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5. CFD modelling of an air cooling battery thermal management system.

Author

Bhatnagar, Priyan, Mittal, Gaurav, Bisht, Vaibhav, and Saxena, Akshat

Subjects
BATTERY management systems, REYNOLDS number, ELECTRIC vehicle industry, SCHOOL contests, COST effectiveness
Abstract

The Battery Thermal Management System (BTMS) is essential to the battery's performance, which is integral to the electric vehicle's overall performance in terms of its powertrain. Air cooled BTMS have been commonly used in the EV industry due to their compact structure, high dependability, and cost effectiveness. In this work, an air cooled thermal management systemfor Li-ion battery packing has been studied computationally for use in electric vehicles by using ANSYS Fluent. The configurationof battery pack consists of five cylindrical cells enclosed in a housing of rectangular cross section. Such a configuration is relevantfor simple electric vehicles and for the electric vehicles designed by students for competitions. The CFD simulations model heat generation in cells as volumetric heat generation, and the temperature field in the fluid as well as the interior of cells is solved. Thesimulations are conducted over a range of Reynolds Number (3500-17500), and the average cell temperature vs Reynolds Number is reported. Typically, the peak recommended temperature for efficient operation of lithium-ion battery is 40°C. In this work, temperature of 42 °C and 58 °C were realized, respectively, at the highest (17500) and lowest (3500) Reynolds Number investigated. Therefore, the results indicate that for the conditions investigated, a Reynolds Number of greater than 17500 is required for acceptable battery temperature. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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14. First-line PARP inhibitors (PARPi) with androgen receptor pathway inhibitors (ARPi) in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC): A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Author

Khan, Muhammad Ali, Naqvi, Syed Arsalan Ahmed, Imran, Manal, Channar, Aneeta, Saxena, Akshat, Raina, Ammad, Khakwani, Kaneez Zahra Rubab, Riaz, Zaryab Bin, Kase, Adam McLain, Humphreys, Mitchell R., Moore, Cassandra N., Orme, Jacob, Childs, Daniel S, Singh, Parminder, Bryce, Alan Haruo, Palmer, Jeanne M., and Riaz, Irbaz Bin

Published
2024
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39. An assessment of the accuracy of surgical time estimation by orthopaedic theatre staff.

Author

Butler, Stephen, Loseli, Tau, Graham, David, Watson, Anna, Kao, Mark, Saxena, Akshat, Sivakumar, Brahman, and Van der Rijt, Adrian

Subjects
ANALYSIS of variance, ORTHOPEDIC surgery, TREATMENT duration, TREATMENT effectiveness, MEDICAL care use, DESCRIPTIVE statistics, CHI-squared test, DATA analysis software, LONGITUDINAL method, EVALUATION
Abstract

Objective: Optimal utilisation of theatre time increases efficiency and reduces the cost of health care. The accuracy of surgical time estimation between different members of the theatre team has not been well documented, and may aid in more efficient utilisation of available theatre time. This study aims to identify the cohort of theatre staff with greatest accuracy in estimating orthopaedic surgical time. Methods: This study was conducted in a prospective fashion using consecutive orthopaedic trauma and elective operative lists over a period of 3 months. Prior to each operating list, a senior member of each of the anaesthetic, orthopaedic and scrub/scout nursing teams predicted the surgical duration for orthopaedic procedures after being provided with information regarding the individual cases. The absolute difference between estimated and actual surgical times was calculated. Results: When expressed as a percentage difference from true surgical time, the orthopaedic team provided the most accurate estimates, with a mean difference of 33.0%. This was followed by nursing staff (40.5%) and anaesthetics (50.9%). Similarly, a higher proportion of estimates by the orthopaedic team were within the limits of 20% underestimation and 10% overestimation (deemed clinically significant). Conclusions: Surgical times for orthopaedic trauma and elective cases are most accurately estimated by the operating team. These estimates should be implemented when planning theatre utilisation, and may benefit computer algorithms for theatre scheduling. What is known about the topic? The ability of surgeons, nurses and anaesthetists to accurately predict surgical times is often debated, with heated discussions if additional cases can fit onto a scheduled list. What does the paper add? Our paper demonstrated that despite all groups being inaccurate with timing predictions, orthopaedic surgeons were the most accurate. What are the implications for practitioners? With ever-growing pressure on health systems, it is paramount that available theatre resources are utilised with maximal efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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43. Evaluating Cardiac Surgery Outcomes in the Context of a High-Risk Patient Population and its Implications for the Training of Future Surgeons

Author

Saxena, Akshat

Subjects
training, cardiac surgery, meta-analysis, high risk, registry, Atrial fibrillation
Abstract

Our dissertation evaluated the outcomes of cardiac surgery in the context of an increasingly high-risk patient cohort. It demonstrated the utility of clinical registries and risk-assessment tools in optimizing outcomes of high-risk patients. These tools have allowed comparative analyses to be performed which have demonstrated the safety and efficacy of novel surgical techniques in high-risk patients. Our dissertation also established the increased risk of early and mid-term mortality associated with AF across a spectrum of cardiac surgery procedures. There are two major implications of this finding. Firstly, AF warrants consideration as an independent risk factor in future risk stratification tools. Secondly, surgeons should consider treating AF at the time of cardiac surgery with a concomitant AF surgery procedure. The safety and efficacy of this procedure has been demonstrated in many studies but it is currently underutilized. Finally, we demonstrated the safety and efficacy of cardiac surgery performed by trainee surgeons. This is a relevant finding in the contemporary era where surgeons may be reluctant to provide training opportunities to junior surgeons because of the increased scrutiny on outcomes and the perception of increased risk. Our data demonstrated that properly supervised trainees achieve equivalent outcomes to their consultant peers. Nevertheless, given the gradual shift of cardiac surgery into a specialty which incorporates more minimally invasive procedures and percutaneous interventions, there is an urgent need to train surgeons in these approaches. Moreover, the training deficit in AF surgery needs to be rectified. These actions will ensure that the future generation of cardiac surgeons is trained to deal with the increasingly high-risk patient cohort that they will encounter.

Published
2021

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