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4. CAFFEIC ACID COMPLEXES OVER ALUMINA SURFACE: FTIR, TPD MS AND DFT CALCULATIONS.

Author

Nastasiienko, N. S., Kulik, T. V., Ilchenko, M. M., Palianytsia, В. B., Nastasiienko, A. I., Shaw, G., Davies, P. R., Wass, D., and Kartel, M. T.

Subjects
BIOACTIVE compounds, BIOMASS conversion, ALUMINUM cans, PLANT biomass, CATECHOL
Abstract

Caffeic acid (CA) is a phenolic, natural, biologically active compound with pronounced antioxidant and antimicrobial properties. It has a great potential for use in medicine and cosmetology and can also be used to obtain a number of other useful chemicals. Therefore, research aimed at improving the technologies for removing caffeic acid from plant raw materials and its processing is relevant. In our work, we have studied the complexes of caffeic acid with nanosized Al2O3, which is usually used in various plant biomass conversion technologies, using FT-IR spectroscopy, temperature-programmed desorption mass spectrometry (TPD MS), and DFT calculations. The FT-IR spectra analysis shows that CA can interact with aluminum oxide via both the carboxyl and phenolic groups. Based on the measured differences between carbonyl symmetric and asymmetrc vibrational peaks (Δν), it was found that carboxylate complexes of CA on the Al2O3 surface can have bidentate and monodentate structures. The mass spectrometric data analysis made it possible to identify compounds of 4-vinyl catechol, pyrocatechol, and phenol, which are decomposition products of the formed carboxylate and phenolic complexes. It was found that on the surface of the studied CA/Al2O3 samples, CA chelate complexes, formed with the participation of both OH groups of the aromatic ring, predominate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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5. Maternal periconceptional exposure to drinking water disinfection by‐products and neural tube defects in offspring.

Author

Kancherla, V., Rhoads, A., Conway, K. M., Suhl, J., Langlois, P. H., Hoyt, A. T., Shaw, G. M., Evans, S. P., Moore, C. A., Luben, T. J., Michalski, A., Feldkamp, M. L., and Romitti, P. A.

Abstract

Background: Associations between maternal periconceptional exposure to disinfection by‐products (DBPs) in drinking water and neural tube defects (NTDs) in offspring are inconclusive, limited in part by exposure misclassification. Methods: Maternal interview reports of drinking water sources and consumption from the National Birth Defects Prevention Study were linked with DBP concentrations in public water system monitoring data for case children with an NTD and control children delivered during 2000–2005. DBPs analyzed were total trihalomethanes, the five most common haloacetic acids combined, and individual species. Associations were estimated for all NTDs combined and selected subtypes (spina bifida, anencephaly) with maternal periconceptional exposure to DBPs in public water systems and with average daily periconceptional ingestion of DBPs accounting for individual‐level consumption and filtration information. Mixed effects logistic regression models with maternal race/ethnicity and educational attainment at delivery as fixed effects and study site as a random intercept were applied. Results: Overall, 111 case and 649 control children were eligible for analyses. Adjusted odds ratios for maternal exposure to DBPs in public water systems ranged from 0.8–1.5 for all NTDs combined, 0.6–2.0 for spina bifida, and 0.7–1.9 for anencephaly; respective ranges for average daily maternal ingestion of DBPs were 0.7–1.1, 0.5–1.5, and 0.6–1.8. Several positive estimates (≥1.2) were observed, but all confidence intervals included the null. Conclusions: Using community‐ and individual‐level data from a large, US, population‐based, case–control study, we observed statistically nonsignificant associations between maternal periconceptional exposure to total and individual DBP species in drinking water and NTDs and subtypes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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11. Sights of battle, art and war in Britain, c.1885-1919

Author

Shaw, G.

Subjects
708
Abstract

This study examines paintings of battle produced in Britain between c.1885 and 1919, drawing for examples on works produced for exhibition at . the Royal Academy, in private galleries and under the official artists' schemes during the First World War. Much of the material examined in this study has received little previous art historical attention; in particular, paintings produced between 1902 and 1919 by artists active in the military genre from the nineteenth century are considered. The primary focus is upon how war was pictorialised; conventions in iconography and narrative constructions are identified and explored, as are the difficulties faced by nurtists in representing the subject of battle. Central to this is how the technology of war and the nature of battle developed across the period, and what pictorial strategies were adopted in response. Across most of the prriod past conflicts prevailed as the dominant subject, and representations ttf historical as well as contemporary battles are included in this analysis. The relationship between the practice of battle painting and the illustrated press was important; this will be examined in detail. Connected to this is the criterion of witness authority, which is shown to be problematic. Images of battle functioned in the construction of the wider memory of war; how this opprntrd pictorially and through display is examined, especially across the dimpn810ns of public or private, regional or national and civilian or military.

Published
2007

13. Remimazolam compared to midazolam for dental sedation: an umbrella review.

Author

Shaw, G. and Taylor, K.

Subjects
DENTAL anesthesia, MIDAZOLAM, PRACTICE of dentistry, DRUG standards, DRUG approval
Abstract

Remimazolam is a newly approved benzodiazepine drug used for intravenous sedation. Its efficacy and safety compared to the standard sedative drug, midazolam, have not been studied extensively, particularly in the dental setting. This study aims to compare the outcomes of remimazolam and midazolam for single-drug intravenous sedation and to discuss its potential use in dentistry. A search was conducted across six electronic databases for systematic reviews comparing the efficacy and safety of remimazolam and midazolam. Five systematic reviews were included from a total of 542 studies. The findings indicated that remimazolam may offer significant advantages over midazolam, including faster onset, higher procedure success rates, reduced need for rescue sedatives, shorter recovery time, improved cognitive recovery, and fewer instances of hypoxia. However, there were no significant findings regarding procedure completion or required sedation dosage. Overall, the evidence suggests that remimazolam has statistically significant benefits over midazolam for intravenous sedation. However, more clinical trials are needed to determine its suitability and clinical significance in dental practice. Further research is required to fully understand the potential advantages of remimazolam in the dental setting. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024

15. Properties of Rubble-Pile Asteroid (101955) Bennu from OSIRIS-REx Imaging and Thermal Analysis

Author

DellaGiustina, D. N, Emery, J. P, Golish, D. R, Rozitis, B, Bennett, C. A, Burke, K. N, Ballouz, R.-L, Becker, K. J, Christensen, P. R, Drouet d’Aubigny, C. Y, Hamilton, V. E, Reuter, D. C, Rizk, B, Simon, A. A, Asphaug, E, Bandfield, J. L, Barnouin, O. S, Barucci, M. A, Binzel, R. P, Bottke, W. F, Bowles, N. E, Campins, H, Clark, B. C, Clark, B. E, Connolly, H. C., Jr, Daly, M. G, de Leon, J, Delbo, M, Deshapriya, J. D. P, Fornasier, S, Hergenrother, C. W, Jawin, E. R, Howell, E. S, Kaplan, H. H, Kareta, T. R, Corre, L. Le, Li, J.-Y, Licandro, J, Lim, L. F, Michel, P, Molaro, J, Nolan, M. C, Popescu, M, Rizos Garcia, J. L, Ryan, A, Schwartz, S. R, Shultz, N, Siegler, M. A, Smith, P. H, Tatsumi, E, Thomas, C. A, Walsh, K. J, Wolner, C. W. V, Zou, X.-D, Lauretta, D. S, Highsmith, D. E, Small, J, Vokrouhlick, D, Brown, E, Hanna, K. L. Donaldson, Warren, T, Brunet, C, Chicoine, R. A, Desjardins, S, Gaudreau, D, Haltigin, T, Millington-Veloza, S, Rubi, A, Aponte, J, Gorius, N, Lunsford, A, Allen, B, Grindlay, J, Guevel, D, Hoak, D, Hong, J, Schrader, D. L, Bayron, J, Golubov, O, Sánchez, P, Stromberg, J, Hirabayashi, M, Hartzell, C. M, Oliver, S, Rascon, M, Harch, A, Joseph, J, Squyres, S, Richardson, D, McGraw, L, Ghent, R, Al Asad, M. M, Johnson, C. L, Philpott, L, Susorney, H. C. M, Cloutis, E. A, Hanna, R. D, Ciceri, F, Hildebrand, A. R, Ibrahim, E.-M, Breitenfeld, L, Glotch, T, Rogers, A. D, Ferrone, S, Fernandez, Y, Chang, W, Cheuvront, A, Trang, D, Tachibana, S, Yurimoto, H, Brucato, J. R, Poggiali, G, Pajola, M, Dotto, E, Mazzotta Epifani, E, Crombie, M. K, Lantz, C, Izawa, M. R. M, Leon, J. de, Clemett, S, Thomas-Keprta, K, Van wal, S, Yoshikawa, M, Bellerose, J, Bhaskaran, S, Boyles, C, Chesley, S. R, Elder, C. M, Farnocchia, D, Harbison, A, Kennedy, B, Knight, A, Martinez-Vlasoff, N, Mastrodemos, N, McElrath, T, Owen, W, Park, R, Rush, B, Swanson, L, Takahashi, Y, Velez, D, Yetter, K, Thayer, C, Adam, C, Antreasian, P, Bauman, J, Bryan, C, Carcich, B, Corvin, M, Geeraert, J, Hoffman, J, Leonard, J. M, Lessac-Chenen, E, Levine, A, McAdams, J, McCarthy, L, Nelson, D, Page, B, Pelgrift, B, Sahr, E, Stakkestad, K, Stanbridge, D, Wibben, D, Williams, B, Williams, K, Wolff, P, Hayne, P, Kubitschek, D, Fulchignoni, M, Hasselmann, P, Merlin, F, Praet, A, Bierhaus, E. B, Billett, O, Boggs, A, Buck, B, Carlson-Kelly, S, Cerna, J, Chaffin, K, Church, E, Coltrin, M, Daly, J, Deguzman, A, Dubisher, R, Eckart, D, Ellis, D, Falkenstern, P, Fisher, A, Fisher, M. E, Fleming, P, Fortney, K, Francis, S, Freund, S, Gonzales, S, Haas, P, Hasten, A, Hauf, D, Hilbert, A, Howell, D, Jaen, F, Jayakody, N, Jenkins, M, Johnson, K, Lefevre, M, Ma, H, Mario, C, Martin, K, May, C, McGee, M, Miller, B, Miller, C, Miller, G, Mirfakhrai, A, Muhl, E, Norman, C, Olds, R, Parish, C, Ryle, M, Schmitzer, M, Sherman, P, Skeen, M, Susak, M, Sutter, B, Tran, Q, Welch, C, Witherspoon, R, Wood, J, Zareski, J, Arvizu-Jakubicki, M, Audi, E, Bandrowski, R, Becker, T. L, Bendall, S, Bloomenthal, H, Blum, D, Boynton, W. V, Brodbeck, J, Chojnacki, M, Colpo, A, Contreras, J, Cutts, J, Dean, D, Diallo, B, Drinnon, D, Drozd, K, Enos, H. L, Enos, R, Fellows, C, Ferro, T, Fisher, M. R, Fitzgibbon, G, Fitzgibbon, M, Forelli, J, Forrester, T, Galinsky, I, Garcia, R, Gardner, A, Habib, N, Hamara, D, Hammond, D, Hanley, K, Harshman, K, Herzog, K, Hill, D, Hoekenga, C, Hooven, S, Huettner, E, Janakus, A, Jones, J, Kidd, J, Kingsbury, K, Balram-Knutson, S. S, Koelbel, L, Kreiner, J, Lambert, D, Lewin, C, Lovelace, B, Loveridge, M, Lujan, M, Maleszewski, C. K, Malhotra, R, Marchese, K, McDonough, E, Mogk, N, Morrison, V, Morton, E, Munoz, R, Nelson, J, Padilla, J, Pennington, R, Polit, A, Ramos, N, Reddy, V, Riehl, M, Roper, H. L, Salazar, S, Selznick, S, Stewart, S, Sutton, S, Swindle, T, Tang, Y. H, Westermann, M, Worden, D, Zega, T, Zeszut, Z, Bjurstrom, A, Bloomquist, L, Dickinson, C, Keates, E, Liang, J, Nifo, V, Taylor, A, Teti, F, Caplinger, M, Bowles, H, Carter, S, Dickenshied, S, Doerres, D, Fisher, T, Hagee, W, Hill, J, Miner, M, Noss, D, Piacentine, N, Smith, M, Toland, A, Wren, P, Bernacki, M, Pino Munoz, D, Watanabe, S.-I, Sandford, S. A, Aqueche, A, Ashman, B, Barker, M, Bartels, A, Berry, K, Bos, B, Burns, R, Calloway, A, Carpenter, R, Castro, N, Cosentino, R, Donaldson, J, Dworkin, J. P, Cook, J. Elsila, Emr, C, Everett, D, Fennell, D, Fleshman, K, Folta, D, Gallagher, D, Garvin, J, Getzandanner, K, Glavin, D, Hull, S, Hyde, K, Ido, H, Ingegneri, A, Jones, N, Kaotira, P, Liounis, A, Lorentson, C, Lorenz, D, Lyzhoft, J, Mazarico, E. M, Mink, R, Moore, W, Moreau, M, Mullen, S, Nagy, J, Neumann, G, Nuth, J, Poland, D, Rhoads, L, Rieger, S, Rowlands, D, Sallitt, D, Scroggins, A, Shaw, G, Swenson, J, Vasudeva, P, Wasser, M, Zellar, R, Grossman, J, Johnston, G, Morris, M, Wendel, J, Burton, A, Keller, L. P, McNamara, L, Messenger, S, Nakamura-Messenger, K, Nguyen, A, Righter, K, Queen, E, Bellamy, K, Dill, K, Gardner, S, Giuntini, M, Key, B, Kissell, J, Patterson, D, Vaughan, D, Wright, B, Gaskell, R. W, Le Corre, L, Molaro, J. L, Palmer, E. E, Tricarico, P, Weirich, J. R, Ireland, T, Tait, K, Bland, P, Anwar, S, Bojorquez-Murphy, N, Haberle, C. W, Mehall, G, Rios, K, Franchi, I, Beddingfield, C. B, Marshall, J, Brack, D. N, French, A. S, McMahon, J. W, Scheeres, D. J, McCoy, T. J, Russell, S, Killgore, M, Chodas, M, Lambert, M, Masterson, R. A, Freemantle, J, Seabrook, J. A, Craft, K, Daly, R. T, Ernst, C, Espiritu, R. C, Holdridge, M, Jones, M, Nair, A. H, Nguyen, L, Peachey, J, Perry, M. E, Plescia, J, Roberts, J. H, Steele, R, Turner, R, Backer, J, Edmundson, K, Mapel, J, Milazzo, M, Sides, S, Manzoni, C, May, B, Libourel, G, Thuillet, F, and Marty, B

Subjects
Lunar And Planetary Science And Exploration
Abstract

Establishing the abundance and physical properties of regolith and boulders on asteroids is crucial for understanding the formation and degradation mechanisms at work on their surfaces. Using images and thermal data from NASA's Origins, Spectral Interpretation, Resource Identification, and Security-Regolith Explorer (OSIRIS-REx) spacecraft, we show that asteroid (101955) Bennu's surface is globally rough, dense with boulders, and low in albedo. The number of boulders is surprising given Bennu's moderate thermal inertia, suggesting that simple models linking thermal inertia to particle size do not adequately capture the complexity relating these properties. At the same time, we find evidence for a wide range of particle sizes with distinct albedo characteristics. Our findings imply that ages of Bennu's surface particles span from the disruption of the asteroid's parent body (boulders) to recent in situ production (micrometre-scale particles).

Published
2019
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21. Delving Into Ocean World Interiors

Author

Malaska, M, Shaw, G, Abramson, E. H, Journaux, B, Bollengier, O, Brown, J. M, and Vance, Steve

Abstract

UNKNOWN

Published
2018

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