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Background: Mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) epileptiform discharges have been reported to arise from the hippocampus or the extrahippocampal medial temporal cortex, such as the amygdala, and then propagate to the temporal lobe cortex. The surgical ablation of which of these structures would result in a better postoperative outcome is debatable. Objective: To assess the possible factors that might have influenced the postoperative outcome of a group of drug-resistant mesial MTLE patients who underwent stereoelectroencephalography (SEEG)-guided radiofrequency thermocoagulation (RFTC). Design: Single-center, retrospective. Methods: The present study utilized a pre- and postoperative gray matter voxel-by-voxel ablation mapping comparison approach, along with a white matter mapping of longitudinal changes in the native space technique, to evaluate the association between the post-SEEG implantation signal recordings (obtained from clinically relevant electrode contacts used during RFTC) and the post-RFTC ablation volume of the different selected regions of interest (ROIs). Results: The study included 22 patients (12 men and 10 women, mean age 28.86 ± 14.04 years). Sixteen patients (72.72%) were seizure-free (SF), and six patients (27.27%) were non-SF. Five patients (22.72%) experienced mild side effects following RFTC. The post-RFTC follow-up period varied from 12 to 48 months, with an average of 24.17 ± 9.86 months. The SF group was associated with a higher number of implanted electrode contacts in the amygdala that were used during RFTC, a larger preoperative volume of the amygdala; a larger ablation volume of both the amygdala and rhinal cortex. The ablation volume of the white matter was statistically similar between both groups. Conclusion: This study provides valuable insights into the significance of the amygdala and rhinal cortex as ROIs in the preoperative evaluation of patients with MTLE. Future implantation scheme plans should consider evaluating the preoperative volume of these ROIs. Additionally, increasing the number of electrode contacts implanted within these regions might be beneficial to capture more clinically relevant signals and enhance their ablation volume. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rational design of efficient and economical bifunctional electrocatalysts remained a challenge for overall water electrolysis. In this work, the Ni‐boride/ phosphide particles anchored amorphous B‐doped carbon layer with hierarchical porous characteristics in Ni foam (Ni3P/Ni3B/B−C/NF) was fabricated for overall water splitting. The Boroncarbide (B4C) power was filled and fixed in the NF interspace through the electroplating and electroless plating, and then annealed in vacuum high temperature. The amorphous B−C layer derived from the B4 C not only speeded up the electron transport, but also cooperate with Ni‐boride/phosphide to enhance the electrocatalytic activity for HER and OER synergistically. Furthermore, the hierarchical porous architecture of Ni3P/Ni3B/B−C/NF increased space utilization to load more active materials. The self‐supported Ni3P/Ni3B/B−C/NF electrode possessed a low overpotential of 212 and 280 mV to deliver 100 mA cm−2 for HER and OER, respectively, and high stability for 48 h. In particular, the electrolyzer constituted with the Ni3P/Ni3B/B−C/NF bifunctional electrocatalyst only required a voltage of 1.59 V at 50 mA cm−2 for water electrocatalysis under alkaline medium, and demonstrated long‐term stability for 48 h. This study provides a new technical path for the development of bifunctional of transition metal borides to promote the application of hydrogen production from water splitting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We conducted an analysis on the combined effects of two light conditions (L1: greenhouse natural lighting; L2: greenhouse natural lighting plus supplemental lighting (SL)) and three nutrient solution concentrations (EC, NS1: 3.2 dS/m; NS2: 3.7 dS/m; NS3: 4.2 dS/m) on the growth, fruit production, and quality of two cherry tomato cultivars with different fruit coloring ('Baiyu' and 'Qianxi'). The plants subjected to NS2 exhibited enhanced growth, photosynthetic parameters, and fruit production. The utilization of SL further enhanced stem diameter, leaf number, and single fruit weight, resulting in higher fruit weight per plant in 'Baiyu', which was not observed in 'Qianxi'. The growth, fruit size, and fruit weight of both cultivars cultivated under NS3 conditions were suppressed, while these fruits exhibited elevated levels of total soluble solids (TSS), soluble sugars, vitamin C, polyphenols, fructose, glucose, sucrose, citric acid, and carotenoids. These levels were further enhanced by SL treatment. The improvement of fruit quality through the application of SL was found to be cultivar and EC dependent. In 'Baiyu', SL at NS1 significantly enhanced the accumulation of fruit water, minerals (N, P, K, Ca, and Mg), TSS, vitamin C, fructose, sucrose, and carotenoids. However, this effect was not observed in 'Qianxi'. The combination of SL and EC 4.2 dS/m (NS3) generally contributes to the enhancement of fruit quality, while SL and EC 3.7 dS/m can ensure consistent fruit production. The yellowish-white fruit cultivar exhibited higher levels of soluble sugars, vitamin C, and polyphenols under L2NS3 conditions compared to the red fruit cultivar, whereas the carotenoid content showed an opposite trend. The findings are anticipated to establish a theoretical foundation for the consistent annual cultivation of cherry tomatoes in protected horticultural settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In flowering Chinese cabbage, early booting is one of the most important characteristics that is linked with quality and production. Through fixed light intensity (280 μmol·m−2·s−1) and fixed intermittent lighting in flowering Chinese cabbage, there was early bolting, bud emergence, and flowering. Moreover, the aboveground fresh weight, blade area, dry weight of blade, and quantification of the leaves in flowering Chinese cabbage were significantly reduced, while the thickness of tillers, tillers height, dry weight of tillers, and tillers weight were significantly increased. The chlorophyll contents and soil–plant analysis and development (SPAD) value decreased in the early stage and increased in the later stage. The nitrate content decreased, while the photosynthetic rate, vitamin C content, soluble sugar content, soluble protein content, phenolic content, and flavonoid content increased, and mineral elements also accumulated. In order to explore the mechanism of intermittent light promoting the early bolting and flowering of '49d' flowering Chinese cabbage, this study analyzed the transcriptional regulation from a global perspective using RNA sequencing. A total of 17,086 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were obtained and 396 DEGs were selected that were closely related to early bolting. These DEGs were mainly involved in pollen wall assembly and plant circadian rhythm pathways, light action (34 DEGs), hormone biosynthesis and regulation (26 DEGs), development (21 DEGs), and carbohydrate synthesis and transport (6 DEGs). Three hub genes with the highest connectivity were identified through weighted gene co-expression network analysis (WGCNA): BrRVE, BrLHY, and BrRVE1. It is speculated that they may be involved in the intermittent light regulation of early bolting in flowering Chinese cabbage. In conclusion, intermittent light can be used as a useful tool to regulate plant growth structure, increase planting density, enhance photosynthesis, increase mineral accumulation, accelerate growth, and shorten the breeding cycle. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aquaporins (AQPs) regulate the transport of water and other substrates, aiding plants in adapting to stressful environments. However, the knowledge of AQPs in salt‐secreting and viviparous Avicennia marina is limited. In this study, 46 AmAQPs were identified in A. marina genome, and their subcellular localisation and function in transporting H2O2 and boron were assessed through bioinformatics analysis and yeast transformation. Through analysing their expression patterns via RNAseq and real‐time quantitative polymerase chain reaction, we found that most AmAQPs were downregulated in response to salt and tidal flooding. AmPIP (1;1, 1;7, 2;8, 2;9) and AmTIP (1;5, 1;6) as salt‐tolerant candidate genes may contribute to salt secretion together with Na+/H+ antiporters. AmPIP2;1 and AmTIP1;5 were upregulated during tidal flooding and may be regulated by anaerobic‐responsive element and ethylene‐responsive element cis‐elements, aiding in adaptation to tidal inundation. Additionally, we found that the loss of the seed desiccation and dormancy‐related TIP3 gene, and the loss of the seed dormancy regulator DOG1 gene, or DOG1 protein lack heme‐binding capacity, may be genetic factors contributing to vivipary. Our findings shed light on the role of AQPs in A. marina adaptation to intertidal environments and their relevance to salt secretion and vivipary. Summary statement: AmAQPs respond to salinity and tidal inundation in Avicennia marina, some of which play a role in salt gland secretion and function as water effluxes. The absence of TIP3, an aquaporin isoform, and the loss of DOG1, or its ability to bind to heme, may be one of the causes of vivipary in mangrove plants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]