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The deficiency df(v) of a vertex v is the deviation between the degree of the vertex v and the maximum degree of the graph. The maximum deficiency matrix Mdf(G) of a simple graph G is square matrix whose (i,j)th entry is max(df(vi),df(vj)), if the vertices vi and vj are adjacent and 0, otherwise. Maximum deficiency energy EMdf(G) is the absolute sum of eigenvalues of maximum deficiency matrix Mdf(G). In this paper, we find maximum deficiency energy of some classes of graphs. Moreover, we construct an algorithm and Python 3.8 program to find out spectrum and maximum deficiency energy of G. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we introduce the concept of deficiency sum matrix Sdf (G) of a simple graph G = (V;E) of order n. The deficiency df(v) of a vertex v 2 V is the deviation between the degree of the vertex v and the maximum degree of the graph. The deficiency sum matrix Sdf (G) is a matrix of order n whose (i; j)-th entry isdf(vi) +df(vj), if the vertices vi and vj are adjacent and 0, otherwise. In addition, we introduce deficiency sum energy ESdf (G) of a graph G and establish some bounds for ESdf (G). Further, deficiency sum energy of some classes of graphs are obtained. Moreover, we construct an algorithm and python(3.8) code to find out spectrum and deficiency sum energy of graph G [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

COVID-19 is a disease caused by a novel coronavirus that is quickly spreading over the world. There is no specific medicine for the treatment of COVID-19, and it is being treated with existing drugs. To treat this condition, new medication research is being conducted. A topological index is a form of molecular descriptor that simply establishes numerical values associated with a compound's molecular structure and is efficiently employed in modeling several physico-chemical aspects in numerous quantitative structure-property/activity relationship (QSPR/QSAR) investigations. In this article, we compute some general temperature topological indices of chloroquine, hydroxychloroquine, theaflavin, lopinavir, ritonavir, and arbidol molecular structures. In addition, QSPR analysis of the relevant topological indices is presented, and it is established that these topological indices are highly correlated with the physico-chemical properties of COVID-19 drugs. This theoretic approach may aid chemists and others working in the pharmaceutical sector in predicting the qualities of COVID-19 drugs before experimenting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Quantification of crazing in optical components made of glassy polymers is important as crazing degrades a component’s optical performance and mechanical strength. The present work describes a single-beam-based full-field optical crazimeter for imaging and quantification of crazes in transparent samples of plastic using the principles of Fourier optics. A collimated laser beam passes through the sample and acquires information about crazes present in it. A specially designed and fabricated spatial bandpass filter is used in the 4 f optical information processing setup to image crazes present in the sample and reject the noise signal. Digital image processing is used to extract quantitative information about craze density from the recorded images. The proposed crazimeter may enable full-field inspection of consumer products made of various transparent plastics for the presence of crazes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The concept of maximum deficiency matrix Mdf (G) of a simple graph G is introduced in this paper. Let G = (V,E) be a simple graph of order n and let df(vi) be the deficiency of a vertex vi, i = 1, 2, . . ., n, then the maximum deficiency matrix Mdf (G) = [fij ]n×n is defined as: fij = (max{df(vi), df(vj)}, if vivj 2 E(G) 0, otherwise. Further, some coefficients of the characteristic polynomial (G;) of the maximum deficiency matrix of G are obtained. The maximum deficiency energy EMdf (G) of a graph G is also introduced. The bounds for EMdf (G) are established. Moreover, maximum deficiency energy of some standard graphs is shown, and if the maximum deficiency energy of a graph is rational, then it must be an even integer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Studies conducted on Brayton-Rankine combined cycle power plants have shown that the performance of its gas turbine unit and hence the overall performance of the plant can be improved by decreasing the compressor inlet air temperature. In these plants, a lot of low grade heat goes waste along with the exhaust gases. Absorption refrigeration systems always attract the users to utilize the low grade waste heat wherever it is available Therefore, in this work, a simulation model of an Indian combined cycle power plant coupled with exhaust heat operated ammonia-water absorption refrigeration system has been developed to investigate the performance of the combined system according to Indian atmospheric conditions which vary throughout the year. Energy and exergy analysis reveals that by having this arrangement, in summer season, an additional net power of 9440 kW is developed thereby increasing the thermal efficiency of the plant by 1.193% and the exergy efficiency by 1.133%. But, in winter, it would further increase the power output by 400 kW. As the North Indian atmospheric temperature varies from about 45 °C in summer to about 3 °C in winter, the variation of plant performance with the variation of ammonia condenser temperature has also been studied. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Roman Jakobson's idea that adaptation is a kind of translation has been further expanded by functionalist theorists who claim that translation necessarily involves interpretation. Premised on this view, the present paper argues that the adaptation of Premchand's short story "Shatranj ke Khilari" into film of that name by Satyajit Ray is an allegorical interpretation. The idea of allegorical interpretation is based on that ultimate four-fold schema of interpretation which Dante suggests to his friend, Can Grande della Scala, for interpretation of his poem Divine Comedy. This interpretive scheme is suitable for interpreting contemporary reality with a little modification. As Walter Benjamin believes that a translation issues from the original - not so much from its life as from its after-life - it is argued here that in Satyajit Ray's adaptation Premchand's short story undergoes a living renewal and becomes a purposeful manifestation of its essence. The film not only depicts the social and political condition of Awadh during the reign of Wajid Ali Shah but also opens space for engaging with the contemporary political reality of India in 1977. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract: This paper presents second law analysis of a combined triple power cycle. The Brayton–Rankine combined cycle of a natural gas fired power plant situated in India and the Kalina cycle of Orkuveita Húsavíkur geothermal power plant in Husavik, Iceland were considered. These cycles were simulated in MATLAB and the simulated results were compared with the actual results to validate the simulation. These cycles were then combined and the performance of the resulting triple cycle was evaluated according to Indian atmospheric conditions to investigate the possibility of using Kalina cycle system in India. A significant performance improvement and reduction in CO2 emission was found. With the same fuel consumption, the net power output was found to increase by about 1.27%, the thermal efficiency by 0.54% and the exergy efficiency by 0.51%. To generate the same additional power by the Brayton–Rankine combined cycle alone, an additional 1.24% of natural gas would be burned which would increase the CO2 emission into the atmosphere by 1.24%. The effects of topping cycle pressure ratio, inlet air temperature and relative humidity on the triple cycle performance were also studied and the cycle was optimized with respect to the pressure ratio. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]

Profoundly engaged in capturing the outward flow of plantation diaspora from India in the nineteenth century, Amitav Ghosh's Sea of Poppies (2008) focuses on one female girmitiya named Deeti, a high caste widow from Ghazipur in Uttar Pradesh, who elopes with an untouchable. Taking cue from the pages of Sir George Grierson's diary, Ghosh recovers Deeti from history, not so much with the imagination of a novelist as with the instincts of an anthropologist. Devoted to reinvention, the novel tackles the loss of Deeti's caste, its contested status in the migratory experience and its final recovery as a thematic concern. Though the traditional caste hierarchy was practically lost in the migratory process, I argue, it continued to exist in alternative form and only waited to be found in time. I also argue that the old Indian diaspora's sentimental search for their ancestral roots in India is played out in the novel with the suggestion that their search may reveal some uncomfortable truth they would not like to know. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Portable digital holography based camera with laser source and digital sensor array integrated on a mechanical platform. • 192% increase in field of view compared to conventional digital holographic system. • Achieved performance of tripod mount digital holographic camera. • Reduction in exposure time to counter the vibration effects during recording process. Digital holography offers a full-field and high-resolution technique for non-destructive testing and inspection of electro-opto-mechanical components and products. But as holography is an interference-based technique so environmental and system vibrations put requirement for development of holographic systems in laboratory on optical vibration isolation platforms. Another drawback associated with digital holography is its small field of view due to limited spatial resolution of the available digital sensors. In this work, we report design, realization and validation of a compact and portable digital holographic camera (DHC) with enhanced field of view. We used an efficient opto-mechanical design to simultaneously increase the field of view and reduce exposure time and hence the effect of vibrations. The field of view of proposed DHC is 192% more compared to that of conventional digital holographic system. The temporal stability of the developed DHC is measured to be 48 nm over an operation time of 10 min. This development may enable use of digital holography for wide range of non-destructive testing applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper describes detection of cracks in ceramic tableware using a portable digital holographic camera working on the principle of double-exposure digital holographic interferometry. Digital image processing techniques are applied on amplitude and phase information obtained from the numerically reconstructed wavefronts of the test object to locate position of the defect. Speckles generated due to illumination of the rough surface of the ceramic cup with the coherent light source deteriorate quality of the interferometric phase. Several iterations of the averaging filter with optimized kernel size are applied on sine and cosine components of the interferometric phase to minimize the speckle noise. The effect of kernel size of the matrix used in the averaging filter on quality of the interferometric phase is analyzed by evaluating the signal-to-noise ratio. The experimentally obtained size of crack on a ceramic cup (0.08 mm) is validated by a mechanical profiler with an error of 6.6%. This study may help in improving the quality criteria of tableware items.