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To determine the effectivity of corn silk extract in inhibiting the growth of C. albicans.

Cultivators who manage catfish farming businesses must consider the possibility of low production yields caused by both external and internal variables. The risks that catfish farmers confront may be to blame for the low output. The aims of this study were to determine the source of production risk and the level of risk correlated with catfish production. The method of determining the area of study is carried out intentionally (purposively). This research method is a descriptive and analytical method. The snowball sampling approach was used with a sample of 40 respondents. The data used is a combination of sources both primary and secondary. The analysis used includes variance, standard deviation, coefficient of variation, and risk level based on the risk map. Pests and diseases, weather and climate, the quality of catfish seeds, water quality, cannibalism, and human resources or cultivators who carried out the catfish cultivation process are all factors of production risk in Kediri Regency. The level of risk of catfish production is high, based on the variance value of 21.03, standard deviation of 4.59, and coefficient of variation of 1.61, while the production risk map reveals that the production risk faced by farmers is in the yellow zone, therefore it is included in the high-risk category.

Background:. The obesity pandemic in Saudi Arabia has led to a high demand for bariatric surgery (BS). Post-BS patients experience rapid and massive weight loss, with most patients experiencing redundant skin, leading to a desire for body contouring surgery (BCS). Methods:. A cross-sectional study was conducted from September 2022 to May 2023 among patients who underwent BS in Saudi Arabia, using an online self-administered questionnaire. The questionnaire comprised sociodemographic data, weight, and BS-related questions, and the post-BS appearance questionnaire assessed the desire for BCS, excess skin satisfaction, and overall appearance. Results:. A total of 410 of the patients electively enrolled. The mean perceived satisfaction of post-BS patients with the body’s excess skin was rated as 4.28 ± 1.69 out of 7 points. The overall desire for BCS among the post-BS population was equal to a collective mean desire of 2.10 ± 0.92 out of 4 points. The desired body sites for BCS were focused on the abdomen/waist, followed by the lower back, then upper arms, buttocks, and thighs. Only 25.1% of the patients fulfilled their desires and recently underwent BCS. Conclusions:. The study highlights the importance of incorporating plastic and reconstructive surgery as an integral part of the multidisciplinary approach to morbidly obese patients after BS and the need for national guidelines on the referral pathway for post-BS BCS.

Many actors report, anecdotally, a phenomenon known as a 'showmance,' whereby actors develop romantic and/or sexual feelings for acting partners, often in the process of portraying romance onstage together. Because [...]

Abstract Background There is a paucity of studies reporting the presence of systemic symptoms and micronutrient deficiency in patients with chronic urticaria, and these data are lacking in a Canadian population. Objective To report the prevalence of gastrointestinal symptoms and vitamin B12 (cobalamin) deficiency in a Canadian patient population diagnosed with chronic urticaria. Methods A retrospective chart review of 100 adult patients with chronic urticaria was conducted. Demographic characteristics, medications, presence of gastrointestinal symptoms, and laboratory findings were abstracted from electronic medical records. Results Seventy percent of patients with chronic urticaria reported experiencing gastrointestinal symptoms. The most common symptom identified was gastroesophageal reflux (42%). Vitamin B12 (cobalamin) deficiency, defined as serum vitamin B12 level ≤ 250 pmol/L, was identified in 31.7% of the patients. Among those patients with urticaria and vitamin B12, 68% reported gastrointestinal symptoms. Conclusions This is the first study to provide data on the high prevalence of gastrointestinal symptoms and vitamin B12 (cobalamin) deficiency in a Canadian population diagnosed with chronic urticaria. Early recognition and management of systemic symptoms and micronutrient deficiency may lead to a more comprehensive approach to management of these patients. Trial registration Not applicable

Irawati Irfani,1,2 Tri Wahyu,1 Primawita Oktarima,1,2 Sesy Caesarya,1,2 Maya Sari,1,2 Feti Karfiati1,2 1Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, West Java, Indonesia; 2Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus Division, Cicendo National Eye Hospital, Bandung, West Java, IndonesiaCorrespondence: Irawati Irfani, Email irawati.irfani@unpad.ac.idPurpose: Determining IOL power is an important step in achieving the desired postoperative refractive target, but this determination remains challenging, as currently the used formulas were developed using IOL power calculations derived from adults.Patients and Methods: This is a retrospective analytical study with the period of June 2018 to May 2019. All of the data were taken from medical records in referral tertiary eye hospital in Indonesia. All type of cataracts underwent uncomplicated surgeries and in-the-bag IOL implantation were included in this study, while aphakia, secondary IOL implantation, primary sulcus implantation, and history of ocular disorders were excluded. The data were analyzed using Wilcoxon sign-rank, paired t, and Kruskal–Wallis tests.Results: Sixty-seven patients (106 eyes) were found to meet the inclusion criteria, average age was 7.35 ± 4.61 years (1.00 to 17.00 years). Average targeted refraction was 1.69 ± 2.06 D (− 0.38–+6.99 D), and spherical equivalent (actual postoperative refraction) was − 0.90 ± 1.45 D (− 4.38 to +2.75 D). There was statistically significant difference between preoperative targeted refraction and actual postoperative refraction (p < 0.001). Mean absolute prediction error (APE) in general was 1.34 ± 1.18 D, 1.22 ± 0.88 D (in short eyes), 1.52 ± 1.37 D (in moderate eyes), and 0.69 ± 0.52 D (in long eyes) (p = 0.202). Mean APE in age group < 7 years old was 1.27 ± 1.18 D and ≥ 7 years-old was 1.42 ± 1.19 D (p = 0.429).Conclusion: SRK/T formula is fairly accurate in calculating IOL power in pediatric cataract surgery. Mean APE in this study was within the range of accurate mean APE in pediatric patients despite differentiated axial length and age.Keywords: absolute prediction error, SRK/T formula, pediatric cataract

This study aims to estimate the impact of financial and social capital on capture fisheries activity. This study was conducted in Malang Regency, East Java of Indonesia. The data was collected from 100 fishermen using face to face interview and structured questionnaire. Furthermore, the data was analysis by data Envelopment analysis (DEA) to estimate the technical efficiency of fishermen, and tobit regression to estimate the effect of financial and social capital on the technical efficiency level. The DEA indicated that fishermen's technical efficiency remain low, the average value is about 0.652. In addition, the Tobit regression show fishermen's ethnic, and infestation was positively and significantly affected the fishermen technical efficiency level.

In dry season, the income level of fishermen is very minimal and they often do not get any catches at all. In periods of low income, fishermen's wives and children usually have to fight hard to earn money by doing all the work that brings income. The purpose of this research is to analyze Household Economic Model of Fishermen Terasak at Madura Strait. Samples were taken comprised of two groups, namely fishhook skipper and gillnet fishermen. Several samples were taken from each group. Respondents were determined by "purposive sampling" method. Researchers took 31 families of small-scale terasak fisherman at Madura Strait. Data analysis used qualitative and quantitative descriptive (regression analysis). Whereas qualitative descriptive analysis was used to analyze and compare factors that are affecting fishermen family economy. Research results showed Household Economic Model of Madura Strait Terasak Fishermen that the production value or fishing income of Madura Strait fishermen is strongly influenced by Production Assets, Fuel, Working time and Education Level. The working time fishermen's family’s level is influenced by production assets, the number of fisherman members and non-fisheries working time. The level of non-fisheries income is strongly influenced by non-fishing business assets, non-fisheres working time, number of family members. The level of expenditure of Madura Strait fishermen is influenced by fishing income, non-fisheries income, number of family members and education of fishermen's wives. Spending levels for Madura Strait fishermen were affected by fishing income, non-fishing income, family size, and the fisherman's wife's education. Variables in fishing working time and education are not significant relate to fishing production. The non-fisheries working time variable is not significant to non-fisheries income. Variables in the production assets, number of fishermen's families, and non-fisheries working time are not significant to the fishing working time The variables of total household income, number of family members, and education of fishermen's wives are not significant to the total of staple consumption.

Background:. Velopharyngeal insufficiency (VPI) is a condition characterized by failure of the posterior part of the soft palate to reach the pharyngeal wall and separate the nasopharynx from the oropharynx during speech and swallowing. VPI may persist following cleft palate repair. This study aimed to determine the outcomes of the superiorly based pharyngeal flap to treat VPI post cleft palate repair. Methods:. A retrospective cohort study included patients with VPI post cleft palate repair who underwent secondary speech surgery. The criteria were based on clinical symptoms, physical examination, nasometry, and videofluoroscopy/nasoendoscopy findings. Data were analyzed by using SPSS program, version 22.0. A P value less than 0.05 was considered significant. Results:. Thirty-five patients were identified. VPI was reduced to 14.3% postoperatively. Before the surgery 25.7% of the patients had severe hypernasality, 68.6% had moderate hypernasality, and 5.7% had mild hypernasality. After the surgery, only 8.6% of the patients still had severe hypernasality, 22.9% had moderate hypernasality, 57.1% had mild hypernasality, and hypernasality became absent in 11.4%. Articulation disorders were present in 91.4% of patients before surgery, and decreased to 71.4% postoperatively. Speech intelligibility improved postoperatively in comparison with preoperative findings. Conclusion:. The present study concluded that the superiorly based pharyngeal flap was successful in treating VPI that persisted post cleft palate repair.

This study aimed to examine and analyze the effect of the Village Financial System, the Capacity of the village apparatus, and the internal control system has a significant positive effect on village financial reports inflation characteristics. In addition, it was also meant to test and analyze the influence of the internal control system as a moderating relationship between the Village Financial System and the Capacity of the village apparatus and characteristics of village financial reports. The samples of forty-four respondents. This study indicated that the Village Financial System, the Capacity of the village apparatus and internal control system, has a significant positive effect on village financial reports' inflation characteristics. At the same time, the internal control system shows no influence, unable to moderate the relationship between the Village Financial System and the Capacity of the village apparatus and the characteristic.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the time course of vocal development in infants and toddlers with bilateral cochlear implants (CIs; bilateral CI group) who are acquiring Finnish and to compare their progress to that of infants with normal hearing and typical development (TD group). Method: Five thousand nine hundred sixty-four spontaneous utterances of 30 infants and toddlers (15 in both groups) were classified as either precanonical (PC) vocalizations, basic canonical syllables (BCS), or advanced forms (AF) levels. Time course of development and group differences were analyzed in a prospective longitudinal study during a time course of 1 year: before implantation and 1, 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after CI activation for the bilateral CI group and at 6, 9, and 12 months of age for the TD group. Results: The least mature PC vocalizations decreased and the BCS and AF vocalizations increased for both the bilateral CI and TD groups during the follow-up period of 1 year. The bilateral CI group produced a lower percentage of PC vocalizations (effect size, [eta]p[superscript 2] = 0.35) and a higher percentage of BCS (effect size, [eta]p[superscript 2] = 0.16) and AF vocalizations (effect size, [eta]p[superscript 2] = 0.24) than the TD group. Conclusions: The findings of this study showed that vocal development of infants and toddlers with early-identified profound hearing loss is delayed before CI activation. Findings also showed that infants and toddlers with bilateral CIs make rapid advancements in vocal development after implantation compared to infants with typical development. However, their vocal development seems to remain delayed at least during the 1st year of bilateral CI use as compared to the well-documented milestones of infants and toddlers with typical development. Information about the vocal development time course following bilateral CI activation helps parents recognize progress in auditory-guided speech development before the emergence and the use of spoken words in communication.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the time course of vocal development in infants and toddlers with bilateral cochlear implants (CIs; bilateral CI group) who are acquiring Finnish and to compare their progress to that of infants with normal hearing and typical development (TD group). Method: Five thousand nine hundred sixty-four spontaneous utterances of 30 infants and toddlers (15 in both groups) were classified as either precanonical (PC) vocalizations, basic canonical syllables (BCS), or advanced forms (AF) levels. Time course of development and group differences were analyzed in a prospective longitudinal study during a time course of 1 year: before implantation and 1,3,6, 9, and 12 months after CI activation for the bilateral CI group and at 6, 9, and 12 months of age for the TD group. Results: The least mature PC vocalizations decreased and the BCS and AF vocalizations increased for both the bilateral CI and TD groups during the follow-up period of 1 year. The bilateral CI group produced a lower percentage of PC vocalizations (effect size,[[eta].sub.p.sup.2] = .35) and a higher percentage of BCS (effect size,[[eta].sub.p.sup.2] = .16) and AF vocalizations (effect size,[[eta].sub.p.sup.2] = 0.24) than the TD group. Conclusions: The findings of this study showed that vocal development of infants and toddlers with early-identified profound hearing loss is delayed before CI activation. Findings also showed that infants and toddlers with bilateral CIs make rapid advancements in vocal development after implantation compared to infants with typical development. However, their vocal development seems to remain delayed at least during the 1st year of bilateral CI use as compared to the well-documented milestones of infants and toddlers with typical development. Information about the vocal development time course following bilateral CI activation helps parents recognize progress in auditory-guided speech development before the emergence and the use of spoken words in communication., Prelinguistic vocal development is the gradual acquisition of mature speech patterns during the first 2 years of life characterized by the emergence of various kinds of vocalization types and overlapping [...]