezen belül pedig a napelem-telepítést. A vonatkozó nemzetközi szakirodalom vizsgálata során kiderült, hogy a hagyományos értelemben vett közgazdasági racionalitáson túl egyéb társadalmi (pl. nettó jövedelem, iskolázottság szintje, életkor), lakhatási (pl. családi ház, vidék), illetve attitűd jellegű tényezők (pl. környezettudatos szemlélet, imitációs hatás, presztízs) is hatnak az egyének beruházási döntésére. Ezután a lakossági energiafelhasználás szerkezetét mutatjuk be, mely jelentős mértékben behatárolhatja a lakosság napelemes fejlesztéseit. Végül a hazai háztartási méretű napelemek területi elhelyezkedésének aspektusait vizsgáltuk empirikus kutatás révén. Arra az eredményre jutottunk, hogy az egyes településeken elérhető jövedelem szignifikánsan befolyásolja a háztartási méretű napelemes darabszámok és kapacitások nagyságát: a jelentős mértékű telepítések ugyanis a jobb jövedelmi helyzettel bíró balatoni, budapesti, pécsi agglomerációban, valamint a nyugat-dunántúli térségben koncentrálódnak. Emellett azonban látható egy ún. kistelepülési effektus is, hiszen több esetben sorolódik a ranglista elejére egy-egy község. Ez egybecseng a nemzetközi tanulmányok megfigyeléseivel (ld. „peer” vagy imitációs effektusok), hiszen ez a hatás vélhetően egy-egy helyi innovátor vagy napelemes piaci szereplő befolyásának tudható be. További kutatás tárgyát képezheti, hogy a nemzetközi elemzésekben azonosított, közgazdasági racionalitáson túli faktorok miképpen befolyásolják hazánkban a háztartási napelemes telepítést. Ez ugyanis megalapozhatja az ambiciózus kormányzati célok eléréséhez alkalmazandó „puhább” szakpolitikai intézkedések bevezetését is (pl. nudge jellegű eszközök, szemléletformáló kampányok).

This paper focuses on a methodological question regarding a content analysis tool in populism studies, namely the explicit and implicit populism approach. The study argues that scholars adopting this approach need to conduct content analysis simultaneously on different coding unit lengths, because the ratio of explicit and implicit messages varies significantly between units such as single sentences and paragraphs. While an explicit populist message consists of at least one articulated dichotomy between the "good" people and the "harmful" others, implicit populism implies that only one of the core features of the populist style is present: either people-centrism or antagonism. Due to the often fractured and occasionally dichotomous nature of populist styles, this research revolves around the idea that the explicit and implicit populist content analysis method should be performed on coding units of different lengths, as these units can yield significantly different results in the detection of populist styles. Hybrid content and statistical analyses were operationalized to scrutinize to what extent explicit, implicit, or non-populist styles change in three coding unit types with diverging lengths. The outcome supports the following suggestion: Explicit and implicit populism demand scrutiny simultaneously on one narrow and one extended textual unit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In a research study among university students regarding technological change, equality and environmental sustainability, deep-seated dichotomies were found in the students’ mental images of the future. This study aims to present these dichotomies as well as propose explanations for them, adding to our understanding of what kind of behavioural barriers inhibit sustainability transformations. The results show that the interviewees truly struggle to decide if the world really is on fire regarding environmental change, if technology is capable of solving the situation, if inequality is truly a problem, and how they can relate to all this. The dichotomies that we found suggest that on the one hand, they find no comfort in the dominant techno-optimistic, eco-modernisation narratives and, on the other hand, they are not aware of any alternatives. The results underline the existence of psychological phenomena such as optimism bias or psychological distancing. In our paper, we also address whether dichotomous thinking poses a problem or whether we may have to accept that dichotomies can become the norm when contemplating the world in its increasing complexity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study introduces the current situation of electric vehicle technologies, the possibilities and possible directions of their market, as well as the economic and environmental aspects in the eastern region of the EU, with special regard to Hungary. Our calculations show that despite the higher costs of ownership, in the case of 7 years of use (among Hungarian conditions), the total cost of the Battery Electric Vehicles (BEV) is lower than that of the Internal Combustion Engine Vehicles (ICEV) in each of the four segments analysed. The purchasing power of the population in the eastern regions of the EU is clearly lower compared to the western regions, yet people in this region spend beyond their financial means on motorization. Despite its unfavourable position, Hungary is in a particularly advantageous position compared to other countries in the region per vehicle and per capita in terms of the spread of BEVs. In the long run, even taking higher prices into account, the use of electric cars, in general, has significant advantages from an economic point of view; lower maintenance costs and fuel prices (especially with increased use) make EVs more cost-effective overall. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Consumers are increasingly demanding traditional beverages such as wines that are obtained through innovative technologies and that use indigenous yeasts to preserve the concept of "terroir". The paper presents the study performed for the exploitation the microbial diversity in the Pietroasa wine region in Romania and to obtain autochthones yeasts biomass. Yeasts were isolated from grapes and must from Feteasca regala FR) and Cabernet Sauvignon (CS) varieties cultivated at the Pietroasa Viticulture and Vinification Research and Development Station. Five yeast isolates were selected and identified by the MALDI-TOF, these belonging to the S. cerevisiae and non-Saccharomyces genera. By using these yeast isolates, active dry biomass was obtained through fermentation on a substrate based on sterilised diluted must (from the Feteasca regala and Cabernet Sauvignon varieties), synthetic sterilised media, followed by freeze-drying. Subsequently, the active dry biomass was used to obtain wines, using two types of nutrients: ET (Energyvin Thiols) and NO (Nutristart® ORG). All studied yeast isolates showed a promising potential for obtaining white wine from Feteasca regala grapes and rosé wine from the Cabernet Sauvignon grapes variety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although the consumption of frogs in Hungary was not unknown before World War II, it never became popular, so capturing for this purpose was also low. By the late 1920s, there was more interest in living specimens of these amphibians from foreign research institutes. In contrast, more significant capturing for consumption has occurred since the late 1950s, when the collected animals were exported mainly to France, Switzerland, Italy and the former Federal Republic of Germany. In the 1960s, Hungary exported 100-130 000 kg of frogs to these countries several times a year, which meant that about 2-2.5 million individuals were captured annually. According to some sources, in the early 1970s, this amount reached 1 million kilograms. This activity mainly affected edible frogs (Pelophylax kl. esculentus), marsh frogs (Pelophylax ridibundus) and pool frogs (Pelophylax lessonae), which could easily be confused with edible frogs. The capture and export of frogs ended in 1974 when all Hungarian amphibian and reptile species became protected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simple Summary: The inclusion of plant-derived products, such as herbs or essential oils, in the feed can improve the production of animals. Moreover, these photogenic products can fight against parasites in an animal's digestive system. The scope of the present study was to observe the impact of a feed supplement containing carvacrol and limonene on the performance and parasitological status of sheep. The feed supplement exerted an advantageous effect on the metabolic processes of lactating ewes after 42 days of supplementation, while the average live weight and average daily weight gain of their twin suckling lambs increased by the termination of the study. In another experiment, fattening lambs fed the same supplement showed a decreased faecal egg count of gastrointestinal nematodes. Additionally, no differences in live weight, average daily gain, or mean number of Haemonchus contortus nematodes in the abomasum were observed. The results highlighted that carvacrol and limonene in the feed of lactating ewes effectively increased the weight gain of their twin suckling lambs, presumably due to the ewes' energy status improvement. At the same time, further studies are needed to elucidate the effects of carvacrol and limonene against gastrointestinal parasites. There is currently worldwide interest in phytogenic feed supplements (PFSs) because they can lead to improved animal production. The scope of the present study was to observe the impact of a feed supplement containing carvacrol (CAR) and limonene (LIM) on the performance and parasitological status of sheep. The feed supplement decreased the plasma levels of β-hydroxybutyrate (p < 0.001), triglycerides (p = 0.014), nonesterified fatty acids (p = 0.021), and fructosamine (p = 0.002) in lactating ewes after 42 days of supplementation, while the average live weight (p = 0.002) and average daily weight gain (p = 0.001) of their twin suckling lambs increased significantly by the end of the study. In another experiment, fattening lambs fed the same supplement showed a decrease in fecal egg number of gastrointestinal nematodes (p = 0.02) but no differences in live weight, average daily gain, or mean number of Haemonchus contortus nematodes in the abomasum. The results highlighted that the inclusion of carvacrol and limonene in the feed of lactating ewes effectively increased the weight gain of the suckling lambs, presumably due to the ewes' improved energy, but further studies are needed to elucidate the effects of carvacrol and limonene against gastrointestinal parasites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]