Search

Purpose: The aim of this research is to identify the most exposed business processes in the pandemic era and investigate how the COVID-19 pandemic affected these processes in the processing companies in Brod-Posavina County. Methodology: The questionnaire was sent electronically to the official e-mail addresses of 49 processing companies in Brod-Posavina County according to the FINA register. The questionnaire was filled in by 102 respondents from 35 processing companies. The survey included employees of companies with more than 3 years of work experience in the considered company who are employed in management, commercial, financial or technical positions. The study uses descriptive statistical analysis and multivariate factor analysis. Results: The most exposed business processes were selected. Based on respondent’s perceptions, research results confirm the exposure of all mentioned business processes to the coronavirus pandemic. “Work organization” and “commercial and financial area” are recognized as the most exposed business process and business area significantly exposed to the risk of unsustainability in Brod-Posavina County processing companies, respectively. Conclusion: The research findings confirmed the hypotheses of the paper, which propose that the disruption caused by the coronavirus pandemic had an impact on all business processes in processing companies and there was a business area significantly exposed to the risk of unsustainability in the conditions of the coronavirus pandemic. The identified business process and business area may serve as a basis for comparison in similar future cases.

The use of marketing concepts and methods can play an important role in increasing sales and securing greater market share. The aim of this paper is to determine the perceived impact of marketing mix (product, price, distribution and promotion according to Kotler, Wong, Saunders & Armstrong, 2006) on the decision to purchase different food products categories as well as to examine the perceived participant awareness about organic food products. The authors constructed a survey questionnaire with 23 particles for the research. Authors collected data from the period from 1 to 30 June, 2021. The sample is commemorative, and researches carried the sampling out with a snowball by publishing invitations to participate. The participation for the questionnaire completed 210 respondents, voluntary and anonymous, (85.2% women and 14.8% men) with an average age of 36.6 years. Research has shown that participants attach varying degrees of importance to the marketing mix components in the context of their influence on the decision to purchase different food products by attaching the greatest importance to the product itself and the least to product promotion. Regardless, the authors found no further differences with regard to the perceived degree of importance of the marketing mix components depending on the food products category, except in the case of cereal products, and in the way that the product is less important to participants when buying cereals than in other food products categories. On average, survey participants consider that they have a medium level knowledge of eco-certificates/food quality standards and a slightly higher than average level of habitual informing themselves about food, and at the time of purchase, higher than average level of awareness/information about organic food. The survey participants consider the quality standard to be a benefit in the food products category, but the connection has not established between information and attitudes about the environmental standard by assessing the importance of the components in the marketing mix.

Contemporary trends show that a "healthy lifestyle" is being promoted more and more and that more and more people care about the quality of life. Such a lifestyle, among other things, includes quality eating habits, in terms of healthy food. Healthy food has many benefits that positively affect the quality of life, which is why people are increasingly paying attention to what they eat. The detected problem investigated in this paper is the diversity and specificity of healthy food consumers. Every consumer has their own lifestyle that can be manifested by buying specific food products, and effective marketing allows consumers to find products that will meet their needs. Lifestyle influences the needs, desires and habits in buying products and services, as well as consumer behaviour. Food must meet certain criteria in order to be considered healthy. The specific goal of the paper is to present the elements of the marketing mix on the example of healthy food consumers. The paper defines and analyzes healthy food through four elements of the marketing mix, which includes product, price, promotion and distribution, compared to conventional food. There are many ways manufacturers can sell their products, and it can be said that elements of the marketing mix provide effective benefits for successful sales.

There are a number of factors that affect the performance of football players. One of the factors is certainly morphological features. Football is probably one of the most popular and widespread sports in the world and it can be said that so far a lot of researches have been carried out on football players as well as those whose aim was to determine the morphological characteristics of football players. It is already known that a greater amount of muscle mass produces more force that an athlete needs for successful action in sports. Unlike muscle mass, excess ballast has an opposite effect (reduces running speed, decreases explosive power, aerobic and anaerobic endurance). The main problem of this research is the analyses of changes in morphological characteristics of amateur senior football players under the influence of a programmed football treatment. The testing was conducted on 19 examinees of amateur senior football players of NK „Otocac“. They trained regularly 5 – 6 times a week and played competitive matches once a week according to football treatment through six micro cycles during the preparatory period. The examinees underwent five tests, two times in a period of 6 weeks. The results of the research show that specially designed and programmed football treatment can significantly affect the morphological characteristics of amateur senior football players.

With the aim of determining their psychological coping skills, 85 futsal players from the Croatian UniSport (Academic) First League of Futsal have been measured using the ACSI-28 questionnaire. Low levels of reliability have been determined on few questionnaire scales, but all given data has been analyzed because this kind of study on a population of student futsal players hadn’t been conducted in Croatia before. Average results from scales of psychological coping skills of futsal players vary between 3.06 on ‘freedom from worry’ scale up to medium high 3.81 on confidence/motivation scale. Groups of players of different chronological age and various futsal playing experience differ in psychological skill significance: a group of the youngest players has the lowest expression of ‘freedom from worry’ characteristic (F=3.97 ; p=0.02), while a group of the oldest players has a significantly lower expression of ‘coping with adversity’ characteristic (F=3.45 ; p=0.04) ; a group of players with a playing experience only at the lowest competitive rank has a significantly lower expression of concentration characteristics (F=3.38 ; p=0.04) and ‘peaking under pressure’ (F=3.14 ; p=0.05) than the others ; a group of players with the longest playing experience in competitive futsal has a significantly higher expression of ‘goal- setting/mental preparation’ characteristic (F=4.34 ; p=0.02) then other players. Given results indicate the need for conducting further research of psychological characteristics of futsal players.

The aim of this paper is to analyze the sport product in Slavonski Brod in terms of student population and to determine the differences in opinion and preferences within the population. The analysis was conducted by a questionnaire distributed among the sample of 229 examinees who are full time students of first, second and third year of the three undergraduate university courses of the College of Slavonski Brod. The results gotten by applying canonical discriminant analysis (CanR=0, 80 with an error p=0, 00) showed that there is a significant difference between the answers given by male and female students, in terms of preferences and attitudes. Furthermore, according to students’ answers the sport product is present in Slavonski Brod, but there is an absence of marketing of the product. The results should be considered with respect to the specificity of the tested population.

The aim of this paper is to analyze the sport product in Slavonski Brod in terms of student population and to determine the differences in opinion and preferences within the population. The analysis was conducted by a questionnaire distributed among the sample of 229 examinees who are full time students of first, second and third year of the three undergraduate university courses of the College of Slavonski Brod. The results gotten by applying canonical discriminant analysis (CanR=0, 80 with an error p=0, 00) showed that there is a significant difference between the answers given by male and female students, in terms of preferences and attitudes. Furthermore, according to students’ answers the sport product is present in Slavonski Brod, but there is an absence of marketing of the product. The results should be considered with respect to the specificity of the tested population.

The primary aim of this study was to determine the circumstances of implementation and realization of Physical Education classes and basic characteristics of teacher - the subject of realization of the curriculum. The final results showed that more than 33% of teachers participating in this study did not have the necessary equipment and materials, and they mostly have not used the gym for the realization of their Physical Education lessons, mostly with good reasons. They were confident about their knowledge and competencies they have acquired regarding the realization of teaching, but more than 65% of the examinees confirmed that during the demonstration they also describe the teaching theme, which is copletely incorrect regarding the methodology of teaching and learning motor skills.

The study was performed with the aim of determining the effects of additional 9-month programmed soccer training on changes of morphological characteristics in boys. The sample consisted of 90 seven-year-olds, divided into an experimental (N=40) and a control (N=50) group. The experimental group included subjects who, in addition to regular physical education classes, also had three training units per week of additional training during nine months, whereas the control group included subjects who attended only regular physical education classes. The variable sample for assessing morphological characteristics consisted of 14 standard anthropometric measures. Based on the obtained results of discriminant canonical analysis in the final measurement it is clear that measures of body voluminosity are more prominent in the experimental group, whereas measures for assessing adipose mass are more prominent in the control group. From the analysis of changes between the initial and the final measurement, it is inferred that additional training, in addition to physical education classes, prevented the accumulation of subcutaneous adipose tissue in the experimental group. When analysing the differences in means of the results from the initial to the final measurement it can be noticed that in the experimental group measures of transverse dimensionality of the skeleton were significantly more increased and body mass and subcutaneous adipose tissue were reduced in relation to the control group. The results indicate that the additional programmed training, as opposed to just regular physical education classes, by applying specific operators, led to greater changes of morphological characteristics, which is manifested in skeleton development, reduction of adipose tissue and increased muscle tissue.

A set of 10 morphological and 7 motor tests was applied on a group of seventy two Croatian soccer players, with the aim of determining the relation between morphological characteristics and motor abilities. The predictor group of variables consisted of 10 measures of morphological characteristics evaluation: 5 body mass and volume evaluation tests, 1 longitudinal skeleton dimensionality evaluation test and 4 subcutaneous fat tissue evaluation tests. After the preliminary processing procedures, the relations between the predictor and the criterion set of variables were determined, with the help of series of regression correlation analysis. Significant and positive relations between some morphological characteristics and motor abilities were determined, with the p

The main goal of this research was to determine the efficiency of a programmed football treatment on the changes in specific motor abilities of cadet level football players. A total of eight specific motor tests were applied on the examinees twice, in a time interval of four weeks and they were applied in order to evaluate: specific speed, strength, precision and agility. The results have clearly shown that the programmed football treatment, applied in a relatively short period of four micro cycles, affected mostly the changes in specific motor abilities in specific speed, strength, precision and agility. Given changes in this research are a consequence of the adaptation of the football treatment which has its basis in well programmed exercises for speed development, basic and specific agility, explosive and repetitive strength, coordination and precision.

The aim of this research was to analyse the somatotype differences in young Croatian rowers and soccer players. The research was conducted on the sample of 19 soccer players and 14 rowers aged 16 years. The average somatotype value in rowers was 4.64-4.54-2.84±2.11-1.14-1.02 (mezomorph-endomorph), while in soccer players it was 2.43-4.39-3.28±0.96-1.13-1.21 (ectomorph-mezomorph). The independent samples T-test showed that the endomorph component was significantly more expressed in rowers than in soccer players. Eight somatotype categories for rowers and six for soccer players were created based on the category diagram. The highest percentage of rowers belonged to the mesomorphic endomorph category (29%), while in soccer players the most represented was the ectomorphic mezomorph (28%) category. 50 % of rowers belonged to the somatotype categories dominated by the endomorphic component, while 62% of soccer players belonged to the somatotype categories dominated by the mesomorphic component.

The main goal of the research is to determine the effi ciency of a programmed football treatment on the changes of the motor – functional abilities of the football players of cadet and junior level, which were observed in two diff erent points in time. The research was conducted on a sample of 38 players of cadet and junior level of HŠK “Posušje”, which train regularly 5 – 6 times a week and play friendly matches once a week. The examinees underwent, in a time interval of 8 weeks, 7 motor – functional tests, which assessed: the speed, explosive power and stamina. After the preliminary procedure processing, the diff erences between the groups of examinees in testing points, have been confirmed using a discriminative canonical analysis, and the changes between the initial and the final testing for groups of examines have been analyzed by applying the t – test. The given results of the basic motor area analysis indicate that statistically significant discriminative function in the area of motor characteristics of the two groups of football players, can be formed. That means that the football players have statistically, significantly differed in the initial and the final testing. The results clearly indicate changes have occurred in all the measured variables of the motor abilities of both groups of players, in the period between the initial and the final testing, as was expected. We can conclude that the programmed football treatment with both groups of players, has caused the increase of motor – functional abilities. Positive changes for both groups have occurred in all the applied variables from the initial to the final stage. Cadet level players of HŠK “Posušje” have progressed more than junior level players of HŠK “Posušje” in speed assessment tests, where as junior level players progressed more in explosive power assessment test and the specific aerobic stamina test. Based on these results, we can conclude that the cadets have signifi cantly improved in 20m and 30m tests, and juniors have significantly improved in SDM and HOFF tests. We can also conclude that by applying a regular plan and program through a certain microcycle for cadet and junior level players of HŠK “Posušje”, we can influence the improvement of specific aerobic stamina, aerobic stamina, speed and explosive power development. The programmed football treatment had more effect on the changes of those motor abilities that have, by today’s researches, appeared more pervious to changes of the process of conditioning or training (stamina, speed and strength).

Structural analysis implies knowledge of typical situations in the game on which the coaches choose the appropriate content of the training. Decision-making system in the game (Gabrijelis, 1977) must be based on the concept of the game. Knowing the structure of the game (Trninis, 1995) means an understanding of all phases and sub phases of the game course and the position of certain players, which helps us to recognize certain situations in the game. From the standpoint of structural analysis, there are three areas of the game: attacking phases, defending phase and transition. Each of these stages has its sub phases. Each phase of the course of play has specific characteristics with defined goals within a tactical action. Coaches require the player's rapid transformation from defense to offense and vice versa...

The word "flexibility" comes from Latin flectere or flexibilis which means to bend, bending. According to Milanovis [1], it is the ability to perform a motion by a large range of motion, and the most common measure of flexibility is a maximum range of motion of body parts in individual joint systems. Kinesiology operators, depending on intensity and duration, are a way of influencing on the muscle tone levels and improving the ability of the locomotor system in performing the maximum range of motion in one joint or series of joints, and nervous-muscular regulation of organism. Tasks of the part of the lesson in function of flexibility improvements are: determine which topological body regions we want to develop, establish the selection of exercises and stretching methods, and determine number of series, time intervals and breaks. All those tasks are conducted in accordance with objectives of the lesson. It can be a lifelong improving experience in different materials and space conditions and has a very wide range of application in real life, as well as in higher education institutions. At the University of Applied sciences of Slavonski Brod it is applied in every physical teaching activity, in the introductory, preparatory, primary and final part of the lesson. Improvement of flexibility is a significant characteristic in health focused way of life and should represent an important aim in physical exercising and education. The reason for writing this paper is that, due to the lack of habit and knowledge on proper performing of stretching technique, the risk of injury increases and optimal transformation and student development during exercising decreases. It is extremely important to educate, direct and motivate students to perform the flexibility exercises correctly for the purposes of achieving maximum functionality during exercising and health prevention.

Healthy and balanced nutrition is the basis of health and adequate quality of life. Increasing proportions of industrially processed foods rich in unhealthy fats and high in sugar cause obesity, and thus risks to overall human health, especially in terms of the risk of developing diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Due to the importance of quality and proper nutrition in the life of every person, the subject of research was the students nutrition and nutritive habits. The aim of the study was to determine whether there is a statistically significant relationship between dietary quality and eating habits and the BMI index of respondents. Authors conducted a survey on a sample of N = 163 respondents to determine the quality of nutrition and eating habits of students. The results of the study showed that the number of meals and consumption of "fast food", which is mainly prepared by deep frying, has a statistically significant effect on the BMI index in terms of increasing the risk of obesity. Regarding the number of meals, respondents who consumed a larger number of smaller meals per day had a lower propensity for obesity

Plastic waste is a major environmental problem and at the same time a great energy potential. One of the possibilities of disposing of waste plastics is the production of liquid fuel. In this paper, technological, ecological and economic aspects of liquid fuel production from plastic waste are analyzed. Analyzes show that the process of obtaining fuel by pyrolysis with a catalyst is a technologically mature technology, although there is still room for improvement. The most commonly used catalysts are zeolite based. Up to 800 liters of liquid fuel can be obtained from one ton of waste plastic, although up to 450 liters are usually obtained in real plants. The quality of the obtained fuel largely depends on the quality and contamination of the raw material, and its price is slightly higher than conventional oil-based fuel. The total amount of plastic waste in Croatia is 266, 384 tons, which represents a potential for obtaining up to 213 million liters of fuel per year. Since a large amount of plastic waste without impurities is needed for commercial production, it is necessary to improve the existing infrastructure for separate collection of plastic waste in Croatia. The environmental benefits of disposing of waste plastics by producing liquid fuels are great, including the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions.

The aim of this paper is to provide a theoretical overview of the meaning and impact of innovation in the modern economy, and its impact on the development of a company's competitive advantage.

Environmental degradation is present due to the exploitation of water, soil and air, which includes the destruction of ecosystems, the destruction of natural habitats and the reduction of biodiversity to the point of extinction of certain species. Natural causes of degradation affecting the environment are earthquakes, hail, soil erosion, floods, volcanic eruptions, fires, droughts, typhoons, hurricane winds and frost. In the area of Požega-Slavonia County in 2021, damage was reported for four natural disasters, namely: earthquake, flood, hail and frost. On June 6 and 10, rain curves accompanied by thunder caused torrential floods that affected the area of the City of Požega and the Municipality of Velika. In April 2021, extremely low temperatures appeared, which caused the appearance of frost and caused damage to the entire Požega-Slavonia County. The biggest recorded damage caused by a natural disaster in 2021 is hail damage. On June 25, a storm followed by hail hit the area of the City of Požega, the City of Pleternica, the Municipality of Jakšić, the Municipality of Kaptol and the Municipality of Velika, causing great damage. The earthquake is the only one of these disasters that did not occur during 2021, but the report of the damage was received until January 29, 2021. The Government of the Republic of Croatia has provided the funds needed for the complete remediation of damages caused by natural disasters according to the estimated amounts.

The main objective of this paper is the calculation of the supporting structure of the production hall. The model of the production hall was previously modelled in 3D software and the model was used to obtain all the resulting displacements and stresses. The calculation of the elements of the production hall is conducted following the European standard Eurocode. Two cases of loads on the load-bearing structure were considered: Wind effects in combination with the weight of the roof and snow loads in combination with the weight of the roof.

Is given in the paper mathematical representation of friction. Bowden-Tabor Theory for cold forming and Bowden Tabor Theory for hot forming Friction is sometimes helpful. For example, high friction on the punch surface helps increase reductions in deep drawing and ironing. In a few instances it has to have at least some small value, as in rolling where it assures entry of the workpiece into the roll gap and helps maintain rolling without skidding of the workpiece. However, in most instances friction is preferably reduced to zero by the introduction of a lubricant. In the vast majority of metalworking processes the workpiece is deformed by means of a contacting die. The pressure required for deformation generates a normal stress to the die surface, and movement of the workpiece relative to the die surface generates a shear stress at the interface. Thus a classical tribological situation arises, with friction at the die-workpiece interface, and with potential for wear of both die and workpiece materials. Mitigation of these effects then calls for the introduction of a lubricant. In contrast to nonmetalworking situations, deformation of theworkpiece results in a sometimes very substantial enlargement of surface areas. Thus new, fresh metal surfaces are exposed, and the lubricant must protect not only the old but also the new surfaces. The success or failure of such lubrication has important consequences on the quality of the issuing product, and also on pressures, forces, energy requirements, and often the very possibility of plastic deformation itself. For these reasons, the field of friction, lubrication, and wear (tribology) in metalworking has been the subject of many investigations.

The paper studies exponential and logarithmic functions that are mutually inverse functions. These functions appear throughout history from Archimedes who dealt with potencies to Euler who defined logarithm, and Napier who compiled the first logarithmic tables. Exponential and logarithmic functions are one of the elementary functions used in arithmetic operations and compositions of other elementary functions. The definition of exponential and logarithmic functions requires knowledge of their properties and graphical representation. The application of exponential and logarithmic functions is very wide. There are many scope that apply exponential and logarithmic functions to solve their problem tasks from physics, geodesy, biology, economics to forensics. Through examples, the authors will show their application in problem tasks in the wider field of mechanical engineering. The importance and purpose of the Taylor equation in determining the stability of tools in machining will be presented. The properties of exponential and logarithmic functions will be applied through examples related to the elementary theory of plasticity, ie through the force of deformation, Sachs and Siebel equations to logarithmic deformation.

This paper is about the design and manufacturing of a hazelnut drying system. The way of design and installation, functioning, operation and maintenance of the plant are the reason why the design of such a plant was necessary. Recently, there has been a chronic shortage of nuts on the Croatian market. With the significant increase in subsidies, the number of hazelnut plantations has also increased, especially in small farms. Even with the first larger harvests, the problem of drying the fruit was recognized. Industrial plants are too large for family farms that simply cannot produce enough, and they are also too expensive. It was necessary to build a plant acceptable in terms of capacity, characteristics and price for farms with lower production, such as plantations of 1 to 2 hectares. The plant is designed so that you can build it yourself due to the simplicity of the individual parts, of course, with basic knowledge of mechanical engineering and also with some tools. Turning and bending the sheet metal for the tank on rollers is also required, but on a smaller scale

The paper analyses the influence of parameters of interrupted turning process on workpiece oscillations. Alteration of undeformed chip cross section area is obtained on OD turning of slotted shaft as a source of impact on cutting tool and workpiece which could lead to deterioration of workpiece surface quality and dynamic process behaviour. The experiments were carried out on Ck 45 steel with conducting 14 oscillation setups. Measurement results are excluded from the time scale video of analogue sensing micrometre obtained during camera process recording. An analysis of the obtained results shows the influence of processing parameters on oscillations.

The paper presents the manufacture and heat treatment of a stamp for marking metal products. This hand tool should be wear-resistant and dimensionally stable, so it is made of high-alloy tool steel for cold working X210Cr12. Production and heat treatment by hardening and tempering were carried out in the production facilities of the company Sigmat d.o.o. Based on the results of hardness tests and tool function tests, a technological process for the production of a stamp was defined and technical and technological documentation was prepared for the needs of the company.

All over the world, the role of teachers is inevitably and hurriedly changing in line with current trends in education. The rapid development of technology has changed the way people work and communicate in many segments of society. Therefore, the professional development of teachers, which begins with initial education and continues with various forms of formal, non-formal and informal education, must be accompanied by the imperatives of the educational process that are imposed. The paper shows that teacher education is a prerequisite for student-centered teaching, but also for the development of teacher identity as well as the improvement of their professional development necessary for quality work. All teachers need knowledge, skills, competencies and abilities that enable them to work effectively with students, parents, colleagues, work in and with society, in which they are helped by professional development. The paper explains the importance of initial teacher education and highlights the differences between their formal, non-formal and informal education. A review of various studies highlighted indicators of the importance of the role of teacher education for the educational process and lifelong learning of teachers with the aim of building their teaching skills.

In this paper experimentations were made on shipbuilding aluminium alloy EN AW 5083 thickness of 8 mm in order to investigate influence of variable plasma jet cutting process parameters such as gas pressure, cutting speed, arc current and cutting height on formation of dross on the exit of the plasma jet from the workpiece material. Dross is significant cut quality response in plasma jet cutting process. It can be defined as blown molten metal concentrated on the bottom side of the sheet. Artificial intelligence method fuzzy logic was applied to model relations between input parameters and analysed response. Prediction accuracy of developed fuzzy logic model was checked by comparison between experimental and predicted data. Mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) and coefficient of determination (R2) were used as prediction accuracy measures. After prediction accuracy was proved it was concluded that such defined fuzzy logic model represents good basis for further more detailed experimental research in this area. Furtherly, it allows creation of fuzzy expert system that will enable deeper understanding of process parameters effects on dross formation and quite better response prediction.

Business reporting is continuously changing – not only by means of report structure, but even more in technical characteristics in favor of standardization and better availability of business reports. In EU, there is an ongoing introduction of unique electronic format for producing annual financial reports. This article describes participants that are either conducting changes or are referred to by changes - IT technologies, specific terminology and significance used in unique electronic format. At this moment, changes are applied on small number of relevant business subjects, and article shows dimensions of a group for which there is a realistic expectation of same solutions with added and new taxonomies.

Additive manufacturing and 3D printing is becoming increasingly popular in various industries such as medical sciences, aerospace, automotive, and other industries where rapid prototyping and small quantity custom production are required. Compared to traditional manufacturing technologies, 3D printing has no additional cost for complexity and is easily adaptable to changes in the product. Still, product size limitation is usually its biggest disadvantage compared to traditional machining methods. This study presents the experimental and numerical analysis of assembly specimens connected without adhesives using Japanese traditional woodworking joinery methods. Specimens are made of polylactic acid (PLA) on a fused-deposition-modeled (FDM) technology 3D printer. Three-point flexural test was performed, and numerical analysis results are obtained to compare the performance of various joint types.

Zinnias are ornamental species which are not demanding for breeding, sunny and warm position with loamy well-drained soil is sufficient. The aim of the research was to compare the growth and development of Zinnia (Zinnia elegans Jacq.) in a sunny place, during spring and summer period, in three substrates of various physical and chemical properties (Potgrond H, Florabella and soil). The seeds were sown in PVC containers (Pöpellmann TEKU (EP 2128/20) 28 cm x 21cm x 6 cm) with 20 sowing places (volume 150 ml). After developing four leaves, plants were transplanted into PVC pots (Φ 9 cm) filled with the same substrate. The pot trial was conducted as a randomized complete design with four repetitions. Four weeks later on the developed plants, following values has been measured: plant mass, plant height, plant height above ground, mass of the above-ground part of the plant and the number of leaves. Plants grown in Florabella substrate had higher values than plants grown in Potgrond substrate and soil. Statistically significant difference (P≤0.01) has been found between the values of plants grown in soil and substrates Potgrond H and Florabella.

The main goal of this paper was to determine the effect of the flipped learning method on the level of acquisition of certain motor knowledge regarding the classic method. The research was conducted on 33 pupils of first graders in a rural elementary school, out of which, 16 boys and 17 girls aged 6 and 7 years. The pupils were divided in two groups: experimental – flipped learning method and classic method group. The variable sample was constructed of 6 motor tasks in order to examine motor knowledge: rope jump, forward role down the slope, free football toss, running over obstacles, shoulder stand and front crawl. After initial testing, three classes were conducted, after which the final testing was conducted with three independent evaluators. The analysis showed changes in variables rope jump, shoulder stand and forward crawl. The newly applied flipped learning method affected the higher level of acquisition of new motor learning tasks in relation to classical method.

During many years, injection molding of the polymer molds has been proven as a quick way to make products for medium to high series production. In order to produce a quality product, all stages of the process must be controlled (ex. tool, material, injection molding machine, etc.). During the last two decades additive technology regarding prototype production and, more recently, regarding finished products has been developing intensively. The biggest disadvantage of additive technology is a limited choice of polymeric materials and different mechanical properties when compared to products manufactured by injection molding technology. Creating the mold for the injection molding process is time-consuming and expensive process, also unprofitable for smaller series. By making injection molds using additive technology, we accelerate the process of production of finished products. One of the disadvantages of making molds using the mentioned technology is the durability of the molds. In order to increase the durability of the mold, the area regarding application of the coating to the mold will be examined.

The focus of this paper is the SINTAP procedure based structural integrity assessment of seamless steel pipe that is subjected to internal pressure. In order to detect geometrical parameters of crack and intensity of pipe pressure that could be potentially unsafe for construction, numerical, analytical and experimental methods are applied. Numerical analysis is performed in order to determine stress intensity factors for considered values of crack dimensions and internal pressure using ANSYS commercial software. Material mechanical properties are defined experimentally. Failure assessment diagrams are created for different values of crack dimensions and internal pressure.

The most common forms of using Medvednica Nature Park (Medvednica NP) are sport and recreation and enjoying nature. Public Institution Nature Park Medvednica (PI NPM) manages a total of 17.938 ha and has over 1.000.000 visitors a year. Due to such a large number of visits and the diversity of visiting interests, PI NPM is faced with a number of issues related to visitor management, which includes maintaining high standards of visitors' safety. Visitation itself, and especially some forms of recreation, have their hidden dangers, moreover for most recreational activities risk and challenges are their feature and integral part. Besides recreational activities, a large risk for visitors presents natural disasters caused by climate change, but also different human diseases like COVID-19 diseases, and wildlife diseases that can consequently endanger human health (zoonoses). Most risks are inherent risks that cannot be prevented due to a number of uncontrolled factors. A new type of risk emerged with the opening of the central visitation point, Medvedgrad Visitor Center, given that a larger group of people gathers in one place, which opens up new risk opportunities. The majority of visitors are prone to use drones without authorization, because of their easy commercial availability and relatively low prices. In such conditions, there is a high danger of using drones over a large group of people outdoors, which could fall and injure the group, but neither can the possibility of their misuse for terrorist purposes cannot be excluded. In order to adapt to the new conditions of protected area management, increased awareness of danger in Medvednic NP is being advanced, which indicates the need to manage visits and recreational activities by launching a modern concept of visitor risk management.

Maintaining stability in the knee joint is important because of the maintenance of body balance in the space and walking. One of the areas that biomechanics deals with is the understanding of the influence of forces on some changes occurring in joints, including in the knee. The topic of this paper is the biomechanical of the knee joint and analysis of walking and how the analysis of walking can help us prevent and detect injuries and irregularities in the knee joint. The biomechanical analysis of the knee joint is described in the paper, which can further explain the knee movements while walking and sports activities. The pedobarography procedure analysed walking parameters in static and dynamic measurements on subjects with multiple foot deformations and Varus leg deformations. This paper describes the relationship between biomechanical and walking analyses and their interdependence. The measurement for work purposes was conducted at the Biomechanical Laboratory at the Faculty of kinesiology in Zagreb.

Ordinary electric motors provide machines with the necessary power and torque, but as such, they cannot determine their current position or how much they have rotated. One of the devices that made CNC machines and robots work in the first place is a digital encoder. The digital encoder gives feedback to the electric motor controller about its position and how much movement it has made. To control machines this way, it is necessary to describe a motor with a universal language, which is the G code, where to move, how fast to move, and what path to follow. Therefore, by programming the G code and uploading it to a CNC machine, it is possible to move each axis of the machine for the programmed value. In order to understand how the digital incremental rotary encoder works and its operating logic, the electrical parts of the device are explained. Also, for educational purposes, an experimental model has been made and described. Affordable components were used in the production of the encoder which enables everyone who wants to learn to produce one.

In the middle of the 20th century, the awareness of the shortcomings in the society and education of that time began to develop rapidly. Critical pedagogues and creators of alternative pedagogical ideas are appearing, mostly in the USA and Europe. With the development of child psychology, carried by new insights that bring great changes like Melanie Klein, Peter Blos, Jane Kroger and many others. In the second half of the 20th century, the number of alternative schools modeled on Summerhill has been growing since 1973. These schools, ie pedagogical ideas, appear as a countermeasure to traditional pedagogical and didactic standards. New ideals are becoming emancipation, democracy and self-control. By 1990, an average of 0.88 such schools were opened per year, while at the beginning of the 21st century that number rose to an average of 4.56 schools per year, with the interesting fact that more than half of these schools are modeled on Freinet. The aim of this paper is to present a historical overview of the development of critical pedagogy and their importance for the modern education system. By observing the historical development of education and pedagogical ideas in general, we give room for future progress and understanding that many things we consider modern are not so new and that there is room for improvement, it is important to notice and use it.

According to Eurostat data, indicators of adult participation in education and training programs at the level of the European Union rank the Republic of Croatia in the last place for many years without significant improvements. The digitalization of business, the need to strengthen the competitive position of companies leads to the need to enable employees to participate in education, learning and training programs in the workplace. According to available research from other scientists, employers will have to invest more money in the knowledge of employees with secondary education than in employees with higher education. It is estimated that workers with a higher level of education will find it easier to adapt to future job needs. The aim of this paper is to determine and interpret the results of the state and perspectives of education and training in companies through variables: age, gender, level of education of respondents, years of service, participation in educational programs, employee attitudes and career development. The survey was conducted on a sample of three companies in the Brod-Posavina County in the period from April 9, 2021 to April 30, 2021 and 102 complete answers were collected from respondents. The results of the research point to the positive attitudes of the respondents towards training and education in the workplace and indicate the need for companies to invest more resources in the education and training of their employees. The results of the research can motivate employers in designing education and training programs.

With the development of CVT (Continuously Variable Transmission) technology, transmissions are regularly used in industrial plants. At the end of the 20th century, CVT transmissions were increasingly used in agricultural machinery, off- road vehicles, snowmobiles and cars. Nowadays, as more and more attention are paid to environmental awareness, i.e. pollution, the use of CVT transmissions in cars is a normal phenomenon. Continuously variable transmissions are suitable for applications where precise control of the gear ratio or output speed and torque is required and where the power flow in the transmission must not be interrupted. Due to their design, i.e. the operating principle, these transmissions are suitable for automatic control of the transmission ratio with prior knowledge of the characteristics of the input and output sides. The aim of this research is to analyse the existing performance of gearbox structures and to show the efficiency of the design and parts of the analytical calculation for the chosen design. The chosen design solution for the analytical calculation and design elaboration is a continuously variable belt transmission with manual adjustment of the transmission ratio. The design of the machine system for changing the transmission ratio is presented in detail. The SolidWorks 2021 software package is used for the design, while the data from the available catalogues of standard elements are used for the analytical calculations. The principle of operation of the change of transmission ratio, belt CVT transmission, is based on the axial movement of the two halves of the conical pulleys or the change of the distance between them. The change of the transmission ratio is achieved by means of a lever, which achieves the given axial displacement of the two halves of the pulleys through a connection of machine elements. The result of this work was to show the way to calculate the CVT transmission and to present the construction process of the same.

The application of 3D printing is very wide and significant especially in designing and prototyping a new product, as well as in abstract art and visualization concepts. Selecting the appropriate parameters for 3D printers can directly affect the surface roughness of printed object. Surface roughness affects the dynamic durability, friction and wear of loaded surfaces and the bearing capacity of the clamping joint. In this paper, the dependence of the roughness of the printed test specimens on the selected thickness of the print layer was examined. By choosing the thinnest layer of filament od 0, 05mm, the best possible surface roughness of Ra 5, 39 µm and Rz 6, 659 µm was obtained with longest production time, while selecting the thickest filament layer of 0, 3 mm, the worst surface roughness Ra 22, 381 µm and Rz 27, 080 µm was obtained with the shortest production time.

Investments are one of the most important components for the development of a company. Companies must constantly invest in their development ; in new technologies, development of human resources, in tangible and intangible assets, to develop market position and image. But all that is not enough without innovation. Innovations and investments have a kind of correlation, because companies must invest financial resources in order to encourage innovative activities and the implementation of innovations in their operations. Both investments and innovations encourage and enable the development of competitive advantage. Competitiveness is one of the most commonly defined concepts in the modern economy. The aim of this paper is to provide a theoretical overview of the meaning and impact of innovation in the modern economy, and its impact on the development of a company's competitive advantage. In addition to the theoretical overview, the work presents an overview of investments in the Republic of Croatia, with an emphasis on the total amount of investments, on investments by activity, on the source of foreign investments with regard to the investing country, business sector, and the distribution of investments with regard to the geographical distribution by counties in Republic of Croatia. The paper carries out secondary research and data analysis.

This paper examined influences of the process parameters such as: gas pressure, cutting speed, arc current and cutting height on the kerf width cut quality response in the plasma jet cutting process of aluminium alloy 5083. Kerf width is important cut quality characteristic that represents the amount of the workpiece material that is wasted during cutting. According to that, aim of each cutting process is to reach as narrow kerf as possible. In this paper, experimentations were conducted on aluminium alloy 5083 thickness 8 mm according to Taguchi L27 orthogonal array. In order to check as wider experimental space as possible constraints regarding process parameters values that do not allow sheets cutting were identified. Artificial intelligence (AI) technique fuzzy logic was applied to define functional relations between input parameters and kerf width and to analyse process parameters effects. Created fuzzy logic model was checked by comparison between experimental and predicted response data by using mean absolute percentage error (MAPE) and coefficient of determination (R2) as validation measures. Defined fuzzy logic system proved good prediction accuracy of kerf width response and represents good basis for further more detailed experimentations and analysis in this area.

This paper describes a software solution for managing student service data on a high school level. The goal of this solution is to facilitate the work of the student service and reduce paperwork by using database and web technologies. Moreover, the current state of the student service data management is also being analyzed in this paper. Furthermore, a web form has been created through which all information is stored in a database for easier use. Finally, the creation of accounting reports is shown.

Beam structures are common in engineering practice, and with the growing complexity of the structures, beam finite elements sometimes are not sufficient to achieve accurate results. This paper aims to show the possibilities of using different finite element types and to see what kind of possible impact those elements will have on similar structures. This paper analyses the stress and the displacement of a structure supporting the piping system of the boiler water supply inside a thermal power plant. While sustaining piping loads, the designed structure intends to carry piping hangers and supports. Numerical analysis of the finite element method is performed using the software Ansys Workbench. Meshing methods with different finite elements are tested, and the solutions are obtained. The tested finite elements are beam, solid, shell, and solid-shell finite elements, respectively. One of the results is the displacement convergence diagram for each type of used finite element, with the appropriate time needed for obtaining solutions for that element. With reduced time, more accurate solutions for overall analysis are achieved.

Bioindicators are used for the detection of heavy metal pollution since the late 1960s on land and since the 1970s in the sea. Among different bioindicators, molluscs, especially mussels, are popular bioindicators of heavy metal pollution of waters. Mosses are among the more often used bioindicators of heavy metal pollution of air and soil. Mosses are well suited to be used as indicators of radioactive contamination. They receive water and nutrients predominantly through atmospheric deposition. Mosses have been proven to accumulate radionuclides from fallouts after nuclear tests and after the Chernobyl accident. We sampled moss at 26 locations in and around Papuk Nature Park and at 40 locations in and around Kopački Rit Nature Park. Using gamma-ray spectrometry, we measured radionuclides. Of special concern were two radionuclides: Cs-137, predominantly a result of the Chernobyl accident, and Pb-210, Rn-222 progeny and the only radionuclide in uranium or thorium decay chains with a half-life of more than days expected to be present in larger quantities in atmospheric deposition. The results show that the activity concentrations of Cs-137 measured in Papuk Nature Park and especially in Kopački Rit Nature Park are low compared to the activity concentrations of Cs- 137 measured at other locations in Europe, including Plitvice Lakes National Park. As for Pb- 210, the measured activity concentrations are largely in line with other measurements in Europe. We can conclude that especially Kopački Rit Nature Park, and to a lesser extent also Papuk Nature Park, can be considered places with very low Cs- 137 background, and as such a suitable detection site for atmospheric deposition of radionuclides even in cases of smaller of far-away accidents.

Healthcare information systems (IS) collect, analyse and process a large amount of diverse data, which enables healthcare professionals to make faster, easier and more efficient decisions related to the treatment and care of patients. Each data or part of the data collected during treatment is stored in one of the many databases that exist in one health information system. Efficient and fast data exchange has a great importance in the daily work of health professionals. Therefore, ensuring the availability and efficiency of databases is one of the main tasks of IT staff. Database administrators (DBAs) need to be aware of the causes and symptoms of reduced server performance and the database itself in order to minimize their impact on IS performance in a timely manner. IT staff monitors, analyses and optimizes the operation of individual databases on a daily basis through a database management system (DBMS). Monitoring the performance, general condition (health) and use of the database is crucial for maintaining optimal database operation and enables timely action with the aim of adjusting performance and other system parameters. By using the Windows Performance Monitor to collect specific performance counters, we can quickly learn about server performance degradation caused by insufficient hardware resources.

It is known that chemical plant protection products are the most effective against harmfull organisams. Although they are effective, their actions affect the environment in a bad way. Since consequences of the use of agrochemicals, it is increasingly encouraged farmers in an ecological way that is less harmful to nature, man and animals as well as enables the production of higher nutritional value food. This paper evaluates obtain survey data on the extent to which farmers are familiar with the legal regulations related to plant protection in organic agriculture. Based on a sample of a hundred respondents, the survey showed that about 70% of farmers are familiar with legal regulations, plant protection measures and allowed plant protection products in ecological agricultural production, while 46% believe that there are not enough of them in the Republic of Croatia.