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The investigation of thermal radiation and thermophoretic impacts on nano-based liquid circulation in a microchannel has a significant impact on the cooling of microscale equipment, microliquid devices, and many more. These miniature systems can benefit from the improved heat transfer efficiency made possible by the use of nanofluids, which are designed to consist of colloidal dispersion of nanoparticles in a carrier liquid. Understanding and precisely modeling the thermophoretic deposition (TPD) of nanoparticles on the channel surfaces is of utmost importance since it can greatly affect the heat transmission properties. This work examines the complex interaction between quadratic thermal radiation, magnetohydrodynamics, and TPD in a permeable microchannel. It aims to solve a significant knowledge gap in microfluidics and thermal and mass transport. The governing equations are simplified by applying suitable similarity restrictions, and computing solutions to the resulting equations is done using the Runge‒Kutta Fehlberg fourth‒fifth-order scheme. The results are shown using graphs, and significant engineering metrics are analyzed. The outcomes show that increased Eckert number, magnetic, and porous factors will improve the thermal distribution. Quadratic thermal radiation shows the greater thermal distribution in the presence of these parameters, while Linear thermal radiation shows the least thermal distribution. The rate of thermal distribution is higher in the linear thermal distribution case and least in the nonlinear thermal radiation case in the presence of radiation and solid fraction factors. The outcomes of the present research are helpful in improving the thermal performance in microscale devices, electronic devices cooling, health care equipment, and other microfluidic applications.

The manufactured products that rely on molten Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) via Tederic machine (450 t) suffer from some types of defects such as black dots, shrinkage, and bubbles, which weaken the competitiveness. Therefore, this work proposes the Jidoka recruit's network system (JRNS) to set optimal operating parameters to reduce the processes' output variations and cut down on total process wastage autonomously. The suggested JRNS consists of two sequential stages. The first stage in front propagation relies on response surface methodology (RSM) in classifying the significant operating parameters from 15 candidates experimentally (DOE) to identify the most crucial one. The second stage predicts the processes' deviation by integrating two meta-heuristic methods called harmony search (HS) and weighted superposition attraction (WSPA) in the backpropagation to automatically reset the operating parameters to keep the product within the standard specification to avoid 11 defect chances. JRNS is innovative and has been used to upgrade autonomous control for enhancing the Tederic machine (450 t) process to reduce 70.98% of molding defects. The JRNS (RSM, WSPA + HS) increases the operation efficiency from 94% to 100% and reduces the defects per million opportunity to the six sigma scale. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The advancement of cutting tool components and design is presently promoting innovative developments in numerous different machining-related industries. The characteristics of nanofluid are important for machining activities such as the drilling process, grinding, rotating, milling, and cutting. Various machining procedures require distinct lubricating oils and nanofluids for cutting-edge innovations. The significant contribution of the current mechanism is to explore the fluctuating heat and mass flux of Darcy–Forchheimer chemically reactive nanofluid along a buoyancy-driven porous plate under solar radiation region. Flow through a Darcy medium has a wide range of applications such as the use of oil in various hydrothermal transfer control, radioactive nuclear disposal systems, water improvement, and filtration of water. The dimensional model is transformed into non-dimension for scaling factors. The primitive-based transformation is applied on steady and oscillatory parts for smooth algorithm in FORTRAN language machine by using an implicit finite difference method. The numerical and graphical results of velocity, temperature, and concentration are executed by the Gaussian elimination method. To enhance the frequency and wavelength, the impact of solar radiations is applied on periodic nanoparticles with Darcy–Forchheimer relation. The novelty of this proposal is to explore the wave oscillations, amplitude, and phase angle of thermal and concentration boundary layer of Darcy–Forchheimer nanofluid flow under chemical reaction and solar radiation region. It is noticed that the prominent wavelength and frequency in thermal and concentration boundary layers is generated under porous and solar radiation region. The significance of temperature variation increases as solar radiation, chemical reaction, Brownian motion, and thermophoresis increase. It is found that minimum oscillation in heat transport is observed as Pr decreases but maximum oscillation in heat transfer is sketched as Pr enhances. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Supply Chain Networks Distribution (SCND) topology aims to find the best position and size for facilities to ensure optimal products flow based on the Matheuristic approach (i.e. decomposition meta-heuristics). This problem is a multi-objective function designed to reduce the transported costs and associated delivery times. The Matheuristic presents a brilliant hybridize between the meta-heuristics steps and mathematical procedures in solving large-size problems with the slightest deviation ∅. This paper proposed an ant colony-based algorithm evolved by mathematical procedures called Mat-ACO, compared with SA "simulated annealing" and CA "Camel algorithm." The authors deduced that the mathematical solution is limited as the instances grow, significantly if increased than 600 network hotspots. The Mat-ACO, SA, and CA results are close to counterparts obtained by LINGO, with a difference of 2.03%, 2.49%, and 3.75%, respectively, and continue to extract results from more than 1350 network hotspots. The main contribution is to find the optimum tuning parameters, which will reduce the deviation from the exact solution. This paper reveals that no feasible solution can catch the LINGO at large-size problems. At the same time, the CA is superior to SA in the large problem sizes, while Mat-ACO still presents preferred solutions in minimum time. The proposed methodology is classified as a closed-loop network strategy that targets green management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper solves a generalized class of first-order fractional ordinary differential equations (1st-order FODEs) by means of Riemann–Liouville fractional derivative (RLFD). The principal incentive of this paper is to generalize some existing results in the literature. An effective approach is applied to solve non-homogeneous fractional differential systems containing 2 n periodic terms. The exact solutions are determined explicitly in a straightforward manner. The solutions are expressed in terms of entire functions with fractional order arguments. Features of the current solutions are discussed and analyzed. In addition, the existing solutions in the literature are recovered as special cases of our results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The species chemical reaction is an especially significant event in transient fluids. This is a crucial element that raises the temperature as a result of a noticeable rise in reaction rates. Hydrometallurgical industries and chemical engineering, such as the manufacturing of polymers and the processing of food, put a significant amount of concentration with consequences of chemical reactions on heat and mass transport. The effects of chemical reaction, reduced gravity, viscous dissipation, and viscosity on oscillatory heat and mass properties of gravity-driven reactive flow across an inclined heated plate at three positions cos 30 ° , cos 45 ° , and cos 60 ° are the main objective of this work. To elaborate material quantities, the computational mathematical model is developed. The viscosity of fluid is considered as a function of temperature. The non-dimensional model is transformed into non-oscillating and oscillating parts by using Stokes factors. For the convergence of numerical outcomes, the primitive formulation is used. The graphical and numerical findings are obtained through FORTRAN language and Tecplot-360 software. It was found that the velocity of fluid increases for lower values of reaction rate but decreases for higher reaction rate. It can be seen that the significant magnitude of oscillatory heat transfer increases as the Prandtl number increases. It is also examined that amplitude of shearing stress increases at each angle as the reduced gravity increases. The prominent amplitude in the oscillating in heat and mass transfer for minimum viscosity is noted along the inclined heated plate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In special relativity, the time dilation formula has been obtained by particles propagation in a straight line trajectory relative to an observer in motion. Up to now, there are no available formulas for other possible trajectories of particles. However, this paper obtains formulas of time dilation for several trajectories of particle such as parabolic, elliptic, and circular and finds a relatively accurate trajectory. The obtained formulas are employed in order to analyze the time dilation of the muon particles decay. In this paper, it is found that the time dilation of the parabolic and the elliptical trajectories exceed the corresponding results utilizing the standard Lorentz-Einstein time dilation formula. Consequently, if we are able to control the trajectory of unstable particles by some external forces, then their life-times might be increased. Probably, the increase in lifetime via a curved trajectory occurs at lower relative velocity & acceleration energy if compared to the straight line trajectory. In addition, the circular trajectory leads to multiple values of time dilation at certain velocities of an observer in motion, which may give an interpretation of fluctuations of time dilation in quantum mechanics. The result arises from the present relatively accurate formula of time dilation that is very close to the experimental data of muon decay (CERN experiment) when it is compared to the result obtained by the Lorentz-Einstein formula. Finally, it may be concluded that the time dilation not only depends on relative velocity and acceleration energy of particles but also on curved trajectories. The present work may attract other researchers to study different trajectories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this study, a novel method called the q-homotopy analysis transform method (q-HATM) is proposed for solving fractional-order Kolmogorov and Rosenau–Hyman models numerically. The proposed method is shown to have fast convergence and is demonstrated using test examples. The validity of the proposed method is confirmed through graphical representation of the obtained results, which also highlights the ability of the method to modify the solution's convergence zone. The q-HATM is an efficient scheme for solving nonlinear physical models with a series solution in a considerable admissible domain. The results indicate that the proposed approach is simple, effective, and applicable to a wide range of physical models. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Recycling plastic waste (RPW) benefits the ecological footprint. Therefore, the authors test its mixing by magnetic hydrodynamic MHD nanofluid materials such as alumina in two sizes ( β c o r e ,   β s k i n ) prepared into a new device called the incubator installed in the desktop injection machine to enhance its solubility by taking advantage of the mixture's heat via defining the oblique stagnation-point slip flow (OSPSF) of a nanofluid in two dimensions. The paper has been innovative in mathematically identifying the operating parameters' values for the injection flow mechanism (IFM) via controlling in Riga magnetic field and piston orifice pressure using a meta-heuristic algorithm called WSA. The proposed (IFM) is used to experimentally enhance the mixture properties via parameters' control to meet the output quality and predict the control equation for the Riga plate. IFM controls the amount of pushed nanoparticles in the mixture with a ratio of plastic to aluminum approximate by 96.1%: 3.9%. The defects were reduced by approximately 23.21%, with an increasing system performance of 70.98%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper considers the classes of the first-order fractional differential systems containing a finite number n of sinusoidal terms. The fractional derivative employs the Riemann–Liouville fractional definition. As a method of solution, the Laplace transform is an efficient tool to solve linear fractional differential equations. However, this method requires to express the initial conditions in certain fractional forms which have no physical meaning currently. This issue formulated a challenge to solve fractional systems under real/physical conditions when applying the Riemann–Liouville fractional definition. The principal incentive of this work is to overcome such difficulties via presenting a simple but effective approach. The proposed approach is successfully applied in this paper to solve linear fractional systems of an oscillatory nature. The exact solutions of the present fractional systems under physical initial conditions are derived in a straightforward manner. In addition, the obtained solutions are given in terms of the entire exponential and periodic functions with arguments of a fractional order. The symmetric/asymmetric behaviors/properties of the obtained solutions are illustrated. Moreover, the exact solutions of the classical/ordinary versions of the undertaken fractional systems are determined smoothly. In addition, the properties and the behaviors of the present solutions are discussed and interpreted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Scholars seek to recycle wasted energy to produce electricity by integrating thermoelectric generators (TEGs) with internal combustion engines (ICE), which rely on the electrical conductivity, β, of the thermal conductor strips. The TEG legs are alloyed from iron, aluminum and copper in a strip shape with specific characteristics that guarantee maximum thermo-electric transformation, which has fluctuated between a uniform, Gaussian, and exponential distribution according to the structure of the alloy. The ICE exhaust and intake gates were chosen as the TEG sides. The digital simulator twin model checks the integration efficiency through two sequential stages, beginning with recording the causes of thermal conductivity failure via filming and extracting their data by neural network procedures in the feed of the second stage, which reveal that the cracks are a major obstacle in reducing the TEG-generated power. Therefore, the interest of the second stage is predicting the cracks' positions, Pi,j, and their intensity, QP, based on the ant colony algorithm which recruits imaging data (STTF-NN-ACO) to install the thermal conductors far away from the cracks' positions. The proposed metaheuristic (STTF-NN-ACO) verification shows superiority in the prediction over [Mat-ACO] by 8.2% and boosts the TEGs' efficiency by 32.21%. Moreover, increasing the total generated power by 12.15% and working hours of TEG by 20.39%, reflects reduced fuel consumption by up to 19.63%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

An excellent e-commerce logistic cycle is based on reducing the delivery time to satisfy customers, accelerating the distribution chain activities at each delivery station, increasing the transported stowage objects for mobilization parallelograms containers to ingest most orders, and reducing the unused area. Because the stowage steps are considered an NP-complexity, the authors introduce the Oriented Stowage Map (OSM) using one of the heuristic methods (i.e., the camel algorithm) that are programmed by the C-sharp software to be easily managed via the Internet of Things (IoT), which is embedded in the distribution chain. The authors called it Oriented Stowage's Map by Camel algorithm "OSM-CA". This methodology is considered one of the mat-heuristic approaches (i.e., decomposition metaheuristics) because we resorted to using mathematical steps (branch-and-bound). The OSM-CA reduces transport costs by 7% and delivery time by 14%. Additionally, it shows superiority over the solo Ant-colony for stowage less than 50 boxes by 10% and over the solo camel algorithm by 27%, while for more than 50 boxes, the OSM-CA superiority by 30% over the ant colony, and 17% over the camel algorithm. Creating the map in the proposed way takes 70% less time than using mathematical models, especially for a large number of orders, more than 200. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The novelty of this study is to develop the oscillation, amplitude and periodical behavior of thermal and concentration boundary layers of transient Darcian nanofluid flow over stationary circular cylinder. For the improvement of cutting forces, lubrication and cooling in machining operations, workpiece cutting temperature and tool durability, the nanofluids have significant role with the effects of thermophoretic nanoparticles and rate of reactions. The aim of current work is to deduce the oscillations, amplitude, and frequency analysis of mass and heat transmission of Darcian nanoparticles motion around porous stretchable cylinder with thermal radiation and heat generation effects. For physical and thermo parameters, the governing mathematical equations are transformed into convenient equations. The smooth and similar programing algorithm is developed in FORTRAN language (Lahey‐95) by using primitive and oscillatory stokes transformations. The primitive steady and oscillating model is solved numerically by using Gaussian elimination and implicit finite difference techniques. The steady outcomes of velocity, temperature, and concentration distributions are plotted for various physical parameters within defined boundary values. The range of parameters such as 0.01≤ξ1≤2.0$0.01 \le {\xi }_1 \le 2.0$, 0.01≤ξ1≤3.0$0.01 \le {\xi }_1 \le 3.0$, 1.0≤Rd≤25.0$1.0 \le {R}_d \le 25.0$, 0.1≤Fr≤2.0$0.1 \le {F}_r \le 2.0$, 0.1≤NT≤1.0$0.1 \le {N}_T \le 1.0$, and 0.1≤γ≤1.5$0.1 \le \gamma \le 1.5$ is used. The steady results are again used to display the oscillatory skin friction, oscillating heating rate, and oscillating mass transport around α=π/3$\alpha = \pi /3$ and α=π$\alpha = \pi $ positions of stretching porous cylinder. The increasing amplitude of velocity and temperature slip distribution grows well as diffusion‐convection parameter and thermal radiation increases at both angles. The slip temperature and slip concentration grows significantly as convective parameter increases. The impact of thermophoresis and rate of reactions enhances the oscillations and amplitudes of mass and heat transmission around stretchable cylinder as porous effect decreases. It is very important in nanofluid lubrications, drilling, rotating, milling, and cutting tools machines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The goal of this investigation is to explore the influence of viscous dissipation and Brownian motion on Jeffrey nanofluid flow over an unsteady moving surface with thermophoresis and mixed convection. Zero mass flux is also addressed at the surface such that the nanoparticles fraction of maintains itself on huge obstruction. An aiding transformation is adopted to renovate the governing equations into a set of partial differential equations which is solved using a new fourth-order finite difference continuation method and various graphical outcomes are discussed in detail with several employed parameters. The spectacular influence of pertinent constraints on velocity and thermal curves are inspected through various plots. Computational data for the heat transfer rate and skin-friction coefficient are also reported graphically. Graphical outcomes indicate that an augmentation in buoyance ratio and thermophoretic parameter leads to diminish the velocity curves and increase the temperature curves. Furthermore, it is inspected that escalating Deborah number exhibits increasing in the skin friction and salient decreasing heat transmission. Increasing magnetic strength leads to a reduction in the skin friction and enhancement in the Nusselt number, whilst a reverse reaction is manifested with mixed convection aspects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The spotlight of this investigation is primarily the effectiveness of the magnetic field on the natural convective for a Fe3O4 ferrofluid flow over a vertical radiate plate using streamwise sinusoidal variation in surface temperature. The energy equation is reduplicated by interpolating the non-linear radiation effectiveness. The original equations describing the ferrofluid motion and energy are converted into non-dimensional equations and solved numerically using a new hybrid linearization-differential quadrature method (HLDQM). HLDQM is a high order semi-analytical numerical method that results in analytical solutions in η -direction, and so the solutions are valid overall in the η domain, not only at grid points. The dimensionless velocity and temperature curves are elaborated. Furthermore, the engineering curiosity of the drag coefficient and local Nusselt number are debated and sketched in view of various emerging parameters. The analyzed numerical results display that applying the magnetic field to the ferroliquid generates a dragging force that diminishes the ferrofluid velocity, whereas it is found to boost the temperature curves. Furthermore, the drag coefficient sufficiently minifies, while an evolution in the heat transfer rate occurs as nanoparticle volume fraction builds. Additionally, the augmentation in temperature ratio parameter signifies a considerable growth in the drag coefficient and Nusselt number. The current theoretical investigation may be beneficial in manufacturing processes, development of transport of energy, and heat resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current study deals with heat and mass transfer mechanisms in a non-Newtonian second-grade nanofluid model. The flow is induced by stretching the surface linearly and making it permeable and inclined at angle α=π/6. The fluid is saturated with a porous medium under transverse magnetic field and suction/injection effects. The proposed problem is in terms of partial differential equations, which are transformed into ordinary differential equations using the stream function formulation. The rigorous solver bvp4 has been used to solve the obtained differential equations. The results are presented in figures and tables and then discussed using physical justification. Graphs depict that the velocity of fluid increases and temperature distribution declines with the intensification of the second-grade fluid parameter at the considered angle of inclination of the stretching plate. It is observed that as the porous medium parameter is intensified, the velocity field declines rapidly. The temperature and concentration increase with increasing thermophoresis parameter. Increasing Brownian motion parameter results in augmentation in temperature and reduction in mass concentration. The current work’s results created with the use of this numerical method are compared with previously published results, which demonstrate great agreement between results, indicating accuracy and validation of the present results. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]