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Incivility, a growing challenge in higher education institutions, interferes with and disrupts the learning process. This study examined faculty members' experiences of students' incivilities in institutions of higher education in Afghanistan. A survey questionnaire was used to collect data from 289 faculty members who were teaching in various higher education institutions across Afghanistan. Descriptive and inferential statistics and thematic analysis were used to analyze the data. The findings showed that faculty members experienced varying degrees of a wide range of incivilities in and outside the classroom, including conversing loudly in the class, interruption, and harassment. They also experienced a variety of incivilities related to assessment and grading. A small number of them experienced more serious forms of incivilities including beating, stabbing, and death threats. The findings also revealed that there were not significant differences between participants' experiences of student incivility by their gender, but there were significant differences between faculty members' experience by their level of education and years of teaching experience. The study recommends faculty members and higher education institutions take practical measures to address incivilities inside and outside the classroom in order to create a safe learning environment for faculty members and students.

Medical simulations allow trainees to work within teams to develop their self-regulated learning (SRL) and socially-shared regulated learning (SSRL) skills (Bransen et al., 2022). Both skillsets help to better prepare medical trainees for the multifaceted challenges inherent in clinical practice. SRL skills are imperative in empowering learners to optimize their performance and become autonomous guiders of their own learning (Jarvela & Hadwin, 2013), while SSRL skills are needed to ensure that teams can work collectively to regulate their behaviors and to regulate their own learning to make decisions (Hadwin & Oshige, 2011). Questions remain about not only how medical trainees' behaviors, regulation strategies, and physiological responses vary while they participate in a high-fidelity medical simulation, but how additional data channels to measure human response can provide indicators of teams' regulation strategies. Using a mixed-methods convergence design incorporating multimodal data (Azevedo & Gaševic, 2019), including behavioral, SRL and SSRL codes, and electrodermal activity, researchers studied twenty-nine (N = 29) 1st to 3rd year medical residents as they engaged in high-fidelity simulation scenarios. Results suggest that the mean-level of psychophysiological activation increase as simulations progress, in conjunction with an increase in team-regulated learning strategies to manage the effective provision of patient care from initial contact through to the delivery of critical procedures. These results provide valuable insights into the advancement of a team regulation-based framework within a high-fidelity medical simulation environment, leveraging multimodal data to reach an understanding of medical trainees' adoption of team-based approaches to team-regulation during simulation scenarios.

The study aimed to develop and validate academic motivation measures among university students. The study adopted the correlational method. An available sample of university students selected from the Faculty of Education, Suez Canal University. The study sample consisted of 453 people. The scales responded online to the students after they accepted the informed consent and wrote their data online in the same submission file. The study investigated the factor structures of the Academic Motivation Scale (three-, four, five-, and seven-factor models). The seven-factor model, the four-factor model, and the five-factor model were the most appropriate. According to the convergent validity, it was positively associated with the motives of autonomy and measures of cognitive styles, However, the lack of motivation subscale was nonsignificant with the Cognitive Styles scale and the Self-motivation subscale. The study indicates the psychological validity of the academic motivation scale for university students.

To help students cope with the challenges of the COVID-19 pandemic, higher education institutions offered students flexible grading policies that blended traditional letter grades with alternative grading options such as the pass--fail or credit--no credit options. This study conducted an in-depth analysis of the flexible grading policy at a medium-sized university in the USA. We studied the differential selection of flexible grading options by course characteristics and students' sociodemographics and academic profiles between Spring 2020 and Spring 2021. We also examined the impacts of the policy on sequential courses. Our analysis utilized administrative and transcript data for undergraduate students at the study institution and employed a combination of descriptive statistics and regression models. The analysis revealed that the flexible grading policy was utilized differently depending on course characteristics, with core courses and subjects like mathematics, chemistry, and economics having higher rates of usage. Additionally, sociodemographic and academic profile factors led to varying degrees of utilization, with males, urban students, freshmen, and non-STEM majors using the policy more frequently. Furthermore, the analysis suggested that the policy may have disadvantaged some students as they struggled in subsequent courses after using the pass option. Several implications and directions for future research are discussed.

Since its publication in 2000, Zakes Mda's historical novel The Heart of Redness has often been interpreted as a postcolonial narrative that grapples with the brutality of the nineteenth-century British colonization of the Xhosa people. However, underneath the exterior of this postcolonial, epic text there are ecological concerns and feminist issues such as women's empowerment, gender equality, and sustainability. Such ecofeminist issues are equally if not more important. The present article, therefore, examines The Heart of Redness from the lens of ecofeminism. It explores the ecological concerns and feminist issues that sporadically permeate the text. Similarly, it raises the issue of modernization and progress at the cost of ecology and tradition. These topics are all set against an ancient saga from the past, which had violently bifurcated the amaXhosa people into two warring dichotomies: Believers and Unbelievers., INTRODUCTION Zakes Mda (1948-), a black South African playwright, poet, educator, painter, and author of the award-winning debut novel Ways of Dying (1995), is an important member of the post-apartheid [...]