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Although gastrointestinal hemorrhage from aorto-enteric fistulae (AEF) secondary to previous aortic grafts are well known, a primary aorto-enteric fistula (PAEF) without aortic aneurysm is an extremely rare event resulting in poor prognosis and outcome. PAEF is a rare cause of gastro-intestinal (GI) bleeding that radiologists should consider because often its presence is not easily guessed by clinical features. It is difficult to detect at CT examination therefore PAEF might be not diagnosed until a laparotomy. We report a case of a 74-year-old Italian male who presented to our Emergency Department (ED) with brightly red rectal bleeding that occurred from some hours and a pre-syncopal episode. There was no history of analgesic abuse, peptic ulceration, alcohol excess, and weight loss. Standard resuscitation was commenced with the hope that common sources of bleeding such as peptic ulcers or varices would eventually be discovered by endoscopy and treated definitely. An upper GI endoscopy showed brightly red blood in the stomach and in the first portions of duodenum, but no source of active bleeding was found. Diagnosis of PAEF was made by CT and after confirmed during surgical intervention. Both the duodenum and the aorta were successfully repaired by direct suture and synthetic graft replacement, respectively. Diagnosis of primary aortic duodenal fistula (ADF) has been very difficult in this case especially because our patient did not have abdominal aortic aneurism (AAA) history confirmed by CT examination. Radiologist should remember that upper GI bleeding could however be determined by primary ADF also if atherosclerotic damage is severe as in this case. A technically good and complete exam is mandatory to achieve this rare and complex diagnosis. Particularly, an ultra-tardive acquisition phase (5 min after contrast administration) could be helpful to suspect the presence of PADF: the appearance of contrast into the duodenal lumen is an evocative sign useful to increase clinical and radiological suspicious of ADF. Gl bleeding should be assumed to be caused from a PAEF unless another source can be identified without delay. A timely and accurate diagnosis of primary AEF may be challenging due to insidious episodes of GI bleeding, which are frequently under diagnosed until the occurrence of massive hemorrhage.

Summary Differentiation of pagetoid cutaneous neoplasms can be very challenging on hematoxylin and eosin-stained sections. We report a singular case of pigmented pagetoid Bowen’s disease showing transitional features between extramammary Paget’s disease and in situ squamous cell carcinoma.

Recent seismic events that hit the central part of Italy have highlighted again the high vulnerability of the historical and architectonical heritage of Italy and the importance of preserving it. However, the seismic assessment of monumental buildings is particularly complex because each historical construction is a singular case realized by specific techniques. Therefore, the first step should be the knowledge of the building even if it is a difficult task. In the present paper, the seismic behavior of an important nineteenth century astronomical observatory, constructed between 1816 and 1819, was investigated. The building, located in Naples, in the southern part of Italy, and classified by the Italian code as an area of medium seismic hazard, was analyzed in the elastic and inelastic range under seismic actions. In this study, the results of two different models were proposed and critically compared. The first one was implemented by shell elements for walls and vaults developing a linear dynamic analysis, while the second one simulates the building through &ldquo, equivalent frames&rdquo, applying a nonlinear static analysis.

International audience; Minimalism is a growing consumerist approach based on deliberate detachment from one’s material needs and acquisitions. The aim of this paper is to examine a singular case of minimalism which has developed in the sports sector, based on the stylization by detachment of the practice of hiking: ultralight or lightweight backpacking. While the sports market is traditionally characterized by the accumulation and renewal of equipment, this sport subculture aims the radical reduction of equipment weight and is promoted in France by an online community of practice. Lightening one’s equipment implies adopting an original material culture of detachment (mostly by innovation through withdrawal) which goes hand in hand with an alternative subjectivation of practitioners based on a form of voluntary simplicity and asceticism. This enculturation has political consequences, contributing to reconfiguring behaviors, norms and consumer values in the light of alternative markets, partly detaching oneself from “consumer society.”

This article explores the historical role played by female pioneers of elite sport by studying the singular case of Lilí Álvarez (1905-1998). Álvarez was a high-profile Spanish female athlete with an outstanding career characterized by remarkable achievements in various sports, including being singles finalist in Wimbledon for three consecutive years (1926&-1928). In Franco's Spain, Álvarez contributed to the promotion of sports by publishing articles and delivering public lectures on sporting topics. In her published pieces and public talks, Álvarez tried to convince Spaniards of both sexes to exercise, however minimally. Álvarez also disseminated knowledge about sports other than soccer, the national sport. Thus, Álvarez contributed not only to the development of women's sport but also of sports in general. An analysis of Álvarez's case reveals much related to the role of elite female pioneers and their contribution to the history of sport across countries

We study regularity results for nonlinear parabolic systems of p-Laplacian type with inhomogeneous boundary and initial data, with $$p\in (\frac{2n}{n+2},\infty )$$. We show bounds on the gradient of solutions in the Lebesgue-spaces with arbitrary large integrability exponents and natural dependences on the right hand side and the boundary data. In particular, we provide a new proof of the global non-linear Calderon–Zygmund theory for such systems. This extends the global result of Bogelein (Calc Var Partial Differ Equ 51(3–4):555–596, 2014) to very rough domains and more general boundary values. Our method makes use of direct estimates on the solution minus its boundary values and hence is considerably shorter than the available higher integrability results. Technically interesting is the fact that our parabolic estimates have no scaling deficit with respect to the leading order term. Moreover, in the singular case, $$p\in (\frac{2n}{n+2},2]$$, any scaling deficit can be omitted.

For a Riemannian foliation F on a compact manifold M , J. A. \'Alvarez L\'opez proved that the geometrical tautness of F , that is, the existence of a Riemannian metric making all the leaves minimal submanifolds of M, can be characterized by the vanishing of a basic cohomology class (the \'Alvarez class). In this work we generalize this result to the case of a singular Riemannian foliation K on a compact manifold X. In the singular case, no bundle-like metric on X can make all the leaves of K minimal. In this work, we prove that the \'Alvarez classes of the strata can be glued in a unique global \'Alvarez class. As a corollary, if X is simply connected, then the restriction of K to each stratum is geometrically taut, thus generalizing a celebrated result of E. Ghys for the regular case., Comment: 24 pages, 2 figures. Accepted for publication in RACSAM

This paper shows the results of a real life case-study which demonstrates also that there is a need for new Flickermeters able to cope with new lamps' technologies different from standard incandescent, in particular with LED lamps. The case-study refers to a LED lamp that was visibly flickering even if measurements taken onsite with a standard PQ instrument reported neither THD nor Pst issues. Numerical tests using a new Flickermeter proposed by some of the authors and laboratory experiments by means of an objective light Flickermeter have demonstrated the reasons of this singular case.

In this paper we provide a means to approximate Dirac operators with magnetic fields supported on links in S 3 (and R 3 ) by Dirac operators with smooth magnetic fields. Then we proceed to prove that under certain assumptions, the spectral flow of paths along these operators is the same in both the smooth and the singular case. We recently characterized the spectral flow of such paths in the singular case. This allows us to show the existence of new smooth, compactly supported magnetic fields in R 3 for which the associated Dirac operator has a non-trivial kernel. Using Clifford analysis, we also obtain criteria on the magnetic link for the non-existence of zero modes.

Left ventricular non-compaction or "spongy myocardium", is a rare congenital cardiomyopathy that should be considered as a possible diagnosis because of its potential complications. Echocardiography is the diagnostic tool of choice, and cardiomagnetic resonance (CMR) can confirm or rule out this disease. Herein, we report the case of an 8-month-old female child who presented with congestive cardiac failure (CCF) and symptomatic complete heart block (CHB). An echocardiogram established the diagnosis as non-compaction cardiomyopathy (NCCM). An associated double outlet right ventricle with ventricular septal defect and valvular pulmonary stenosis was found. Cardiac magnetic resonance study confirmed the findings. This singular case report of NCCM highlights the importance of clinical awareness of this rare abnormality, its varied presentation and associated cardiac anomalies. The article revisits NCCM and focuses on the practical issues for a proper echodiagnosis.

In an interval of only six decades 1950-2010, we have witnessed the five centuries old emigration process interruption that has shaped modern European history. At the end of World War II begins an intense opposite migration flow from former European colonies to their historic metropolis, which had also incorporated other areas that never had that relationship of dependency. This phenomenon is undoubtedly the most important contemporary social process that has taken place in Europe. Such a transformation could only occur by the confluence of important complementary factors. In separate sections of this article we present the main causes of recent immigrations in Europe and what flows within Europe and from other continents can be identified. Second, we explore the key aspects of immigration: demographics, gender and labor market. Then, we study the problems of integration in the host societies and immigration policies that facilitate it. We ended our discussion with references to the singular case of Spain., En un intervalo de sólo seis décadas 1950-2010, hemos sido testigos de la interrupción del proceso multisecular emigratorio que ha marcado toda la historia moderna europea. Al término de la Segunda Guerra Mundial comienza un intenso reflejo de movilidad opuesta, desde las antiguas colonias europeas hacia su metrópoli histórica, que se ha contagiado también a otras áreas que nunca tuvieron esa relación de dependencia. Este fenómeno constituye, sin duda, el proceso social contemporáneo más importante que ha tenido lugar en Europa. Una transformación así sólo ha podido ocurrir por la confluencia de importantes factores complementarios. En diferentes apartados de este artículo exponemos las principales causas de la inmigración reciente en Europa y qué flujos intraeuropeos y procedentes de otros continentes pueden identificarse. En segundo término, nos interesamos por los aspectos claves del fenómeno inmigratorio: demografía, género y mercado de trabajo. Posteriormente estudiamos los problemas de integración en las sociedades de acogida y las políticas migratorias que la facilitan. Terminamos nuestra disertación con referencias al caso muy singular de España. [fr] Dans un intervalle de seulement six décennies 1950-2010, nous avons assisté à l’interruption des cinq siècles d’émigration qui ont façonné l’histoire moderne européenne. A la fin de la Seconde Guerre mondiale commence un flux migratoire intense en face des anciennes colonies européennes à leur métropole historique, qui a également intégré d’autres domaines qui n’ont jamais eu cette relation de dépendance. Ce phénomène est sans doute le plus important processus social contemporain qui a eu lieu en Europe. Une telle transformation ne peut avoir lieu que par la confluence d’importants facteurs complémentaires. Dans des sections distinctes de cet article, nous présentons les principales causes d’immigrations récentes en Europe et leurs composantes principales. Deuxièmement, nous examinons les principaux aspects de l’immigration: la démographie, le sexe et le marché du travail. Ensuite, nous étudions les problèmes d’intégration dans les sociétés d’accueil et les politiques d’immigration qui la facilitent. Nous avons terminé notre discussion avec des références aux cas singulier de l’Espagne.

Empirical evidence for the involvement of nonradial pulsations (NRP's) in the mass loss from Be stars ranges from (i) a singular case (\object{$\mu$ Cen}) of repetitive mass ejections triggered by multi-mode beating to (ii) several photometric reports about enormous numbers of pulsation modes popping up during outbursts and on to (iii) effective single-mode pulsators. The BRITE Constellation of nanosatellites was used to obtain mmag photometry of the Be stars $\eta$ and \object{$\mu$ Cen}. In the low-inclination star \object{$\mu$ Cen}, light pollution by variable amounts of near-stellar matter prevented any new insights into the variability and other properties of the central star. In the equator-on star \object{$\eta$ Cen}, BRITE photometry and {\sc Heros} echelle spectroscopy from the 1990s reveal an intricate clockwork of star-disk interactions. The mass transfer is modulated with the frequency difference of two NRP modes and an amplitude three times as large as the amplitude sum of the two NRP modes. This process feeds a high-amplitude circumstellar activity running with the incoherent and slightly lower so-called \v{S}tefl frequency. The mass loss-modulation cycles are tightly coupled to variations in the value of the \v{S}tefl frequency and in its amplitude, albeit with strongly drifting phase differences. The observations are well described by the decomposition of the mass loss into a pulsation-related engine in the star and a viscosity-dominated engine in the circumstellar disk. Arguments are developed that large-scale gas-circulation flows occur at the interface. The propagation rates of these eddies manifest themselves as \v{S}tefl frequencies. Bursts in power spectra during mass-loss events can be understood as the noise inherent to these gas flows., Comment: Recommended for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics

It is shown that the generalized equipartition theorem as applied to the momentum may fail, even though the usual conditions of validity are met. This failure is linked to the nature of the confining walls, with ideal walls constituting a singular case. The corresponding analysis illustrates the use of proper sets of canonical coordinates, and the utility of canonical transformations other than point transformations.

International audience; By 1936, Le Creusot was the only French industrial site not to have experienced any work stoppages; in fact, during his 44-year reign over Schneider enterprises (1898–1942), Eugène II Schneider suffered only one major dispute at Le Creusot, in 1899. This situation reflects the systematic antiunion policy adopted by the ‘house’ union, which engaged in the defense of the company's interests and staged a lockout in July 1900. But how exactly did the creation of workers' representatives support the conversion of shop floors and eventually lead to the eviction of unions from Le Creusot? Our research is based on a singular case and historical facts but goes beyond this to reconstruct and interpret those facts using the yardstick of theory. We gathered multiple sources, including reports and correspondence among managers, news articles, accounts of workers' representatives, commentary by shop stewards and ordinary workers, managerial communication, union or professional tracts, minutes of meetings, and outcomes of elections. After presenting the case we investigated, we set out to demonstrate that the system of management participation, put in place in the Schneider enterprise, ultimately led to the weakening of the union movement within the company. Our case study reveals the strategic decisions made to derail the union system in Le Creusot, which modified industrial relations through the use of workers' representatives.

Acute methanol poisoning is a relatively uncommon and dangerous form of intoxication. It generally occurs after suicidal or accidental events and can be potentially fatal if not diagnosed and treated promptly. Here reported is the case of a 52-year-old Romanian man who survived acute methanol intoxication. Therefore, it was possible to monitor the clinical evolution, the arterial blood gas assay and toxicological research of methanol in blood and urine, as well as the brain damage by computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging during a period of 20 days after the intake. Language: en

By use of the Cerami-Palais-Smale condition, we generalize the classical Weierstrass minimizing theorem to the singular case by allowing functions which attain infinity at some values. As an application, we study certain singular second-order Hamiltonian systems with strong force potential at the origin and show the existence of new periodic solutions with fixed periods.

For A , B ∈ R m × n , let J = [ A , B ] be the set of all matrices C such that A ≤ C ≤ B , where the order is component wise. Krasnosel’skij et al. [9] and Rohn [11] have shown that if A and B are invertible with A - 1 ≥ 0 and B - 1 ≥ 0 , then every C ∈ J is invertible with C - 1 ≥ 0 . In this article, we present certain extensions of this result to the singular case, where the nonnegativity of the usual inverses is replaced by the nonnegativity of the Moore–Penrose inverse.

Part 7: Applications and Control of Lumped Parameter Systems; International audience; This paper is devoted to singular calculus of variations problems with constraints which are not regular mappings at the solution point, e.i. its derivatives are not surjective. We pursue an approach based on the constructions of the p-regularity theory. For p-regular calculus of variations problem we present necessary conditions for optimality in singular case and illustrate our results by classical example of calculus of variations problem.

Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is a rare neutrophilic dermatosis with unknown etiology. PG associated with infectious disease is very unsual. We report a singular case of PG with lymph nodes tuberculosis disease.

Malignant melanoma is the eighth most common cancer in European women. Its incidence is increasing rapidly and it has been demonstrated that this is related to sun exposure. Although few cases of bilateral uveal or choroidal melanoma are described in literature, there are no cases reporting bilateral cutaneous malignant melanoma. We report a singular case of a 43-year-old woman with two primary bilateral melanomas localized on the flexural surface of both legs.

In this paper, we study the classical problem of the exponentially small splitting of separatrices of the rapidly forced pendulum. Firstly, we give an asymptotic formula for the distance between the perturbed invariant manifolds in the so-called singular case and we compare it with the prediction of Melnikov theory. Secondly, we give exponentially small upper bounds in some cases in which the perturbation is bigger than in the singular case and we give some heuristic ideas how to obtain an asymptotic formula for these cases. Finally, we study how the splitting of separatrices behaves when the parameters are close to a codimension-2 bifurcation point.

O trabalho reúne alguns resultados de um inventário do Patrimônio Cultural da cidade de Itu [SP]. Apresentamos aqui o tópico referente à arquitetura rural, que, embora ainda não completo, apresenta nos levantamentos até então realizados algumas significativas considerações, das quais daremos destaque a dois aspectos: o primeiro é a relação entre a manutenção da tradição arquitetônica bandeirista e a influência mineira na segunda metade do século XVIII e meados do XIX; o segundo, é a constituição, no século XIX, de núcleos policultores. Diferente do oeste paulista onde foram constituídas novas unidades produtivas, voltadas particularmente à produção cafeeira, Itu se constituicaso singular por dois fatores: primeiro pela existência de uma expressiva variedade tipológica das casas sede, onde se destaca a manutenção do partido bandeirista com marcas da influência mineira verificadas no ciclo do “torna-viagem”; segundo, as fazendas não se constituem exclusivamente como unidades de produção monocultoras e sim como policultoras.

We analyze the noncommutative two-dimensional Wess-Zumino-Witten model and its properties under Seiberg-Witten transformations in the operator formulation. We prove that the model is invariant under such transformations even for the noncritical (non chiral) case, in which the coefficients of the kinetic and Wess-Zumino terms are not related. The pure Wess-Zumino term represents a singular case in which this transformation fails to reach a commutative limit. We also discuss potential implications of this result for bosonization., Version to appear in Nuclear Physics B

Given a collection of complex numbers $\gamma \equiv \{\gamma _{ij}\}\,\,\,(0\leq i+j\leq 2n,\,\,\,|i-j|\leq n)$ with $\gamma _{00}>0$ and $\gamma _{ji}=\bar{\gamma}_{ij},$ we consider the moment problem for $\gamma$ in the case of $n=2$, which is refered to Embry quartic moment problem. In this note we give a solution for the singular case.

Similarly to other cluster of galaxies previously classified as cooling flow systems, the Chandra observation of MKW3s reveals that this object has a complex X-ray structure hosting both a X-ray cavity and a X-ray filament. Unlike the other clusters, however, the temperature map of the core of MKW3s shows the presence of extended regions of gas heated above the radially averaged gas temperature at any radius. As the cluster does not show evidences for ongoing major mergers Mazzotta et al. suggest a connection between the heated gas and the activity of the central AGN. Nevertheless, due to the lack of high quality radio maps, this interpretation was controversial. In this paper we present the results of two new radio observations of MKW3s at 1.28GHz and 604MHz obtained at the GMRT. Together with the Chandra observation and a separate VLA observation at 327MHz from Young, we show unequivocal evidences for a close connection between the heated gas region and the AGN activity and we briefly summarize possible implications., To appear in a special issue of the "Journal of the Korean Astronomical Society" (JKAS). Proceedings of the International conference on Cosmic Rays and Magnetic Fields in Large Scale Structure, Busan, Korea, 2004

The authors describe a singular case of fatal impalement due to penetration of a metal tube at the level of the neck in a victim of a road traffic accident. The man was traveling in the passenger seat ("death seat") of a car that hit the parapet of a bridge head on; death was attributed to hemorrhagic shock, which was brought on virtually instantly at the moment of impact.

This paper looks at some results concerning the Monodromy Conjecture. The conjecture states that for a nonconstant regular function is nonsingular. This proof is not only included for its simplicity, but also because we will need exactly the same arguments in the second part. There we explain what can, and what cannot, be expected in the singular case.

In the paper algebraic properties of centrosymmetric and centro-skewsymmetric Toeplitz-plus-Hankel (T+H) matrices are investigated. It is shown that in the nonsingular case the inverse can be constructed with the help of the solutions of four related Toeplitz systems with symmetric or skewsymmetric right-hand sides. In the singular case the related Toeplitz matrices determine the kernel of the T+H matrices. Finally centrosymmetric and centro-skewsymmetric T+H Bezoutians are characterized.

For a matrix decomposable as A = sI − B , where B ⩾0, it is well known that A −1 ⩾0 if and only if the spectral radius ρ( B )> s . An extension of this result to the singular case ρ ( B )= s is made by replacing A −1 by [ A + t ( I − AA D )] −1 , where A D is the Drazin generalized inverse.

We extend to the singular case the results of [E. Henriques, J.M. Urbano, Intrinsic scaling for PDEs with an exponential nonlinearity, Indiana Univ. Math. J. 55 (5) (2006) 1701–1721] concerning the regularity of weak solutions of the porous medium equation with variable exponent. The method of intrinsic scaling is used to show that local weak solutions are locally continuous.

Investigating the stability of the Wigner equation where the class of its approximate solutions is defined by the inequality 〈f(x)|f(y)〉 −|〈x|y〉| ⩽e‖x‖ p ‖y‖ p , x,y∈E (E⧹{0} for p (for E,F Hilbert spaces, f:E→F, e>0, p∈ R ) we notice that the results are different for p=1. We consider this case and its consequences for a conditional Wigner equation.

for some e > 0 and all x y ∈ Z. Those who do not know why this is called the singular case are invited to peruse the book [7]. Suffice it to recall here that, putting together theorems 1.1, 2.1, and 2.2 therein, one has the following starting result. Theorem 1 (Hyers–Rassias–Gajda). Let p = 1 be a fixed real number. Suppose ω Z → Y is a mapping (acting between Banach spaces) satisfying an estimate

The paper presents the continuation of the previous results devoted to the problem of solutions existence to nonlinear equations in singular case where a linear part of considered mapping determining the equation may be degenerate at the corresponding initial point. We study the case when the p-kernel of the mapping is non trivial. Such type of problems appears in various mathematical models and applications. The p-regularity theory is used in our analysis and some concepts and technics of set-valued approach.

We present a general method for the exact computation of the number of zeros of a complex polynomial inside the unit disk, assuming that the polynomial does not vanish on the unit circle. We prove the existence of a polynomial sequence. This sequence involves a reduced number of arithmetic operations and the growth of intermediate coefficients remains controlled. We study the singular case where the constant term of a polynomial of this sequence vanishes.

We validate the Poincare–Melnikov method in the singular case of high-frequency periodic perturbations of the Hamiltonian h 0 ( x , y ) = ( 1 / 2 ) y 2 - x 3 + x 4 under appropriate conditions, which among other things, imply that we are considering the bifurcation case when the character of the fixed point changes from parabolic in the unperturbed case to hyperbolic in the perturbed one. The splitting is exponentially small.

We report the uncommon case of an acute cavernous sinus syndrome in a patient who was consequently discovered to have both a cavernous internal carotid artery aneurysm and bacterial meningitis. Which came first, the chicken or the egg? Which of the two, the aneurysm or the meningitis, gave rise to the patient’s symptoms? We briefly reviewed the literature of similar cases and tried to analyze the possible pathophysiological relationship between these findings. Moreover, this case highlights the importance of a multidisciplinary management of these patients to better decide between a medical and a surgical and/or endovascular treatment.

The Ito equation is shown to be a singular case of a physical system representable in terms of general stochastic processes.

The main result of this paper is that $g$-inverses are not needed for computing optimum designs when the singularity of the information matrix is unavoidable. They are, of course, needed for the analysis. It will be shown that it is possible to augment the experimental region so that procedures for computing optimum designs for $s$ out $k$ parameters $(s < k)$ which are developed for the nonsingular case may also be used for the singular case.