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The Saparan tradition is carried out every Safar month and is followed by village communities with differences. This research aims to determine the values of tolerance in the Saparan Tradition in Pondok Wonolelo Hamlet, Widodomartani, Ngemplak, Sleman. The type of research used by researchers is naturalistic qualitative. Data collection used was observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of the study show that the forms of tolerance values in the Saparan Tradition in Pondok Wonolelo Hamlet are 1) attitudes of mutual respect and respect for other people and cooperation are found in recitation activities, heritage parades, bregodo parades, distribution of apem and supporting events, 2) attitudes not discriminating/discriminating and not hurting/interfering with other people's freedom is found in the heritage carnival, bregodo carnival, apem distribution, and supporting events, and 3) caring for each other is found in the heirloom carnival, bregodo carnival, and supporting events. However, during the heirloom carnival and bregodo activities during traditional ceremonies, the implementation of the event still differentiates in its reception between poor and rich people. Apart from that, there is still a lack of concern during recitations, heritage carnivals and bregodo for the elderly/disabled. In short, the Saparan Tradition can bring values of tolerance to the people of Pondok Wonolelo Hamlet. However, in practice, the community is still not tolerant of some Saparan Tradition activities. This research recommends the importance of mutual tolerance between members of society. Tradisi Saparan dilaksanakan pada setiap bulan Safar yang diikuti oleh masyarakat desa dengan beragamnya perbedaan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui nilai-nilai toleransi pada Tradisi Saparan di Dusun Pondok Wonolelo, Widodomartani, Ngemplak, Sleman. Jenis penelitian yang digunakan peneliti adalah kualitatif naturalistik. Pengumpulan data yang digunakan adalah observasi, wawancara dan dokumentasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa bentuk nilai-nilai toleransi pada Tradisi Saparan di Dusun Pondok Wonolelo, yaitu 1) sikap saling menghargai dan menghormati orang lain serta gotong royong terdapat pada kegiatan pengajian, kirab pusaka, kirab bregodo, penyebaran apem dan acara penunjang, 2) sikap tidak mendiskriminasi/membeda-bedakan dan tidak menyakiti/mengganggu kebebasan orang lain terdapat pada kirab pusaka, kirab bregodo, penyebaran apem dan acara penunjang, dan 3) saling peduli terdapat pada kegiatan kirab pusaka, kirab bregodo dan acara penunjang. Namun, pada kegiatan kirab pusaka dan bregodo saat upacara adat dalam pelaksanaan acara masih membeda-bedakan dalam penyambutannya antara masyarakat yang miskin dan kaya. Selain itu, masih terdapat sikap kurang peduli saat pengajian, kirab pusaka dan bregodo pada lansia/difabel. Secara singkat, Tradisi Saparan dapat menghadirkan nilai-nilai toleransi pada masyarakat Dusun Pondok Wonolelo, namun dalam pelaksanaannya masyarakat masih tidak bersifat toleran dalam beberapa kegiatan Tradisi Saparan. Penelitian ini merekomendasikan pentingnya saling toleransi antar anggota masyarakat.

Research on the effect of influence of experience and age of the artificial insemination officer on the success of artificial insemination (AI) in dairy cows has been conducted. This study aims to determine and examine the ef- fect of influence of experience and age of the artificial insemination officer on the success of artificial insemination (AI) in dairy cows. The research was conducted in December 2022–January 2023 in Lembang District, Bandung Barat. The method used is the survey method. The material used was an artificial insemination officer at the Kope- rasi Peternak Sapi Bandung Utara (KPSBU) Lembang. The variables observed to determine AI success are service conception (S/C), conception rate (C/R). The data analysis used in this study is quantitative descriptive analysis and simple correlation analysis. The results showed that the AI officer experience was an average of 19 years and an average age of 39 years. Average S/C value is 1.84 , Average C/R value is 64.50%. The results of a simple correlation analysis showed that the experience and age of the inseminator had no real effect (P>0.05) on the success of AI in dairy cows. It was concluded that the success rate of AI in dairy cattle based on S/C and CR in Lembang District was good, but the experience and age of the artificial insemination officer did not have a significant effect on the success of artificial insemination in dairy cows.

This study analyzes the traditional values of menumbai sialang to shape Pancasila students' character in high school. It uses a descriptive qualitative approach with Vygotsky's constructivist theory. Data collection includes non-participant observation, interviews, and documentation, analyzed through triangulation. Results: (1) Swearing sialang is an ancient local tradition representing trinity through a procession for collecting forest honey. (2) Values aligned with Pancasila student indicators: (1) Swearing sialang is an ancient local tradition still in the process of taking forest honey with certain rituals representing the trinity relationship. (2) some values align with the character indicators of Pancasila students, namely (a) having faith-fearing God Almighty, reflected in the traditional procession as an expression of gratitude for God's gifts. (b) Global diversity, reflected in the awareness of the Petalangan tribe on the importance of maintaining their local culture. (c) Gotong royong can be reflected in the collective procession of gathering sialang. (d) Independence and responsibility are reflected in the efforts of the Petalangan tribe, who strive to conserve all resources. (e) Critical thinking, reflected in establishing customary sanctions for violators to maintain the balance of nature. (f) Creative, reflected in the ability of the Petalangan tribe to design environmentally friendly traditional tools to support traditional processions. (3) Menumbai sialang values can be integrated into high school history lessons through contextual learning, field trips, and the involvement of traditional leaders.

This article examines the use of ethnomathematics in Kalimantan batik in learning geometry in elementary schools. The purpose of this paper is to explore mathematical concepts contained in the Kalimantan batik motifs that can be utilized in the process of learning geometry in elementary schools. This research uses exploratory research and an ethnographic approach. The research data were obtained from literature studies, observations, interviews, and documentation. Based on the results of the study this study obtained 6 types of Kalimantan batik motifs, namely Tidayu batik motif (West Kalimantan), spot yarn motif (Central Kalimantan), Empiek Batik motif (East Kalimantan), clouded motif batik motif (West Kalimantan), Sasirangan batik motif Hiris Pudak (South Kalimantan), Pating Muang batik motif (Central Kalimantan). Geometry concepts for elementary school children in Kalimantan batik motifs are rectangles, circles, triangles, points, lines, minimum and maximum curves, reflection, translation, and fraction numbers. The alternative steps of learning are as follows: (1). Students and teachers carry out learning with the question and answer methods related to Kalimantan batik motifs; (2). Students are asked to observe the Kalimantan batik motif; (3). Students are asked to analyze the shapes contained in the Kalimantan batik motif; (4) Students are asked to present their work.

Tulisan ini bertujuan untuk memahami bagaimana suasana dilematis antara hutan dan uang. Melakukan analisis atas lirik-lirik lagu berjudul Ketika Ku Pulang yang dipopulerkan oleh Katon Bagaskara pada era 90-an. Berdasarkan tahapan analisis semiotika Roland Bartes, dihasilkan temuan menarik berikut. Secara denotatif menjelaskan tentang situasi hutan yang rusak membawa akibat kepada panasnya bumi, dan punahnya ekosistem. Secara konotatif ditemukan falsafah bahwa hutan adalah sumber kehidupan. Maka dalam suasana yang dilematis, ketika kita diminta untuk memilih antara hutan dan uang. Berdasar konteks penelitian ini yang harus menjadi pilihan utama kita ialah menjaga hutan agar tetap lestari.

This study aims to identify the potential for fraudulent financial reporting using the Fraud Hexagon approach with pressure, capability, collusion, opportunity, rationalization, and ego indicators. The population in this study is state-owned companies with observations for 12 years, from 2010 to 2021, and uses regression analysis with SPSS tools to test the Hypothesis. The results showed that pressure and ego could detect the potential for fraudulent financial reporting. There is a tendency for management to report conditions that are different from the actual conditions when under pressure in the form of performance targets that are not supported by the resources they have. CEO duality also provides an excellent opportunity for fraudulent financial reporting practices because when there is a position war, there is no cross-check between departments, so other parts cannot detect the potential fraud committed by the CEO. This condition also indicates weak control processes that provide wider opportunities for fraudulent financial reporting. At the same time, variables of ability, collusion, opportunity, and rationalization cannot detect financial statement fraud. This condition is because state-owned companies are required to implement the Minister of Finance Regulation number PER-11/MBU/07/2021 and the Financial Services Authority number 13/POJK.03/2017 as the basis for the implementation of Good Corporate Governance so that it is possible to commit financial reporting fraud very small.

This study aims to examine the fraud hexagon elements which consist of pressure, capability, collusion, opportunity, rationalization, and ego in detecting fraud in financial statements. The population in this study were state-owned companies with an observation period of 10 years, from 2010 to 2019. After testing, it was found that the research data was not normally distributed, so the researchers decided to eliminate outlier data, using the outlier boxspot method and obtained 153 samples data using multiple linear regression. The results of the study show that pressure has a positive effect on Financial Report Fraud practices. Meanwhile, capability, collusion, opportunity, rationalization, and ego are not proven to be able to detect Financial Report Fraud.

Some research results state that the impact of implementing learning during the COVID-19 pandemic is in the form of online learning, one of which is learning loss. The purpose of the study is to provide notes on online learning in Indonesia that in addition to focusing on learning, one must also be able to anticipate learning loss. This study uses a literature study method by selecting various research articles that are in accordance with the research study. The results of the research state that indeed online learning will have an impact in the form of learning loss and in this research it also provides solutions in resolving learning loss through more intense communication from teachers and parents and maximizing teacher activities in learning so that they can anticipate learning loss so as to achieve learning goals. such as: online learning using a platform that is student-friendly and comfortable to use by students so that students can study at home to the maximum and parental control must always be done because learning takes place at home. The results of this study are expected to be able to anticipate learning loss, inspire parents and teachers to be able to take the importance of online learning for students.

The research aims to evaluate the implementation of the gender-responsive school program in Yogyakarta. It is a descriptive evaluation using the CIPP (Context, Input, Process, Product) model involving the principal, head of the gender-responsive school program, teachers, employees, and students as the subjects. Data were collected by (1) interviews with principals, teachers, heads of gender-responsive school programs, and students; (2) a study of documentation of various educational activities related to the program. Data were analyzed using a qualitative data analysis model by Miles and Huberman consisting of (1) data collection, (2) data reduction, (3) data display, and (4) data verification/conclusion. The research results can be seen from four aspects: (1) the context in implementing gender-responsive school programs refers to various references, including Presidential Instruction No. 9 of 2000, Regulation of the Minister of National Education of the Republic of Indonesia No. 8 of 2008. (2) The inputs for implementing the gender-responsive school program have met the requirements in terms of human resources (teachers and education staff) and the facilities and infrastructure. Most of the teachers already have adequate knowledge about the program's implementation. An integrated team in school management has planned the facilities and infrastructure. (3) Implementing gender-responsive schools is carried out well by developing school culture and organizing activities inside and outside learning. (4) The product of the gender-responsive school program is the formation of conducive school culture, facilities, and infrastructure that ensure the privacy of both male and female students.

Penelitian tampilan reproduksi sapi FH (Friesian Hostain) di KPBS Pangalengan telah dilakukan. Tujuan pe- nelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui, mengkaji dan mengevaluasi reproduksi sapi FH di KPBS Pangalengan Ka- bupaten Bandung. Metode penelitian menggunakan metode survei, pengambilan data dilakukan secara purposive sampling dengan kriteria sapi perah yang sudah laktasi dan sudah beranak minimal dua kali serta melakukan sampling pada 47 responden anggota koperasi. Variabel yang dianalisa adalah umur pertama estrus, umur petama beranak, days open dan service per conception. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menun- jukan bahwa rerata umur pertama estrus sapi FH di KPBS Pangalengan adalah 14,29 bulan, rerata umur pertama beranak 27,08 bulan, rerata days open (DO) 3,33 bulan dan rerata service per conception (S/C) 1,69 kali. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa tampilan reproduksi sapi Friesian Hostain di KPBS Pangalengan sudah cukup baik.

This study assesses the impact of the LED light spectrum on the reproductive development of male synodontis (Synodontis sp.) broods. Male synodontis were subjected to four distinct LED light spectra, namely: white, blue, green, and red, each continuously for 120 days of rearing. This experimental study used a completely randomized design, with four treatments and five individual fish replications per treatment. The gonadosomatic index (GSI), sperm quality (volume, density, and motility), testosterone levels, and testicular histology were analyzed. After 120 days, the blue LED light showed the best GSI and sperm quality. Testosterone hormone levels fluctuate in each treatment, with blue, red, and green LEDs having four peak treatments on days 12, 48, 60, 84, and 108, while white (control) light bulbs have two peak hormone level on days 12 and 60. Furthermore, fish that were exposed to blue LED light had more testicular cells growing and more spermatozoa spread out than fish that were exposed to red, green, or white LED light. Thus, this research demonstrates that blue light effectively accelerates gonad maturation in male synodontis.

Palm oil (Elaeis guenesis jacq) is an important commodity in Indonesia. Assessments of the underlying causes of yield gaps in oil palm production systems worldwide are lacking in exploring existing knowledge about oil palm productivity from a crop physiological perspective. Modifying the roots of oil palm plants through root cutting can affect the availability of carbon stocks in the soil because roots are one of the sources of organic carbon input into the soil. The purpose of the study was to analyses the effect of cutting the roots of oil palm plants on the availability of carbon stocks and soil fertility for these crops. The land where the study took place had a relatively low soil fertility status, there were several parameters observed showing low availability status in the soil. The low content of nutrients in the soil causes limited soil in providing nutrients to support plant growth.

400 million tons of plastic waste pollute the environment every year, and then 8 million tons of plastic waste have ended up in the ocean. Flexible plastic waste accounts for 76% of plastic waste entering the environment in Indonesia. Ecoplas have been developed in Jakarta, as starch-based biodegradable packaging. This study aims to 1) determine the ranking of Ecoplas compared to PP, r-PP, and Oxo-biodegradable; 2) Identify criteria that affect the path of Ecoplas packaging into sustainable packaging. Data collection was conducted through a questionnaire involving 96 consumers of flexible packaging in Jakarta, taken by convenience sampling. In this study, Ecoplas packaging was evaluated using PROMETHEE II to generate rankings, and Rainbow-PROMETHEE to review criteria affecting packaging sustainability. The results show that PP packaging (0.1168) remains the most preferred option for flexible packaging, followed by Oxo-biodegradable (0,0020), Ecoplas (-0,0113), and r-PP (-0,1076). Ecoplas have good criteria on willingness to purchase (Ec), consumers' environmental preferences (En), property preference (T1), packaging safety preference (T3), and consumer knowledge of post-consumer (S2). Aspects of criteria that need to be improved by Ecoplas i.e. awareness of alternative packaging usage (S1) and accessibility (S3 & S4), and packaging durability preference (S2). Ecoplas is promising to be an alternative to flexible packaging, as shown by the good evaluation and willingness of consumers to purchase it as eco-friendly packaging. However, Ecoplas packaging needs to improve the level of packaging properties and accessibility level for consumers to find it easily.

To fulfill Paris Agreement commitments, an effective strategy involves advancing renewable energy (RE) adoption, especially in 3T (underdeveloped, frontier, outermost) regions dependent on diesel power. Nain Island, a 3T area, relies on a 200kW diesel plant operating 7 hours/day for 1004 households. This research aims to extend electricity services to 24 hours/day without extra fuel by integrating a 300 kWp photovoltaic (PV) plant with the existing diesel setup. Determining PV capacity considers parameters like diesel capacity, load profile, households, and outage rates. Implementing the PV plant encounters challenges due to limited land and hilly terrain. The solution proposes floating PV plant technology, globally successful and applicable in Indonesia. Placement on the northern coastal area of Nain Island, near the existing diesel plant, addresses land limitations. Detailed design considerations, including wave patterns, wind speed, and bathymetry, are crucial for successful implementation. Upon deployment, the system promises a substantial increase in electricity service without additional fuel consumption, leading to a reduction of 389 tons/year in CO2 emissions. This innovative approach aligns with global sustainability goals, showcasing the potential for renewable energy integration in remote areas and underscoring the significance of environmentally friendly solutions.

This research aims to describe the mathematical communication skills in writing of junior high school students in grade VIII in solving the problems of Theorem Pythagoras. The method used in this study is a qualitative descriptive method. The subjects of this study numbered 31 students and were categorized in groups of very high, high, medium, low and very low female students. The results showed that students who had mathematical communication skills in a very high group were students who were very able to meet the four indicators tested with an average percentage of 83%. The mathematical communication skills of students in the high group are students who are able to meet the four indicators tested with an average total percentage of 70%. The mathematical communication skills of students in the moderate group are students who are sufficiently able to meet the four indicators tested with an average total percentage of 51%. The mathematical communication skills of students in the lower group were students who were less able to meet the four indicators tested with an average total percentage of 32%. The mathematical communication skills of students in the very low group were students who had not been able to meet the four indicators tested with an average total percentage of 17%.

Organic inhibitors in the corrosion process could be obtained from water hyacinth plant. This plant contained antioxidants such as saponins, which could bind to protective metals from corrosion. The objective of this study was to observe the corrosion rate degradation in rainwater and tap water with saponin content of water hyacinth extract with novelty of using methanol in the maceration process. The sample: methanol ratio used in the maceration process was 1 : 9 (w/v). Steel testing was carried out for 5 days in rainwater and tap water. Based on the test results, the saponin content in the water hyacinth extract could be proven by the stability of the foam produced. The experimental results showed a corrosion rate escalation in tap water samples from 47.7% to 94.5% and samples in rainwater from 11.3% to 52.9% at 75 ppm inhibitor concentration. Based on the research, water hyacinth extract using methanol solvent could be used as a corrosion inhibitor.

Abstract: The increase in the population impacts the increasing demand for food and non-food. Hence, to fulfill non-food needs, agricultural food land is converted into non-agricultural. It affected the carrying capacity of food agriculture. This paper aimed to analyze changes in the carrying capacity of food agriculture and the factors that influence the carrying capacity of food agriculture in the Kulon Progo Regency. This study used a descriptive-quantitative approach with spatial-temporal analysis techniques on secondary data, including population, rice field area, and rice field productivity for 2011, 2015, and 2019. The results showed that in 2011 Kulon Progo Regency could not be self-sufficient in food. However, in 2015, the research area had a great carrying capacity for food agriculture and continues to increase. This increase was influenced by the addition of rice fields and increased productivity. On the other hand, the reduction of rice fields decreased the productivity of rice fields, and the increase in the population led to a decrease in the carrying capacity of food agriculture in the Nanggulan, Kalibawang, and Samigaluh Districts. The rice field area and the productivity of rice fields affect food availability, while the population affects food needs. This paper showed that land-use changes in agri-food land (rice field area and productivity of rice fields) and the number of populations resulted in changes in the carrying capacity of food agriculture. Keywords: Carrying capacity, land use change, food self-sufficiency, rice field, population growth

The purpose of this research is to discover the significance of the Ponan tradition for the advancement of accounting education. The study was carried out in Poto Village, Moyo Hilir District, Sumbawa Regency. Purposive Sampling was used to identify the informants under the study. Ethnographic method was used as a data analysis tool. The Ponan tradition is divided into three meanings: gratitude, kinship, and fertility. The implication can be used as a guideline when developing an accounting education curriculum based on local wisdom.

ABSTRAK Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi daya keluaran listrik dari panel surya adalah posisi dan tingkat penyerapan sinar UV (Ultraviolet) dari matahari. Penggunaan aktuator motor servo untuk solar tracker membebani listrik yang dihasilkan dari pembangkit internal panel surya. Pada penelitian ini dirancang solar tracker menggunakan silinder pneumatik sebagai pengganti aktuator motor servo. Sedangkan, sensor UV digunakan untuk memantau sudut pergerakan matahari. Nilai error dan Δerror dari hasil pengolahan data sensor UV menjadi masukan bagi sistem pengambilan keputusan berbasis kendali fuzzy. Keluaran sistem pengambilan keputusan ini mengatur pergerakan posisi silinder pneumatik naik, turun, atau stop. Pengujian perangkat bekerja dengan baik, menghasilkan respon dinamik overshoot 5,3 % dan error steady state 1,6 %. Kata kunci: ultraviolet, pneumatik, fuzzy, overshoot, error ABSTRACT One of the factors that affect the electrical output power of solar panels is the position and the absorption level of UV (Ultraviolet) rays from the sun. The use of a servo motor actuator for solar trackers burdens the generated electricity from the solar panels internal generator. In this study, a solar tracker was designed using a pneumatic cylinder as a replacement for the servo motor actuator. While a UV sensor was used to monitor the angle of the sun’s movement. The error and Δerror values from UV sensor data processing results become an input for decision-making systems based on fuzzy control. The output of this decision-making system regulates the movement of the position of the pneumatic cylinder up, down, or stopping. The test device worked properly, resulting in a dynamic response overshoot of 5.3% and a steady-state error of 1.6%. Keywords: ultraviolet, pneumatic, fuzzy, overshoot, error

The dry port (or land port) is an inland area or an intermodal port directly connected to a seaport. Cikarang Dry Port, as one of the best performing dry ports among other dry ports in Indonesia, only contributes 18% of the loading and unloading volume at Tanjung Priok port. This study examines the effect of supply chain collaboration and service stakeholder engagement on Dry Port Company's performance. The data collected from a questionnaire. The 55 responses from employees of Cikarang dry port and a logistics company in Jakarta. The hypothesis was tested by multiple regression. This study confirms that government regulation and Stakeholder Commitment positively impact the performance of port companies. The study inspires managers to recognize the positive results of government regulation practice among stakeholder engagement organizations to improve port performance in port supply chains.

Pasirkratonkramat Sub-District is located in West Pekalongan District, Pekalongan City, Central Java, Indonesia. This location has been affected by tidal floods since 2016. Tidal floods have caused a decrease in environmental quality. The method used for this research is a descriptive survey research with an ecological approach. This paper presents the quality of the biophysical environment and social quality. The biophysical environment consists of water quality, soil quality, air quality. The water quality showed that Pollution Index (PI) of surface water is 5,15 (medium pollution), PI of Clean water (Residents’ well waters) is 5,09 (medium pollution) and PI of Clean Water is 2,20 (light pollution). Water quality analyzed by parameters Electrical Conductivity, Salinity, BOD, COD, Total Phosphate as P, Chrome (Cr) (VI), Copper Cu, Nitrite as N, Free chlorine, Sulfur as H2S, Oil and fat, Detergent as MBAS, Fecal Coliform, Total Coliform, Chloride, Total dissolved solids (TDS), Water hardness (CaCO3), and Organic substance (KMnO4). The soil of quality decreased because of inundating sea water, the chemical and physical composition cannot support paddy or plants to grow, even they cannot survive because of salinity and decreasing minerals. The air quality showed that the average Temperature Humidity Index (THI) is 28.74 which mean that 100% of subjects feel uncomfortable. Meanwhile the social quality consists of various activities.

Pekalongan City, particularly North Pekalongan District, lies adjacently to the Java Sea. This situation shapes the vulnerability of the District to tidal floods, which have been occurring since 2005. Tidal floods negatively affect the community, as well as the inundated environment. Since 2016, the flooding has reached the areas in Pekalongan Barat District, especially Pasirkratonkramat Sub-District. It affected 1,435 households distributed in 13 Community Units. This research analyzed the community perception of the quality of the environment inundated by tidal floods, including the biophysical and the socio-economic environments. It used questionnaire and performed interviews with 93 heads of household as the respondents, as well as field observation that produced qualitative data of environmental quality. The results of this research presented the tidal flood-affected community’s perception of environmental quality, which was determined by education, income, and length of residence in tidal flood-prone locations. Furthermore, the results of community’s perception of environmental quality analyses using measuring instruments and statistical tests, i.e., chi-square test and binary logistic regression, supported the research analysis.

Indragiri Hilir Regency is one of the regencies located in Riau Province which has a population of 658,025 thousand in 2022. The population consists of several groups ranging from children, adolescents, adults and the elderly. Indragiri Hilir Regency has three regional public hospitals, namely the Puri Husada Tembilahan Hospital, the Tenku Sulung Pulau Kijang Hospital, and the Raja Musa Sungai Guntung Hospital. Each hospital has official statistics consisting of sectoral data according to the data owned by the hospital. This study aims to show and analyze the existing official statistics and create an official statistics model for analysis of population sectoral data in health analysis. The method used is explanatory method and descriptive statistical analysis method and descriptive statistical analysis. The results of this study show that every regional public hospital in Indragiri Hilir Regency has official statistics which consist of sectoral data owned by the agency, the official statistics model is the answer to become a reference in carrying out sectoral data analysis for policy making in the field of analysis health.

One of the purposes of the inclusion of antibiotics in the ration is to improve production efficiency. Betel leaves are medicinal herbs containing essential oil which can be used as natural antibiotics. This research aimed to examine the effect of giving betel leaf extract and betel leaf flour on quail egg production. A completely randomized design with 4 treatments and 4 replicates was used. Treatments consisted of basal ration (P0), the inclusion of betel leaf meal (BLM) in ration by 1% (P1), the inclusion of dried betel leaf extract (DBLE) in ration by 0.5% (P2) and 1% (P3). The results showed that the inclusion of betel leaf extract and flour did not affect egg production, feed intake, and egg mass. But it improved the feed conversion ratio.

This research aims to provide input to the Government in creating a National Entrepreneurship Development Policy in the Government Development Plan through the KEMENKOPUKM. The research method used in this research is the Research and Development (R&D) method through Focus Group Discussions with 59 universities that are members of APSKI. The result of this research is that APSKI encourages the Entrepreneurship Study Program to carry out entrepreneurial branding and make entrepreneurial growth one of the Main Activity Indicators. Incubators on campus are the primary means of implementing an independent learning campus so that lectures and practice can run well. The Entrepreneur Hub initiated by KEMENKOPUKM is a super application that is a forum for the growth and development of the APSKI ecosystem to encourage its members to submit data on campus-assisted entrepreneurs through the Entrepreneur Hub so that the policies prepared are more measurable and accountable. APSKI members also contribute to the entrepreneurship hub by following its entrepreneurship education function and strengthening the entrepreneurial ecosystem and business partnerships.

Seedling growth in the nursery and early field performance of three fast-growing tree species from the Rubiaceae family, i.e., white jabon (Neolamarckia cadamba), red jabon (Neolamarckia macrophylla, and gempol (Nauclea orientalis), were tested by using different seedling media and arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) treatments in the nursery and mixed-species field tests. The experiment design in the nursery and field test was laid out following a split-split plot design of a randomized complete block with four replications. The main factors were tree species, the sub-factors were seedling media, and the sub-sub factors consisted of the AMF inoculation, with a mixed species planting pattern. White jabon had a more dominant growth both at the seedling level in the nursery and at the field test level until the age of 2 years, followed by gempol and red jabon. AMF inoculation in those three species at the seedling level was strongly influenced by the characteristics of the seedling media like media with high fertility levels resulting in a very low percentage of AMF colonization. In the field trial, all tree species and treatments were infected with mycorrhizae with colonization percentages ranging from 27.6% to 57.7%, which was suspected to be an infection from native AMF in the planting site. The AMF application had a significant effect on the percentage of colonization and tree diameter growth of 2-year-olds with a percentage increase of 14.4% and 8.4%, respectively.

Container and bare-root seedlings are the two basic stock types used in reforestation programs in many countries, but in the tropics, bare-root seedlings have never been widely applied. The objective of this research was to assess the possibility of bare-root seedlings for tropical forest and landscape restoration treated by fertilization in the nursery and aquasorb treatment using two forest tree species, i.e., Calophyllum inophyllum and Gmelina arborea. A randomized block design was used to assess the seedling performance in nursery and aquasorb application on bare-root seedlings and container (polybag) seedlings as a comparison. This research indicated that NPK fertilization in the nursery was able to increase the seedling growth of C. inophyllum and G. arborea. In the field test, polybag seedlings had better survival and growth than bare-root seedlings. The best survival and growth in both species were shown by the polybag seedling with fertilization and aquasorb treatment. The treatment also increased the bare-root seedling growth in both species. Bare-root seedlings of C. calophyllum resulted in higher seedling survival than bare-root seedlings of G. arborea. The application of bare-root seedling on C. inophyllum is more prospective to be applied in the tropics.

Mandor Village has developed as a tradisional gold mining area since years ago. It involved activities that have led to extreme land condition and the release of mining residues, i.e., mercury, to the soils. The study examined the potential of soil bacteria as mercury bioremediation agent based on their population and activity in former mines with different ages. The bacterial population was measured by isolating soil bacteria on solid media using the pour plate method, and the colonies were enumerated during the incubation. The Nutrient Agar (NA) medium was used to obtain the total population, whereas the Salt Base Solution (SBS) was to determine the presence of mercury-tolerant bacteria. The addition of HgCl2 affected the number of the colonies. The colony only grew until the concentration of HgCl2 reached 5 mg/l, and the total colony was larger in older mines. The observation of bacterial activity showed that biotransformation performance was lower when the concentration of mercury was the same as its natural presence in soils (0.1-0.5 mg/l) compared with higher mercury level (1 mg/l). The research showed that lower mercury concentrations in nature reduced the natural ability of bacteria to transform pollutants. This study provides information that can assist the development of a technological approach to control mercury pollution in former traditional gold mines in an environmentally friendly manner using indigenous soil bacteria.

Settlements in urban areas expand as the population grows and are influenced by growth centres. This research was designed to identify the quality of informal settlements along abandoned railwaytracks in the Majalaya District, an industrial centre in Bandung Regency, Jawa Barat Province, Indonesia. A quantitative method was employed, with proportional random sampling and the use of both primary and secondary data. The primary data referred to the conditions of the slum areas, while the secondary data were images, Regional Spatial Planning (RTRW) documents and RTRW maps. The quantitative analysis employed scoring through slum settlement assessment indicators, while spatial analysis was supported by regional data. The results from the research show that although housing construction quality varies, most settlements are illegal and prone to flooding, fire, and contagious diseases. The research should be beneficial for the government in promoting and implementing slum eradication programmes in urban areas.

Abstract: The professional Attitude of a teacher is very necessary for the face of education in this global era. The task of the teacher is not only teaching but also educate, nurture, guide and shape the personality of the student. Mistakes teachers in understanding the profession will result in the shifting of the teacher function slowly. The relationship between teachers and students who need each other turns into a relationship of mutually indifferent, not blissful and boring. The professionalism of teachers is determined by behavior, will and capabilities on condition that Prime. Professionalisation should be viewed as a continuous process, so that the attitude and professional teachers actually formed in this process, pre-service education, educational upgrading, including in his coaching from professional organizations and the workplace, the society against the profession of teacher training, enforcement of the code of ethics of the profession, certification, improved quality of prospective teachers, rewards, etc collectively determine a person including professional development of teachers. This article presents an attempt discussion space for educators, prospective educators, and related parties in order to better understand, implement, and develop attitudes and behavior in the world of education through good example in mind, speech, and action. Keywords: Professional, Teacher, Education, Global Era

Rice farming in swamps, a marginal land, has a relatively high risk related to the level of technical efficiency. This research was conducted with the aim of identifying the level of technical efficiency and the influence factors of technical inefficiency in Lakbok Subdistrict, Ciamis District, Indonesia. Simple random sampling was used with a sample size of 41 farmers. The analysis was carried out using a stochastic frontier function. The results showed that the average level of technical efficiency was 0.78. Education and family size have a significant effect on technical inefficiency.

The engulfing COVID-19 pandemic in various regions affected various sectors, one of which was the Indonesian tourism sector. The policy of social restrictions and travel restrictions led to a decrease in tourists at almost all tourist attractions. The purpose of this study is to identify the type of economic value generated by Gemah Beach tourism objects during the Covid-19 pandemic and evaluate the total economic value generated by Gemah Beach tourism objects during the Covid-19 pandemic. This research method uses a survey method by taking a sample of a number of tourists, business people, managers of Gemah Beach tourism objects. The type of data collected consists of primary data and secondary data. The economic valuation method is used to calculate the total economic value of the Gemah Beach tourism object obtained from direct use value, indirect use value, preferred use value, existence value, and bequest value. Data analysis used descriptive quantitative. The results of the study still found various types of economic activities carried out by business actors at the Gemah Beach tourism object during the COVID-19 pandemic, despite the government’s social and economic restrictions. Meanwhile, based on the results of the economic valuation of the Gemah Beach tourism object during the COVID-19 pandemic, a total economic value of IDR 28,131,949,529 was obtained. The total economic value, according to tourism managers, is lower than before the COVID-19 pandemic due to activity restrictions and a decrease in the number of visitors. Optimizing the economic and natural potential of the Gemah Beach tourist attraction with the fulfillment of facilities and infrastructure in accordance with the COVID-19 health protocol can be used as a strategy in dealing with the COVID-19 pandemic so that the tourism industry can continue to grow.

Fluviomarine rice field is a type of agricultural land resulting from past marine activity processes with alluvium deposition material. This study specifically discusses the productivity of the rice field agricultural system by linking the physical components of the land based on the characteristics of geomorphological conditions (physiography, soil type, elevation contour, slope, and land use) with social interactions by local farmers. This study wants to analyze the productivity of the fluviomarine rice field farming system on agricultural income in Mojowarno village. This study uses 72 households data sample with the cluster random sampling method, which is based on the fluviomarine form cluster unit. The data analysis used a descriptive quantitative analysis. The results of this study are the fluviomarin rice fields farming system inMojowarno Village is a rainfed farming system with a planting frequency of only 2 times a year. Meanwhile, the average productivity of the land was only 5,307 tons /hectar, while the average income received by farmers was only Rp 5,879,631.00 /year. The regression statistical test results show that farmers’ income is significantly influenced by land productivity. This study is expected to be used as a reference in preparing the development strategy for increasing farmer’s income.

Collaboration is an important skill for a teacher. Prospective teachers' perceptions about collaboration must be explored to discover their collaboration skills before becoming a teacher. This research aims to determine prospective biology teachers' perceptions regarding collaboration in their teacher preparation program. The study uses a mixed-method approach with an explanatory design. This research uses a survey instrument to obtain quantitative data and semi-structured interviews to obtain qualitative data. A total of 73 prospective biology teacher students were involved in this research. Data were analyzed using a mixed-method approach with explanatory design. The research results show that students have an expert level of collaboration. The gender factor does not significantly influence collaboration, but females have a higher overall score than males. Prospective biology teacher students have been able to define collaboration well, but their definition is not yet in-depth. Prospective biology teacher students have realized the importance of having collaboration skills to support their careers. The recommendation in this research is to develop an appropriate training model to train the collaboration skills of prospective biology teacher students.

The existance of wetted land in Peri-urban Yogyakarta can not separated from the farmer’s commitment. This research is aimed to analyze farmer’s commitment in maintaining wetted land ownership status in Peri-Urban Yogyakarta and to identify its influencing factors. This research is conducted in peri-urban area of Yogyakarta by taking some wettted land’s owners who are active in farming, as the respondents. The meaurement of farmer’s commitment indicators are done by likert scale. The result indicated that farmers in Peri-urban area of Yogyakarta have low commitment in maintaining wetted land ownership status. Low level of farmer’s commitment are reflected from the low commitment to prevent the desire to sell the wetted land, to rent out the wetted land for non-agricultural use and to change the wetted land for non-agricultural use. This research also indicated that the low commitment is also significantly influenced by wetted land price, wetted land location, and its social value.

Some districts in Central Java have problems regarding the shrinkage of agricultural land area and a high decrease in the number of farm households. The increase in population and economic development is one reason for the increased demand for land to convert agricultural land. The faster rate of land use change can affect the conditions of domestic food availability in an area, so it is important to quantify the area of agricultural land to monitor changes in land area. This research aims to calculate changes in agricultural land area through the balance of agricultural land resources. This research was conducted with quantitative methods and analyzed descriptively and spatially. Agricultural land is calculated using the land resource balance through a skronto table in 2009 and 2018. The results show that a decrease in area is more dominant than an increase in land area. The largest decrease in total land area occurred in tegal/farm area of 21.12 % and paddy field area of 3.43 % of the previous area. Spatially, changes of land area influenced by land conversion with two factors, namely physical condition and accessibility of the area.

The increasing population in Purworejo Regency has a negative impact on the availability of agricultural land. As a result, available agricultural land is decreasing it’s carrying capacity, in producing food for the population. Based on these problems, the study was carried out to analyze the spatial temporally distribution trends of the carrying capacity of agricultural land in the Purworejo Regency area from 2009–2018. The study used secondary data 2009–20018 and analyzed descriptively qualitatively. Spatially the results of the study found that there were variations in the spatial distribution patterns of the carrying capacity of agricultural land in Purworejo Regency from 2009–2018, while judging by the trend, there was a tendency for the carrying capacity of agricultural land in each sub-district, the trend of which increased, decreased and some remained . The results of this study also found that the carrying capacity of agricultural land in each sub-district in Purworejo Regency was between 1-≤2.46. If the trend of decreasing the carrying capacity of agricultural land is allowed to continue, the ability of the sub-district to produce food will decrease, so that the availability of local food will decrease. For this reason, it is natural for the Purworejo Regency Government to adopt a policy to control agricultural land so that the sub-districts that become food storage can be maintained.

To ensure that only high-quality seed is marketed, the seed inspector of the registered forestry-seed commercial providers plays a vital role. It will perform all the necessary tasks, including variety inspection, release testing of seed processing, and enforcement of the seed regulation. The registered forestry-seed commercial providers should conform to seed standards. Currently, the availability of high-quality seeds is crucial to achieve predictable planting. In case of unavailability of sufficient qualities standard, the seed inspector allowed for operating the punishment act. Therefore, this research aims to evaluate both the seed inspector and the registered forestry-seed commercial providers to indicate that the seed-regulations implementation is successful. Data are collected by spreading questionnaire and using a narrative-based qualitative method. The result confirms that policy formulation is a challenge to the regulators, but processes effectively tackle this challenge in four sequence stages. The first stage is the problem formulation about seed-sources development, seed variety coordination at permanent nurseries, law reinforcement, and regulator role strengthening. The second stage is policy agenda through controlling over market opportunities by the regulator. The third stage is selecting alternative policies to solve problems by implementing the cluster system based on local-seed variety. The fourth stage is establishing procedures.

Livebearer fish have a unique reproduction by internal fertilization without supplied nutrition from parents. However, increasing the frequency of spawning remains unknown. Therefore, the study aimed to improve reproductive performance by expanding the spawning frequency in three livebearer fish species: guppy, black molly, and platy. Four sets of 10 fish (6 females and 4 males) aged 80 days after birth were maintained in controlled media at 25-28 °C in the separated tank sized 20x20x15 cm. All the fish were fed commercially and mixed with oocyte developer (OODEV) for 14 days at satiation. By using the same fish, spawning and rematuration were observed for 30 and 45 days respectively. The reproductive performance was evaluated for 45 days. The OODEVtreated broodstock showed birthing the larvae in all tanks on the 7th day after treatment, while control fish displayed on the 14th day. The percentage of pregnant broodstock was 66.6-100% in each tank, indicating the OODEV-supplemented diet can be used to increase oocyte growth in the gonad. In the rematuration experiment, the fish spawned a 3-fold increase in frequencies of spawning. These data suggested that OODEV can stimulate oocyte growth and increase the birthing frequency in livebearers.

In Indonesia, the main discusssion in the dynamics of local autonomy is the establishment of local law product after the discussion of general elections. How come? Article 18 paragraph (6) of the 1945 Constitution regulates that in the framework of implementing autonomy and co-administration duties, the local Government has the right to stipulate local regulations and other regulations. Practically, other regulations can be form as local head regulation and many kind of legal policy which made by head of local government. It can be imagined, how many local law products were established in one year in 34 provinces and 265 cities/regency. In this perspective, it is important to raises the object of Local Head Regulations as a miniature of government duties as a derivative of the Local Regulation. The problems which arrise is what is the position of local head regulation in the national legal development. This paper was conduct by doctrinal approach. The specifications which used is descriptive analysis by inventorying and identifying problems that related to harmonization and synchronization of local law products based on Law Number 12 Year 2011 concerning the Establishment of Regulations and Law Number 23 Year 2014 concerning Local Government. Analysing method is normative qualitative by using gramatical and systematic interpretation.In this study, it was found that local head regulation is a part of local law products in the form of legal policy which called as beleidregels. Based on that form, if there any substantive problems from the legal policy so it could not be tested in the legal procedure because the legal policy was made based by the freedom of government. Thats why the government should create an alternative solution to solve the substantive problems from the local head regulation as a legal policy.

In accordance with the 6’th Sustainable Development Goals (SDG's), that ensurin availability and sustainable management of water and sanitation for all and with the launch of the 100-0-100 movement by Indonesian Government, which is a program to achieve the 100% accesss for water, 0% for slums, and 100% accesss to proper sanitation, Cilacap government need to work harder to achieve 100% accesss to proper sanitation especially in faecal sludge management that still needs to be improved. More than 98% households in Cilacap are using on-site sanitation system, without periodicaly emptied, and its causing problems in public health, and has impact for environmental and economic nearby communities. This study was held in Cilacap, a municipal in Central Java, Indonesia, using secondary data and literature review. This study aims to analyze feseability of the plan of implementation Scheduled Faecal Sludge Service (SFSS). Based on analysis, Cilacap are feasible to implementing SFSS as long as Cilacap could ensure to repair all gaps that shown in Gap analysis. Data of sludge service areas in cilacap, operating patterns, SFSS implementation procedures, and financial calculations must be made on preparation stage of SFSS.

This research focuses on MTO strategy in fragrance division of PT GI which has a number of workstations with multiple tools, resources and products profile. The aims are developing a mathematic model of capacity planning system and analyzing the maximum production capacity and flexibility of resources to meet demand. The method is using RCCP technique that consists of product-load profiles, bills of capacity and labors. Cluster technical of sampling and probability plot are used for measuring and analyzing the output of each process and validating the mathematic model of capacity plan in order to establish certain specific sources, especially those expected to be a potential barrier (potential bottleneck), is sufficient to cover the expected demand till one year ahead.

Study of reproduction and economic estimation aspect in cow which innovated of reproduction technology ABSTRACT. Twenty cows head were used in research to know aspect reproduce and economic estimation in cow which innovated by reproduction technology. All of cows in allocated into two groups at random each 10 heads. The first group come from farmer of co-operation member of Ciamis was used as control without innovated by reproduction technology, that mean the cow was naturally of oestrous and inseminated with frozen semen not a result of separation sex. The second group come from farmer group “lumba-lumba” innovated with oestrous synchronization which was injected prosolvin of 7.5 mg per headl by intramuscular (i.m.) and super ovulated with injected fertagyl of 150 mg per tail by i.m., and then it oestrous was inseminated with frozen semen result of sex separation. Research result indicates that technically there were difference of performance reproduce in cow which is innovated by reproduction technology than control. It concluded that the improvement of reproduction efficiency in cow after innovated by technology of reproduction in term of type of birth in twin and increasing of male sex up to 12 percent. It is in line with the economic estimation of cow which is technological application of reproduction improves generating revenue up to 22.35 percent per month.

TPACK is a trending teacher expertise framework for teaching using digital technology. However, not many studies have revealed the relationship of the seven TPACK factors with demographic factors. This study aimed to determine the effect of gender, teaching experience, place of teaching, and level of education on the perception of TPACK for science teachers. A total of 1,357 high school science teachers were involved in this research. The survey data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Overall results show that gender influences the perception of TPACK. On the teaching experience factor, teachers with less than five years of teaching experience have higher perceptions of TK, TPK, TCK, and TPACK. The teacher's workplace significantly differs in perceptions of TK and TCK. Regarding education level, teachers with a master's degree education have a higher and significantly higher TPACK perception than teachers with a bachelor's degree.

Critical thinking and problem-solving skills are necessary skills in the 21st century learning. However, the initial tests of students' critical thinking and problem-solving skills showed low scores. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to improve students' critical thinking and problem-solving skills through the POGIL (Process Oriented Guided Inquiry Learning) model combined with a digital mind map based on online learning. This study uses the Classroom Action Research (CAR) method following the design of Kemmis & McTaggart, which consists of 4 stages, namely planning, implementing the action, observing, and reflecting. The stages of the POGIL model consist of orientation, exploration, concept formation combined with making digital mind maps, applications, and closings. The research subjects were students of class XI MIPA 4 of SMAN 2 Malang, totaling 28 students which consisted of twenty girls and eight boys. The percentage of critical thinking skills achievement increased by 29.61% from 66.87% in the first cycle to 86.67% in the second cycle. Problem-solving skills increased by 22.16% from 70.27% in the first cycle to 85.84% in the second cycle. The results showed that the POGIL model combined with a digital mind map based on online learning could improve students' critical thinking and problem-solving skills.

Hydrogen isclassified as New Energy and also considered as the most promising transportation fuel candidate in the future. Various pilots test of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles by the world's leading automotive industries since the last 50 years have begun to show bright spot in the utilization of hydrogen-based fuel cells as vehicle fuel. The electrolysis process of water (H2O) would produce H2 (hydrogen) and O2 (oxygen). The conventional method resulted in inconsistent volume and quality of HHO gas. However, the current development of HHO gas production through electrolysis process varies in term of materials, production process, design of certain tools, and technical modifications to obtain optimum results. In this research, the Hybrid Multistack TypeHHO generator has been designed and developed by combining two types of dry and wet cell generators. In this study using both cell type generator (wet and dry cell) or called as a hybrid type. Through the process of electrolysis in HHO enclosure space, the HHO gas was produced. The volume of HHO gas obtained from the HHO generator as an alternative fuel is strongly influenced by the electrical current supplied and the concentration of KOH catalyst used. The test was conducted with four stages of catalyst amount from 5.6g/L; 11.2g/L; 16.8g/L; and 22.4g/L. The applied current is linearly increased, with the increasing HHO gas production. It is proven when with the amount of catalyst used at 22.4g/L, the average HHO gas produced is 230.3mL/min. The author analyzes the performance of the generator in term of current and HHO gas production at a predetermined 12V constant voltage.

For the past decade, active suspension systems had made up most of research area concerning vehicle dynamics. For this review, recent studies on automobile active suspensions systems were examined. Several vehicular suspension types were also described to compare amongst them. From published investigations by previous researchers, various automotive suspensions in terms of cost, weight, structure, reliability, ride comfortability, dynamic and handling performance were exhibited and compared. After careful examination, it was concluded that electromagnetic active suspensions should be the general direction of vehicle suspension designs due to its energy regeneration, high bandwidth, simpler structure, flexible and accurate force control, better handling performance as well as drive characteristics.

The Social Security System in Indonesia has been regulated by the government, and the program is managed by an agency called Social Insurance Administration Organization (BPJS). Associated with the existence of social security functions for workers, its practice presents a gap between what is expected and what is regulated. For this reason, it is therefore necessary to examine, firstly, what kind of legal protection of workers is covered by this national social security system managed in BPJS program and, secondly, what constraints are encountered in its implementation. This research is Juridical Normative one, with normative qualitative data analysis. The research finds that the social security is correlated not only with the welfare of employees who are assessed by the level of wages provided by the organization, rather it is also correlated with other factors in the form of health and safety assurance. In the broader context, social welfare is measured not only when the person is at work and gets social security benefits, rather the measure of his welfare is also applicable when the worker is not working and/or when they retire. On the basis of these, the social security program is an integral aspect of social security to which the government should give a legal protection.

Within the framework of sovereign country under the Constitution of 1945, the regulation concerning social security stated in Article 28H paragraph (3) and article 34 paragraph (2). Social security is also guaranteed under the Declaration of Human Rights Year1948 and confirmed in ILO Convention number 102 in 1952 that urge all countries to give maximum protection to labors. As continuation of those regulations, a national system of social security has been formed to result integrated and vast social protection. Transformation of labor security from JAMSOSTEK (Social Protection for Labors), ASKES (Health Insurance) to a mergence called BPJS (Social Security Administrative Body) has been a reforming step that gives legal implication to the rights and responsibility of its stakeholders. The policy of social security system, then demanded that the body is divided into two main different tasks: Health Security Administrative Body (BPJS Kesehatan), Labor Security Administrative Body (BPJS Ketenagakerjaan). This distinction leads to the conversion of membership, programs, asset, liability, workers, right, responsibilities, as well as the addition of a new program called pension security, especially within the framework of Labor Security Administrative Body. This is, in short, to pursue an integrated and inclusive administration of social security.