Search

Fisheries have garnered attention from researchers throughout the last several decades. This sector's contribution has been recognised globally, leading to exponential growth in the number of research studies published in this area. Among all the dimensions from which this field has been explored, a critical theme under focus has been the drivers in the fisheries domain. Therefore, this study aims to provide a wholesome view of such studies that have explored drivers in the context of fisheries using bibliometric analysis and text-mining tools. Based on the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) approach, 322 studies on the theme were extracted from the Scopus and Web of Science databases. The studies extracted were analysed using VOSviewer and Orange software. The analysis uncovered the top journals and publishers in this domain and revealed the hidden patterns in the existing literature. The researchers posit that rather than judging the growth solely based on the number of citations and publications over the period, focus should be concentrated towards identifying themes that have gained immense attention from researchers over the years. The results indicate a shifting trend in recent times, centered on topics related to sustainability and climate change, among many more. The findings have important implications for researchers to make valuable contributions in this domain.

When patients lack suitable superficial veins in the upper extremity to create an arteriovenous fistula, surgeons are faced with a decision between a synthetic graft or autologous fistula using deep veins, such as a brachial artery to brachial vein arteriovenous fistula. In patients with a high radial artery origin (or brachioradial artery) and inadequate superficial veins, arteriovenous fistula creation will be even more challenging. In the present report, we describe a technique used in three such patients who underwent successful staged brachioradial artery to brachioradial vein arteriovenous fistula creation.

The hydrogen storage properties and the thermodynamics of dissolved hydrogen in the C14 hexagonal Laves phase Zr0.9Ho0.1MnFe0.5Co0.5 and Zr0.9Ho0.1MnFe0.5Ni0.5 alloys are studied. The partial replacement of Ho in Zr site in ZrMnFe0.5Co0.5 and ZrMnFe0.5Ni0.5 alloys leads to the expansion of their lattices. The pressure–composition (p–c) isotherms of Zr0.9Ho0.1MnFe0.5Co0.5 and Zr0.9Ho0.1MnFe0.5Ni0.5 in the pressure and temperature ranges 0.6⩽P(bar)⩽20 and 30⩽T(°C)⩽100 show sloppy plateau (α+β) region. The average relative partial molar enthalpy of dissolved hydrogen at the (α+β) region in Zr0.9Ho0.1MnFe0.5Co0.5-H and Zr0.9Ho0.1MnFe0.5Ni0.5-H are −15.5 kJ (mol H)−1 and −14.5 kJ (mol H)−1, respectively.Similarly the average relative partial molar entropy of dissolved hydrogen at the two-phase region in Zr0.9Ho0.1MnFe0.5Co0.5-H and Zr0.9Ho0.1MnFe0.5Ni0.5-H are −51 J K−1 (mol H)−1 and −50 J K−1 (mol H)−1, respectively. The presence of α, (α+β)- and β-phases as seen in the p–c isotherms, is seen from the powder diffractograms of the alloy hydrides. The kinetics of hydrogen absorption in these alloys are quite fast which is between 15 and 20 min at room temperature. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

A case of Meckel's diverticulum presenting acutely with spontaneous haemoperitoneum is presented. This complication has not, to our knowledge, been previously reported. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

Introduction: The 2017 surgical infection society (SIS) guidelines recommend 4 days of antibiotic therapy after source control for complicated intra-abdominal infections (cIAIs). Inappropriate exposure to antibiotics has a negative impact on outcomes in individual patients and populations. The goal of this study was to evaluate our institution's practice patterns and adherence to current antibiotic guidelines.Methods: Medical records from 2010 to 2018 for cIAIs were examined. Complicated appendicitis and complicated diverticulitis cases were included. Exclusion criteria included other etiologies of IAIs, pediatric cases, and cancer operations.Results: Fifty-nine complicated appendicitis cases and 96 complicated diverticulitis cases were identified. For all cases, antibiotic duration prior to publication of the SIS guidelines was significantly longer than post-SIS duration (appendicitis: 12.6 ± 1.1 days pre-SIS [n = 37] vs 9.0 ± 1.1 days post-SIS [n = 22], P = .01; diverticulitis: 15.1 ± 0.8 days pre-SIS [n = 49] vs 11.2 ± 0.5 post-SIS [n = 47], P = .04). Surgical management (SM) was associated with shorter duration of postsource control antibiotic exposure compared with percutaneous drainage (PD) for both appendicitis (SM 10.0 ± 1.2 days vs PD 13.4 ± 1.0 days, P = .02) and diverticulitis (SM 12.8 ± 1.5 days vs PD 16.0 ± 1.5, P = .07). Patients with complicated appendicitis received shorter duration of antibiotics when managed by acute care surgeons compared to general surgeons (8.4 ± 1.1 vs 11.9 ± 0.8, P = .02).Conclusion: Despite improvements after the SIS guidelines' publication, the antibiotic duration is still longer than recommended. Surgical intervention and management by acute care specialists were associated with a shorter duration of antibiotic exposure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Post-cholecystectomy, benign biliary strictures are challenging for both patients and surgeons. Bismuth classified benign biliary strictures into 5 types. This study aimed to review these isolated hepatic duct strictures which were not included in Bismuth classification., Methods: The case records of all patients who presented with post-cholecystectomy benign biliary strictures between January 2005 and December 2020 at our centre were reviewed. Data regarding demography, type of stricture, and treatment strategy were entered into the standard proforma., Results: There were 242 patients [type I-3.7%, type II-41.7%, type III-38.0%, type IV-6.6%, and type V-7.8%]. Five (2.1%) patients did not fit the Bismuth classification and were the focus of this study. In each of these patients, an isolated hepatic duct stricture (first-or second-order hepatic duct) was present, with no involvement of the common hepatic duct or hilar confluence., Conclusions: The addition of isolated hepatic duct stricture [type VI] to the Bismuth classification will enhance the original classification, help in reporting and management of this sub-set of patients., (© 2023 Royal Australasian College of Surgeons.)

Background: Positive resection margins are associated with worse survival after surgery for adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC). We aimed to identify risk factors for positive margins post-resection., Methods: The NCDB was queried for ACC patients from 2006 to 2015. Patients with positive versus negative resection margins post-surgery were compared using Chi-square tests. Survival based on adjuvant treatment was assessed using Kaplan-Meier curves., Results: 1,973 patients with ACC were identified, 217 (11.0%) with positive margins. Multivariable analysis identified extra-adrenal extension (HR 4.92, p < 0.001), lymph node metastases (HR 2.64, p = 0.001), and distant metastases (HR 1.53, p = 0.03) as risk factors for positive margins. No significant difference in margin status existed between patients who had an open versus minimally invasive procedure (p = 0.6). Positive margin patients receiving adjuvant radiation (p = 0.007) or combined chemo-radiation (p = 0.001) had the longest survival., Conclusion: No modifiable risk factors were identified, but patients with positive margins receiving adjuvant radiation or chemo-radiation had the longest survival., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest None., (Copyright © 2020 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)

Background: Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a rare malignancy with a dismal prognosis. Two landmark trials published in 2007 and 2012 showed efficacy for adjuvant mitotane in resectable ACC and etoposide/doxorubicin/cisplatin plus mitotane for unresectable ACC, respectively. In this study, we used the National Cancer Database to examine whether treatment patterns and outcomes changed after these trials., Methods: The National Cancer Database was used to examine treatment patterns and survival in patients diagnosed with ACC from 2006 to 2015. Treatment modalities were compared within that group and with a historical cohort (1985 to 2005). χ2 tests were performed, and Cox proportional hazards models were created., Results: From 2006 to 2015, 2752 patients were included; 38% of patients (1042) underwent surgery alone, and 31% (859) underwent surgery with adjuvant therapy. Overall 5-year survival rates for all stages after resection were 43% (median, 41 months) in the contemporary cohort and 39% (median, 32 months) in the historical cohort. After 2007, patients who underwent surgery were more likely to receive adjuvant chemotherapy (P = 0.005), and 5-year survival with adjuvant chemotherapy improved (41% vs 25%; P = 0.02). However, survival did not improve in patients with unresectable tumors after 2011 compared with 2006 to 2011 (P = 0.79). Older age, tumor size ≥10 cm, distant metastases, and positive margins were associated with lower survival after resection (hazard ratio range: 1.39 to 3.09; P < 0.03)., Conclusions: Since 2007, adjuvant therapy has been used more frequently in patients with resected ACC, and survival for these patients has improved but remains low. More effective systemic therapies for patients with ACC, especially those in advanced stages, are desperately needed., (Copyright © 2019 Endocrine Society.)

Context: Portal annular pancreas is a rare congenital anomaly resulting from fusion of the pancreatic parenchyma around the portal vein/superior mesenteric vein. It is asymptomatic, but could have serious consequences during pancreatic surgery, if unrecognized. We describe a variant of this anomaly encountered during pancreaticoduodenectomy and propose a new classification., Case Report: We report a 51-year-old male who underwent a pancreaticoduodenectomy for periampullary carcinoma. After division of the pancreatic neck, a sheath of tissue was found posterior and extending to the left of the portal vein. When we divided this tissue, a large duct was encountered; this duct communicated with the main pancreatic duct. On review of the CT images, the main pancreatic duct was seen to be passing posterior to the portal vein and a smaller accessory pancreatic duct was present anterior to the portal vein. We describe the surgical implications., Conclusion: This variant of portal annular pancreas has not yet been reported during pancreaticoduodenectomy and we propose a new classification for this fusion anomaly.

Jejunal perforation is a known complication of abdominal trauma. We report two cases of jejunal perforation presenting nearly 2 months following blunt injury to the abdomen and discuss possible mechanisms for delayed small bowel perforation.

Inadvertent administration of enteral feed into an intravenous line is preventable usually by design of incompatible connectors, but these may not be available universally. We discuss a case report where this occurred and the subsequent management strategy.

Cystic artery pseudoaneurysm which developed following a cholecystectomy and resulting in upper gastrointestinal bleeding is a rare entity, with only three cases described in the literature. We report the case of a 26-year old man who presented with upper gastrointestinal bleeding approximately three months after laparoscopic cholecystectomy. Emergency abdominal angiogram revealed a cystic artery stump pseudoaneurysm, with no evidence of active contrast extravasation. The pseudoaneurysm was coil embolised and the patient had no further bleeding episodes. In this situation an angiogram and embolisation rather than surgery is the preferred mode of management both in terms of diagnosis and treatment. The presence of a dilated cystic artery stump on angiogram following cholecystectomy is an "ominous sign", even in the absence of active extravasation of contrast.