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The objective of this qualitative study was to explore music therapy students' learning experiences of participatory role-play in the context of the integrated music therapy master's program at the University of Bergen in Norway. Role-play is one type of experiential learning that initiates an interaction between students in a simulated scenario, thus producing concrete experiences as the basis for reflection. Empirical data were collected in two focus group interviews with 13 alumni who had attended role-play classes. We applied a thematic and interpretative hermeneutical strategy to data analysis. We identified five continua of learning experiences: (i) one's personality & becoming a professional, (ii) being spontaneous & being prepared, (iii) feedback from self-experience & from others, (iv) experiential learning & theoretical learning, (v) music therapy as a discipline & in interdisciplinary contexts. The continua highlight empathy, reflexivity, and person-centeredness as core learning assets for becoming a health-care practitioner.

This study examined whether musical and emotional attunement predicts changes in improvisational music therapy with children with autism (4-7 years, N = 101, majority: no/limited speech, low IQ), assessed over 12 months. Attunement, as observed from session videos, and changes in generalized social skills, judged by blinded assessors and parents, were evaluated using standardized tools (Assessment of the Quality of Relationship, Improvisational Music Therapy Principles, ADOS, SRS). In contrast to the smaller pilot, we did not find significant effects between attunement and changes in outcomes, only tendencies in the same direction are observed. Findings suggest that symptom severity is associated with the therapist's ability to attune to the child. They further raise questions concerning outcome selection and user involvement.

This study examined whether the therapeutic relationship in music therapy with children with Autism Spectrum Disorder predicts generalized changes in social skills. Participants (4-7 years, N = 48) were assessed at baseline, 5 and 12 months. The therapeutic relationship, as observed from session videos, and the generalized change in social skills, as judged by independent blinded assessors and parents, were evaluated using standardized tools (Assessment of the Quality of Relationship; ADOS; SRS). Linear mixed effect models showed significant interaction effects between the therapeutic relationship and several outcomes at 5 and 12 months. We found the music therapeutic relationship to be an important predictor of the development of social skills, as well as communication and language specifically.

In this paper, we introduce a new spatial model that incorporates heteroscedastic variance depending on neighbouring locations. The proposed process is considered as the spatial equivalent to the temporal autoregressive conditional heteroscedasticity (ARCH) model. We also show how the newly introduced spatial ARCH model can be used in spatiotemporal settings. In contrast to the temporal ARCH model, in which the distribution is known given the full information set for the prior periods, the distribution is not straightforward in the spatial and spatiotemporal setting. However, the model parameters can be estimated using the maximum-likelihood approach. Via Monte Carlo simulations, we demonstrate the performance of the estimator for a specific spatial weighting matrix. Moreover, we combine the known spatial autoregressive model with the spatial ARCH model assuming heteroscedastic errors. Eventually, the proposed autoregressive process is illustrated by an empirical example. Specifically, we model lung cancer mortality in 3108 U.S. counties and compare the newly introduced model with four benchmark approaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses a late Gothic stained glass medallion, which depicts boar-hunting scenes surrounding a coat of arms, in the collection of the Detroit Institute of Arts in Michigan. The author has identified the coat of arms as that of Johann Rinck II, who played an important role in Cologne, Germany, politics, trade, finance and real estate. The quatrefoil roundel came to the museum in 1936 and remained unpublished until 1986, when it was included in the exhibition "Gothic and Renaissance Art in Nuremberg: 1300-1550" at the Metropolitan Museum of Art in New York and the Germanisches Nationalmuseum in Nuremberg.