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Copyright of Journal of Plant Production is the property of Egyptian National Agricultural Library (ENAL) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The present investigation was carried out at Sakha Agricultural Research Station, Kafr El-Sheikh and clayey saline soil at the experimental farm of El-Sirw Agricultural Research Station, Agriculture Research Center, Damietta governorate (31°14'N and 31°48'E) at the northern east of the Delta, Egypt during 2021 and 2022 seasons. Four Egyptian rice genotypes i.e. Giza178, Giza179, GZ9399-4-1-1-3-2-2 as a salt tolerant varieties and Sakha 106 as salt sensitive one were used as line and three rice genotypes; IRRI147 and IR65483 (salt tolerant varieties), Egyptian Jasmine ( salt moderately salinity tolerant variety) as tester were utilized. The parental varieties were crossed by using line & tester's analysis and twelve crosses were obtained. The F1 and their parents were grown and evaluated under saline soil. The studied characters were yield and yield attributes. The obtained results indicated that the parents, Giza178, Giza179 and IRRI147 were the best parents for general combining ability for studied traits under saline soil conditions. Meanwhile, the crosses, Giza179xIRRI147, Giza178xIRRI147 and Giza179xE.Jasmine were the best performing crosses and could be used under salinity condition as well as are considered as the most effective for getting promising lines. Assessing the genetic distance and linkages between seven different rice types were used to perform ISSR markers to identify genetic differences that could aid in the creation hybridization and selection of breeding program. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Interface engineering in complex oxide superlattices is a growing field, enabling manipulation of the exceptional properties of these materials, and also providing access to new phases and emergent physical phenomena. Here we demonstrate how interfacial interactions can induce a complex charge and spin structure in a bulk paramagnetic material. We investigate a superlattice (SLs) consisting of paramagnetic LaNiO3 (LNO) and highly spin-polarized ferromagnetic La2/3Ca1/3MnO3 (LCMO), grown on SrTiO3 (001) substrate. We observed emerging magnetism in LNO through an exchange bias mechanism at the interfaces in X-ray resonant magnetic reflectivity. We find non-symmetric interface induced magnetization profiles in LNO and LCMO which we relate to a periodic complex charge and spin superstructure. High resolution scanning transmission electron microscopy images reveal that the upper and lower interfaces exhibit no significant structural variations. The different long range magnetic order emerging in LNO layers demonstrates the enormous potential of interfacial reconstruction as a tool for tailored electronic properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Thin ferromagnetic La2/3Ca1/3MnO3 layers are deposited in between two layers of the high-Tc superconductor YBa2Cu3O7–δ (YBCO) by pulsed laser deposition. Using a tailored buffer layer allows the change of the orientation of the CuO2 planes inside the superconducting layers. With this technique it is possible to produce ferromagnetic barrier layers with high ferromagnetic transition temperatures that are thinner than the coherence length of the adjacent superconductors. Magnetization and electric transport measurements suggest that this geometry might be successful for the generation of ferromagnetic Josephson junctions in high temperature superconducting YBCO. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The atomic structures of SrTiO3 (STO)/LaNiO3 (LNO)/STO heterostructure interfaces were investigated by spherical aberration-corrected (CS) (scanning) transmission electron microscopy. Atomic displacement and lattice distortion measurements and electron energy loss spectroscopy (EELS) were used to quantitatively analyze the distortion of the interfacial octahedra and the bond length at the interfaces. Combined with high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM) and scanning transmission electron microscopy analyses, two distinct interfacial atomic terminating layers are unambiguously determined. Ensuing quantitative HRTEM measurements revealed that the Ni-O bond length in the interfacial octahedral is elongated at the bottom interface (–NiO2-SrO–). Atomic displacement shows structural relaxation effects when crossing the interfaces and lattice distortions across the interface is more pronounced in LNO than in STO. The Ti/O atomic ratio, La and Ti relative atomic ratio as derived by EELS quantification indicate non-stoichiometric composition at the interfaces. Distinct fine structures of Ti-L2,3 edge and O-K edge at the bottom and top interfaces are observed. By comparison, we are able to estimate Ti valency at both interfaces. Combining the structural distortions and Ti valency, the polar discontinuity and charge transfer at the interfaces are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this work, we comparatively investigated two MgB2 films: one (F1) was typically fabricated using the PLD method, while the other (F2) was fabricated using the same method but on top of a 100-nm-thick CrO2 layer. Both films had a thickness of 300 nm and were annealed ex situ at 700 °C for 30 min before being investigated under an external magnetic field of up to ± 7 T. The activation energy (Uo), upper critical field (HC2), irreversibility field (Hirr), magnetoresistance (MR), and I-V characteristics for the two films were studied in detail, and the results were compared with theoretical models. XRD analysis showed that both films are c-axis-oriented, while the RRR values for the films were found to be 1.6 and 1.89, respectively. Experimental data showed a broadening of the R-T transitions for an increasing magnetic field, with such broadening observed to be wider for F2 due to surface superconductivity. The activation energy under magnetic fields ranging from 0 to 7 T was calculated using our data and compared with a theoretical model. In both films, Uo followed a parabolic curve but was higher for F2 up to 6 T before sharply decreasing, while it continued to follow the same trend for F1 up to 7 T. The theoretical model was in good agreement with F1 for the full span of magnetic fields used. HC2 and Hirr were estimated and fitted using Ginzburg–Landau theory, but although the fitting was very good for F1, some modification in fitting parameters was required to obtain the same fitting for F2. Magnetoresistance and I-V characteristics confirm that the CrO2 layer in F2 leads to faster damage to the superconductivity property for high magnetic fields and temperatures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A MgB2 film was deposited on an Al2O3 substrate (1102) using pulsed laser deposition (PLD) and in situ annealing at 700 °C for 30 min. The thickness of the film was 600 nm. The film was investigated using a PPMS system from Quantum Design. The film presented a critical temperature of 36 K, and XRD analysis showed that the film is preferentially c-oriented. Transport properties that were measured or estimated included the following: upper critical field, HC2, irreversibility field, Hirr, activation energy, Uo, magnetoresistance, MR and I-V characteristics. We completed investigations under different magnetic fields (0-7 T) applied perpendicular to the film at different temperatures. The results showed the remarkable dependence of both TC and ΔTC on the field. ΔTC increased continually from 1.6 K at no field up to 3.8 K for 7 T. The strong dependence of Uo on the magnetic field was observed, but Uo decreased faster for high fields from 451 meV at 0 T down to 210 meV at 7 T. The sharp decrease of Uo indicated that the weakening of the effective pinning forces is more rapid at higher fields. HC2 and Hirr were estimated using the Arrhenius law, and the HC2(0) value was 21 T. The current-voltage (I-V) characteristics measurements at different conditions showed hysteresis in the critical current, IC, which was temperature- and magnetic field-dependent. Although the critical current degraded linearly with increasing magnetic field, the hysteresis width, ΔI, tended to decrease in value more quickly at higher temperatures. Hysteresis has been attributed to weaker intergrain coupling and larger effective fields at the grain boundaries in the film. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Agricultural Chemistry & Biotechnology is the property of Egyptian National Agricultural Library (ENAL) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Agricultural Chemistry & Biotechnology is the property of Egyptian National Agricultural Library (ENAL) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Journal of Agricultural Chemistry & Biotechnology is the property of Egyptian National Agricultural Library (ENAL) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

We have used the pulsed laser deposition (PLD) technique followed by post-annealing process with magnesium vapor at 700C for 30 min to grow a high-quality CrO/MgB bilayer prepared on AlO (1102) single crystal. The X-ray diffraction patterns showed high-quality orientated growth of MgB phase. The obtained films were approximately 300 nm thick and had lateral dimensions of 5×5 mm. SQUID magnetometry, magneto-optical Faraday microscopy, and magneto-transport techniques were used in order to measure the critical current density (J) that was found to be 7- 9×10 A/cm at 15 K. Transition temperature (T) for the films was ∼37 K. The obtained magnetic hysteresis loops at low temperatures exhibited asymmetry with respect to H = 0. This can be explained in terms of pinning of flux lines in the films due to magnetic interaction with the ferromagnetic CrO layer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The occurrence of the optical second harmonic generation (SHG) at fundamental wavelength of Er:glass nanosecond 1,540 nm stimulated by two coherent CO microsecond laser beams at wavelengths 10.6 and 5.3 μm was observed for the MgB films. The SHG signal has shown its sensitivity to the occurrence of the superconducting (SC) phase transition. The SHG achieves its maximum at temperatures higher with respect to the SC transition. The effect is reversible with respect to the photo induced treatment. After the switching off of the external photoinducing treatment the effect almost disappears. However, this still strongly affects the SC properties of the MgB thin layers, as the critical current is increased by 50 % after illumination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The electron-phonon interaction is of central importance for the electrical and thermal properties of solids, and its influence on superconductivity, colossal magnetoresistance and other many-body phenomena in correlated-electron materials is the subject of intense research at present. However, the non-local nature of the interactions between valence electrons and lattice ions, often compounded by a plethora of vibrational modes, presents formidable challenges for attempts to experimentally control and theoretically describe the physical properties of complex materials. Here we report a Raman scattering study of the lattice dynamics in superlattices of the high-temperature superconductor YBa2Cu3O7 (YBCO) and the colossal-magnetoresistance compound La2/3Ca1/3MnO3 that suggests a new approach to this problem. We find that a rotational mode of the MnO6 octahedra in La2/3Ca1/3MnO3 experiences pronounced superconductivity-induced line-shape anomalies, which scale linearly with the thickness of the YBCO layers over a remarkably long range of several tens of nanometres. The transfer of the electron-phonon coupling between superlattice layers can be understood as a consequence of long-range Coulomb forces in conjunction with an orbital reconstruction at the interface. The superlattice geometry thus provides new opportunities for controlled modification of the electron-phonon interaction in complex materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Please cite this paper as: Taher S, Inder J, Soltan S, Eliahoo J, Edmonds D, Bennett P. Prostaglandin E2 vaginal gel or tablets for the induction of labour at term: a randomised controlled trial. BJOG 2011;118:719-725. To compare the effectiveness of prostaglandin E2 (dinopristone) vaginal gel versus vaginal tablets for the induction of labour at term. Randomised controlled clinical trial. University maternity hospital in London. Pregnant women with cephalic presentation undergoing induction of labour after 37 weeks of gestation. Prostaglandin E2 vaginal tablets (3 mg) or vaginal gel (1 mg/2 mg) was administered at 6-hourly intervals until the cervix was suitable for amniotomy. Induction to delivery interval, in minutes; rate of failed induction of labour requiring caesarean delivery. Eighty-two women received prostaglandin gel; 83 women received vaginal tablets. There were significant differences between the two treatment groups in the primary outcomes. The mean induction to delivery interval was significantly shorter in women who received the gel (1400 minutes, 690-2280 minutes, versus 1780 minutes, 960-2640 minutes; P = 0.03). The rate of failed induction of labour was significantly higher in women who received tablets (10.84 versus 1.22%; P = 0.01). Subanalysis showed that these differences were only representative of differences in the groups of primigravid women. There were no significant differences in any of the secondary outcomes, including the number of women who required syntocinon augmentation, the rate of uterine hyperstimulation, the need for epidural analgesia, meconium staining of liquor, the need for fetal blood sampling, or delivery by caesarean section. There were no differences in adverse maternal and neonatal outcomes. Prostaglandin E2 vaginal gel is superior to vaginal tablets for the induction of labour. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hybrid systems of thin films of oxide ferromagnets and hightemperature superconductors have been investigated by scanning Hall probe microscopy (SHPM) to analyze the local magnetic flux density distribution at low temperatures. In addition to the intrinsic properties of the films themselves, such structures exhibit novel phenomena due to complex interactions arising at the interface between them. The latter can be divided into processes originating from either electronic or magnetic coupling, respectively. As a direct consequence, the distribution of vortices in the superconductor is strongly influenced by the magnetic background arising from the ferromagnet. The local magnetic information obtained from SHPM images provides clear evidence for the presence of a magnetic dipolar interaction between the magnetic domains of the ferromagnetic component and the vortex ensemble in the superconductor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Heterostructures consisting of ferromagnetic La2/3Ca1/3MnO3 and superconducting YBa2Cu3O7-x layers were fabricated by conventional pulsed laser deposition in conjunction with shadow mask techniques to define appropriate sample geometries. Using standard dc- four probe measurements we observe a 2% decrease of Tc for injection current densities of 5.10-2 A/cm2 in the case of unpolarized quasiparticles whereas highly spin polarized quasiparticles show a much stronger decrease of 14%. This result clearly demonstrates that the spin plays a crucial role in the Tc reduction. The results are discussed within the frame of a theoretical model based on the Owen-Scalapino approach for nonequilibrium effects in superconductors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A strain of bacteria able to detoxicate the herbicide diuron in pure culture was isolated from sites contaminated with different urea herbicides. Diuron was used as a sole source of carbon and energy by this isolate which is a Gram-negative, aerobic, rod-shaped bacterium with a single polar flagellum, and grows at 40°C. The strain has been identified as Pseudomonas sp. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A heterostructure comprised of a 2.7 nm (7 unit cell) thick layer of the metallic ferromagnet La2/3Ca1/3MnO3 and two 50 nm thick layers of the high-temperature superconductor YBa2Cu3O7 epitaxially grown on (100) SrTiO3 by pulsed-laser deposition was characterized by magnetization measurements and spherical-aberration-corrected high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The saturation magnetization is about half of that in bulk La2/3Ca1/3MnO3. A massive reduction in the magnetization previously inferred from sputter-deposited La2/3Ca1/3MnO3–YBa2Cu3O7 heterostructures can be ruled out. HRTEM image analysis, combined with image simulation and a focus series reconstruction, revealed atomically sharp epitaxial structures with stacking sequences –(La,Ca)O–CuO2– and –BaO–MnO– at the top and bottom interface. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We have investigated the magnetic properties of Fe doped Cd1-xFexS diluted magnetic semiconducting nanocrystalline thin films for different doping concentrations (0.05 ≤ x ≤ 0.2) synthesized by electron beam evaporation technique. X-ray diffraction patterns confirm the existence of single phase nature in all the Fe doped Cd1-xFexS samples with hexagonal wurtzite type structure with a strong (002) preferred orientation. Evidence of nanocrystalline nature of the films was observed from the investigation of surface morphology using scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy. Magnetic domains were observed by using magnetic force microscopy at room temperature indicating the existence of ferromagnetism over the film surface. The temperature and field dependent magnetization measurements by using superconducting quantum interference device showed ferromagnetic behavior between room temperature and low temperature (5 K) with a Tc at or above room temperature for the nanostructure samples with 0.1 ≤ x ≤ 0.2. The saturation magnetization for Cd1-xFexS system is found to increase with the dopant concentration (x). The exchange interaction between local spin polarized electrons (Fe3+ ions) and conductive electrons according to Ruderman-Kittel-Kasuya-Yosida mechanism, rather than from the Fe oxide impurities, is proposed to be the possible mechanism for ferromagnetism. These results show that the Fe-doped CdS nanocrystalline films can be employed in the fabrication of the nanoscale magnetic device. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The genetic parameters, eigenvalues in principal components, correlation, and path coefficient in Egyptian rice (Oryza sativa L.) proceeded to understand the interrelationship among studied traits, which helps develop selection strategies in genetic breeding programs under aerobic conditions. Twelve rice genotypes planted under the aerobic condition in a randomized complete block design included three replications during the 2020 and 2021 seasons. The analysis of variance revealed significant differences among studied genotypes, indicating a broad genetic diversity among its genotypes. Eigenvalues used helped to understand the data structure and trait relations and divided the 21 traits into two components. The highly positive phenotypic and genotypic correlations appeared in 16 characteristics, i.e., leaf area index, total chlorophyll, and antioxidant traits, indicating that any improvement of these traits will improve rice grain yield under aerobic conditions. The path structure showed that panicle weight, the number of panicles hill-1, catalase, superoxide dismutase, root length, and flag leaf area had increased grain yield. The current results indicated that Egyptian hybrid1, GZ9399, and Giza179 could recommend for cultivation under aerobic conditions and serve as donors in breeding programs to improve tolerance to drought under aerobic conditions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]