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The main goal of this research was to determine the differences in nutritional levels between sixth grade female students from Central, Northern and Southern region of Montenegro. The sample consisted of 43 girls aged 11- 12 years, who were divided into 3 subsamples, according to the criterion of place of residence. The following variables were measured: body height, body weight, and waist circumference. Level of nutrition was calculated using two indices body mass index and waist-to-height ratio index, which are presented numerically and in percentages. Basic central and dispersion parameters were calculated for each variable. Differences in nutrition levels between regions were calculated by the Chi square test. According to the results, female students from the Northern region are more obese than the other two regions. Also, not too worrying percentages of obese children have been obtained, but we should definitely work on its prevention and prevention of its occurrence.

The goal of this study is to analyse the scientific productivity of Montenegrin researchers in the field of sports sciences, as well as the trend of publishing in Montenegrin sports sciences journals. The research covers studies with a focus on the sports sciences issues published in the period from 2002 to 2019. Google Scholar, Scopus, and Web of Science (the electronic databases) were searched for articles available until September 22, 2021. Results were summarized according to the instructions of PRISMA guidelines and present the number of citations, h-index, i10-index and the number of articles by the authors. The study results shows that researchers from the field of sports sciences publish multiple publications in 2021 compared to 2002. In Google scholar database citation rate is highest, and span from 596 and 14959. On the other side, the same researchers were cited quite less in Scopus and Web of Science databases. When we talk about Montenegrin journals, three are registered in the Google Scholar Database. The Sport Mont journal is the most cited one with the highest h-index (44); the Montenegrin Journal of Sports Science and Medicine is the best ranked Montenegrin journal according to the bibliometric data from the Scopus and Web of Science databases; the Journal of Anthropology of Sport and Physical Education have constant progress in the last years. It was indicated the highest impact was recognized in the last four years, according to citations of available articles published by Montenegrin authors. Also, the number of published articles in the last four year is significant, and progress can be expected in the future.

Classical, neoclassical, institutional and other schools have debated what is crucial for economic growth. Literature review related to economic growth models is extensive. The objective of our paper is to construct a model of economic growth determinants in EU countries, with focus on construction. Our model includes determinants that reflect the impact of construction on economic growth, which is the contribution to existing literature. It has been created for three groups of countries: EU28, old EU and new EU countries. We believe that this has improved the quality of the results and enabled a comparative analysis of the old and new EU countries. In order to create a model, we used a strongly balanced panel of 28 EU countries in the period 1995–2019 and employed the difference-in-differences approach. Our results for EU28 confirm positive effect of industry, gross fixed capital formation, production in construction and cost construction index on GDP, while gross wages are statistically insignificant. FDIs have low negative impact on economic growth in EU28 and old EU, but statistically insignificant in new EU countries. CO2 is significant and positively correlated with economic growth in all countries. Based on empirical results, we propose policy relevance in concluding remarks. First published online 21 October 2022

In Montenegro billiards has it's long history, but according to fact that it is actively and en masse played throughout Montenegro, it certainly has it's present and future. Aim of this research is to examine attitudes of billiard players from Montenegro towards necessity to establish billiard association. The instrument of this research is a survey questionnaire. The respondents are active billiard players from Montenegro, 78 of them, average age of 33.35±7.94 years, who expressed their attitudes by choosing one of offered answers on asked question. This study results are analysed by Google Forms platform. Based on the results of this research, the conclusion is that Montenegrin billiard players consider that Montenegro needs to establish national billiard association.

Closure of all educational institutions as well as various facilities for sports and recreation, due to the COVID-19 pandemic and the adoption of social movement restrictions, impaired the possibility of maintaining healthy living habits of the student population. The aim of this research was to identify changes in healthy living habits and exercise approach of sports-active female students, caused by the COVID-19 pandemic, in order to prevent possible harmful consequences on their physical fitness level. The sample of respondents were female students (n=110; 22.1±1.69 years of age), who stated that they were active members of various sports clubs during the period before the COVID-19 pandemic. A survey questionnaire was used in the study to assess a healthy lifestyle. The analysis of the obtained answers within the survey questionnaire was evaluated in relation to the percentage values of the frequencies of these answers. The results indicate that the level of regular and planned physical exercise of sports-active female students decreased by 41.7% during the COVID-19 pandemic, and that the level of their physical condition decreased by 38.2%. Changes in eating habits were recorded in 50% of female sportsactive female students, while 36.3% of them reported changes in weight gain. The largest number of sportsactive female students practiced basic exercises for body shaping, relaxation and stretching (89.2%) and strength exercises with own body weight as load intensity (82.4%). Accordingly, it is also necessary to find possible ways, in order to raise awareness of the importance of maintaining their sports and healthy living habits. This primarily refers to maintaining their healthy physical condition, which is also related to their eating habits, as well as preventing the possible occurrence of undesirable health conditions. Such different approaches may apply to all future pandemic conditions, or similar life-threatening conditions.

The aim of this study is to observe the trend of anthropometric characteristics in Montenegrin recruits born from 1957 to 1969 from Bar. The sample of respondents in this study numbered a total of 3,670 future soldiers with an average age of 18.19±0.69, who were tested for military service in the period from 20 February 1979 to 21 April 1987. The average body height of the total sample of future soldiers was 175.82±7.04, the average body weight was 68.33±9.73, and the average value of body mass index was 22.06±2.58. The highest body height (178.06±8.67) was in the group of recruits born in 1960. The highest body weight (75.14±5.87) and body mass index (23.96±1.84) was in the group of recruits born in 1957. The value of the body mass index of all future soldiers shows that everyone was in the zone of normal weight. It should be noted that some of these respondents were measured before the age of 18. This means that their growth was not complete. There is a possibility that they on average had a higher body height with the completion of growth and development than this research shows. The results show that all generations of young men from Bar were at that time of a normal weight. This fact is not surprising because it is known that life was different then than it is now. The results of this study are very important in monitoring the trend of these 3 variables in the Montenegrin population, but they also have some limitations. As mentioned above, the rule for recruiting future soldiers was to be tested before the age of 18, when growth and development were not complete yet, and the results after the completion of the growth and development of the respondents would probably be slightly different from these results. Also, some generations had a small number of recruits

The determination of trends and prediction of stock prices is one of the main tasks of the MACD (Moving Average Convergence Divergence) and the RVI (Relative Volatility Index) indicators of the technical analysis. The research covers the sample representing stocks which are continually traded on the financial market of the Republic of Serbia. Subject of this research is to determine the possibility of MACD and RVI indicators application in investment decision making processes on the financial market of the Republic of Serbia. The main goal of the research is to identify the most profitable parameters of the MACD and RVI indicators as functions of investment strategy optimization on the financial market. The main hypothesis of the research is that the application of the MACD and RVI indicators of technical analysis significantly contributes to investment strategy optimization on the financial market. The applied methodology during the research includes analyses, synthesis and statistical/ mathematical methods with special focus on the method of moving averages. Research results indicate significant possibilities in application of MACD and RVI indicators of technical analysis as functions of making optimum decisions on investment. According to the obtained results it is concluded that the application of the optimized MACD and RVI indicators of technical analysis in decision making process on investing on the financial market significantly contributes maximization of profitability on investments.

The aim of the paper is to find out whether euro is a convenient substitution for U.S. dollar as an anchor currency for Iranian rial and whether this replacement would affect Iran’s international trade positively. We explore these effects via Optimum Currency Area (OCA) theories using generalized least square from 2000 to 2018. Based on OCA index, euro would be a good substitution for U.S. dollar as an anchor for Iranian rial. In addition, gravity model and Generalized Method of Moments estimation confirm that substitution of U.S. dollar by euro would improve bilateral trade between Iran and its major trade partners especially the European Economic and Monetary Union (EMU). Furthermore, we confirm that a basket containing main currencies (euro, U.S. dollar, yuan, Russian rubble) would be more efficient than a single currency anchor however euro should be prominent in the basket. Such a change of anchor could positively contribute to reduction of transaction costs, diversification of external risk, rise of mutual trade exchanges between Iran and the EMU or the EU and consequent economic growth of trade partners. The paper contributes to the existing literature by comprehensive methodological approach how to identify an appropriate anchor currency. First published online 2 June 2021