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Background Clinical classification of the urethrocutaneous fistulas (UCFs) was designed to help the surgeons in (1) categorizing the fistulas, (2) selecting appropriate treatments, (3) keeping record at presentation and discharge, and (4) transferring information while referring a patient with recurrent fistula to a higher center. Methods This retrospective study comprised of 68 patients with UCFs who reported in the "Hypospadias and VVFs Clinic" between 2004 and 2016. The study was performed to determine the incidence or etiology of the UCFs. It was rather performed to classify fistulas into different categories depending on the number of fistulas: A (5 fistulas), B (16 fistulas), C-a (28 fistulas), C-b (4 fistulas), D (4 fistulas), and E (11 fistulas). Category A fistulas healed conservatively. Category B fistulas underwent transection of the fistula tracts (tractotomy), purse-string closure, or multilayered closure (fistulorrhaphy). Category C-a fistulas were reenforced by preputial or penile skin flaps or waterproofing flaps. Category C-b fistulas underwent re-tubularization of their neourethral plates and eccentric closure of peno-preputial skin. The urethral plates of category D fistulas were re-tubularized after 3 to 6 months and cover was provided by the Cecil-Culp procedure. Category E fistulas had associated hairy urethra, stricture distal urethra, stricture with diverticulum, perifistular scar-induced chordee, long narrow urethral plate, balanitis xerotica obliterans (BXO), and short reconstructed neourethra. Accordingly, appropriate corrective measures were taken. Miscellaneous category F was excluded from the study. Results Except for one in category D, none of the patients had any recurrence of fistula. One patient of category E had residual diverticulum. Conclusion The designed clinical classification of UCFs is simple. Treatment was in accordance with reconstructive ladder wherein complexity of treatment paralleled with increasing complexity of fistulas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To purchase or authenticate to the full-text of this article, please visit this link: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1559-1816.2007.00320.x Byline: Malika Singh (a), Stephen A. Woods (a) Abstract: This paper examined the joint predictive effects of trait emotional intelligence (trait-EI), Extraversion, Conscientiousness, and Neuroticism on 2 facets of general well-being and job satisfaction. An employed community sample of 123 individuals from the Indian subcontinent participated in the study, and completed measures of the five-factor model of personality, trait-EI, job satisfaction, and general well-being facets worn-out and up-tight. Trait-EI was related but distinct from the 3 personality variables. Trait-EI demonstrated the strongest correlation with job satisfaction, but predicted general well-being no better than Neuroticism. In regression analyses, trait-EI predicted between 6% and 9% additional variance in the well-being criteria, beyond the 3 personality traits. It was concluded that trait-EI may be useful in examining dispositional influences on psychological well-being. Author Affiliation: (a)Institute of Work, Health, and OrganizationsUniversity of NottinghamNottingham, UK Article note: (1) Correspondence concerning this article should be addressed to Stephen A. Woods, Institute of Work, Health, and Organizations (I-WHO), University of Nottingham, 8 William Lee Buildings, Nottingham Science and Technology Park, University Boulevard, Nottingham NG7 2RQ UK. E-mail: Stephen.woods@nottingham.ac.uk

Purpose: To draft guidelines for choosing an ideal water-proofing flap during surgical closure of simple and complex vesicovaginal fistulas (VVFs). Aims and objectives: To apprise the treating surgical team for choosing the best suitable single or a combination of two pedicled water-proofing flaps to re-enforce the closure site of vesico-vaginal fistulas (VVFs) to prevent recurrences. Materials and methods: This includes brief description of various water-proofing flaps to be planned depending upon characteristics of VVFs, surrounding tissues, the route chosen to approach the VVF, expertise of surgical team and the facilities available at the medical center and the co-existing morbidities. Conclusions: Selection of appropriate single or double water-proofing flaps for re-enforcement of the closed vesico-vaginal fistula ensures success against subsequent recurrence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of writing this manuscript is to awaken the affected women and the dealing gynaecologists to enable them suspect, think, detect and then manage the ongoing overlooked ultra-micro vesico-vaginal fistulas (VVFs). Detailed history, thorough examination, and specific investigations are required to know all the characteristics of such genito-urinary fistulas. Modalities of management of such ultra-micro genito-urinary fistulas do not merely depend upon the facilities available in the treating center but mainly on the experience and expertise of the treating surgeon and the characteristics of the fistulas, because there is no consensus of opinion about any one particular procedure suitable for all types of the VVFs in the presence of different characteristics of fistulas and the signs and symptomatology of the affected women. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]