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1. The global burden of tuberculosis: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015

Author: Kyu, Hmwe H, Maddison, Emilie R, Henry, Nathaniel J, Mumford, John Everett, Barber, Ryan, Shields, Chloe, Brown, Jonathan C, Nguyen, Grant, Carter, Austin, Wolock, Timothy M, Wang, Haidong, Liu, Patrick Y, Reitsma, Marissa, Ross, Jennifer M, Abajobir, Amanuel Alemu, Abate, Kalkidan Hassen, Abbas, Kaja, Abera, Mubarek, Abera, Semaw Ferede, Abera Hareri, Habtamu, Ahmed, Muktar, Alene, Kefyalew Addis, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Amo-Adjei, Joshua, Andrews, Jason, Ansari, Hossein, Antonio, Carl Abelardo, Anwari, Palwasha, Asayesh, Hamid, Atey, Tesfay Mehari, Atre, Sachin, Barac, Aleksandra, Beardsley, Justin, Bedi, Neeraj, Bensenor, Isabela, Beyene, Addisu Shunu, Butt, Zahid Ahmad, Cardona, Pere-Joan, Christopher, Devasahayam, Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, Deribe, Kebede, Deribew, Amare, Ehrenkranz, Rebecca, El Sayed Zaki, Maysaa, Endries, Aman, Feyissa, Tesfaye R, Fischer, Florian, Gai, Ruoyan, Garcia-Basteiro, Alberto L, Gebrehiwot, Tsegaye Tewelde, Gesesew, Hailay, Getahun, Belete, Gona, Philimon, Goodridge, Amador, Gugnani, Harish, Haghparast-Bidgoli, Hassan, Hailu, Gessessew Bugssa, Hassen, Hamid Yimam, Hilawe, Esayas, Horita, Nobuyuki, Jacobsen, Kathryn H, Jonas, Jost B, Kasaeian, Amir, Kedir, Muktar Sano, Kemmer, Laura, Khader, Yousef, Khan, Ejaz, Khang, Young-Ho, Khoja, Abdullah T, Kim, Yun Jin, Koul, Parvaiz, Koyanagi, Ai, Krohn, Kristopher J, Kumar, G Anil, Kutz, Michael, Lodha, Rakesh, Magdy And El Razek, Hassan, Majdzadeh, Reza, Manyazewal, Tsegahun, Memish, Ziad, Mendoza, Walter, Mezgebe, Haftay Berhane, Mohammed, Shafiu, Ogbo, Felix Akpojene, Oh, In-Hwan, Oren, Eyal, Osgood-Zimmerman, Aaron, Pereira, David, Plass, Dietrich, Pourmalek, Farshad, Qorbani, Mostafa, Rafay, Anwar, Rahman, Mahfuzar, Rai, Rajesh Kumar, Rao, Puja C, Ray, Sarah E, Reiner, Robert, Reinig, Nickolas, Safiri, Saeid, Salomon, Joshua A, Sandar, Logan, Sartorius, Benn, Shamsizadeh, Morteza, Shey, Muki, Shifti, Desalegn Markos, Shore, Hirbo, Singh, Jasvinder, Sreeramareddy, Chandrashekhar T, Swaminathan, Soumya, Swartz, Scott J, Tadese, Fentaw, Tedla, Bemnet Amare, Tegegne, Balewgizie Sileshi, Tessema, Belay, Topor-Madry, Roman, Ukwaja, Kingsley Nnanna, Uthman, Olalekan A., Vlassov, Vasiliy, Vollset, Stein Emil, Wakayo, Tolassa, Weldegebreal, Solomon, Westerman, Ronny, Workicho, Abdulhalik, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Yoon, Seok-Jun, Yotebieng, Marcel, Naghavi, Mohsen, Hay, Simon I, Vos, Theo, and Murray, Christopher JL
Published: 2018
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2. Healthcare Access and Quality Index based on mortality from causes amenable to personal health care in 195 countries and territories, 1990–2015: a novel analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015

Author: Barber, Ryan M, Fullman, Nancy, Sorensen, Reed J D, Bollyky, Thomas, McKee, Martin, Nolte, Ellen, Abajobir, Amanuel Alemu, Abate, Kalkidan Hassen, Abbafati, Cristiana, Abbas, Kaja M, Abd-Allah, Foad, Abdulle, Abdishakur M, Abdurahman, Ahmed Abdulahi, Abera, Semaw Ferede, Abraham, Biju, Abreha, Girmatsion Fisseha, Adane, Kelemework, Adelekan, Ademola Lukman, Adetifa, Ifedayo Morayo O, Afshin, Ashkan, Agarwal, Arnav, Agarwal, Sanjay Kumar, Agarwal, Sunilkumar, Agrawal, Anurag, Kiadaliri, Aliasghar Ahmad, Ahmadi, Alireza, Ahmed, Kedir Yimam, Ahmed, Muktar Beshir, Akinyemi, Rufus Olusola, Akinyemiju, Tomi F, Akseer, Nadia, Al-Aly, Ziyad, Alam, Khurshid, Alam, Noore, Alam, Sayed Saidul, Alemu, Zewdie Aderaw, Alene, Kefyalew Addis, Alexander, Lily, Ali, Raghib, Ali, Syed Danish, Alizadeh-Navaei, Reza, Alkerwi, Ala'a, Alla, François, Allebeck, Peter, Allen, Christine, Al-Raddadi, Rajaa, Alsharif, Ubai, Altirkawi, Khalid A, Martin, Elena Alvarez, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Amare, Azmeraw T, Amini, Erfan, Ammar, Walid, Amo-Adjei, Joshu, Amoako, Yaw Ampem, Anderson, Benjamin O, Androudi, Sofia, Ansari, Hossein, Ansha, Mustafa Geleto, Antonio, Carl Abelardo T, Ärnlöv, Johan, Artaman, Al, Asayesh, Hamid, Assadi, Reza, Astatkie, Ayalew, Atey, Tesfay Mehari, Atique, Suleman, Atnafu, Niguse Tadele, Atre, Sachin R, Avila-Burgos, Leticia, Avokpaho, Euripide Frinel G Arthur, Quintanilla, Beatriz Paulina Ayala, Awasthi, Ashish, Ayele, Nebiyu Negussu, Azzopardi, Peter, Saleem, Huda Omer Ba, Bärnighausen, Till, Bacha, Umar, Badawi, Alaa, Banerjee, Amitava, Barac, Aleksandra, Barboza, Miguel A, Barker-Collo, Suzanne L, Barrero, Lope H, Basu, Sanjay, Baune, Bernhard T, Baye, Kaleab, Bayou, Yibeltal Tebekaw, Bazargan-Hejazi, Shahrzad, Bedi, Neeraj, Beghi, Ettore, Béjot, Yannick, Bello, Aminu K, Bennett, Derrick A, Bensenor, Isabela M, Berhane, Adugnaw, Bernabé, Eduardo, Bernal, Oscar Alberto, Beyene, Addisu Shunu, Beyene, Tariku Jibat, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A, Biadgilign, Sibhatu, Bikbov, Boris, Birlik, Sait Mentes, Birungi, Charles, Biryukov, Stan, Bisanzio, Donal, Bizuayehu, Habtamu Mellie, Bose, Dipan, Brainin, Michael, Brauer, Michael, Brazinova, Alexandra, Breitborde, Nicholas J K, Brenner, Hermann, Butt, Zahid A, Cárdenas, Rosario, Cahuana-Hurtado, Lucero, Campos-Nonato, Ismael Ricardo, Car, Josip, Carrero, Juan Jesus, Casey, Daniel, Caso, Valeria, Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos A, Rivas, Jacqueline Castillo, Catalá-López, Ferrán, Cecilio, Pedro, Cercy, Kelly, Charlson, Fiona J, Chen, Alan Z, Chew, Adrienne, Chibalabala, Mirriam, Chibueze, Chioma Ezinne, Chisumpa, Vesper Hichilombwe, Chitheer, Abdulaal A, Chowdhury, Rajiv, Christensen, Hanne, Christopher, Devasahayam Jesudas, Ciobanu, Liliana G, Cirillo, Massimo, Coggeshall, Megan S, Cooper, Leslie Trumbull, Cortinovis, Monica, Crump, John A, Dalal, Koustuv, Danawi, Hadi, Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, Dargan, Paul I, das Neves, Jose, Davey, Gail, Davitoiu, Dragos V, Davletov, Kairat, De Leo, Diego, Del Gobbo, Liana C, del Pozo-Cruz, Borja, Dellavalle, Robert P, Deribe, Kebede, Deribew, Amare, Des Jarlais, Don C, Dey, Subhojit, Dharmaratne, Samath D, Dicker, Daniel, Ding, Eric L, Dokova, Klara, Dorsey, E Ray, Doyle, Kerrie E, Dubey, Manisha, Ehrenkranz, Rebecca, Ellingsen, Christian Lycke, Elyazar, Iqbal, Enayati, Ahmadali, Ermakov, Sergey Petrovich, Eshrati, Babak, Esteghamati, Alireza, Estep, Kara, Fürst, Thomas, Faghmous, Imad D A, Fanuel, Fanuel Belayneh Bekele, Faraon, Emerito Jose Aquino, Farid, Talha A, Farinha, Carla Sofia e Sa, Faro, Andre, Farvid, Maryam S, Farzadfar, Farshad, Feigin, Valery L, Feigl, Andrea B, Fereshtehnejad, Seyed-Mohammad, Fernandes, Jefferson G, Fernandes, João C, Feyissa, Tesfaye Regassa, Fischer, Florian, Fitzmaurice, Christina, Fleming, Thomas D, Foigt, Nataliya, Foreman, Kyle J, Forouzanfar, Mohammad H, Franklin, Richard C, Frostad, Joseph, G/hiwot, Tsegaye Tewelde, Gakidou, Emmanuela, Gambashidze, Ketevan, Gamkrelidze, Amiran, Gao, Wayne, Garcia-Basteiro, Alberto L, Gebre, Teshome, Gebremedhin, Amanuel Tesfay, Gebremichael, Mengistu Welday, Gebru, Alemseged Aregay, Gelaye, Amha Admasie, Geleijnse, Johanna M, Genova-Maleras, Ricard, Gibney, Katherine B, Giref, Ababi Zergaw, Gishu, Melkamu Dedefo, Giussani, Giorgia, Godwin, William W, Gold, Audra, Goldberg, Ellen M, Gona, Philimon N, Goodridge, Amador, Gopalani, Sameer Vali, Goto, Atsushi, Graetz, Nicholas, Greaves, Felix, Griswold, Max, Guban, Peter Imre, Gugnani, Harish Chander, Gupta, Prakash C, Gupta, Rahul, Gupta, Rajeev, Gupta, Tanush, Gupta, Vipin, Habtewold, Tesfa Dejenie, Hafezi-Nejad, Nima, Haile, Demewoz, Hailu, Alemayehu Desalegne, Hailu, Gessessew Bugssa, Hakuzimana, Alex, Hamadeh, Randah Ribhi, Hambisa, Mitiku Teshome, Hamidi, Samer, Hammami, Mouhanad, Hankey, Graeme J, Hao, Yuantao, Harb, Hilda L, Hareri, Habtamu Abera, Haro, Josep Maria, Hassanvand, Mohammad Sadegh, Havmoeller, Rasmus, Hay, Roderick J, Hay, Simon I, Hendrie, Delia, Heredia-Pi, Ileana Beatriz, Hoek, Hans W, Horino, Masako, Horita, Nobuyuki, Hosgood, H Dean, Htet, Aung Soe, Hu, Guoqing, Huang, Hsiang, Huang, John J, Huntley, Bethany M, Huynh, Chantal, Iburg, Kim Moesgaard, Ileanu, Bogdan Vasile, Innos, Kaire, Irenso, Asnake Ararsa, Jahanmehr, Nader, Jakovljevic, Mihajlo B, James, Peter, James, Spencer Lewis, Javanbakht, Mehdi, Jayaraman, Sudha P, Jayatilleke, Achala Upendra, Jeemon, Panniyammakal, Jha, Vivekanand, John, Denny, Johnson, Catherine, Johnson, Sarah C, Jonas, Jost B, Juel, Knud, Kabir, Zubair, Kalkonde, Yogeshwar, Kamal, Ritul, Kan, Haidong, Karch, Andre, Karema, Corine Kakizi, Karimi, Seyed M, Kasaeian, Amir, Kassebaum, Nicholas J, Kastor, Anshul, Katikireddi, Srinivasa Vittal, Kazanjan, Konstantin, Keiyoro, Peter Njenga, Kemmer, Laura, Kemp, Andrew Haddon, Kengne, Andre Pascal, Kerbo, Amene Abebe, Kereselidze, Maia, Kesavachandran, Chandrasekharan Nair, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Khalil, Ibrahim, Khan, Abdur Rahman, Khan, Ejaz Ahmad, Khan, Gulfaraz, Khang, Young-Ho, Khoja, Abdullah Tawfih Abdullah, Khonelidze, Irma, Khubchandani, Jagdish, Kibret, Getiye Dejenu, Kim, Daniel, Kim, Pauline, Kim, Yun Jin, Kimokoti, Ruth W, Kinfu, Yohannes, Kissoon, Niranjan, Kivipelto, Miia, Kokubo, Yoshihiro, Kolk, Anneli, Kolte, Dhaval, Kopec, Jacek A, Kosen, Soewarta, Koul, Parvaiz A, Koyanagi, Ai, Kravchenko, Michael, Krishnaswami, Sanjay, Krohn, Kristopher J, Defo, Barthelemy Kuate, Bicer, Burcu Kucuk, Kuipers, Ernst J, Kulkarni, Veena S, Kumar, G Anil, Kumsa, Fekede Asefa, Kutz, Michael, Kyu, Hmwe H, Lager, Anton Carl Jonas, Lal, Aparna, Lal, Dharmesh Kumar, Lalloo, Ratilal, Lallukka, Tea, Lan, Qing, Langan, Sinead M, Lansingh, Van C, Larson, Heidi J, Larsson, Anders, Laryea, Dennis Odai, Latif, Asma Abdul, Lawrynowicz, Alicia Elena Beatriz, Leasher, Janet L, Leigh, James, Leinsalu, Mall, Leshargie, Cheru Tesema, Leung, Janni, Leung, Ricky, Levi, Miriam, Liang, Xiaofeng, Lim, Stephen S, Lind, Margaret, Linn, Shai, Lipshultz, Steven E, Liu, Patrick, Liu, Yang, Lo, Loon-Tzian, Logroscino, Giancarlo, Lopez, Alan D, Lorch, Scott A, Lotufo, Paulo A, Lozano, Rafael, Lunevicius, Raimundas, Lyons, Ronan A, Macarayan, Erlyn Rachelle King, Mackay, Mark T, El Razek, Hassan Magdy Abd, El Razek, Mohammed Magdy Abd, Mahdavi, Mahdi, Majeed, Azeem, Malekzadeh, Reza, Malta, Deborah Carvalho, Mantovani, Lorenzo G, Manyazewal, Tsegahun, Mapoma, Chabila C, Marcenes, Wagner, Marks, Guy B, Marquez, Neal, Martinez-Raga, Jose, Marzan, Melvin Barrientos, Massano, João, Mathur, Manu Raj, Maulik, Pallab K, Mazidi, Mohsen, McAlinden, Colm, McGrath, John J, McNellan, Claire, Meaney, Peter A, Mehari, Alem, Mehndiratta, Man Mohan, Meier, Toni, Mekonnen, Alemayehu B, Meles, Kidanu Gebremariam, Memish, Ziad A, Mengesha, Melkamu Merid, Mengiste, Desalegn Tadese, Mengistie, Mubarek Abera, Menota, Bereket Gebremichael, Mensah, George A, Mereta, Seid Tiku, Meretoja, Atte, Meretoja, Tuomo J, Mezgebe, Haftay Berhane, Micha, Renata, Millear, Anoushka, Mills, Edward J, Minnig, Shawn, Mirarefin, Mojde, Mirrakhimov, Erkin M, Mock, Charles N, Mohammad, Karzan Abdulmuhsin, Mohammed, Shafiu, Mohanty, Sanjay K, Mokdad, Ali H, Mola, Glen Liddell D, Molokhia, Mariam, Monasta, Lorenzo, Montico, Marcella, Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar, Moraga, Paula, Morawska, Lidia, Mori, Rintaro, Moses, Mark, Mueller, Ulrich O, Murthy, Srinivas, Musa, Kamarul Imran, Nachega, Jean B, Nagata, Chie, Nagel, Gabriele, Naghavi, Mohsen, Naheed, Aliya, Naldi, Luigi, Nangia, Vinay, Nascimento, Bruno Ramos, Negoi, Ionut, Neupane, Sudan Prasad, Newton, Charles R, Ng, Marie, Ngalesoni, Frida Namnyak, Ngunjiri, Josephine Wanjiku, Nguyen, Grant, Ningrum, Dina Nur Anggraini, Nolte, Sandra, Nomura, Marika, Norheim, Ole F, Norrving, Bo, Noubiap, Jean Jacques N, Obermeyer, Carla Makhlouf, Ogbo, Felix Akpojene, Oh, In-Hwan, Okoro, Anselm, Oladimeji, Olanrewaju, Olagunju, Andrew Toyin, Olivares, Pedro R, Olsen, Helen E, Olusanya, Bolajoko Olubukunola, Olusanya, Jacob Olusegun, Opio, John Nelson, Oren, Eyal, Ortiz, Alberto, Osborne, Richard H, Osman, Majdi, Owolabi, Mayowa O, PA, Mahesh, Pain, Amanda W, Pakhale, Smita, Castillo, Elizabeth Palomares, Pana, Adrian, Papachristou, Christina, Parsaeian, Mahboubeh, Patel, Tejas, Patton, George C, Paudel, Deepak, Paul, Vinod K, Pearce, Neil, Pereira, David M, Perez-Padilla, Rogelio, Perez-Ruiz, Fernando, Perico, Norberto, Pesudovs, Konrad, Petzold, Max, Phillips, Michael Robert, Pigott, David M, Pillay, Julian David, Pinho, Christine, Polinder, Suzanne, Pond, Constance D, Prakash, V, Purwar, Manorama, Qorbani, Mostafa, Quistberg, D Alex, Radfar, Amir, Rafay, Anwar, Rahimi, Kazem, Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa, Rahman, Mahfuzar, Rahman, Mohammad Hifz Ur, Rai, Rajesh Kumar, Ram, Usha, Rana, Saleem M, Rankin, Zane, Rao, Paturi Vishnupriya, Rao, Puja C, Rawaf, Salman, Rego, Maria Albertina Santiago, Reitsma, Marissa, Remuzzi, Giuseppe, Renzaho, Andre M N N, Resnikoff, Serge, Rezaei, Satar, Rezai, Mohammad Sadegh, Ribeiro, Antonio L, Roba, Hirbo Shore, Rokni, Mohammad Bagher, Ronfani, Luca, Roshandel, Gholamreza, Roth, Gregory A, Rothenbacher, Dietrich, Roy, Nawal K, Sachdev, Perminder S, Sackey, Ben Benasco, Saeedi, Mohammad Yahya, Safiri, Saeid, Sagar, Rajesh, Sahraian, Mohammad Ali, Saleh, Muhammad Muhammad, Salomon, Joshua A, Samy, Abdallah M, Sanabria, Juan Ramon, Sanchez-Niño, Maria Dolores, Sandar, Logan, Santos, Itamar S, Santos, João Vasco, Milicevic, Milena M Santric, Sarmiento-Suarez, Rodrigo, Sartorius, Benn, Satpathy, Maheswar, Savic, Miloje, Sawhney, Monika, Saylan, Mete I, Schöttker, Ben, Schutte, Aletta E, Schwebel, David C, Seedat, Soraya, Seid, Abdulbasit Musa, Seifu, Canaan Negash, Sepanlou, Sadaf G, Serdar, Berrin, Servan-Mori, Edson E, Setegn, Tesfaye, Shackelford, Katya Anne, Shaheen, Amira, Shahraz, Saeid, Shaikh, Masood Ali, Shakh-Nazarova, Marina, Shamsipour, Mansour, Islam, Sheikh Mohammed Shariful, Sharma, Jayendra, Sharma, Rajesh, She, Jun, Sheikhbahaei, Sara, Shen, Jiabin, Shi, Peilin, Shigematsu, Mika, Shin, Min-Jeong, Shiri, Rahman, Shoman, Haitham, Shrime, Mark G, Sibamo, Ephrem Lejore Sibamo, Sigfusdottir, Inga Dora, Silva, Diego Augusto Santos, Silveira, Dayane Gabriele Alves, Sindi, Shireen, Singh, Abhishek, Singh, Jasvinder A, Singh, Om Prakash, Singh, Prashant Kumar, Singh, Virendra, Sinke, Abiy Hiruye, Sinshaw, Aklilu Endalamaw, Skirbekk, Vegard, Sliwa, Karen, Smith, Alison, Sobngwi, Eugene, Soneji, Samir, Soriano, Joan B, Sousa, Tatiane Cristina Moraes, Sposato, Luciano A, Sreeramareddy, Chandrashekhar T, Stathopoulou, Vasiliki, Steel, Nicholas, Steiner, Caitlyn, Steinke, Sabine, Stokes, Mark Andrew, Stranges, Saverio, Strong, Mark, Stroumpoulis, Konstantinos, Sturua, Lela, Sufiyan, Muawiyyah Babale, Suliankatchi, Rizwan Abdulkader, Sun, Jiandong, Sur, Patrick, Swaminathan, Soumya, Sykes, Bryan L, Tabarés-Seisdedos, Rafael, Tabb, Karen M, Taffere, Getachew Redae, Talongwa, Roberto Tchio, Tarajia, Musharaf, Tavakkoli, Mohammad, Taveira, Nuno, Teeple, Stephanie, Tegegne, Teketo Kassaw, Tehrani-Banihashemi, Arash, Tekelab, Tesfalidet, Tekle, Dejen Yemane, Shifa, Girma Temam, Terkawi, Abdullah Sulieman, Tesema, Azeb Gebresilassie, Thakur, JS, Thomson, Alan J, Tillmann, Taavi, Tiruye, Tenaw Yimer, Tobe-Gai, Ruoyan, Tonelli, Marcello, Topor-Madry, Roman, Tortajada, Miguel, Troeger, Christopher, Truelsen, Thomas, Tura, Abera Kenay, Uchendu, Uche S, Ukwaja, Kingsley N, Undurraga, Eduardo A, Uneke, Chigozie Jesse, Uthman, Olalekan A, van Boven, Job F M, Van Dingenen, Rita, Varughese, Santosh, Vasankari, Tommi, Venketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy, Violante, Francesco S, Vladimirov, Sergey K, Vlassov, Vasiliy Victorovich, Vollset, Stein Emil, Vos, Theo, Wagner, Joseph A, Wakayo, Tolassa, Waller, Stephen G, Walson, Judd L, Wang, Haidong, Wang, Yuan-Pang, Watkins, David A, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Weintraub, Robert G, Wen, Chi-Pang, Werdecker, Andrea, Wesana, Joshua, Westerman, Ronny, Whiteford, Harvey A, Wilkinson, James D, Wiysonge, Charles Shey, Woldeyes, Belete Getahun, Wolfe, Charles D A, Won, Sungho, Workicho, Abdulhalik, Workie, Shimelash Bitew, Wubshet, Mamo, Xavier, Denis, Xu, Gelin, Yadav, Ajit Kumar, Yaghoubi, Mohsen, Yakob, Bereket, Yan, Lijing L, Yano, Yuichiro, Yaseri, Mehdi, Yimam, Hassen Hamid, Yip, Paul, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Yoon, Seok-Jun, Younis, Mustafa Z, Yu, Chuanhua, Zaidi, Zoubida, El Sayed Zaki, Maysaa, Zambrana-Torrelio, Carlos, Zapata, Tomas, Zenebe, Zerihun Menlkalew, Zodpey, Sanjay, Zoeckler, Leo, Zuhlke, Liesl Joanna, and Murray, Christopher J L
Published: 2017
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3. Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015

Author: Wang, Haidong, Naghavi, Mohsen, Allen, Christine, Barber, Ryan M, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A, Carter, Austin, Casey, Daniel C, Charlson, Fiona J, Chen, Alan Zian, Coates, Matthew M, Coggeshall, Megan, Dandona, Lalit, Dicker, Daniel J, Erskine, Holly E, Ferrari, Alize J, Fitzmaurice, Christina, Foreman, Kyle, Forouzanfar, Mohammad H, Fraser, Maya S, Fullman, Nancy, Gething, Peter W, Goldberg, Ellen M, Graetz, Nicholas, Haagsma, Juanita A, Hay, Simon I, Huynh, Chantal, Johnson, Catherine O, Kassebaum, Nicholas J, Kinfu, Yohannes, Kulikoff, Xie Rachel, Kutz, Michael, Kyu, Hmwe H, Larson, Heidi J, Leung, Janni, Liang, Xiaofeng, Lim, Stephen S, Lind, Margaret, Lozano, Rafael, Marquez, Neal, Mensah, George A, Mikesell, Joe, Mokdad, Ali H, Mooney, Meghan D, Nguyen, Grant, Nsoesie, Elaine, Pigott, David M, Pinho, Christine, Roth, Gregory A, Salomon, Joshua A, Sandar, Logan, Silpakit, Naris, Sligar, Amber, Sorensen, Reed J D, Stanaway, Jeffrey, Steiner, Caitlyn, Teeple, Stephanie, Thomas, Bernadette A, Troeger, Christopher, VanderZanden, Amelia, Vollset, Stein Emil, Wanga, Valentine, Whiteford, Harvey A, Wolock, Timothy, Zoeckler, Leo, Abate, Kalkidan Hassen, Abbafati, Cristiana, Abbas, Kaja M, Abd-Allah, Foad, Abera, Semaw Ferede, Abreu, Daisy M X, Abu-Raddad, Laith J, Abyu, Gebre Yitayih, Achoki, Tom, Adelekan, Ademola Lukman, Ademi, Zanfina, Adou, Arsène Kouablan, Adsuar, José C, Afanvi, Kossivi Agbelenko, Afshin, Ashkan, Agardh, Emilie Elisabet, Agarwal, Arnav, Agrawal, Anurag, Kiadaliri, Aliasghar Ahmad, Ajala, Oluremi N, Akanda, Ali Shafqat, Akinyemi, Rufus Olusola, Akinyemiju, Tomi F, Akseer, Nadia, Lami, Faris Hasan Al, Alabed, Samer, Al-Aly, Ziyad, Alam, Khurshid, Alam, Noore K M, Alasfoor, Deena, Aldhahri, Saleh Fahed, Aldridge, Robert William, Alegretti, Miguel Angel, Aleman, Alicia V, Alemu, Zewdie Aderaw, Alexander, Lily T, Alhabib, Samia, Ali, Raghib, Alkerwi, Ala'a, Alla, François, Allebeck, Peter, Al-Raddadi, Rajaa, Alsharif, Ubai, Altirkawi, Khalid A, Martin, Elena Alvarez, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Amare, Azmeraw T, Amegah, Adeladza Kofi, Ameh, Emmanuel A, Amini, Heresh, Ammar, Walid, Amrock, Stephen Marc, Andersen, Hjalte H, Anderson, Benjamin O, Anderson, Gregory M, Antonio, Carl Abelardo T, Aregay, Atsede Fantahun, Ärnlöv, Johan, Arsenijevic, Valentina S Arsic, Artaman, Al, Asayesh, Hamid, Asghar, Rana Jawad, Atique, Suleman, Avokpaho, Euripide Frinel G Arthur, Awasthi, Ashish, Azzopardi, Peter, Bacha, Umar, Badawi, Alaa, Bahit, Maria C, Balakrishnan, Kalpana, Banerjee, Amitava, Barac, Aleksandra, Barker-Collo, Suzanne L, Bärnighausen, Till, Barregard, Lars, Barrero, Lope H, Basu, Arindam, Basu, Sanjay, Bayou, Yibeltal Tebekaw, Bazargan-Hejazi, Shahrzad, Beardsley, Justin, Bedi, Neeraj, Beghi, Ettore, Belay, Haileeyesus Adamu, Bell, Brent, Bell, Michelle L, Bello, Aminu K, Bennett, Derrick A, Bensenor, Isabela M, Berhane, Adugnaw, Bernabé, Eduardo, Betsu, Balem Demtsu, Beyene, Addisu Shunu, Bhala, Neeraj, Bhalla, Ashish, Biadgilign, Sibhatu, Bikbov, Boris, Abdulhak, Aref A Bin, Biroscak, Brian J, Biryukov, Stan, Bjertness, Espen, Blore, Jed D, Blosser, Christopher D, Bohensky, Megan A, Borschmann, Rohan, Bose, Dipan, Bourne, Rupert R A, Brainin, Michael, Brayne, Carol E G, Brazinova, Alexandra, Breitborde, Nicholas J K, Brenner, Hermann, Brewer, Jerry D, Brown, Alexandria, Brown, Jonathan, Brugha, Traolach S, Buckle, Geoffrey Colin, Butt, Zahid A, Calabria, Bianca, Campos-Nonato, Ismael Ricardo, Campuzano, Julio Cesar, Carapetis, Jonathan R, Cárdenas, Rosario, Carpenter, David O, Carrero, Juan Jesus, Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos A, Rivas, Jacqueline Castillo, Catalá-López, Ferrán, Cavalleri, Fiorella, Cercy, Kelly, Cerda, Jorge, Chen, Wanqing, Chew, Adrienne, Chiang, Peggy Pei-Chia, Chibalabala, Mirriam, Chibueze, Chioma Ezinne, Chimed-Ochir, Odgerel, Chisumpa, Vesper Hichilombwe, Choi, Jee-Young Jasmine, Chowdhury, Rajiv, Christensen, Hanne, Christopher, Devasahayam Jesudas, Ciobanu, Liliana G, Cirillo, Massimo, 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Published: 2016
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4. Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015

Author: Vos, Theo, Allen, Christine, Arora, Megha, Barber, Ryan M, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A, Brown, Alexandria, Carter, Austin, Casey, Daniel C, Charlson, Fiona J, Chen, Alan Z, Coggeshall, Megan, Cornaby, Leslie, Dandona, Lalit, Dicker, Daniel J, Dilegge, Tina, Erskine, Holly E, Ferrari, Alize J, Fitzmaurice, Christina, Fleming, Tom, Forouzanfar, Mohammad H, Fullman, Nancy, Gething, Peter W, Goldberg, Ellen M, Graetz, Nicholas, Haagsma, Juanita A, Hay, Simon I, Johnson, Catherine O, Kassebaum, Nicholas J, Kawashima, Toana, Kemmer, Laura, Khalil, Ibrahim A, Kinfu, Yohannes, Kyu, Hmwe H, Leung, Janni, Liang, Xiaofeng, Lim, Stephen S, Lopez, Alan D, Lozano, Rafael, Marczak, Laurie, Mensah, George A, Mokdad, Ali H, Naghavi, Mohsen, Nguyen, Grant, Nsoesie, Elaine, Olsen, Helen, Pigott, David M, Pinho, Christine, Rankin, Zane, Reinig, Nikolas, Salomon, Joshua A, Sandar, Logan, Smith, Alison, Stanaway, Jeffrey, Steiner, Caitlyn, Teeple, Stephanie, Thomas, Bernadette A, Troeger, Christopher, Wagner, Joseph A, Wang, Haidong, Wanga, Valentine, Whiteford, Harvey A, Zoeckler, Leo, Abajobir, Amanuel Alemu, Abate, Kalkidan Hassen, Abbafati, Cristiana, Abbas, Kaja M, Abd-Allah, Foad, Abraham, Biju, Abubakar, Ibrahim, Abu-Raddad, Laith J, Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen M E, Ackerman, Ilana N, Adebiyi, Akindele Olupelumi, Ademi, Zanfina, Adou, Arsène Kouablan, Afanvi, Kossivi Agbelenko, Agardh, Emilie Elisabet, Agarwal, Arnav, Kiadaliri, Aliasghar Ahmad, Ahmadieh, Hamid, Ajala, Oluremi N, Akinyemi, Rufus Olusola, Akseer, Nadia, Al-Aly, Ziyad, Alam, Khurshid, Alam, Noore K M, Aldhahri, Saleh Fahed, Alegretti, Miguel Angel, Alemu, Zewdie Aderaw, Alexander, Lily T, Alhabib, Samia, Ali, Raghib, Alkerwi, Ala'a, Alla, François, Allebeck, Peter, Al-Raddadi, Rajaa, Alsharif, Ubai, Altirkawi, Khalid A, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Amare, Azmeraw T, Amberbir, Alemayehu, Amini, Heresh, Ammar, Walid, Amrock, Stephen Marc, Andersen, Hjalte H, Anderson, Gregory M, Anderson, Benjamin O, Antonio, Carl Abelardo T, Aregay, Atsede Fantahun, Ärnlöv, Johan, Artaman, Al, Asayesh, Hamid, Assadi, Reza, Atique, Suleman, Avokpaho, Euripide Frinel G Arthur, Awasthi, Ashish, Quintanilla, Beatriz Paulina Ayala, Azzopardi, Peter, Bacha, Umar, Badawi, Alaa, Balakrishnan, Kalpana, Banerjee, Amitava, Barac, Aleksandra, Barker-Collo, Suzanne L, Bärnighausen, Till, Barregard, Lars, Barrero, Lope H, Basu, Arindam, Bazargan-Hejazi, Shahrzad, Beghi, Ettore, Bell, Brent, Bell, Michelle L, Bennett, Derrick A, Bensenor, Isabela M, Benzian, Habib, Berhane, Adugnaw, Bernabé, Eduardo, Betsu, Balem Demtsu, Beyene, Addisu Shunu, Bhala, Neeraj, Bhatt, Samir, Biadgilign, Sibhatu, Bienhoff, Kelly, Bikbov, Boris, Biryukov, Stan, Bisanzio, Donal, Bjertness, Espen, Blore, Jed, Borschmann, Rohan, Boufous, Soufiane, Brainin, Michael, Brazinova, Alexandra, Breitborde, Nicholas J K, Brown, Jonathan, Buchbinder, Rachelle, Buckle, Geoffrey Colin, Butt, Zahid A, Calabria, Bianca, Campos-Nonato, Ismael Ricardo, Campuzano, Julio Cesar, 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Petrovich, Eshrati, Babak, Estep, Kara, Farid, Talha A, Farinha, Carla Sofia e Sa, Faro, André, Farvid, Maryam S, Farzadfar, Farshad, Feigin, Valery L, Felson, David T, Fereshtehnejad, Seyed-Mohammad, Fernandes, Jefferson G, Fernandes, Joao C, Fischer, Florian, Fitchett, Joseph R A, Foreman, Kyle, Fowkes, F Gerry R, Fox, Jordan, Franklin, Richard C, Friedman, Joseph, Frostad, Joseph, Fürst, Thomas, Futran, Neal D, Gabbe, Belinda, Ganguly, Parthasarathi, Gankpé, Fortuné Gbètoho, Gebre, Teshome, Gebrehiwot, Tsegaye Tewelde, Gebremedhin, Amanuel Tesfay, Geleijnse, Johanna M, Gessner, Bradford D, Gibney, Katherine B, Ginawi, Ibrahim Abdelmageem Mohamed, Giref, Ababi Zergaw, Giroud, Maurice, Gishu, Melkamu Dedefo, Giussani, Giorgia, Glaser, Elizabeth, Godwin, William W, Gomez-Dantes, Hector, Gona, Philimon, Goodridge, Amador, Gopalani, Sameer Vali, Gotay, Carolyn C, Goto, Atsushi, Gouda, Hebe N, Grainger, Rebecca, Greaves, Felix, Guillemin, Francis, Guo, Yuming, Gupta, Rahul, Gupta, Rajeev, Gupta, Vipin, Gutiérrez, Reyna A, Haile, Demewoz, Hailu, Alemayehu Desalegne, Hailu, Gessessew Bugssa, Halasa, Yara A, Hamadeh, Randah Ribhi, Hamidi, Samer, Hammami, Mouhanad, Hancock, Jamie, Handal, Alexis J, Hankey, Graeme J, Hao, Yuantao, Harb, Hilda L, Harikrishnan, Sivadasanpillai, Haro, Josep Maria, Havmoeller, Rasmus, Hay, Roderick J, Heredia-Pi, Ileana Beatriz, Heydarpour, Pouria, Hoek, Hans W, Horino, Masako, Horita, Nobuyuki, Hosgood, H Dean, Hoy, Damian G, Htet, Aung Soe, Huang, Hsiang, Huang, John J, Huynh, Chantal, Iannarone, Marissa, Iburg, Kim Moesgaard, Innos, Kaire, Inoue, Manami, Iyer, Veena J, Jacobsen, Kathryn H, Jahanmehr, Nader, Jakovljevic, Mihajlo B, Javanbakht, Mehdi, Jayaraman, Sudha P, Jayatilleke, Achala Upendra, Jee, Sun Ha, Jeemon, Panniyammakal, Jensen, Paul N, Jiang, Ying, Jibat, Tariku, Jimenez-Corona, Aida, Jin, Ye, Jonas, Jost B, Kabir, Zubair, Kalkonde, Yogeshwar, Kamal, Ritul, Kan, Haidong, Karch, André, Karema, Corine Kakizi, Karimkhani, Chante, Kasaeian, Amir, Kaul, Anil, Kawakami, Norito, Keiyoro, Peter Njenga, Kemp, Andrew Haddon, Keren, Andre, Kesavachandran, Chandrasekharan Nair, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Khan, Abdur Rahman, Khan, Ejaz Ahmad, Khang, Young-Ho, Khera, Sahil, Khoja, Tawfik Ahmed Muthafer, Khubchandani, Jagdish, Kieling, Christian, Kim, Pauline, Kim, Cho-il, Kim, Daniel, Kim, Yun Jin, Kissoon, Niranjan, Knibbs, Luke D, Knudsen, Ann Kristin, Kokubo, Yoshihiro, Kolte, Dhaval, Kopec, Jacek A, Kosen, Soewarta, Kotsakis, Georgios A, Koul, Parvaiz A, Koyanagi, Ai, Kravchenko, Michael, Defo, Barthelemy Kuate, Bicer, Burcu Kucuk, Kudom, Andreas A, Kuipers, Ernst J, Kumar, G Anil, Kutz, Michael, Kwan, Gene F, Lal, Aparna, Lalloo, Ratilal, Lallukka, Tea, Lam, Hilton, Lam, Jennifer O, Langan, Sinead M, Larsson, Anders, Lavados, Pablo M, Leasher, Janet L, Leigh, James, Leung, Ricky, Levi, Miriam, Li, Yichong, Li, Yongmei, Liang, Juan, Liu, Shiwei, Liu, Yang, Lloyd, Belinda K, Lo, Warren D, Logroscino, Giancarlo, Looker, Katharine J, Lotufo, Paulo A, Lunevicius, Raimundas, Lyons, Ronan A, Mackay, Mark T, Magdy, Mohammed, Razek, Abd El, Mahdavi, Mahdi, Majdan, Marek, Majeed, Azeem, Malekzadeh, Reza, Marcenes, Wagner, Margolis, David Joel, Martinez-Raga, Jose, Masiye, Felix, Massano, João, McGarvey, Stephen Theodore, McGrath, John J, McKee, Martin, McMahon, Brian J, Meaney, Peter A, Mehari, Alem, Mejia-Rodriguez, Fabiola, Mekonnen, Alemayehu B, Melaku, Yohannes Adama, Memiah, Peter, Memish, Ziad A, Mendoza, Walter, Meretoja, Atte, Meretoja, Tuomo J, Mhimbira, Francis Apolinary, Millear, Anoushka, Miller, Ted R, Mills, Edward J, Mirarefin, Mojde, Mitchell, Philip B, Mock, Charles N, Mohammadi, Alireza, Mohammed, Shafiu, Monasta, Lorenzo, Hernandez, Julio Cesar Montañez, Montico, Marcella, Mooney, Meghan D, Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar, Morawska, Lidia, Mueller, Ulrich O, Mullany, Erin, Mumford, John Everett, Murdoch, Michele E, Nachega, Jean B, Nagel, Gabriele, Naheed, Aliya, Naldi, Luigi, Nangia, Vinay, Newton, John N, Ng, Marie, Ngalesoni, Frida Namnyak, Nguyen, Quyen Le, Nisar, Muhammad Imran, Pete, Patrick Martial Nkamedjie, Nolla, Joan M, Norheim, Ole F, Norman, Rosana E, Norrving, Bo, Nunes, Bruno P, Ogbo, Felix Akpojene, Oh, In-Hwan, Ohkubo, Takayoshi, Olivares, Pedro R, Olusanya, Bolajoko Olubukunola, Olusanya, Jacob Olusegun, Ortiz, Alberto, Osman, Majdi, Ota, Erika, PA, Mahesh, Park, Eun-Kee, Parsaeian, Mahboubeh, de Azeredo Passos, Valéria Maria, Caicedo, Angel J Paternina, Patten, Scott B, Patton, George C, Pereira, David M, Perez-Padilla, Rogelio, Perico, Norberto, Pesudovs, Konrad, Petzold, Max, Phillips, Michael Robert, Piel, Frédéric B, Pillay, Julian David, Pishgar, Farhad, Plass, Dietrich, Platts-Mills, James A, Polinder, Suzanne, Pond, Constance D, Popova, Svetlana, Poulton, Richie G, Pourmalek, Farshad, Prabhakaran, Dorairaj, Prasad, Noela M, Qorbani, Mostafa, Rabiee, Rynaz H S, Radfar, Amir, Rafay, Anwar, Rahimi, Kazem, Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa, Rahman, Mahfuzar, Rahman, Mohammad Hifz Ur, Rahman, Sajjad Ur, Rai, Rajesh Kumar, Rajsic, Sasa, Ram, Usha, Rao, Puja, Refaat, Amany H, Reitsma, Marissa B, Remuzzi, Giuseppe, Resnikoff, Serge, Reynolds, Alex, Ribeiro, Antonio L, Blancas, Maria Jesus Rios, Roba, Hirbo Shore, Rojas-Rueda, David, Ronfani, Luca, Roshandel, Gholamreza, Roth, Gregory A, Rothenbacher, Dietrich, Roy, Ambuj, Sagar, Rajesh, Sahathevan, Ramesh, Sanabria, Juan R, Sanchez-Niño, Maria Dolores, Santos, Itamar S, Santos, João Vasco, Sarmiento-Suarez, Rodrigo, Sartorius, Benn, Satpathy, Maheswar, Savic, Miloje, Sawhney, Monika, Schaub, Michael P, Schmidt, Maria Inês, Schneider, Ione J C, Schöttker, Ben, Schwebel, David C, Scott, James G, Seedat, Soraya, Sepanlou, Sadaf G, Servan-Mori, Edson E, Shackelford, Katya A, Shaheen, Amira, Shaikh, Masood Ali, Sharma, Rajesh, Sharma, Upasana, Shen, Jiabin, Shepard, Donald S, Sheth, Kevin N, Shibuya, Kenji, Shin, Min-Jeong, Shiri, Rahman, Shiue, Ivy, Shrime, Mark G, Sigfusdottir, Inga Dora, Silva, Diego Augusto Santos, Silveira, Dayane Gabriele Alves, Singh, Abhishek, Singh, Jasvinder A, Singh, Om Prakash, Singh, Prashant Kumar, Sivonda, Anna, Skirbekk, Vegard, Skogen, Jens Christoffer, Sligar, Amber, Sliwa, Karen, Soljak, Michael, Søreide, Kjetil, Sorensen, Reed J D, Soriano, Joan B, Sposato, Luciano A, Sreeramareddy, Chandrashekhar T, Stathopoulou, Vasiliki, Steel, Nicholas, Stein, Dan J, Steiner, Timothy J, Steinke, Sabine, Stovner, Lars, Stroumpoulis, Konstantinos, Sunguya, Bruno F, Sur, Patrick, Swaminathan, Soumya, Sykes, Bryan L, Szoeke, Cassandra E I, Tabarés-Seisdedos, Rafael, Takala, Jukka S, Tandon, Nikhil, Tanne, David, Tavakkoli, Mohammad, Taye, Bineyam, Taylor, Hugh R, Ao, Braden J Te, Tedla, Bemnet Amare, Terkawi, Abdullah Sulieman, Thomson, Alan J, Thorne-Lyman, Andrew L, Thrift, Amanda G, Thurston, George D, Tobe-Gai, Ruoyan, Tonelli, Marcello, Topor-Madry, Roman, Topouzis, Fotis, Tran, Bach Xuan, Truelsen, Thomas, Dimbuene, Zacharie Tsala, Tsilimbaris, Miltiadis, Tura, Abera Kenay, Tuzcu, Emin Murat, Tyrovolas, Stefanos, Ukwaja, Kingsley N, Undurraga, Eduardo A, Uneke, Chigozie Jesse, Uthman, Olalekan A, van Gool, Coen H, Varakin, Yuri Y, Vasankari, Tommi, Venketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy, Verma, Raj Kumar, Violante, Francesco S, Vladimirov, Sergey K, Vlassov, Vasiliy Victorovich, Vollset, Stein Emil, Wagner, Gregory R, Waller, Stephen G, Wang, Linhong, Watkins, David A, Weichenthal, Scott, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Weintraub, Robert G, Werdecker, Andrea, Westerman, Ronny, White, Richard A, Williams, Hywel C, Wiysonge, Charles Shey, Wolfe, Charles D A, Won, Sungho, Woodbrook, Rachel, Wubshet, Mamo, Xavier, Denis, Xu, Gelin, Yadav, Ajit Kumar, Yan, Lijing L, Yano, Yuichiro, Yaseri, Mehdi, Ye, Pengpeng, Yebyo, Henock Gebremedhin, Yip, Paul, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Yoon, Seok-Jun, Younis, Mustafa Z, Yu, Chuanhua, Zaidi, Zoubida, Zaki, Maysaa El Sayed, Zeeb, Hajo, Zhou, Maigeng, Zodpey, Sanjay, Zuhlke, Liesl Joanna, and Murray, Christopher J L
Published: 2016
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5. Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 79 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks, 1990–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015

Author: Forouzanfar, Mohammad H, Afshin, Ashkan, Alexander, Lily T, Anderson, H Ross, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A, Biryukov, Stan, Brauer, Michael, Burnett, Richard, Cercy, Kelly, Charlson, Fiona J, Cohen, Aaron J, Dandona, Lalit, Estep, Kara, Ferrari, Alize J, Frostad, Joseph J, Fullman, Nancy, Gething, Peter W, Godwin, William W, Griswold, Max, Hay, Simon I, Kinfu, Yohannes, Kyu, Hmwe H, Larson, Heidi J, Liang, Xiaofeng, Lim, Stephen S, Liu, Patrick Y, Lopez, Alan D, Lozano, Rafael, Marczak, Laurie, Mensah, George A, Mokdad, Ali H, Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar, Naghavi, Mohsen, Neal, Bruce, Reitsma, Marissa B, Roth, Gregory A, Salomon, Joshua A, Sur, Patrick J, Vos, Theo, Wagner, Joseph A, Wang, Haidong, Zhao, Yi, Zhou, Maigeng, Aasvang, Gunn Marit, Abajobir, Amanuel Alemu, Abate, Kalkidan Hassen, Abbafati, Cristiana, Abbas, Kaja M, Abd-Allah, Foad, Abdulle, Abdishakur M, Abera, Semaw Ferede, Abraham, Biju, Abu-Raddad, Laith J, Abyu, Gebre Yitayih, Adebiyi, Akindele Olupelumi, Adedeji, Isaac Akinkunmi, Ademi, Zanfina, Adou, Arsène Kouablan, Adsuar, José C, Agardh, Emilie Elisabet, Agarwal, Arnav, Agrawal, Anurag, Kiadaliri, Aliasghar Ahmad, Ajala, Oluremi N, Akinyemiju, Tomi F, Al-Aly, Ziyad, Alam, Khurshid, Alam, Noore K M, Aldhahri, Saleh Fahed, Aldridge, Robert William, Alemu, Zewdie Aderaw, Ali, Raghib, Alkerwi, Ala'a, Alla, François, Allebeck, Peter, Alsharif, Ubai, Altirkawi, Khalid A, Martin, Elena Alvarez, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Amare, Azmeraw T, Amberbir, Alemayehu, Amegah, Adeladza Kofi, Amini, Heresh, Ammar, Walid, Amrock, Stephen Marc, Andersen, Hjalte H, Anderson, Benjamin O, Antonio, Carl Abelardo T, Anwari, Palwasha, Ärnlöv, Johan, Artaman, Al, Asayesh, Hamid, Asghar, Rana Jawad, Assadi, Reza, Atique, Suleman, Avokpaho, Euripide Frinel G Arthur, Awasthi, Ashish, Quintanilla, Beatriz Paulina Ayala, Azzopardi, Peter, Bacha, Umar, Badawi, Alaa, Bahit, Maria C, Balakrishnan, Kalpana, Barac, Aleksandra, Barber, Ryan M, Barker-Collo, Suzanne L, Bärnighausen, Till, Barquera, Simon, Barregard, Lars, Barrero, Lope H, Basu, Sanjay, Batis, Carolina, Bazargan-Hejazi, Shahrzad, Beardsley, Justin, Bedi, Neeraj, Beghi, Ettore, Bell, Brent, Bell, Michelle L, Bello, Aminu K, Bennett, Derrick A, Bensenor, Isabela M, Berhane, Adugnaw, Bernabé, Eduardo, Betsu, Balem Demtsu, Beyene, Addisu Shunu, Bhala, Neeraj, Bhansali, Anil, Bhatt, Samir, Biadgilign, Sibhatu, Bikbov, Boris, Bisanzio, Donal, Bjertness, Espen, Blore, Jed D, Borschmann, Rohan, Boufous, Soufiane, Bourne, Rupert R A, Brainin, Michael, Brazinova, Alexandra, Breitborde, Nicholas J K, Brenner, Hermann, Broday, David M, Brugha, Traolach S, Brunekreef, Bert, Butt, Zahid A, Cahill, Leah E, Calabria, Bianca, Campos-Nonato, Ismael Ricardo, Cárdenas, Rosario, Carpenter, David O, Carrero, Juan Jesus, Casey, Daniel C, Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos A, Rivas, Jacqueline Castillo, Castro, Ruben Estanislao, Catalá-López, Ferrán, Chang, Jung-Chen, Chiang, Peggy Pei-Chia, Chibalabala, Mirriam, Chimed-Ochir, Odgerel, Chisumpa, Vesper Hichilombwe, Chitheer, Abdulaal A, Choi, Jee-Young Jasmine, Christensen, Hanne, Christopher, Devasahayam Jesudas, Ciobanu, Liliana G, Coates, Matthew M, Colquhoun, Samantha M, Manzano, Alejandra G Contreras, Cooper, Leslie Trumbull, Cooperrider, Kimberly, Cornaby, Leslie, Cortinovis, Monica, Crump, John A, Cuevas-Nasu, Lucia, Damasceno, Albertino, Dandona, Rakhi, Darby, Sarah C, Dargan, Paul I, das Neves, José, Davis, Adrian C, Davletov, Kairat, de Castro, E Filipa, De la Cruz-Góngora, Vanessa, De Leo, Diego, Degenhardt, Louisa, Del Gobbo, Liana C, del Pozo-Cruz, Borja, Dellavalle, Robert P, Deribew, Amare, Jarlais, Don C Des, Dharmaratne, Samath D, Dhillon, Preet K, Diaz-Torné, Cesar, Dicker, Daniel, Ding, Eric L, Dorsey, E Ray, Doyle, Kerrie E, Driscoll, Tim R, Duan, Leilei, Dubey, Manisha, Duncan, Bruce Bartholow, Elyazar, Iqbal, Endries, Aman Yesuf, Ermakov, Sergey Petrovich, Erskine, Holly E, Eshrati, Babak, Esteghamati, Alireza, Fahimi, Saman, Faraon, Emerito Jose Aquino, Farid, Talha A, Farinha, Carla Sofia e Sa, Faro, André, Farvid, Maryam S, Farzadfar, Farshad, Feigin, Valery L, Fereshtehnejad, Seyed-Mohammad, Fernandes, Jefferson G, Fischer, Florian, Fitchett, Joseph R A, Fleming, Tom, Foigt, Nataliya, Foreman, Kyle, Fowkes, F Gerry R, Franklin, Richard C, Fürst, Thomas, Futran, Neal D, Gakidou, Emmanuela, Garcia-Basteiro, Alberto L, Gebrehiwot, Tsegaye Tewelde, Gebremedhin, Amanuel Tesfay, Geleijnse, Johanna M, Gessner, Bradford D, Giref, Ababi Zergaw, Giroud, Maurice, Gishu, Melkamu Dedefo, Giussani, Giorgia, Goenka, Shifalika, Gomez-Cabrera, Mari Carmen, Gomez-Dantes, Hector, Gona, Philimon, Goodridge, Amador, Gopalani, Sameer Vali, Gotay, Carolyn C, Goto, Atsushi, Gouda, Hebe N, Gugnani, Harish Chander, Guillemin, Francis, Guo, Yuming, Gupta, Rahul, Gupta, Rajeev, Gutiérrez, Reyna A, Haagsma, Juanita A, Hafezi-Nejad, Nima, Haile, Demewoz, Hailu, Gessessew Bugssa, Halasa, Yara A, Hamadeh, Randah Ribhi, Hamidi, Samer, Handal, Alexis J, Hankey, Graeme J, Hao, Yuantao, Harb, Hilda L, Harikrishnan, Sivadasanpillai, Haro, Josep Maria, Hassanvand, Mohammad Sadegh, Hassen, Tahir Ahmed, Havmoeller, Rasmus, Heredia-Pi, Ileana Beatriz, Hernández-Llanes, Norberto Francisco, Heydarpour, Pouria, Hoek, Hans W, Hoffman, Howard J, Horino, Masako, Horita, Nobuyuki, Hosgood, H Dean, Hoy, Damian G, Hsairi, Mohamed, Htet, Aung Soe, Hu, Guoqing, Huang, John J, Husseini, Abdullatif, Hutchings, Sally J, Huybrechts, Inge, Iburg, Kim Moesgaard, Idrisov, Bulat T, Ileanu, Bogdan Vasile, Inoue, Manami, Jacobs, Troy A, Jacobsen, Kathryn H, Jahanmehr, Nader, Jakovljevic, Mihajlo B, Jansen, Henrica A F M, Jassal, Simerjot K, Javanbakht, Mehdi, Jayaraman, Sudha P, Jayatilleke, Achala Upendra, Jee, Sun Ha, Jeemon, Panniyammakal, Jha, Vivekanand, Jiang, Ying, Jibat, Tariku, Jin, Ye, Johnson, Catherine O, Jonas, Jost B, Kabir, Zubair, Kalkonde, Yogeshwar, Kamal, Ritul, Kan, Haidong, Karch, André, Karema, Corine Kakizi, Karimkhani, Chante, Kasaeian, Amir, Kaul, Anil, Kawakami, Norito, Kazi, Dhruv S, Keiyoro, Peter Njenga, Kemmer, Laura, Kemp, Andrew Haddon, Kengne, Andre Pascal, Keren, Andre, Kesavachandran, Chandrasekharan Nair, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Khan, Abdur Rahman, Khan, Ejaz Ahmad, Khan, Gulfaraz, Khang, Young-Ho, Khatibzadeh, Shahab, Khera, Sahil, Khoja, Tawfik Ahmed Muthafer, Khubchandani, Jagdish, Kieling, Christian, Kim, Cho-il, Kim, Daniel, Kimokoti, Ruth W, Kissoon, Niranjan, Kivipelto, Miia, Knibbs, Luke D, Kokubo, Yoshihiro, Kopec, Jacek A, Koul, Parvaiz A, Koyanagi, Ai, Kravchenko, Michael, Kromhout, Hans, Krueger, Hans, Ku, Tiffany, Defo, Barthelemy Kuate, Kuchenbecker, Ricardo S, Bicer, Burcu Kucuk, Kuipers, Ernst J, Kumar, G Anil, Kwan, Gene F, Lal, Dharmesh Kumar, Lalloo, Ratilal, Lallukka, Tea, Lan, Qing, Larsson, Anders, Latif, Asma Abdul, Lawrynowicz, Alicia Elena Beatriz, Leasher, Janet L, Leigh, James, Leung, Janni, Levi, Miriam, Li, Xiaohong, Li, Yichong, Liang, Juan, Liu, Shiwei, Lloyd, Belinda K, Logroscino, Giancarlo, Lotufo, Paulo A, Lunevicius, Raimundas, MacIntyre, Michael, Mahdavi, Mahdi, Majdan, Marek, Majeed, Azeem, Malekzadeh, Reza, Malta, Deborah Carvalho, Manamo, Wondimu Ayele Ayele, Mapoma, Chabila C, Marcenes, Wagner, Martin, Randall V, Martinez-Raga, Jose, Masiye, Felix, Matsushita, Kunihiro, Matzopoulos, Richard, Mayosi, Bongani M, McGrath, John J, McKee, Martin, Meaney, Peter A, Medina, Catalina, Mehari, Alem, Mejia-Rodriguez, Fabiola, Mekonnen, Alemayehu B, Melaku, Yohannes Adama, Memish, Ziad A, Mendoza, Walter, Mensink, Gert B M, Meretoja, Atte, Meretoja, Tuomo J, Mesfin, Yonatan Moges, Mhimbira, Francis Apolinary, Millear, Anoushka, Miller, Ted R, Mills, Edward J, Mirarefin, Mojde, Misganaw, Awoke, Mock, Charles N, Mohammadi, Alireza, Mohammed, Shafiu, Mola, Glen Liddell D, Monasta, Lorenzo, Hernandez, Julio Cesar Montañez, Montico, Marcella, Morawska, Lidia, Mori, Rintaro, Mozaffarian, Dariush, Mueller, Ulrich O, Mullany, Erin, Mumford, John Everett, Murthy, Gudlavalleti Venkata Satyanarayana, Nachega, Jean B, Naheed, Aliya, Nangia, Vinay, Nassiri, Nariman, Newton, John N, Ng, Marie, Nguyen, Quyen Le, Nisar, Muhammad Imran, Pete, Patrick Martial Nkamedjie, Norheim, Ole F, Norman, Rosana E, Norrving, Bo, Nyakarahuka, Luke, Obermeyer, Carla Makhlouf, Ogbo, Felix Akpojene, Oh, In-Hwan, Oladimeji, Olanrewaju, Olivares, Pedro R, Olsen, Helen, Olusanya, Bolajoko Olubukunola, Olusanya, Jacob Olusegun, Opio, John Nelson, Oren, Eyal, Orozco, Ricardo, Ortiz, Alberto, Ota, Erika, PA, Mahesh, Pana, Adrian, Park, Eun-Kee, Parry, Charles D, Parsaeian, Mahboubeh, Patel, Tejas, Caicedo, Angel J Paternina, Patil, Snehal T, Patten, Scott B, Patton, George C, Pearce, Neil, Pereira, David M, Perico, Norberto, Pesudovs, Konrad, Petzold, Max, Phillips, Michael Robert, Piel, Frédéric B, Pillay, Julian David, Plass, Dietrich, Polinder, Suzanne, Pond, Constance D, Pope, C Arden, Pope, Daniel, Popova, Svetlana, Poulton, Richie G, Pourmalek, Farshad, Prasad, Noela M, Qorbani, Mostafa, Rabiee, Rynaz H S, Radfar, Amir, Rafay, Anwar, Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa, Rahman, Mahfuzar, Rahman, Mohammad Hifz Ur, Rahman, Sajjad Ur, Rai, Rajesh Kumar, Rajsic, Sasa, Raju, Murugesan, Ram, Usha, Rana, Saleem M, Ranganathan, Kavitha, Rao, Puja, García, Christian Aspacia Razo, Refaat, Amany H, Rehm, Colin D, Rehm, Jürgen, Reinig, Nikolas, Remuzzi, Giuseppe, Resnikoff, Serge, Ribeiro, Antonio L, Rivera, Juan A, Roba, Hirbo Shore, Rodriguez, Alina, Rodriguez-Ramirez, Sonia, Rojas-Rueda, David, Roman, Yesenia, Ronfani, Luca, Roshandel, Gholamreza, Rothenbacher, Dietrich, Roy, Ambuj, Saleh, Muhammad Muhammad, Sanabria, Juan R, Sanchez-Riera, Lidia, Sanchez-Niño, Maria Dolores, Sánchez-Pimienta, Tania G, Sandar, Logan, Santomauro, Damian F, Santos, Itamar S, Sarmiento-Suarez, Rodrigo, Sartorius, Benn, Satpathy, Maheswar, Savic, Miloje, Sawhney, Monika, Schmidhuber, Josef, Schmidt, Maria Inês, Schneider, Ione J C, Schöttker, Ben, Schutte, Aletta E, Schwebel, David C, Scott, James G, Seedat, Soraya, Sepanlou, Sadaf G, Servan-Mori, Edson E, Shaddick, Gavin, Shaheen, Amira, Shahraz, Saeid, Shaikh, Masood Ali, Levy, Teresa Shamah, Sharma, Rajesh, She, Jun, Sheikhbahaei, Sara, Shen, Jiabin, Sheth, Kevin N, Shi, Peilin, Shibuya, Kenji, Shigematsu, Mika, Shin, Min-Jeong, Shiri, Rahman, Shishani, Kawkab, Shiue, Ivy, Shrime, Mark G, Sigfusdottir, Inga Dora, Silva, Diego Augusto Santos, Silveira, Dayane Gabriele Alves, Silverberg, Jonathan I, Simard, Edgar P, Sindi, Shireen, Singh, Abhishek, Singh, Jasvinder A, Singh, Prashant Kumar, Slepak, Erica Leigh, Soljak, Michael, Soneji, Samir, Sorensen, Reed J D, Sposato, Luciano A, Sreeramareddy, Chandrashekhar T, Stathopoulou, Vasiliki, Steckling, Nadine, Steel, Nicholas, Stein, Dan J, Stein, Murray B, Stöckl, Heidi, Stranges, Saverio, Stroumpoulis, Konstantinos, Sunguya, Bruno F, Swaminathan, Soumya, Sykes, Bryan L, Szoeke, Cassandra E I, Tabarés-Seisdedos, Rafael, Takahashi, Ken, Talongwa, Roberto Tchio, Tandon, Nikhil, Tanne, David, Tavakkoli, Mohammad, Taye, Belaynew Wasie, Taylor, Hugh R, Tedla, Bemnet Amare, Tefera, Worku Mekonnen, Tegegne, Teketo Kassaw, Tekle, Dejen Yemane, Terkawi, Abdullah Sulieman, Thakur, J S, Thomas, Bernadette A, Thomas, Matthew Lloyd, Thomson, Alan J, Thorne-Lyman, Andrew L, Thrift, Amanda G, Thurston, George D, Tillmann, Taavi, Tobe-Gai, Ruoyan, Tobollik, Myriam, Topor-Madry, Roman, Topouzis, Fotis, Towbin, Jeffrey Allen, Tran, Bach Xuan, Dimbuene, Zacharie Tsala, Tsilimparis, Nikolaos, Tura, Abera Kenay, Tuzcu, Emin Murat, Tyrovolas, Stefanos, Ukwaja, Kingsley N, Undurraga, Eduardo A, Uneke, Chigozie Jesse, Uthman, Olalekan A, van Donkelaar, Aaron, van Os, Jim, Varakin, Yuri Y, Vasankari, Tommi, Veerman, J Lennert, Venketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy, Violante, Francesco S, Vollset, Stein Emil, Wagner, Gregory R, Waller, Stephen G, Wang, Jian Li, Wang, Linhong, Wang, Yanping, Weichenthal, Scott, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Weintraub, Robert G, Werdecker, Andrea, Westerman, Ronny, Whiteford, Harvey A, Wijeratne, Tissa, Wiysonge, Charles Shey, Wolfe, Charles D A, Won, Sungho, Woolf, Anthony D, Wubshet, Mamo, Xavier, Denis, Xu, Gelin, Yadav, Ajit Kumar, Yakob, Bereket, Yalew, Ayalnesh Zemene, Yano, Yuichiro, Yaseri, Mehdi, Ye, Pengpeng, Yip, Paul, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Yoon, Seok-Jun, Younis, Mustafa Z, Yu, Chuanhua, Zaidi, Zoubida, Zaki, Maysaa El Sayed, Zhu, Jun, Zipkin, Ben, Zodpey, Sanjay, Zuhlke, Liesl Joanna, and Murray, Christopher J L
Published: 2016
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6. Global, regional, and national disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 315 diseases and injuries and healthy life expectancy (HALE), 1990–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015

Author: Kassebaum, Nicholas J, Arora, Megha, Barber, Ryan M, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A, Brown, Jonathan, Carter, Austin, Casey, Daniel C, Charlson, Fiona J, Coates, Matthew M, Coggeshall, Megan, Cornaby, Leslie, Dandona, Lalit, Dicker, Daniel J, Erskine, Holly E, Ferrari, Alize J, Fitzmaurice, Christina, Foreman, Kyle, Forouzanfar, Mohammad H, Fullman, Nancy, Gething, Peter W, Goldberg, Ellen M, Graetz, Nicholas, Haagsma, Juanita A, Hay, Simon I, Johnson, Catherine O, Kemmer, Laura, Khalil, Ibrahim A, Kinfu, Yohannes, Kutz, Michael J, Kyu, Hmwe H, Leung, Janni, Liang, Xiaofeng, Lim, Stephen S, Lozano, Rafael, Mensah, George A, Mikesell, Joe, Mokdad, Ali H, Mooney, Meghan D, Naghavi, Mohsen, Nguyen, Grant, Nsoesie, Elaine, Pigott, David M, Pinho, Christine, Rankin, Zane, Reinig, Nikolas, Salomon, Joshua A, Sandar, Logan, Smith, Alison, Sorensen, Reed J D, Stanaway, Jeffrey, Steiner, Caitlyn, Teeple, Stephanie, Troeger, Chris, Truelsen, Thomas, VanderZanden, Amelia, Wagner, Joseph A, Wanga, Valentine, Whiteford, Harvey A, Zhou, Maigeng, Zoeckler, Leo, Abajobir, Amanuel Alemu, Abate, Kalkidan Hassen, Abbafati, Cristiana, Abbas, Kaja M, Abd-Allah, Foad, Abraham, Biju, Abubakar, Ibrahim, Abu-Raddad, Laith J, Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen M E, Achoki, Tom, Ackerman, Ilana N, Adebiyi, Akindele Olupelumi, Adedeji, Isaac Akinkunmi, Adsuar, José C, Afanvi, Kossivi Agbelenko, Afshin, Ashkan, Agardh, Emilie Elisabet, Agarwal, Arnav, Agarwal, Sanjay Kumar, Ahmed, Muktar Beshir, Kiadaliri, Aliasghar Ahmad, Ahmadieh, Hamid, Akseer, Nadia, Al-Aly, Ziyad, Alam, Khurshid, Alam, Noore K M, Aldhahri, Saleh Fahed, Alegretti, Miguel Angel, Aleman, Alicia V, Alemu, Zewdie Aderaw, Alexander, Lily T, Ali, Raghib, Alkerwi, Ala'a, Alla, François, Allebeck, Peter, Allen, Christine, Alsharif, Ubai, Altirkawi, Khalid A, Martin, Elena Alvarez, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Amare, Azmeraw T, Amberbir, Alemayehu, Amegah, Adeladza Kofi, Amini, Heresh, Ammar, Walid, Amrock, Stephen Marc, Anderson, Gregory M, Anderson, Benjamin O, Antonio, Carl Abelardo T, Anwari, Palwasha, Ärnlöv, Johan, Arsenijevic, Valentina S Arsic, Artaman, Al, Asayesh, Hamid, Asghar, Rana Jawad, Avokpaho, Euripide Frinel G Arthur, Awasthi, Ashish, Quintanilla, Beatriz Paulina Ayala, Azzopardi, Peter, Bacha, Umar, Badawi, Alaa, Balakrishnan, Kalpana, Banerjee, Amitava, Barac, Aleksandra, Barker-Collo, Suzanne L, Bärnighausen, Till, Barregard, Lars, Barrero, Lope H, Basu, Sanjay, Bayou, Tigist Assefa, Beardsley, Justin, Bedi, Neeraj, Beghi, Ettore, Bell, Brent, Bell, Michelle L, Benjet, Corina, Bennett, Derrick A, Bensenor, Isabela M, Berhane, Adugnaw, Bernabé, Eduardo, Betsu, Balem Demtsu, Beyene, Addisu Shunu, Bhala, Neeraj, Bhansali, Anil, Bhatt, Samir, Biadgilign, Sibhatu, Bienhoff, Kelly, Bikbov, Boris, Abdulhak, Aref A Bin, Biryukov, Stan, Bisanzio, Donal, Bjertness, Espen, Blore, Jed D, Borschmann, Rohan, Boufous, Soufiane, Bourne, Rupert R A, Brainin, Michael, Brazinova, Alexandra, Breitborde, Nicholas J K, Brugha, Traolach S, Buchbinder, Rachelle, Buckle, Geoffrey Colin, Butt, Zahid A, Calabria, Bianca, Campos-Nonato, Ismael Ricardo, Campuzano, Julio Cesar, Carabin, Hélène, Carapetis, Jonathan R, Cárdenas, Rosario, Carrero, Juan Jesus, Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos A, Rivas, Jacqueline Castillo, Catalá-López, Ferrán, Cavalleri, Fiorella, Chang, Jung-Chen, Chiang, Peggy Pei-Chia, Chibalabala, Mirriam, Chibueze, Chioma Ezinne, Chisumpa, Vesper Hichilombwe, Choi, Jee-Young Jasmine, Choudhury, Lincoln, Christensen, Hanne, Ciobanu, Liliana G, Colistro, Valentina, Colomar, Mercedes, Colquhoun, Samantha M, Cortinovis, Monica, Crump, John A, Damasceno, Albertino, Dandona, Rakhi, Dargan, Paul I, das Neves, José, Davey, Gail, Davis, Adrian C, Leo, Diego De, Degenhardt, Louisa, Gobbo, Liana C Del, Derrett, Sarah, Jarlais, Don C Des, deVeber, Gabrielle A, Dharmaratne, Samath D, Dhillon, Preet K, Ding, Eric L, Doyle, Kerrie E, Driscoll, Tim R, Duan, Leilei, Dubey, Manisha, Duncan, Bruce Bartholow, Ebrahimi, Hedyeh, Ellenbogen, Richard G, Elyazar, Iqbal, Endries, Aman Yesuf, Ermakov, Sergey Petrovich, Eshrati, Babak, Esteghamati, Alireza, Estep, Kara, Fahimi, Saman, Farid, Talha A, Farinha, Carla Sofia e Sa, Faro, André, Farvid, Maryam S, Farzadfar, Farshad, Feigin, Valery L, Fereshtehnejad, Seyed-Mohammad, Fernandes, Jefferson G, Fernandes, Joao C, Fischer, Florian, Fitchett, Joseph R A, Foigt, Nataliya, Fowkes, F Gerry R, Franklin, Richard C, Friedman, Joseph, Frostad, Joseph, Fürst, Thomas, Futran, Neal D, Gabbe, Belinda, Gankpé, Fortuné Gbètoho, Garcia-Basteiro, Alberto L, Gebrehiwot, Tsegaye Tewelde, Gebremedhin, Amanuel Tesfay, Geleijnse, Johanna M, Gibney, Katherine B, Gillum, Richard F, Ginawi, Ibrahim Abdelmageem Mohamed, Giref, Ababi Zergaw, Giroud, Maurice, Gishu, Melkamu Dedefo, Giussani, Giorgia, Godwin, William W, Gomez-Dantes, Hector, Gona, Philimon, Goodridge, Amador, Gopalani, Sameer Vali, Gotay, Carolyn C, Goto, Atsushi, Gouda, Hebe N, Gugnani, Harish, Guo, Yuming, Gupta, Rahul, Gupta, Rajeev, Gupta, Vipin, Gutiérrez, Reyna A, Hafezi-Nejad, Nima, Haile, Demewoz, Hailu, Alemayehu Desalegne, Hailu, Gessessew Bugssa, Halasa, Yara A, Hamadeh, Randah Ribhi, Hamidi, Samer, Hammami, Mouhanad, Handal, Alexis J, Hankey, Graeme J, Harb, Hilda L, Harikrishnan, Sivadasanpillai, Haro, Josep Maria, Hassanvand, Mohammad Sadegh, Hassen, Tahir Ahmed, Havmoeller, Rasmus, Hay, Roderick J, Hedayati, Mohammad T, Heredia-Pi, Ileana Beatriz, Heydarpour, Pouria, Hoek, Hans W, Hoffman, Daniel J, Horino, Masako, Horita, Nobuyuki, Hosgood, H Dean, Hoy, Damian G, Hsairi, Mohamed, Huang, Hsiang, Huang, John J, Iburg, Kim Moesgaard, Idrisov, Bulat T, Innos, Kaire, Inoue, Manami, Jacobsen, Kathryn H, Jauregui, Alejandra, Jayatilleke, Achala Upendra, Jeemon, Panniyammakal, Jha, Vivekanand, Jiang, Guohong, Jiang, Ying, Jibat, Tariku, Jimenez-Corona, Aida, Jin, Ye, Jonas, Jost B, Kabir, Zubair, Kajungu, Dan K, Kalkonde, Yogeshwar, Kamal, Ritul, Kan, Haidong, Kandel, Amit, Karch, André, Karema, Corine Kakizi, Karimkhani, Chante, Kasaeian, Amir, Katibeh, Marzieh, Kaul, Anil, Kawakami, Norito, Kazi, Dhruv S, Keiyoro, Peter Njenga, Kemp, Andrew Haddon, Kengne, Andre Pascal, Keren, Andre, Kesavachandran, Chandrasekharan Nair, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Khan, Abdur Rahman, Khan, Ejaz Ahmad, Khang, Young-Ho, Khoja, Tawfik Ahmed Muthafer, Khubchandani, Jagdish, Kieling, Christian, Kim, Cho-il, Kim, Daniel, Kim, Yun Jin, Kissoon, Niranjan, Kivipelto, Miia, Knibbs, Luke D, Knudsen, Ann Kristin, Kokubo, Yoshihiro, Kolte, Dhaval, Kopec, Jacek A, Koul, Parvaiz A, Koyanagi, Ai, Defo, Barthelemy Kuate, Kuchenbecker, Ricardo S, Bicer, Burcu Kucuk, Kuipers, Ernst J, Kumar, G Anil, Kwan, Gene F, Lalloo, Ratilal, Lallukka, Tea, Larsson, Anders, Latif, Asma Abdul, Lavados, Pablo M, Lawrynowicz, Alicia Elena Beatriz, Leasher, Janet L, Leigh, James, Leung, Ricky, Li, Yichong, Li, Yongmei, Lipshultz, Steven E, Liu, Patrick Y, Liu, Yang, Lloyd, Belinda K, Logroscino, Giancarlo, Looker, Katharine J, Lotufo, Paulo A, Lucas, Robyn M, Lunevicius, Raimundas, Lyons, Ronan A, Razek, Hassan Magdy Abd El, Mahdavi, Mahdi, Majdan, Marek, Majeed, Azeem, Malekzadeh, Reza, Malta, Deborah Carvalho, Marcenes, Wagner, Martinez-Raga, Jose, Masiye, Felix, Mason-Jones, Amanda J, Matzopoulos, Richard, Mayosi, Bongani M, McGrath, John J, McKee, Martin, Meaney, Peter A, Mehari, Alem, Melaku, Yohannes Adama, Memiah, Peter, Memish, Ziad A, Mendoza, Walter, Meretoja, Atte, Meretoja, Tuomo J, Mesfin, Yonatan Moges, Mhimbira, Francis Apolinary, Millear, Anoushka, Miller, Ted R, Mills, Edward J, Mirarefin, Mojde, Mirrakhimov, Erkin M, Mitchell, Philip B, Mock, Charles N, Mohammad, Karzan Abdulmuhsin, Mohammadi, Alireza, Mohammed, Shafiu, Monasta, Lorenzo, Hernandez, Julio Cesar Montañez, Montico, Marcella, Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar, Mori, Rintaro, Mueller, Ulrich O, Mumford, John Everett, Murdoch, Michele E, Murthy, Gudlavalleti Venkata Satyanarayana, Nachega, Jean B, Naheed, Aliya, Naldi, Luigi, Nangia, Vinay, Newton, John N, Ng, Marie, Ngalesoni, Frida Namnyak, Nguyen, Quyen Le, Nisar, Muhammad Imran, Pete, Patrick Martial Nkamedjie, Nolla, Joan M, Norheim, Ole F, Norman, Rosana E, Norrving, Bo, Obermeyer, Carla Makhlouf, Ogbo, Felix Akpojene, Oh, In-Hwan, Oladimeji, Olanrewaju, Olivares, Pedro R, Olusanya, Bolajoko Olubukunola, Olusanya, Jacob Olusegun, Oren, Eyal, Ortiz, Alberto, Ota, Erika, Oyekale, Abayomi Samuel, PA, Mahesh, Park, Eun-Kee, Parsaeian, Mahboubeh, Patten, Scott B, Patton, George C, Pedro, João Mário, Pereira, David M, Perico, Norberto, Pesudovs, Konrad, Petzold, Max, Phillips, Michael Robert, Piel, Frédéric B, Pillay, Julian David, Pishgar, Farhad, Plass, Dietrich, Polinder, Suzanne, Popova, Svetlana, Poulton, Richie G, Pourmalek, Farshad, Prasad, Noela M, Qorbani, Mostafa, Rabiee, Rynaz H S, Radfar, Amir, Rafay, Anwar, Rahimi, Kazem, Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa, Rahman, Mahfuzar, Rahman, Mohammad Hifz Ur, Rahman, Sajjad Ur, Rai, Dheeraj, Rai, Rajesh Kumar, Rajsic, Sasa, Raju, Murugesan, Ram, Usha, Ranganathan, Kavitha, Refaat, Amany H, Reitsma, Marissa B, Remuzzi, Giuseppe, Resnikoff, Serge, Reynolds, Alex, Ribeiro, Antonio L, Ricci, Stefano, Roba, Hirbo Shore, Rojas-Rueda, David, Ronfani, Luca, Roshandel, Gholamreza, Roth, Gregory A, Roy, Ambuj, Sackey, Ben Benasco, Sagar, Rajesh, Sanabria, Juan R, Sanchez-Niño, Maria Dolores, Santos, Itamar S, Santos, João Vasco, Sarmiento-Suarez, Rodrigo, Sartorius, Benn, Satpathy, Maheswar, Savic, Miloje, Sawhney, Monika, Schmidt, Maria Inês, Schneider, Ione J C, Schutte, Aletta E, Schwebel, David C, Seedat, Soraya, Sepanlou, Sadaf G, Servan-Mori, Edson E, Shahraz, Saeid, Shaikh, Masood Ali, Sharma, Rajesh, She, Jun, Sheikhbahaei, Sara, Shen, Jiabin, Sheth, Kevin N, Shibuya, Kenji, Shigematsu, Mika, Shin, Min-Jeong, Shiri, Rahman, Sigfusdottir, Inga Dora, Silva, Diego Augusto Santos, Silverberg, Jonathan I, Simard, Edgar P, Singh, Abhishek, Singh, Jasvinder A, Singh, Prashant Kumar, Skirbekk, Vegard, Skogen, Jens Christoffer, Soljak, Michael, Søreide, Kjetil, Sreeramareddy, Chandrashekhar T, Stathopoulou, Vasiliki, Steel, Nicholas, Stein, Dan J, Stein, Murray B, Steiner, Timothy J, Stovner, Lars Jacob, Stranges, Saverio, Stroumpoulis, Konstantinos, Sunguya, Bruno F, Sur, Patrick J, Swaminathan, Soumya, Sykes, Bryan L, Szoeke, Cassandra E I, Tabarés-Seisdedos, Rafael, Tandon, Nikhil, Tanne, David, Tavakkoli, Mohammad, Taye, Bineyam, Taylor, Hugh R, Ao, Braden J Te, Tegegne, Teketo Kassaw, Tekle, Dejen Yemane, Terkawi, Abdullah Sulieman, Tessema, Gizachew Assefa, Thakur, J S, Thomson, Alan J, Thorne-Lyman, Andrew L, Thrift, Amanda G, Thurston, George D, Tobe-Gai, Ruoyan, Tonelli, Marcello, Topor-Madry, Roman, Topouzis, Fotis, Tran, Bach Xuan, Dimbuene, Zacharie Tsala, Tsilimbaris, Miltiadis, Tura, Abera Kenay, Tuzcu, Emin Murat, Tyrovolas, Stefanos, Ukwaja, Kingsley N, Undurraga, Eduardo A, Uneke, Chigozie Jesse, Uthman, Olalekan A, van Gool, Coen H, van Os, Jim, Vasankari, Tommi, Vasconcelos, Ana Maria Nogales, Venketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy, Violante, Francesco S, Vlassov, Vasiliy Victorovich, Vollset, Stein Emil, Wagner, Gregory R, Wallin, Mitchell T, Wang, Linhong, Weichenthal, Scott, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Weintraub, Robert G, Werdecker, Andrea, Westerman, Ronny, Wijeratne, Tissa, Wilkinson, James D, Williams, Hywel C, Wiysonge, Charles Shey, Woldeyohannes, Solomon Meseret, Wolfe, Charles D A, Won, Sungho, Xu, Gelin, Yadav, Ajit Kumar, Yakob, Bereket, Yan, Lijing L, Yano, Yuichiro, Yaseri, Mehdi, Ye, Pengpeng, Yip, Paul, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Yoon, Seok-Jun, Younis, Mustafa Z, Yu, Chuanhua, Zaidi, Zoubida, Zaki, Maysaa El Sayed, Zeeb, Hajo, Zodpey, Sanjay, Zonies, David, Zuhlke, Liesl Joanna, Vos, Theo, Lopez, Alan D, and Murray, Christopher J L
Published: 2016
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7. Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 79 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks in 188 countries, 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013

Author: Forouzanfar, Mohammad H, Alexander, Lily, Anderson, H Ross, Bachman, Victoria F, Biryukov, Stan, Brauer, Michael, Burnett, Richard, Casey, Daniel, Coates, Matthew M, Cohen, Aaron, Delwiche, Kristen, Estep, Kara, Frostad, Joseph J, KC, Astha, Kyu, Hmwe H, Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar, Ng, Marie, Slepak, Erica Leigh, Thomas, Bernadette A, Wagner, Joseph, Aasvang, Gunn Marit, Abbafati, Cristiana, Ozgoren, Ayse Abbasoglu, Abd-Allah, Foad, Abera, Semaw F, Aboyans, Victor, Abraham, Biju, Abraham, Jerry Puthenpurakal, Abubakar, Ibrahim, Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen M E, Aburto, Tania C, Achoki, Tom, Adelekan, Ademola, Adofo, Koranteng, Adou, Arsène K, Adsuar, José C, Afshin, Ashkan, Agardh, Emilie E, Al Khabouri, Mazin J, Al Lami, Faris H, Alam, Sayed Saidul, Alasfoor, Deena, Albittar, Mohammed I, Alegretti, Miguel A, Aleman, Alicia V, Alemu, Zewdie A, Alfonso-Cristancho, Rafael, Alhabib, Samia, Ali, Raghib, Ali, Mohammed K, Alla, François, Allebeck, Peter, Allen, Peter J, Alsharif, Ubai, Alvarez, Elena, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Amankwaa, Adansi A, Amare, Azmeraw T, Ameh, Emmanuel A, Ameli, Omid, Amini, Heresh, Ammar, Walid, Anderson, Benjamin O, Antonio, Carl Abelardo T, Anwari, Palwasha, Cunningham, Solveig Argeseanu, Arnlöv, Johan, Arsenijevic, Valentina S Arsic, Artaman, Al, Asghar, Rana J, Assadi, Reza, Atkins, Lydia S, Atkinson, Charles, Avila, Marco A, Awuah, Baffour, Badawi, Alaa, Bahit, Maria C, Bakfalouni, Talal, Balakrishnan, Kalpana, Balalla, Shivanthi, Balu, Ravi Kumar, Banerjee, Amitava, Barber, Ryan M, Barker-Collo, Suzanne L, Barquera, Simon, Barregard, Lars, Barrero, Lope H, Barrientos-Gutierrez, Tonatiuh, Basto-Abreu, Ana C, Basu, Arindam, Basu, Sanjay, Basulaiman, Mohammed O, Ruvalcaba, Carolina Batis, Beardsley, Justin, Bedi, Neeraj, Bekele, Tolesa, Bell, Michelle L, Benjet, Corina, Bennett, Derrick A, Benzian, Habib, Bernabé, Eduardo, Beyene, Tariku J, Bhala, Neeraj, Bhalla, Ashish, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A, Bikbov, Boris, Abdulhak, Aref A Bin, Blore, Jed D, Blyth, Fiona M, Bohensky, Megan A, Başara, Berrak Bora, Borges, Guilherme, Bornstein, Natan M, Bose, Dipan, Boufous, Soufiane, Bourne, Rupert R, Brainin, Michael, Brazinova, Alexandra, Breitborde, Nicholas J, Brenner, Hermann, Briggs, Adam D M, Broday, David M, Brooks, Peter M, Bruce, Nigel G, Brugha, Traolach S, Brunekreef, Bert, Buchbinder, Rachelle, Bui, Linh N, Bukhman, Gene, Bulloch, Andrew G, Burch, Michael, Burney, Peter G J, Campos-Nonato, Ismael R, Campuzano, Julio C, Cantoral, Alejandra J, Caravanos, Jack, Cárdenas, Rosario, Cardis, Elisabeth, Carpenter, David O, Caso, Valeria, Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos A, Castro, Ruben E, Catalá-López, Ferrán, Cavalleri, Fiorella, Çavlin, Alanur, Chadha, Vineet K, Chang, Jung-chen, Charlson, Fiona J, Chen, Honglei, Chen, Wanqing, Chen, Zhengming, Chiang, Peggy P, Chimed-Ochir, Odgerel, Chowdhury, Rajiv, Christophi, Costas A, Chuang, Ting-Wu, Chugh, Sumeet S, Cirillo, Massimo, Claßen, Thomas KD, Colistro, Valentina, Colomar, Mercedes, Colquhoun, Samantha M, Contreras, Alejandra G, Cooper, Cyrus, Cooperrider, Kimberly, Cooper, Leslie T, Coresh, Josef, Courville, Karen J, Criqui, Michael H, Cuevas-Nasu, Lucia, Damsere-Derry, James, Danawi, Hadi, Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, Dargan, Paul I, Davis, Adrian, Davitoiu, Dragos V, Dayama, Anand, de Castro, E Filipa, De la Cruz-Góngora, Vanessa, De Leo, Diego, de Lima, Graça, Degenhardt, Louisa, del Pozo-Cruz, Borja, Dellavalle, Robert P, Deribe, Kebede, Derrett, Sarah, Jarlais, Don C Des, Dessalegn, Muluken, deVeber, Gabrielle A, Devries, Karen M, Dharmaratne, Samath D, Dherani, Mukesh K, Dicker, Daniel, Ding, Eric L, Dokova, Klara, Dorsey, E Ray, Driscoll, Tim R, Duan, Leilei, Durrani, Adnan M, Ebel, Beth E, Ellenbogen, Richard G, Elshrek, Yousef M, Endres, Matthias, Ermakov, Sergey P, Erskine, Holly E, Eshrati, Babak, Esteghamati, Alireza, Fahimi, Saman, Faraon, Emerito Jose A, Farzadfar, Farshad, Fay, Derek F J, Feigin, Valery L, Feigl, Andrea B, Fereshtehnejad, Seyed-Mohammad, Ferrari, Alize J, Ferri, Cleusa P, Flaxman, Abraham D, Fleming, Thomas D, Foigt, Nataliya, Foreman, Kyle J, Paleo, Urbano Fra, Franklin, Richard C, Gabbe, Belinda, Gaffikin, Lynne, Gakidou, Emmanuela, Gamkrelidze, Amiran, Gankpé, Fortuné G, Gansevoort, Ron T, García-Guerra, Francisco A, Gasana, Evariste, Geleijnse, Johanna M, Gessner, Bradford D, Gething, Pete, Gibney, Katherine B, Gillum, Richard F, Ginawi, Ibrahim A M, Giroud, Maurice, Giussani, Giorgia, Goenka, Shifalika, Goginashvili, Ketevan, Dantes, Hector Gomez, Gona, Philimon, de Cosio, Teresita Gonzalez, González-Castell, Dinorah, Gotay, Carolyn C, Goto, Atsushi, Gouda, Hebe N, Guerrant, Richard L, Gugnani, Harish C, Guillemin, Francis, Gunnell, David, Gupta, Rahul, Gupta, Rajeev, Gutiérrez, Reyna A, Hafezi-Nejad, Nima, Hagan, Holly, Hagstromer, Maria, Halasa, Yara A, Hamadeh, Randah R, Hammami, Mouhanad, Hankey, Graeme J, Hao, Yuantao, Harb, Hilda L, Haregu, Tilahun Nigatu, Haro, Josep Maria, Havmoeller, Rasmus, Hay, Simon I, Hedayati, Mohammad T, Heredia-Pi, Ileana B, Hernandez, Lucia, Heuton, Kyle R, Heydarpour, Pouria, Hijar, Martha, Hoek, Hans W, Hoffman, Howard J, Hornberger, John C, Hosgood, H Dean, Hoy, Damian G, Hsairi, Mohamed, Hu, Guoqing, Hu, Howard, Huang, Cheng, Huang, John J, Hubbell, Bryan J, Huiart, Laetitia, Husseini, Abdullatif, Iannarone, Marissa L, Iburg, Kim M, Idrisov, Bulat T, Ikeda, Nayu, Innos, Kaire, Inoue, Manami, Islami, Farhad, Ismayilova, Samaya, Jacobsen, Kathryn H, Jansen, Henrica A, Jarvis, Deborah L, Jassal, Simerjot K, Jauregui, Alejandra, Jayaraman, Sudha, Jeemon, Panniyammakal, Jensen, Paul N, Jha, Vivekanand, Jiang, Fan, Jiang, Guohong, Jiang, Ying, Jonas, Jost B, Juel, Knud, Kan, Haidong, Roseline, Sidibe S Kany, Karam, Nadim E, Karch, André, Karema, Corine K, Karthikeyan, Ganesan, Kaul, Anil, Kawakami, Norito, Kazi, Dhruv S, Kemp, Andrew H, Kengne, Andre P, Keren, Andre, Khader, Yousef S, Khalifa, Shams Eldin Ali Hassan, Khan, Ejaz A, Khang, Young-Ho, Khatibzadeh, Shahab, Khonelidze, Irma, Kieling, Christian, Kim, Daniel, Kim, Sungroul, Kim, Yunjin, Kimokoti, Ruth W, Kinfu, Yohannes, Kinge, Jonas M, Kissela, Brett M, Kivipelto, Miia, Knibbs, Luke D, Knudsen, Ann Kristin, Kokubo, Yoshihiro, Kose, M Rifat, Kosen, Soewarta, Kraemer, Alexander, Kravchenko, Michael, Krishnaswami, Sanjay, Kromhout, Hans, Ku, Tiffany, Defo, Barthelemy Kuate, Bicer, Burcu Kucuk, Kuipers, Ernst J, Kulkarni, Chanda, Kulkarni, Veena S, Kumar, G Anil, Kwan, Gene F, Lai, Taavi, Balaji, Arjun Lakshmana, Lalloo, Ratilal, Lallukka, Tea, Lam, Hilton, Lan, Qing, Lansingh, Van C, Larson, Heidi J, Larsson, Anders, Laryea, Dennis O, Lavados, Pablo M, Lawrynowicz, Alicia E, Leasher, Janet L, Lee, Jong-Tae, Leigh, James, Leung, Ricky, Levi, Miriam, Li, Yichong, Li, Yongmei, Liang, Juan, Liang, Xiaofeng, Lim, Stephen S, Lindsay, M Patrice, Lipshultz, Steven E, Liu, Shiwei, Liu, Yang, Lloyd, Belinda K, Logroscino, Giancarlo, London, Stephanie J, Lopez, Nancy, Lortet-Tieulent, Joannie, Lotufo, Paulo A, Lozano, Rafael, Lunevicius, Raimundas, Ma, Jixiang, Ma, Stefan, Machado, Vasco M P, MacIntyre, Michael F, Magis-Rodriguez, Carlos, Mahdi, Abbas A, Majdan, Marek, Malekzadeh, Reza, Mangalam, Srikanth, Mapoma, Christopher C, Marape, Marape, Marcenes, Wagner, Margolis, David J, Margono, Christopher, Marks, Guy B, Martin, Randall V, Marzan, Melvin B, Mashal, Mohammad T, Masiye, Felix, Mason-Jones, Amanda J, Matsushita, Kunihiro, Matzopoulos, Richard, Mayosi, Bongani M, Mazorodze, Tasara T, McKay, Abigail C, McKee, Martin, McLain, Abigail, Meaney, Peter A, Medina, Catalina, Mehndiratta, Man Mohan, Mejia-Rodriguez, Fabiola, Mekonnen, Wubegzier, Melaku, Yohannes A, Meltzer, Michele, Memish, Ziad A, Mendoza, Walter, Mensah, George A, Meretoja, Atte, Mhimbira, Francis Apolinary, Micha, Renata, Miller, Ted R, Mills, Edward J, Misganaw, Awoke, Mishra, Santosh, Ibrahim, Norlinah Mohamed, Mohammad, Karzan A, Mokdad, Ali H, Mola, Glen L, Monasta, Lorenzo, Hernandez, Julio C Montañez, Montico, Marcella, Moore, Ami R, Morawska, Lidia, Mori, Rintaro, Moschandreas, Joanna, Moturi, Wilkister N, Mozaffarian, Dariush, Mueller, Ulrich O, Mukaigawara, Mitsuru, Mullany, Erin C, Murthy, Kinnari S, Naghavi, Mohsen, Nahas, Ziad, Naheed, Aliya, Naidoo, Kovin S, Naldi, Luigi, Nand, Devina, Nangia, Vinay, Narayan, KM Venkat, Nash, Denis, Neal, Bruce, Nejjari, Chakib, Neupane, Sudan P, Newton, Charles R, Ngalesoni, Frida N, de Dieu Ngirabega, Jean, Nguyen, Grant, Nguyen, Nhung T, Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark J, Nisar, Muhammad I, Nogueira, José R, Nolla, Joan M, Nolte, Sandra, Norheim, Ole F, Norman, Rosana E, Norrving, Bo, Nyakarahuka, Luke, Oh, In-Hwan, Ohkubo, Takayoshi, Olusanya, Bolajoko O, Omer, Saad B, Opio, John Nelson, Orozco, Ricardo, Pagcatipunan, Rodolfo S, Jr., Pain, Amanda W, Pandian, Jeyaraj D, Panelo, Carlo Irwin A, Papachristou, Christina, Park, Eun-Kee, Parry, Charles D, Caicedo, Angel J Paternina, Patten, Scott B, Paul, Vinod K, Pavlin, Boris I, Pearce, Neil, Pedraza, Lilia S, Pedroza, Andrea, Stokic, Ljiljana Pejin, Pekericli, Ayfer, Pereira, David M, Perez-Padilla, Rogelio, Perez-Ruiz, Fernando, Perico, Norberto, Perry, Samuel A L, Pervaiz, Aslam, Pesudovs, Konrad, Peterson, Carrie B, Petzold, Max, Phillips, Michael R, Phua, Hwee Pin, Plass, Dietrich, Poenaru, Dan, Polanczyk, Guilherme V, Polinder, Suzanne, Pond, Constance D, Pope, C Arden, Pope, Daniel, Popova, Svetlana, Pourmalek, Farshad, Powles, John, Prabhakaran, Dorairaj, Prasad, Noela M, Qato, Dima M, Quezada, Amado D, Quistberg, D Alex A, Racapé, Lionel, Rafay, Anwar, Rahimi, Kazem, Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa, Rahman, Sajjad Ur, Raju, Murugesan, Rakovac, Ivo, Rana, Saleem M, Rao, Mayuree, Razavi, Homie, Reddy, K Srinath, Refaat, Amany H, Rehm, Jürgen, Remuzzi, Giuseppe, Ribeiro, Antonio L, Riccio, Patricia M, Richardson, Lee, Riederer, Anne, Robinson, Margaret, Roca, Anna, Rodriguez, Alina, Rojas-Rueda, David, Romieu, Isabelle, Ronfani, Luca, Room, Robin, Roy, Nobhojit, Ruhago, George M, Rushton, Lesley, Sabin, Nsanzimana, Sacco, Ralph L, Saha, Sukanta, Sahathevan, Ramesh, Sahraian, Mohammad Ali, Salomon, Joshua A, Salvo, Deborah, Sampson, Uchechukwu K, Sanabria, Juan R, Sanchez, Luz Maria, Sánchez-Pimienta, Tania G, Sanchez-Riera, Lidia, Sandar, Logan, Santos, Itamar S, Sapkota, Amir, Satpathy, Maheswar, Saunders, James E, Sawhney, Monika, Saylan, Mete I, Scarborough, Peter, Schmidt, Jürgen C, Schneider, Ione J C, Schöttker, Ben, Schwebel, David C, Scott, James G, Seedat, Soraya, Sepanlou, Sadaf G, Serdar, Berrin, Servan-Mori, Edson E, Shaddick, Gavin, Shahraz, Saeid, Levy, Teresa Shamah, Shangguan, Siyi, She, Jun, Sheikhbahaei, Sara, Shibuya, Kenji, Shin, Hwashin H, Shinohara, Yukito, Shiri, Rahman, Shishani, Kawkab, Shiue, Ivy, Sigfusdottir, Inga D, Silberberg, Donald H, Simard, Edgar P, Sindi, Shireen, Singh, Abhishek, Singh, Gitanjali M, Singh, Jasvinder A, Skirbekk, Vegard, Sliwa, Karen, Soljak, Michael, Soneji, Samir, Søreide, Kjetil, Soshnikov, Sergey, Sposato, Luciano A, Sreeramareddy, Chandrashekhar T, Stapelberg, Nicolas J C, Stathopoulou, Vasiliki, Steckling, Nadine, Stein, Dan J, Stein, Murray B, Stephens, Natalie, Stöckl, Heidi, Straif, Kurt, Stroumpoulis, Konstantinos, Sturua, Lela, Sunguya, Bruno F, Swaminathan, Soumya, Swaroop, Mamta, Sykes, Bryan L, Tabb, Karen M, Takahashi, Ken, Talongwa, Roberto T, Tandon, Nikhil, Tanne, David, Tanner, Marcel, Tavakkoli, Mohammad, Te Ao, Braden J, Teixeira, Carolina M, Téllez Rojo, Martha M, Terkawi, Abdullah S, Texcalac-Sangrador, José Luis, Thackway, Sarah V, Thomson, Blake, Thorne-Lyman, Andrew L, Thrift, Amanda G, Thurston, George D, Tillmann, Taavi, Tobollik, Myriam, Tonelli, Marcello, Topouzis, Fotis, Towbin, Jeffrey A, Toyoshima, Hideaki, Traebert, Jefferson, Tran, Bach X, Trasande, Leonardo, Trillini, Matias, Trujillo, Ulises, Dimbuene, Zacharie Tsala, Tsilimbaris, Miltiadis, Tuzcu, Emin Murat, Uchendu, Uche S, Ukwaja, Kingsley N, Uzun, Selen B, van de Vijver, Steven, Van Dingenen, Rita, van Gool, Coen H, van Os, Jim, Varakin, Yuri Y, Vasankari, Tommi J, Vasconcelos, Ana Maria N, Vavilala, Monica S, Veerman, Lennert J, Velasquez-Melendez, Gustavo, Venketasubramanian, N, Vijayakumar, Lakshmi, Villalpando, Salvador, Violante, Francesco S, Vlassov, Vasiliy Victorovich, Vollset, Stein Emil, Wagner, Gregory R, Waller, Stephen G, Wallin, Mitchell T, Wan, Xia, Wang, Haidong, Wang, JianLi, Wang, Linhong, Wang, Wenzhi, Wang, Yanping, Warouw, Tati S, Watts, Charlotte H, Weichenthal, Scott, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Weintraub, Robert G, Werdecker, Andrea, Wessells, K Ryan, Westerman, Ronny, Whiteford, Harvey A, Wilkinson, James D, Williams, Hywel C, Williams, Thomas N, Woldeyohannes, Solomon M, Wolfe, Charles D A, Wong, John Q, Woolf, Anthony D, Wright, Jonathan L, Wurtz, Brittany, Xu, Gelin, Yan, Lijing L, Yang, Gonghuan, Yano, Yuichiro, Ye, Pengpeng, Yenesew, Muluken, Yentür, Gökalp K, Yip, Paul, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Yoon, Seok-Jun, Younis, Mustafa Z, Younoussi, Zourkaleini, Yu, Chuanhua, Zaki, Maysaa E, Zhao, Yong, Zheng, Yingfeng, Zhou, Maigeng, Zhu, Jun, Zhu, Shankuan, Zou, Xiaonong, Zunt, Joseph R, Lopez, Alan D, Vos, Theo, and Murray, Christopher J
Published: 2015
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8. Global, regional, and national disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for 306 diseases and injuries and healthy life expectancy (HALE) for 188 countries, 1990–2013: quantifying the epidemiological transition

Author: Murray, Christopher J L, Barber, Ryan M, Foreman, Kyle J, Ozgoren, Ayse Abbasoglu, Abd-Allah, Foad, Abera, Semaw F, Aboyans, Victor, Abraham, Jerry P, Abubakar, Ibrahim, Abu-Raddad, Laith J, Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen M, Achoki, Tom, Ackerman, Ilana N, Ademi, Zanfina, Adou, Arsène K, Adsuar, José C, Afshin, Ashkan, Agardh, Emilie E, Alam, Sayed Saidul, Alasfoor, Deena, Albittar, Mohammed I, Alegretti, Miguel A, Alemu, Zewdie A, Alfonso-Cristancho, Rafael, Alhabib, Samia, Ali, Raghib, Alla, François, Allebeck, Peter, Almazroa, Mohammad A, Alsharif, Ubai, Alvarez, Elena, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Amare, Azmeraw T, Ameh, Emmanuel A, Amini, Heresh, Ammar, Walid, Anderson, H Ross, Anderson, Benjamin O, Antonio, Carl Abelardo T, Anwari, Palwasha, Arnlöv, Johan, Arsenijevic, Valentina S Arsic, Artaman, Al, Asghar, Rana J, Assadi, Reza, Atkins, Lydia S, Avila, Marco A, Awuah, Baffour, Bachman, Victoria F, Badawi, Alaa, Bahit, Maria C, Balakrishnan, Kalpana, Banerjee, Amitava, Barker-Collo, Suzanne L, Barquera, Simon, Barregard, Lars, Barrero, Lope H, Basu, Arindam, Basu, Sanjay, Basulaiman, Mohammed O, Beardsley, Justin, Bedi, Neeraj, Beghi, Ettore, Bekele, Tolesa, Bell, Michelle L, Benjet, Corina, Bennett, Derrick A, Bensenor, Isabela M, Benzian, Habib, Bernabé, Eduardo, Bertozzi-Villa, Amelia, Beyene, Tariku J, Bhala, Neeraj, Bhalla, Ashish, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A, Bienhoff, Kelly, Bikbov, Boris, Biryukov, Stan, Blore, Jed D, Blosser, Christopher D, Blyth, Fiona M, Bohensky, Megan A, Bolliger, Ian W, Başara, Berrak Bora, Bornstein, Natan M, Bose, Dipan, Boufous, Soufiane, Bourne, Rupert R A, Boyers, Lindsay N, Brainin, Michael, Brayne, Carol E, Brazinova, Alexandra, Breitborde, Nicholas J K, Brenner, Hermann, Briggs, Adam D, Brooks, Peter M, Brown, Jonathan C, Brugha, Traolach S, Buchbinder, Rachelle, Buckle, Geoffrey C, Budke, Christine M, Bulchis, Anne, Bulloch, Andrew G, Campos-Nonato, Ismael R, Carabin, Hélène, Carapetis, Jonathan R, Cárdenas, Rosario, Carpenter, David O, Caso, Valeria, Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos A, Castro, Ruben E, Catalá-López, Ferrán, Cavalleri, Fiorella, Çavlin, Alanur, Chadha, Vineet K, Chang, Jung-Chen, Charlson, Fiona J, Chen, Honglei, Chen, Wanqing, Chiang, Peggy P, Chimed-Ochir, Odgerel, Chowdhury, Rajiv, Christensen, Hanne, Christophi, Costas A, Cirillo, Massimo, Coates, Matthew M, Coffeng, Luc E, Coggeshall, Megan S, Colistro, Valentina, Colquhoun, Samantha M, Cooke, Graham S, Cooper, Cyrus, Cooper, Leslie T, Coppola, Luis M, Cortinovis, Monica, Criqui, Michael H, Crump, John A, Cuevas-Nasu, Lucia, Danawi, Hadi, Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, Dansereau, Emily, Dargan, Paul I, Davey, Gail, Davis, Adrian, Davitoiu, Dragos V, Dayama, Anand, De Leo, Diego, Degenhardt, Louisa, Del Pozo-Cruz, Borja, Dellavalle, Robert P, Deribe, Kebede, Derrett, Sarah, Jarlais, Don C Des, Dessalegn, Muluken, Dharmaratne, Samath D, Dherani, Mukesh K, Diaz-Torné, Cesar, Dicker, Daniel, Ding, Eric L, Dokova, Klara, Dorsey, E Ray, Driscoll, Tim R, Duan, Leilei, Duber, Herbert C, Ebel, Beth E, Edmond, Karen M, Elshrek, Yousef M, Endres, Matthias, Ermakov, Sergey P, Erskine, Holly E, Eshrati, Babak, Esteghamati, Alireza, Estep, Kara, Faraon, Emerito Jose A, Farzadfar, Farshad, Fay, Derek F, Feigin, Valery L, Felson, David T, Fereshtehnejad, Seyed-Mohammad, Fernandes, Jefferson G, Ferrari, Alize J, Fitzmaurice, Christina, Flaxman, Abraham D, Fleming, Thomas D, Foigt, Nataliya, Forouzanfar, Mohammad H, Fowkes, F Gerry R, Paleo, Urbano Fra., Franklin, Richard C, Fürst, Thomas, Gabbe, Belinda, Gaffikin, Lynne, Gankpé, Fortuné G, Geleijnse, Johanna M, Gessner, Bradford D, Gething, Peter, Gibney, Katherine B, Giroud, Maurice, Giussani, Giorgia, Dantes, Hector Gomez, Gona, Philimon, González-Medina, Diego, Gosselin, Richard A, Gotay, Carolyn C, Goto, Atsushi, Gouda, Hebe N, Graetz, Nicholas, Gugnani, Harish C, Gupta, Rahul, Gupta, Rajeev, Gutiérrez, Reyna A, Haagsma, Juanita, Hafezi-Nejad, Nima, Hagan, Holly, Halasa, Yara A, Hamadeh, Randah R, Hamavid, Hannah, Hammami, Mouhanad, Hancock, Jamie, Hankey, Graeme J, Hansen, Gillian M, Hao, Yuantao, Harb, Hilda L, Haro, Josep Maria, Havmoeller, Rasmus, Hay, Simon I, Hay, Roderick J, Heredia-Pi, Ileana B, Heuton, Kyle R, Heydarpour, Pouria, Higashi, Hideki, Hijar, Martha, Hoek, Hans W, Hoffman, Howard J, Hosgood, H Dean, Hossain, Mazeda, Hotez, Peter J, Hoy, Damian G, Hsairi, Mohamed, Hu, Guoqing, Huang, Cheng, Huang, John J, Husseini, Abdullatif, Huynh, Chantal, Iannarone, Marissa L, Iburg, Kim M, Innos, Kaire, Inoue, Manami, Islami, Farhad, Jacobsen, Kathryn H, Jarvis, Deborah L, Jassal, Simerjot K, Jee, Sun Ha, Jeemon, Panniyammakal, Jensen, Paul N, Jha, Vivekanand, Jiang, Guohong, Jiang, Ying, Jonas, Jost B, Juel, Knud, Kan, Haidong, Karch, André, Karema, Corine K, Karimkhani, Chante, Karthikeyan, Ganesan, Kassebaum, Nicholas J, Kaul, Anil, Kawakami, Norito, Kazanjan, Konstantin, Kemp, Andrew H, Kengne, Andre P, Keren, Andre, Khader, Yousef S, Khalifa, Shams Eldin A, Khan, Ejaz A, Khan, Gulfaraz, Khang, Young-Ho, Kieling, Christian, Kim, Daniel, Kim, Sungroul, Kim, Yunjin, Kinfu, Yohannes, Kinge, Jonas M, Kivipelto, Miia, Knibbs, Luke D, Knudsen, Ann Kristin, Kokubo, Yoshihiro, Kosen, Soewarta, Krishnaswami, Sanjay, Defo, Barthelemy Kuate, Bicer, Burcu Kucuk, Kuipers, Ernst J, Kulkarni, Chanda, Kulkarni, Veena S, Kumar, G Anil, Kyu, Hmwe H, Lai, Taavi, Lalloo, Ratilal, Lallukka, Tea, Lam, Hilton, Lan, Qing, Lansingh, Van C, Larsson, Anders, Lawrynowicz, Alicia E B, Leasher, Janet L, Leigh, James, Leung, Ricky, Levitz, Carly E, Li, Bin, Li, Yichong, Li, Yongmei, Lim, Stephen S, Lind, Maggie, Lipshultz, Steven E, Liu, Shiwei, Liu, Yang, Lloyd, Belinda K, Lofgren, Katherine T, Logroscino, Giancarlo, Looker, Katharine J, Lortet-Tieulent, Joannie, Lotufo, Paulo A, Lozano, Rafael, Lucas, Robyn M, Lunevicius, Raimundas, Lyons, Ronan A, Ma, Stefan, Macintyre, Michael F, Mackay, Mark T, Majdan, Marek, Malekzadeh, Reza, Marcenes, Wagner, Margolis, David J, Margono, Christopher, Marzan, Melvin B, Masci, Joseph R, Mashal, Mohammad T, Matzopoulos, Richard, Mayosi, Bongani M, Mazorodze, Tasara T, Mcgill, Neil W, Mcgrath, John J, Mckee, Martin, Mclain, Abigail, Meaney, Peter A, Medina, Catalina, Mehndiratta, Man Mohan, Mekonnen, Wubegzier, Melaku, Yohannes A, Meltzer, Michele, Memish, Ziad A, Mensah, George A, Meretoja, Atte, Mhimbira, Francis A, Micha, Renata, Miller, Ted R, Mills, Edward J, Mitchell, Philip B, Mock, Charles N, Ibrahim, Norlinah Mohamed, Mohammad, Karzan A, Mokdad, Ali H, Mola, Glen L D, Monasta, Lorenzo, Hernandez, Julio C Montañez, Montico, Marcella, Montine, Thomas J, Mooney, Meghan D, Moore, Ami R, Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar, Moran, Andrew E, Mori, Rintaro, Moschandreas, Joanna, Moturi, Wilkister N, Moyer, Madeline L, Mozaffarian, Dariush, Msemburi, William T, Mueller, Ulrich O, Mukaigawara, Mitsuru, Mullany, Erin C, Murdoch, Michele E, Murray, Joseph, Murthy, Kinnari S, Naghavi, Mohsen, Naheed, Aliya, Naidoo, Kovin S, Naldi, Luigi, Nand, Devina, Nangia, Vinay, Narayan, K M Venkat, Nejjari, Chakib, Neupane, Sudan P, Newton, Charles R, Ng, Marie, Ngalesoni, Frida N, Nguyen, Grant, Nisar, Muhammad I, Nolte, Sandra, Norheim, Ole F, Norman, Rosana E, Norrving, Bo, Nyakarahuka, Luke, Oh, In-Hwan, Ohkubo, Takayoshi, Ohno, Summer L, Olusanya, Bolajoko O, Opio, John Nelson, Ortblad, Katrina, Ortiz, Alberto, Pain, Amanda W, Pandian, Jeyaraj D, Panelo, Carlo Irwin A, Papachristou, Christina, Park, Eun-Kee, Park, Jae-Hyun, Patten, Scott B, Patton, George C, Paul, Vinod K, Pavlin, Boris I, Pearce, Neil, Pereira, David M, Perez-Padilla, Rogelio, Perez-Ruiz, Fernando, Perico, Norberto, Pervaiz, Aslam, Pesudovs, Konrad, Peterson, Carrie B, Petzold, Max, Phillips, Michael R, Phillips, Bryan K, Phillips, David E, Piel, Frédéric B, Plass, Dietrich, Poenaru, Dan, Polinder, Suzanne, Pope, Daniel, Popova, Svetlana, Poulton, Richie G, Pourmalek, Farshad, Prabhakaran, Dorairaj, Prasad, Noela M, Pullan, Rachel L, Qato, Dima M, Quistberg, D Alex, Rafay, Anwar, Rahimi, Kazem, Rahman, Sajjad U, Raju, Murugesan, Rana, Saleem M, Razavi, Homie, Reddy, K Srinath, Refaat, Amany, Remuzzi, Giuseppe, Resnikoff, Serge, Ribeiro, Antonio L, Richardson, Lee, Richardus, Jan Hendrik, Roberts, D Allen, Rojas-Rueda, David, Ronfani, Luca, Roth, Gregory A, Rothenbacher, Dietrich, Rothstein, David H, Rowley, Jane T, Roy, Nobhojit, Ruhago, George M, Saeedi, Mohammad Y, Saha, Sukanta, Sahraian, Mohammad Ali, Sampson, Uchechukwu K A, Sanabria, Juan R, Sandar, Logan, Santos, Itamar S, Satpathy, Maheswar, Sawhney, Monika, Scarborough, Peter, Schneider, Ione J, Schöttker, Ben, Schumacher, Austin E, Schwebel, David C, Scott, James G, Seedat, Soraya, Sepanlou, Sadaf G, Serina, Peter T, Servan-Mori, Edson E, Shackelford, Katya A, Shaheen, Amira, Shahraz, Saeid, Levy, Teresa Shamah, Shangguan, Siyi, She, Jun, Sheikhbahaei, Sara, Shi, Peilin, Shibuya, Kenji, Shinohara, Yukito, Shiri, Rahman, Shishani, Kawkab, Shiue, Ivy, Shrime, Mark G, Sigfusdottir, Inga D, Silberberg, Donald H, Simard, Edgar P, Sindi, Shireen, Singh, Abhishek, Singh, Jasvinder A, Singh, Lavanya, Skirbekk, Vegard, Slepak, Erica Leigh, Sliwa, Karen, Soneji, Samir, Søreide, Kjetil, Soshnikov, Sergey, Sposato, Luciano A, Sreeramareddy, Chandrashekhar T, Stanaway, Jeffrey D, Stathopoulou, Vasiliki, Stein, Dan J, Stein, Murray B, Steiner, Caitlyn, Steiner, Timothy J, Stevens, Antony, Stewart, Andrea, Stovner, Lars J, Stroumpoulis, Konstantinos, Sunguya, Bruno F, Swaminathan, Soumya, Swaroop, Mamta, Sykes, Bryan L, Tabb, Karen M, Takahashi, Ken, Tandon, Nikhil, Tanne, David, Tanner, Marcel, Tavakkoli, Mohammad, Taylor, Hugh R, Ao, Braden J Te, Tediosi, Fabrizio, Temesgen, Awoke M, Templin, Tara, Ten Have, Margreet, Tenkorang, Eric Y, Terkawi, Abdullah S, Thomson, Blake, Thorne-Lyman, Andrew L, Thrift, Amanda G, Thurston, George D, Tillmann, Taavi, Tonelli, Marcello, Topouzis, Fotis, Toyoshima, Hideaki, Traebert, Jefferson, Tran, Bach X, Trillini, Matias, Truelsen, Thomas, Tsilimbaris, Miltiadis, Tuzcu, Emin M, Uchendu, Uche S, Ukwaja, Kingsley N, Undurraga, Eduardo A, Uzun, Selen B, Van Brakel, Wim H, Van De Vijver, Steven, van Gool, Coen H, Van Os, Jim, Vasankari, Tommi J, Venketasubramanian, N, Violante, Francesco S, Vlassov, Vasiliy V, Vollset, Stein Emil, Wagner, Gregory R, Wagner, Joseph, Waller, Stephen G, Wan, Xia, Wang, Haidong, Wang, Jianli, Wang, Linhong, Warouw, Tati S, Weichenthal, Scott, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Weintraub, Robert G, Wenzhi, Wang, Werdecker, Andrea, Westerman, Ronny, Whiteford, Harvey A, Wilkinson, James D, Williams, Thomas N, Wolfe, Charles D, Wolock, Timothy M, Woolf, Anthony D, Wulf, Sarah, Wurtz, Brittany, Xu, Gelin, Yan, Lijing L, Yano, Yuichiro, Ye, Pengpeng, Yentür, Gökalp K, Yip, Paul, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Yoon, Seok-Jun, Younis, Mustafa Z, Yu, Chuanhua, Zaki, Maysaa E, Zhao, Yong, Zheng, Yingfeng, Zonies, David, Zou, Xiaonong, Salomon, Joshua A, Lopez, Alan D, and Vos, Theo
Published: 2015
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9. Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 301 acute and chronic diseases and injuries in 188 countries, 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013

Author: Vos, Theo, Barber, Ryan M, Bell, Brad, Bertozzi-Villa, Amelia, Biryukov, Stan, Bolliger, Ian, Charlson, Fiona, Davis, Adrian, Degenhardt, Louisa, Dicker, Daniel, Duan, Leilei, Erskine, Holly, Feigin, Valery L, Ferrari, Alize J, Fitzmaurice, Christina, Fleming, Thomas, Graetz, Nicholas, Guinovart, Caterina, Haagsma, Juanita, Hansen, Gillian M, Hanson, Sarah Wulf, Heuton, Kyle R, Higashi, Hideki, Kassebaum, Nicholas, Kyu, Hmwe, Laurie, Evan, Liang, Xiofeng, Lofgren, Katherine, Lozano, Rafael, MacIntyre, Michael F, Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar, Naghavi, Mohsen, Nguyen, Grant, Odell, Shaun, Ortblad, Katrina, Roberts, David Allen, Roth, Gregory A, Sandar, Logan, Serina, Peter T, Stanaway, Jeffrey D, Steiner, Caitlyn, Thomas, Bernadette, Vollset, Stein Emil, Whiteford, Harvey, Wolock, Timothy M, Ye, Pengpeng, Zhou, Maigeng, Ãvila, Marco A, Aasvang, Gunn Marit, Abbafati, Cristiana, Ozgoren, Ayse Abbasoglu, Abd-Allah, Foad, Aziz, Muna I Abdel, Abera, Semaw F, Aboyans, Victor, Abraham, Jerry P, Abraham, Biju, Abubakar, Ibrahim, Abu-Raddad, Laith J, Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen ME, Aburto, Tania C, Achoki, Tom, Ackerman, Ilana N, Adelekan, Ademola, Ademi, Zanfina, Adou, Arsène K, Adsuar, Josef C, Arnlov, Johan, Agardh, Emilie E, Al Khabouri, Mazin J, Alam, Sayed Saidul, Alasfoor, Deena, Albittar, Mohammed I, Alegretti, Miguel A, Aleman, Alicia V, Alemu, Zewdie A, Alfonso-Cristancho, Rafael, Alhabib, Samia, Ali, Raghib, Alla, Francois, Allebeck, Peter, Allen, Peter J, AlMazroa, Mohammad AbdulAziz, Alsharif, Ubai, Alvarez, Elena, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Ameli, Omid, Amini, Heresh, Ammar, Walid, Anderson, Benjamin O, Anderson, H. Ross, Antonio, Carl Abelardo T, Anwari, Palwasha, Apfel, Henry, Arsenijevic, Valentain S Arsic, Artaman, Al, Asghar, Rana J, Assadi, Reza, Atkins, Lydia S, Atkinson, Charles, Badawi, Alaa, Bahit, Maria C, Bakfalouni, Talal, Balakrishnan, Kalpana, Balalla, Shivanthi, Banerjee, Amitava, Barker-Collo, Suzanne L, Barquera, Simon, Barregard, Lars, Barrero, Lope H, Basu, Sanjay, Basu, Arindam, Baxter, Amanda, Beardsley, Justin, Bedi, Neeraj, Beghi, Ettore, Bekele, Tolesa, Bell, Michelle L, Benjet, Corina, Bennett, Derrick A, Bensenor, Isabela M, Benzian, Habib, Bernabe, Eduardo, Beyene, Tariku J, Bhala, Neeraj, Bhalla, Ashish, Bhutta, Zulfiqar, Bienhoff, Kelly, Bikbov, Boris, Abdulhak, Aref Bin, Blore, Jed D, Blyth, Fiona M, Bohensky, Megan A, Basara, Berrak Bora, Borges, Guilherme, Bornstein, Natan M, Bose, Dipan, Boufous, Soufiane, Bourne, Rupert R, Boyers, Lindsay N, Brainin, Michael, Brauer, Michael, Brayne, Carol EG, Brazinova, Alexandra, Breitborde, Nicholas JK, Brenner, Hermann, Briggs, Adam DM, Brooks, Peter M, Brown, Jonathan, Brugha, Traolach S, Buchbinder, Rachelle, Buckle, Geoffrey C, Bukhman, Gene, Bulloch, Andrew G, Burch, Michael, Burnett, Richard, Cardenas, Rosario, Cabral, Norberto L, Nonato, Ismael R Campos, Campuzano, Julio C, Carapetis, Jonathan R, Carpenter, David O, Caso, Valeria, Castaneda-Orjuela, Carlos A, Catala-Lopez, Ferran, Chadha, Vineet K, Chang, Jung-Chen, Chen, Honglei, Chen, Wanqing, Chiang, Peggy P, Chimed-Ochir, Odgerel, Chowdhury, Rajiv, Christensen, Hanne, Christophi, Costas A, Chugh, Sumeet S, Cirillo, Massimo, Coggeshall, Megan, Cohen, Aaron, Colistro, Valentina, Colquhoun, Samantha M, Contreras, Alejandra G, Cooper, Leslie T, Cooper, Cyrus, Cooperrider, Kimberly, Coresh, Josef, Cortinovis, Monica, Criqui, Michael H, Crump, John A, Cuevas-Nasu, Lucia, Dandona, Rakhi, Dandona, Lalit, Dansereau, Emily, Dantes, Hector G, Dargan, Paul I, Davey, Gail, Davitoiu, Dragos V, Dayama, Anand, De la Cruz-Gongora, Vanessa, de la Vega, Shelley F, De Leo, Diego, del Pozo-Cruz, Borja, Dellavalle, Robert P, Deribe, Kebede, Derrett, Sarah, Des Jarlais, Don C, Dessalegn, Muluken, deVeber, Gabrielle A, Dharmaratne, Samath D, Diaz-Torne, Cesar, Ding, Eric L, Dokova, Klara, Dorsey, E R, Driscoll, Tim R, Duber, Herbert, Durrani, Adnan M, Edmond, Karen M, Ellenbogen, Richard G, Endres, Matthias, Ermakov, Sergey P, Eshrati, Babak, Esteghamati, Alireza, Estep, Kara, Fahimi, Saman, Farzadfar, Farshad, Fay, Derek FJ, Felson, David T, Fereshtehnejad, Seyed-Mohammad, Fernandes, Jefferson G, Ferri, Cluesa P, Flaxman, Abraham, Foigt, Nataliya, Foreman, Kyle J, Fowkes, F Gerry R, Franklin, Richard C, Furst, Thomas, Futran, Neal D, Gabbe, Belinda J, Gankpe, Fortune G, Garcia-Guerra, Francisco A, Geleijnse, Johanna M, Gessner, Bradford D, Gibney, Katherine B, Gillum, Richard F, Ginawi, Ibrahim A, Giroud, Maurice, Giussani, Giorgia, Goenka, Shifalika, Goginashvili, Ketevan, Gona, Philimon, de Cosio, Teresita Gonzalez, Gosselin, Richard A, Gotay, Carolyn C, Goto, Atsushi, Gouda, Hebe N, Guerrant, Richard l, Gugnani, Harish C, Gunnell, David, Gupta, Rajeev, Gupta, Rahul, Gutierrez, Reyna A, Hafezi-Nejad, Nima, Hagan, Holly, Halasa, Yara, Hamadeh, Randah R, Hamavid, Hannah, Hammami, Mouhanad, Hankey, Graeme J, Hao, Yuantao, Harb, Hilda L, Haro, Josep Maria, Havmoeller, Rasmus, Hay, Roderick J, Hay, Simon, Hedayati, Mohammad T, Pi, Ileana B Heredia, Heydarpour, Pouria, Hijar, Martha, Hoek, Hans W, Hoffman, Howard J, Hornberger, John C, Hosgood, H. Dean, Hossain, Mazeda, Hotez, Peter J, Hoy, Damian G, Hsairi, Mohamed, Hu, Howard, Hu, Guoqing, Huang, John J, Huang, Cheng, Huiart, Laetitia, Husseini, Abdullatif, Iannarone, Marissa, Iburg, Kim M, Innos, Kaire, Inoue, Manami, Jacobsen, Kathryn H, Jassal, Simerjot K, Jeemon, Panniyammakal, Jensen, Paul N, Jha, Vivekanand, Jiang, Guohong, Jiang, Ying, Jonas, Jost B, Joseph, Jonathan, Juel, Knud, Kan, Haidong, Karch, Andre, Karimkhani, Chante, Karthikeyan, Ganesan, Katz, Ronit, Kaul, Anil, Kawakami, Norito, Kazi, Dhruv S, Kemp, Andrew H, Kengne, Andre P, Khader, Yousef S, Khalifa, Shams Eldin AH, Khan, Ejaz A, Khan, Gulfaraz, Khang, Young-Ho, Khonelidze, Irma, Kieling, Christian, Kim, Daniel, Kim, Sungroul, Kimokoti, Ruth W, Kinfu, Yohannes, Kinge, Jonas M, Kissela, Brett M, Kivipelto, Miia, Knibbs, Luke, Knudsen, Ann Kristin, Kokubo, Yoshihiro, Kosen, Soewarta, Kramer, Alexander, Kravchenko, Michael, Krishnamurthi, Rita V, Krishnaswami, Sanjay, Defo, Barthelemy Kuate, Bicer, Burcu Kucuk, Kuipers, Ernst J, Kulkarni, Veena S, Kumar, Kaushalendra, Kumar, G Anil, Kwan, Gene F, Lai, Taavi, Lalloo, Ratilal, Lam, Hilton, Lan, Qing, Lansingh, Van C, Larson, Heidi, Larsson, Anders, Lawrynowicz, Alicia EB, Leasher, Janet L, Lee, Jong-Tae, Leigh, James, Leung, Ricky, Levi, Miriam, Li, Bin, Li, Yichong, Li, Yongmei, liang, Juan, Lim, Stephen, Lin, Hsien-Ho, Lind, Margaret, Lindsay, M Patrice, Lipshultz, Steven E, Liu, Shiwei, Lloyd, Belinda K, Ohno, Summer Lockett, Logroscino, Giancarlo, Looker, Katharine J, Lopez, Alan D, Lopez-Olmedo, Nancy, Lortet-Tieulent, Joannie, Lotufo, Paulo A, Low, Nicola, Lucas, Robyn M, Lunevicius, Raimundas, Lyons, Ronan A, Ma, Jixiang, Ma, Stefan, Mackay, Mark T, Majdan, Marek, Malekzadeh, Reza, Mapoma, Christopher C, Marcenes, Wagner, March, Lyn M, Margono, Chris, Marks, Guy B, Marzan, Melvin B, Masci, Joseph R, Mason-Jones, Amanda J, Matzopoulos, Richard G, Mayosi, Bongani M, Mazorodze, Tasara T, McGill, Neil W, McGrath, John J, McKee, Martin, McLain, Abby, McMahon, Brian J, Meaney, Peter A, Mehndiratta, Man Mohan, Mejia-Rodriguez, Fabiola, Mekonnen, Wubegzier, Melaku, Yohannes A, Meltzer, Michele, Memish, Ziad A, Mensah, George, Meretoja, Atte, Mhimbira, Francis A, Micha, Renata, Miller, Ted R, Mills, Edward J, Mitchell, Philip B, Mock, Charles N, Moffitt, Terrie E, Ibrahim, Norlinah Mohamed, Mohammad, Karzan A, Mokdad, Ali H, Mola, Glen L, Monasta, Lorenzo, Montico, Marcella, Montine, Thomas J, Moore, Ami R, Moran, Andrew E, Morawska, Lidia, Mori, Rintaro, Moschandreas, Joanna, Moturi, Wilkister N, Moyer, Madeline, Mozaffarian, Dariush, Mueller, Ulrich O, Mukaigawara, Mitsuru, Murdoch, Michele E, Murray, Joseph, Murthy, Kinnari S, Naghavi, Paria, Nahas, Ziad, Naheed, Aliya, Naidoo, Kovin S, Naldi, Luigi, Nand, Devina, Nangia, Vinay, Narayan, K.M. Venkat, Nash, Denis, Nejjari, Chakib, Neupane, Sudan P, Newman, Lori M, Newton, Charles R, Ng, Marie, Ngalesoni, Frida N, Nhung, Nguyen T, Nisar, Muhammad I, Nolte, Sandra, Norheim, Ole F, Norman, Rosana E, Norrving, Bo, Nyakarahuka, Luke, Oh, In Hwan, Ohkubo, Takayoshi, Omer, Saad B, Opio, John Nelson, Ortiz, Alberto, Pandian, Jeyaraj D, Panelo, Carlo Irwin A, Papachristou, Christina, Park, Eun-Kee, Parry, Charles D, Caicedo, Angel J Paternina, Patten, Scott B, Paul, Vinod K, Pavlin, Boris I, Pearce, Neil, Pedraza, Lilia S, Pellegrini, Carlos A, Pereira, David M, Perez-Ruiz, Fernando P, Perico, Norberto, Pervaiz, Aslam, Pesudovs, Konrad, Peterson, Carrie B, Petzold, Max, Phillips, Michael R, Phillips, David, Phillips, Bryan, Piel, Frederic B, Plass, Dietrich, Poenaru, Dan, Polanczyk, Guilherme V, Polinder, Suzanne, Pope, C A, Popova, Svetlana, Poulton, Richie G, Pourmalek, Farshad, Prabhakaran, Dorairaj, Prasad, Noela M, Qato, Dima, Quistberg, D A, Rafay, Anwar, Rahimi, Kazem, Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa, Rahman, Sajjad ur, Raju, Murugesan, Rakovac, Ivo, Rana, Saleem M, Razavi, Homie, Refaat, Amany, Rehm, Jurgen, Remuzzi, Giuseppe, Resnikoff, Serge, Ribeiro, Antonio L, Riccio, Patricia M, Richardson, Lee, Richardus, Jan Hendrik, Riederer, Anne M, Robinson, Margot, Roca, Anna, Rodriguez, Alina, Rojas-Rueda, David, Ronfani, Luca, Rothenbacher, Dietrich, Roy, Nobhojit, Ruhago, George M, Sabin, Nsanzimana, Sacco, Ralph L, Ksoreide, Kjetil, Saha, Sukanta, Sahathevan, Ramesh, Sahraian, Mohammad Ali, Sampson, Uchechukwu, Sanabria, Juan R, Sanchez-Riera, Lidia, Santos, Itamar S, Satpathy, Maheswar, Saunders, James E, Sawhney, Monika, Saylan, Mete I, Scarborough, Peter, Schoettker, Ben, Schneider, Ione JC, Schwebel, David C, Scott, James G, Seedat, Soraya, Sepanlou, Sadaf G, Serdar, Berrin, Servan-Mori, Edson E, Shackelford, Katya, Shaheen, Amira, Shahraz, Saeid, Levy, Teresa Shamah, Shangguan, Siyi, She, Jun, Sheikhbahaei, Sara, Shepard, Donald S, Shi, Peilin, Shibuya, Kenji, Shinohara, Yukito, Shiri, Rahman, Shishani, Kawkab, Shiue, Ivy, Shrime, Mark G, Sigfusdottir, Inga D, Silberberg, Donald H, Simard, Edgar P, Sindi, Shireen, Singh, Jasvinder A, Singh, Lavanya, Skirbekk, Vegard, Sliwa, Karen, Soljak, Michael, Soneji, Samir, Soshnikov, Sergey S, Speyer, Peter, Sposato, Luciano A, Sreeramareddy, Chandrashekhar T, Stoeckl, Heidi, Stathopoulou, Vasiliki Kalliopi, Steckling, Nadine, Stein, Murray B, Stein, Dan J, Steiner, Timothy J, Stewart, Andrea, Stork, Eden, Stovner, Lars J, Stroumpoulis, Konstantinos, Sturua, Lela, Sunguya, Bruno F, Swaroop, Mamta, Sykes, Bryan L, Tabb, Karen M, Takahashi, Ken, Tan, Feng, Tandon, Nikhil, Tanne, David, Tanner, Marcel, Tavakkoli, Mohammad, Taylor, Hugh R, Te Ao, Braden J, Temesgen, Awoke Misganaw, Have, Margreet Ten, Tenkorang, Eric Yeboah, Terkawi, Abdullah Sulieman, Theadom, Alice M, Thomas, Elissa, Thorne-Lyman, Andrew L, Thrift, Amanda G, Tleyjeh, Imad M, Tonelli, Marcello, Topouzis, Fotis, Towbin, Jeffrey A, Toyoshima, Hideaki, Traebert, Jefferson, Tran, Bach X, Trasande, Leonardo, Trillini, Matias, Truelsen, Thomas, Trujillo, Ulises, Tsilimbaris, Miltiadis, Tuzcu, Emin M, Ukwaja, Kingsley N, Undurraga, Eduardo A, Uzun, Selen B, van Brakel, Wim H, van de Vijver, Steven, Dingenen, Rita Van, van Gool, Coen H, Varakin, Yuri Y, Vasankari, Tommi J, Vavilala, Monica S, Veerman, Lennert J, Velasquez-Melendez, Gustavo, Venketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy, Vijayakumar, Lakshmi, Villalpando, Salvador, Violante, Francesco S, Vlassov, Vasiliy V, Waller, Stephen, Wallin, Mitchell T, Wan, Xia, Wang, Linhong, Wang, JianLi, Wang, Yanping, Warouw, Tati S, Weichenthal, Scott, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Weintraub, Robert G, Werdecker, Andrea, Wessells, K. Ryan R, Westerman, Ronny, Wilkinson, James D, Williams, Hywel C, Williams, Thomas N, Woldeyohannes, Solomon M, Wolfe, Charles DA, Wong, John Q, Wong, Haidong, Woolf, Anthony D, Wright, Jonathan L, Wurtz, Brittany, Xu, Gelin, Yang, Gonghuan, Yano, Yuichiro, Yenesew, Muluken A, Yentur, Gokalp K, Yip, Paul, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Yoon, Seok-Jun, Younis, Mustafa, Yu, Chuanhua, Kim, Kim Yun, Zaki, Maysaa El Sayed, Zhang, Yong, Zhao, Zheng, Zhao, Yong, Zhu, Jun, Zonies, David, Zunt, Joseph R, Salomon, Joshua A, and Murray, Christopher JL
Published: 2015
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10. Global, regional, and national levels of neonatal, infant, and under-5 mortality during 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013

Author: Wang, Haidong, Liddell, Chelsea A, Coates, Matthew M, Mooney, Meghan D, Levitz, Carly E, Schumacher, Austin E, Apfel, Henry, Iannarone, Marissa, Phillips, Bryan, Lofgren, Katherine T, Sandar, Logan, Dorrington, Rob E, Rakovac, Ivo, Jacobs, Troy A, Liang, Xiaofeng, Zhou, Maigeng, Zhu, Jun, Yang, Gonghuan, Wang, Yanping, Liu, Shiwei, Li, Yichong, Ozgoren, Ayse Abbasoglu, Abera, Semaw Ferede, Abubakar, Ibrahim, Achoki, Tom, Adelekan, Ademola, Ademi, Zanfina, Alemu, Zewdie Aderaw, Allen, Peter J, AlMazroa, Mohammad AbdulAziz, Alvarez, Elena, Amankwaa, Adansi A, Amare, Azmeraw T, Ammar, Walid, Anwari, Palwasha, Cunningham, Solveig Argeseanu, Asad, Majed Masoud, Assadi, Reza, Banerjee, Amitava, Basu, Sanjay, Bedi, Neeraj, Bekele, Tolesa, Bell, Michelle L, Bhutta, Zulfiqar, Blore, Jed D, Basara, Berrak Bora, Boufous, Soufiane, Breitborde, Nicholas, Bruce, Nigel G, Bui, Linh Ngoc, Carapetis, Jonathan R, Cárdenas, Rosario, Carpenter, David O, Caso, Valeria, Castro, Ruben Estanislao, Catalá-Lopéz, Ferrán, Cavlin, Alanur, Che, Xuan, Chiang, Peggy Pei-Chia, Chowdhury, Rajiv, Christophi, Costas A, Chuang, Ting-Wu, Cirillo, Massimo, da Costa Leite, Iuri, Courville, Karen J, Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, Davis, Adrian, Dayama, Anand, Deribe, Kebede, Dharmaratne, Samath D, Dherani, Mukesh K, Dilmen, Uğur, Ding, Eric L, Edmond, Karen M, Ermakov, Sergei Petrovich, Farzadfar, Farshad, Fereshtehnejad, Seyed-Mohammad, Fijabi, Daniel Obadare, Foigt, Nataliya, Forouzanfar, Mohammad H, Garcia, Ana C, Geleijnse, Johanna M, Gessner, Bradford D, Goginashvili, Ketevan, Gona, Philimon, Goto, Atsushi, Gouda, Hebe N, Green, Mark A, Greenwell, Karen Fern, Gugnani, Harish Chander, Gupta, Rahul, Hamadeh, Randah Ribhi, Hammami, Mouhanad, Harb, Hilda L, Hay, Simon, Hedayati, Mohammad T, Hosgood, H Dean, Hoy, Damian G, Idrisov, Bulat T, Islami, Farhad, Ismayilova, Samaya, Jha, Vivekanand, Jiang, Guohong, Jonas, Jost B, Juel, Knud, Kabagambe, Edmond Kato, Kazi, Dhruv S, Kengne, Andre Pascal, Kereselidze, Maia, Khader, Yousef Saleh, Khalifa, Shams Eldin Ali Hassan, Khang, Young-Ho, Kim, Daniel, Kinfu, Yohannes, Kinge, Jonas M, Kokubo, Yoshihiro, Kosen, Soewarta, Defo, Barthelemy Kuate, Kumar, G Anil, Kumar, Kaushalendra, Kumar, Ravi B, Lai, Taavi, Lan, Qing, Larsson, Anders, Lee, Jong-Tae, Leinsalu, Mall, Lim, Stephen S, Lipshultz, Steven E, Logroscino, Giancarlo, Lotufo, Paulo A, Lunevicius, Raimundas, Lyons, Ronan Anthony, Ma, Stefan, Mahdi, Abbas Ali, Marzan, Melvin Barrientos, Mashal, Mohammad Taufiq, Mazorodze, Tasara T, McGrath, John J, Memish, Ziad A, Mendoza, Walter, Mensah, George A, Meretoja, Atte, Miller, Ted R, Mills, Edward J, Mohammad, Karzan Abdulmuhsin, Mokdad, Ali H, Monasta, Lorenzo, Montico, Marcella, Moore, Ami R, Moschandreas, Joanna, Msemburi, William T, Mueller, Ulrich O, Muszynska, Magdalena M, Naghavi, Mohsen, Naidoo, Kovin S, Narayan, KM Venkat, Nejjari, Chakib, Ng, Marie, de Dieu Ngirabega, Jean, Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark J, Nyakarahuka, Luke, Ohkubo, Takayoshi, Omer, Saad B, Caicedo, Angel J Paternina, Wyk, Victoria Pillay-van, Pope, Dan, Pourmalek, Farshad, Prabhakaran, Dorairaj, Rahman, Sajjad UR, Rana, Saleem M, Reilly, Robert Quentin, Rojas-Rueda, David, Ronfani, Luca, Rushton, Lesley, Saeedi, Mohammad Yahya, Salomon, Joshua A, Sampson, Uchechukwu, Santos, Itamar S, Sawhney, Monika, Schmidt, Jürgen C, Shakh-Nazarova, Marina, She, Jun, Sheikhbahaei, Sara, Shibuya, Kenji, Shin, Hwashin Hyun, Shishani, Kawkab, Shiue, Ivy, Sigfusdottir, Inga Dora, Singh, Jasvinder A, Skirbekk, Vegard, Sliwa, Karen, Soshnikov, Sergey S, Sposato, Luciano A, Stathopoulou, Vasiliki Kalliopi, Stroumpoulis, Konstantinos, Tabb, Karen M, Talongwa, Roberto Tchio, Teixeira, Carolina Maria, Terkawi, Abdullah Sulieman, Thomson, Alan J, Thorne-Lyman, Andrew L, Toyoshima, Hideaki, Dimbuene, Zacharie Tsala, Uwaliraye, Parfait, Uzun, Selen Begüm, Vasankari, Tommi J, Vasconcelos, Ana Maria Nogales, Vlassov, Vasiliy Victorovich, Vollset, Stein Emil, Waller, Stephen, Wan, Xia, Weichenthal, Scott, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Weintraub, Robert G, Westerman, Ronny, Wilkinson, James D, Williams, Hywel C, Yang, Yang C, Yentur, Gokalp Kadri, Yip, Paul, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Younis, Mustafa, Yu, Chuanhua, Jin, Kim Yun, El Sayed Zaki, Maysaa, Zhu, Shankuan, Vos, Theo, Lopez, Alan D, and Murray, Christopher J L
Published: 2014
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11. The global burden of tuberculosis: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015

Author: Kyu, Hmwe H., Maddison, Emilie R., Henry, Nathaniel J., Mumford, John Everett, Barber, Ryan, Shields, Chloe, Brown, Jonathan C., Nguyen, Grant, Carter, Austin, Wolock, Timothy M., Wang, Haidong, Liu, Patrick Y., Reitsma, Marissa, Ross, Jennifer M., Abajobir, Amanuel Alemu, Abate, Kalkidan Hassen, Abbas, Kaja, Abera, Mubarek, Abera, Semaw Ferede, Hareri, Habtamu Abera, Ahmed, Muktar, Alene, Kefyalew Addis, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Amo-Adjei, Joshua, Andrews, Jason, Ansari, Hossein, Antonio, Carl Abelardo, Anwari, Palwasha, Asayesh, Hamid, Atey, Tesfay Mehari, Atre, Sachin, Barac, Aleksandra, Beardsley, Justin, Bedi, Neeraj, Bensenor, Isabela, Beyene, Addisu Shunu, Butt, Zahid Ahmad, Cardona, Pere-Joan, Christopher, Devasahayam Jesudas, Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, Deribe, Kebede, Deribew, Amare, Ehrenkranz, Rebecca, El Sayed Zaki, Maysaa, Endries, Aman, Feyissa, Tesfaye R., Fischer, Florian, Gai, Ruoyan, Garcia-Basteiro, Alberto L, Gebrehiwot, Tsegaye Tewelde, Gesesew, Hailay, Getahun, Belete, Gona, Philimon, Goodridge, Amador, Gugnani, Harish, Haghparast-Bidgoli, Hassan, Hailu, Gessessew Bugssa, Hassen, Hamid Yimam, Hilawe, Esayas, Horita, Nobuyuki, Jacobsen, Kathryn H., Jonas, Jost B., Kasaeian, Amir, Sano Kedir, Muktar, Kemmer, Laura, Khader, Yousef, Khan, Ejaz, Khang, Young-Ho, Khoja, Abdullah T., Kim, Yun Jin, Koul, Parvaiz, Koyanagi, Ai, Krohn, Kristopher J., Anil Kumar, G., Kutz, Michael, Lodha, Rakesh, Magdy Abd El Razek, Hassan, Majdzadeh, Reza, Manyazewal, Tsegahun, Memish, Ziad, Mendoza, Walter, Mezgebe, Haftay Berhane, Mohammed, Shafiu, Ogbo, Felix Akpojene, Oh, In-Hwan, Oren, Eyal, Osgood-Zimmerman, Aaron, Pereira, David, Plass, Dietrich, Pourmalek, Farshad, Qorbani, Mostafa, Rafay, Anwar, Rahman, Mahfuzar, Rai, Rajesh Kumar, Rao, Puja C., Ray, Sarah E., Reiner, Robert, Reinig, Nickolas, Safiri, Saeid, Salomon, Joshua A., Sandar, Logan, Sartorius, Benn, Shamsizadeh, Morteza, Shey, Muki, Markos Shifti, Desalegn, Shore, Hirbo, Singh, Jasvinder, Sreeramareddy, Chandrashekhar T., Swaminathan, Soumya, Swartz, Scott J., Tadese, Fentaw, Tedla, Bemnet Amare, Tegegne, Balewgizie Sileshi, Tessema, Belay, Topor-Madry, Roman, Ukwaja, Kingsley Nnanna, Uthman, Olalekan A., Vlassov, Vasiliy, Vollset, Stein Emil, Wakayo, Tolassa, Weldegebreal, Solomon, Westerman, Ronny, Workicho, Abdulhalik, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Yoon, Seok-Jun, Yotebieng, Marcel, Naghavi, Mohsen, Hay, Simon I., Vos, Theo, and Murray, Christopher J.L.
Published: 2018

12. The global burden of tuberculosis: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015'

Author: Murray, Christopher J. L., Kyu, Hmwe H., Maddison, Emilie R., Henry, Nathaniel J., Mumford, John Everett, Barber, Ryan, Shields, Chloe, Brown, Jonathan C., Nguyen, Grant, Carter, Austin, Wolock, Timothy M., Wang, Haidong, Liu, Patrick Y., Reitsma, Marissa, Ross, Jennifer M., Abajobir, Amanuel Alemu, Abate, Kalkidan Hassen, Abbas, Kaja, Abera, Mubarek, Abera, Semaw Ferede, Hareri, Habtamu Abera, Ahmed, Muktar, Alene, Kefyalew Addis, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Amo-Adjei, Joshua, Andrews, Jason, Ansari, Hossein, Antonio, Carl Abelardo, Anwari, Palwasha, Asayesh, Hamid, Atey, Tesfay Mehari, Atre, Sachin, Barac, Aleksandra, Beardsley, Justin, Bedi, Neeraj, Bensenor, Isabela, Beyene, Addisu Shunu, Butt, Zahid Ahmad, Cardona, Pere-Joan, Christopher, Devasahayam, Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, Deribe, Kebede, Deribew, Amare, Ehrenkranz, Rebecca, Zaki, Maysaa El Sayed, Endries, Aman, Feyissa, Tesfaye R., Fischer, Florian, Gai, Ruoyan, Garcia-Basteiro, Alberto L., Gebrehiwot, Tsegaye Tewelde, Gesesew, Hailay, Getahun, Belete, Gona, Philimon, Goodridge, Amador, Gugnani, Harish, Haghparast-Bidgoli, Hassan, Hailu, Gessessew Bugssa, Hassen, Hamid Yimam, Hilawe, Esayas, Horita, Nobuyuki, Jacobsen, Kathryn H., Jonas, Jost B., Kasaeian, Amir, Kedir, Muktar Sano, Kemmer, Laura, Khader, Yousef, Khan, Ejaz, Khang, Young-Ho, Khoja, Abdullah T., Kim, Yun Jin, Koul, Parvaiz, Koyanagi, Ai, Krohn, Kristopher J., Kumar, G. Anil, Kutz, Michael, Lodha, Rakesh, Magdy, Hassan, El Razek, Abd, Majdzadeh, Reza, Manyazewal, Tsegahun, Memish, Ziad, Mendoza, Walter, Mezgebe, Haftay Berhane, Mohammed, Shafiu, Ogbo, Felix Akpojene, Oh, In-Hwan, Oren, Eyal, Osgood-Zimmerman, Aaron, Pereira, David, Plass, Dietrich, Pourmalek, Farshad, Qorbani, Mostafa, Rafay, Anwar, Rahman, Mahfuzar, Rai, Rajesh Kumar, Rao, Puja C., Ray, Sarah E., Reiner, Robert, Reinig, Nickolas, Safiri, Saeid, Salomon, Joshua A., Sandar, Logan, Sartorius, Benn, Shamsizadeh, Morteza, Shey, Muki, Shifti, Desalegn Markos, Shore, Hirbo, Singh, Jasvinder, Sreeramareddy, Chandrashekhar T., Swaminathan, Soumya, Swartz, Scott J., Tadese, Fentaw, Tedla, Bemnet Amare, Tegegne, Balewgizie Sileshi, Tessema, Belay, Topor-Madry, Roman, Ukwaja, Kingsley Nnanna, Uthman, Olalekan A., Vlassov, Vasiliy, Vollset, Stein Emil, Wakayo, Tolassa, Weldegebreal, Solomon, Westerman, Ronny, Workicho, Abdulhalik, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Yoon, Seok-Jun, Yotebieng, Marcel, Naghavi, Mohsen, Hay, Simon I., and Vos, Theo
Subjects: Alcohol Drinking, Incidence, Smoking, HIV Infections, Smoking Prevention, Global Health, Article, Global Burden of Disease, Risk Factors, Diabetes Mellitus, Prevalence, Humans, Tuberculosis, Investments
Abstract: Background An understanding of the trends in tuberculosis incidence, prevalence, and mortality is crucial to tracking of the success of tuberculosis control programmes and identification of remaining challenges. We assessed trends in the fatal and non-fatal burden of tuberculosis over the past 25 years for 195 countries and territories. Methods We analysed 10 691 site-years of vital registration data, 768 site-years of verbal autopsy data, and 361 site-years of mortality surveillance data using the Cause of Death Ensemble model to estimate tuberculosis mortality rates. We analysed all available age-specific and sex-specific data sources, including annual case notifications, prevalence surveys, and estimated cause-specific mortality, to generate internally consistent estimates of incidence, prevalence, and mortality using DisMod-MR 2.1, a Bayesian meta-regression tool. We assessed how observed tuberculosis incidence, prevalence, and mortality differed from expected trends as predicted by the Socio-demographic Index (SDI), a composite indicator based on income per capita, average years of schooling, and total fertility rate. We also estimated tuberculosis mortality and disability-adjusted life-years attributable to the independent effects of risk factors including smoking, alcohol use, and diabetes. Findings Globally, in 2015, the number of tuberculosis incident cases (including new and relapse cases) was 10.2 million (95% uncertainty interval 9.2 million to 11.5 million), the number of prevalent cases was 10.1 million (9.2 million to 11.1 million), and the number of deaths was 1.3 million (1.1 million to 1.6 million). Among individuals who were HIV negative, the number of incident cases was 8.8 million (8.0 million to 9.9 million), the number of prevalent cases was 8.9 million (8.1 million to 9.7 million), and the number of deaths was 1.1 million (0.9 million to 1.4 million). Annualised rates of change from 2005 to 2015 showed a faster decline in mortality (-4.1% [-5.0 to -3.4]) than in incidence (-1.6% [-1.9 to -1.2]) and prevalence (-0.7% [-1.0 to -0.5]) among HIV-negative individuals. The SDI was inversely associated with HIV-negative mortality rates but did not show a clear gradient for incidence and prevalence. Most of Asia, eastern Europe, and sub-Saharan Africa had higher rates of HIV-negative tuberculosis burden than expected given their SDI. Alcohol use accounted for 11.4% (9.3-13.0) of global tuberculosis deaths among HIV-negative individuals in 2015, diabetes accounted for 10.6% (6.8-14.8), and smoking accounted for 7.8% (3.8-12.0). Interpretation Despite a concerted global effort to reduce the burden of tuberculosis, it still causes a large disease burden globally. Strengthening of health systems for early detection of tuberculosis and improvement of the quality of tuberculosis care, including prompt and accurate diagnosis, early initiation of treatment, and regular follow-up, are priorities. Countries with higher than expected tuberculosis rates for their level of sociodemographic development should investigate the reasons for lagging behind and take remedial action. Efforts to prevent smoking, alcohol use, and diabetes could also substantially reduce the burden of tuberculosis. Copyright (c) The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an Open Access article under the CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 license.
Published: 2018

13. Global, regional, and national disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 315 diseases and injuries and healthy life expectancy (HALE), 1990-2015 : a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015

Author: Kassebaum, Nicholas J., Arora, Megha, Barber, Ryan M., Bhutta, Zulfigar A., Carter, Austin, Casey, Daniel C., Charlson, Fiona J., Coates, Matthew M., Coggeshall, Megan, Cornaby, Leslie, Dandona, Lalit, Dicker, Daniel J., Erskine, Holly E., Ferrari, Alize J., Fitzmaurice, Christina, Foreman, Kyle, Forouzanfar, Mohammad H., Fullman, Nancy, Gething, Peter W., Goldberg, Ellen M., Graetz, Nicholas, Haagsma, Juanita A., Johnson, Catherine, Kemmer, Laura, Khalil, Ibrahim A., Kinfu, Yohannes, Kutz, Michael J., Kyu, Hmwe H., Leung, Janni, Liang, Xiaofeng, Lim, Stephen S., Lozano, Rafael, Mensah, George A., Mikesell, Joe, Mokdad, Ali H., Mooney, Meghan D., Naghavi, Mohsen, Nguyen, Grant, Nsoesie, Elaine, Pigott, David M., Pinho, Christine, Rankin, Zane, Reinig, Nikolas, Salomon, Joshua A., Sandar, Logan, Lallukka, Tea, Meretoja, Atte, Meretoja, Tuomo J., Weiderpass, Elisabete, GBD 2015 DALY & HALE, Clinicum, Department of Public Health, Department of Neurosciences, Neurologian yksikkö, University of Helsinki, Department of Oncology, Department of Medical and Clinical Genetics, and Center for Population, Health and Society
Subjects: MORTALITY, SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS, 3122 Cancers, 3112 Neurosciences, UNITED-STATES, 187 COUNTRIES, TRENDS, RECOMMENDATIONS, 3142 Public health care science, environmental and occupational health, 3124 Neurology and psychiatry, PREVALENCE, MORBIDITY, BACK-PAIN, 3121 General medicine, internal medicine and other clinical medicine, COMPRESSION
Abstract: Background Healthy life expectancy (HALE) and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) provide summary measures of health across geographies and time that can inform assessments of epidemiological patterns and health system performance, help to prioritise investments in research and development, and monitor progress toward the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). We aimed to provide updated HALE and DALYs for geographies worldwide and evaluate how disease burden changes with development. Methods We used results from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2015 (GBD 2015) for all-cause mortality, cause-specific mortality, and non-fatal disease burden to derive HALE and DALYs by sex for 195 countries and territories from 1990 to 2015. We calculated DALYs by summing years of life lost (YLLs) and years of life lived with disability (YLDs) for each geography, age group, sex, and year. We estimated HALE using the Sullivan method, which draws from age-specific death rates and YLDs per capita. We then assessed how observed levels of DALYs and HALE differed from expected trends calculated with the Socio-demographic Index (SDI), a composite indicator constructed from measures of income per capita, average years of schooling, and total fertility rate. Findings Total global DALYs remained largely unchanged from 1990 to 2015, with decreases in communicable, neonatal, maternal, and nutritional (Group 1) disease DALYs off set by increased DALYs due to non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Much of this epidemiological transition was caused by changes in population growth and ageing, but it was accelerated by widespread improvements in SDI that also correlated strongly with the increasing importance of NCDs. Both total DALYs and age-standardised DALY rates due to most Group 1 causes significantly decreased by 2015, and although total burden climbed for the majority of NCDs, age-standardised DALY rates due to NCDs declined. Nonetheless, age-standardised DALY rates due to several high-burden NCDs (including osteoarthritis, drug use disorders, depression, diabetes, congenital birth defects, and skin, oral, and sense organ diseases) either increased or remained unchanged, leading to increases in their relative ranking in many geographies. From 2005 to 2015, HALE at birth increased by an average of 2.9 years (95% uncertainty interval 2.9-3.0) for men and 3.5 years (3.4-3.7) for women, while HALE at age 65 years improved by 0.85 years (0.78-0.92) and 1.2 years (1.1-1.3), respectively. Rising SDI was associated with consistently higher HALE and a somewhat smaller proportion of life spent with functional health loss; however, rising SDI was related to increases in total disability. Many countries and territories in central America and eastern sub-Saharan Africa had increasingly lower rates of disease burden than expected given their SDI. At the same time, a subset of geographies recorded a growing gap between observed and expected levels of DALYs, a trend driven mainly by rising burden due to war, interpersonal violence, and various NCDs. Interpretation Health is improving globally, but this means more populations are spending more time with functional health loss, an absolute expansion of morbidity. The proportion of life spent in ill health decreases somewhat with increasing SDI, a relative compression of morbidity, which supports continued efforts to elevate personal income, improve education, and limit fertility. Our analysis of DALYs and HALE and their relationship to SDI represents a robust framework on which to benchmark geography-specific health performance and SDG progress. Country-specific drivers of disease burden, particularly for causes with higher-than-expected DALYs, should inform financial and research investments, prevention efforts, health policies, and health system improvement initiatives for all countries along the development continuum. Copyright (C) The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.
Published: 2016

14. Global, regional, and national disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 315 diseases and injuries and healthy life expectancy (HALE), 1990-2015:a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015

Author: Kassebaum, Nicholas J., Arora, Megha, Barber, Ryan M., Bhutta, Zulfigar A., Carter, Austin, Casey, Daniel C., Charlson, Fiona J., Coates, Matthew M., Coggeshall, Megan, Cornaby, Leslie, Dandona, Lalit, Dicker, Daniel J., Erskine, Holly E., Ferrari, Alize J., Fitzmaurice, Christina, Foreman, Kyle, Forouzanfar, Mohammad H., Fullman, Nancy, Gething, Peter W., Goldberg, Ellen M., Graetz, Nicholas, Haagsma, Juanita A., Johnson, Catherine, Kemmer, Laura, Khalil, Ibrahim A., Kinfu, Yohannes, Kutz, Michael J., Kyu, Hmwe H., Leung, Janni, Liang, Xiaofeng, Lim, Stephen S., Lozano, Rafael, Mensah, George A., Mikesell, Joe, Mokdad, Ali H., Mooney, Meghan D., Naghavi, Mohsen, Nguyen, Grant, Nsoesie, Elaine, Pigott, David M., Pinho, Christine, Rankin, Zane, Reinig, Nikolas, Salomon, Joshua A., Sandar, Logan, Amare, Azmeraw T., Hoek, Hans W., Singh, Abhishek, and Tura, Abera Kenay
Subjects: MORBIDITY, BACK-PAIN, MORTALITY, SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS, UNITED-STATES, COMPRESSION, 187 COUNTRIES, TRENDS, RECOMMENDATIONS, PREVALENCE
Abstract: Background Healthy life expectancy (HALE) and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) provide summary measures of health across geographies and time that can inform assessments of epidemiological patterns and health system performance, help to prioritise investments in research and development, and monitor progress toward the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). We aimed to provide updated HALE and DALYs for geographies worldwide and evaluate how disease burden changes with development. Methods We used results from the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2015 (GBD 2015) for all-cause mortality, cause-specific mortality, and non-fatal disease burden to derive HALE and DALYs by sex for 195 countries and territories from 1990 to 2015. We calculated DALYs by summing years of life lost (YLLs) and years of life lived with disability (YLDs) for each geography, age group, sex, and year. We estimated HALE using the Sullivan method, which draws from age-specific death rates and YLDs per capita. We then assessed how observed levels of DALYs and HALE differed from expected trends calculated with the Socio-demographic Index (SDI), a composite indicator constructed from measures of income per capita, average years of schooling, and total fertility rate. Findings Total global DALYs remained largely unchanged from 1990 to 2015, with decreases in communicable, neonatal, maternal, and nutritional (Group 1) disease DALYs off set by increased DALYs due to non-communicable diseases (NCDs). Much of this epidemiological transition was caused by changes in population growth and ageing, but it was accelerated by widespread improvements in SDI that also correlated strongly with the increasing importance of NCDs. Both total DALYs and age-standardised DALY rates due to most Group 1 causes significantly decreased by 2015, and although total burden climbed for the majority of NCDs, age-standardised DALY rates due to NCDs declined. Nonetheless, age-standardised DALY rates due to several high-burden NCDs (including osteoarthritis, drug use disorders, depression, diabetes, congenital birth defects, and skin, oral, and sense organ diseases) either increased or remained unchanged, leading to increases in their relative ranking in many geographies. From 2005 to 2015, HALE at birth increased by an average of 2.9 years (95% uncertainty interval 2.9-3.0) for men and 3.5 years (3.4-3.7) for women, while HALE at age 65 years improved by 0.85 years (0.78-0.92) and 1.2 years (1.1-1.3), respectively. Rising SDI was associated with consistently higher HALE and a somewhat smaller proportion of life spent with functional health loss; however, rising SDI was related to increases in total disability. Many countries and territories in central America and eastern sub-Saharan Africa had increasingly lower rates of disease burden than expected given their SDI. At the same time, a subset of geographies recorded a growing gap between observed and expected levels of DALYs, a trend driven mainly by rising burden due to war, interpersonal violence, and various NCDs. Interpretation Health is improving globally, but this means more populations are spending more time with functional health loss, an absolute expansion of morbidity. The proportion of life spent in ill health decreases somewhat with increasing SDI, a relative compression of morbidity, which supports continued efforts to elevate personal income, improve education, and limit fertility. Our analysis of DALYs and HALE and their relationship to SDI represents a robust framework on which to benchmark geography-specific health performance and SDG progress. Country-specific drivers of disease burden, particularly for causes with higher-than-expected DALYs, should inform financial and research investments, prevention efforts, health policies, and health system improvement initiatives for all countries along the development continuum. Copyright (C) The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.
Published: 2016

15. Global, Regional, and National Cancer Incidence, Mortality, Years of Life Lost, Years Lived With Disability, and Disability-Adjusted Life-years for 32 Cancer Groups, 1990 to 2015

Author: Fitzmaurice, Christina, Allen, Christine, Barber, Ryan, Barregard, Lars, Bhutta, Zulfiqar, Brenner, Hermann, Dicker, Daniel, Chimed-Orchir, Odgerel, Dandona, Rakhi, Dandona, Lalit, Fleming, Tom, Forouzanfar, Mohammad, Hancock, Jamie, Hay, Roderick, Hunter-Merrill, Rachel, Huynh, Chantal, Hosgood, H. Dean, Johnson, Catherine, Jonas, Jost, Khubchandani, Jagdish, Kumar, G. Anil, Kutz, Michael, Lan, Qing, Larson, Heidi, Liang, Xiaofeng, Lim, Stephen, Lopez, Alan, MacIntyre, Michael, Marczak, Laurie, Marquez, Neal, Mokdad, Ali, Pinho, Christine, Pourmalek, Farshad, Salomon, Joshua, Sanabria, Juan Ramon, Sandar, Logan, Sartorius, Benn, Schwartz, Stephen, Shackelford, Katya, Shibuya, Kenji, Stanaway, Jeff, Steiner, Caitlyn, Sun, Jiandong, Takahashi, Ken, Vollset, Stein Emil, Vos, Theo, Wagner, Joseph, Wang, Haidong, Westerman, Ronny, Zeeb, Hajo, Zoeckler, Leo, Abd-Allah, Foad, Ahmed, Muktar Beshir, Alabed, Samer, Alam, Noore, Aldhahri, Saleh Fahed, Alem, Girma, Alemayohu, Mulubirhan, Ali, Raghib, Al-Raddadi, Rajaa, Amare, Azmeraw, Amoako, Yaw, Artaman, Al, Asayesh, Hamid, Atnafu, Niguse, Awasthi, Ashish, Saleem, Huda Ba, Barac, Aleksandra, Bedi, Neeraj, Bensenor, Isabela, Berhane, Adugnaw, Bernabé, Eduardo, Betsu, Balem, Binagwaho, Agnes, Boneya, Dube, Campos-Nonato, Ismael, Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos, Catalá-López, Ferrán, Chiang, Peggy, Chibueze, Chioma, Chitheer, Abdulaal, Choi, Jee-Young, Cowie, Benjamin, Damtew, Solomon, das Neves, José, Dey, Suhojit, Dharmaratne, Samath, Dhillon, Preet, Ding, Eric, Driscoll, Tim, Ekwueme, Donatus, Endries, Aman Yesuf, Farvid, Maryam, Farzadfar, Farshad, Fernandes, João C., Fischer, Florian, G/hiwot, Tsegaye Tewelde, Gebru, Alemseged, Gopalani, Sameer, Hailu, Alemayehu, Horino, Masako, Horita, Nobuyuki, Husseini, Abdullatif, Huybrechts, Inge, Inoue, Manami, Islami, Farhad, Jakovljevic, Mihajlo, James, Spencer, Javanbakht, Mehdi, Jee, Sun Ha, Kasaeian, Amir, Kedir, Muktar Sano, Khader, Yousef, Khang, Young-Ho, Kim, Daniel, Leigh, James, Linn, Shai, Lunevicius, Raimundas, El Razek, Hassan Magdy Abd, Malekzadeh, Reza, Malta, Deborah Carvalho, Marcenes, Wagner, Markos, Desalegn, Melaku, Yohannes, Meles, Kidanu, Mendoza, Walter, Mengiste, Desalegn, Meretoja, Tuomo, Miller, Ted, Mohammad, Karzan, Mohammadi, Alireza, Mohammed, Shafiu, Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar, Nagel, Gabriele, Nand, Devina, Le Nguyen, Quyen, Nolte, Sandra, Ogbo, Felix, Oladimeji, Kelechi, Oren, Eyal, Pa, Mahesh, Park, Eun-Kee, Pereira, David, Plass, Dietrich, Qorbani, Mostafa, Radfar, Amir, Rafay, Anwar, Rahman, Mahfuzar, Rana, Saleem, Søreide, Kjetil, Satpathy, Maheswar, Sawhney, Monika, Sepanlou, Sadaf, Shaikh, Masood Ali, She, Jun, Shiue, Ivy, Shore, Hirbo Roba, Shrime, Mark, So, Samuel, Soneji, Samir, Stathopoulou, Vasiliki, Stroumpoulis, Konstantinos, Sufiyan, Muawiyyah Babale, Sykes, Bryan, Tabarés-Seisdedos, Rafael, Tadese, Fentaw, Tedla, Bemnet Amare, Tessema, Gizachew Assefa, Thakur, J. S., Tran, Bach Xuan, Ukwaja, Kingsley Nnanna, Uzochukwu, Benjamin, Vlassov, Vasiliy Victorovich, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Wubshet Terefe, Mamo, Yebyo, Henock Gebremedhin, Yimam, Hassen Hamid, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Younis, Mustafa, Yu, Chuanhua, Zaidi, Zoubida, Zaki, Maysaa El Sayed, Zenebe, Zerihun Menlkalew, Murray, Christopher, and Naghavi, Mohsen
Abstract: Importance - Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide. Current estimates on the burden of cancer are needed for cancer control planning.\ud \ud Objective - To estimate mortality, incidence, years lived with disability (YLDs), years of life lost (YLLs), and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 32 cancers in 195 countries and territories from 1990 to 2015.\ud \ud Evidence Review - Cancer mortality was estimated using vital registration system data, cancer registry incidence data (transformed to mortality estimates using separately estimated mortality to incidence [MI] ratios), and verbal autopsy data. Cancer incidence was calculated by dividing mortality estimates through the modeled MI ratios. To calculate cancer prevalence, MI ratios were used to model survival. To calculate YLDs, prevalence estimates were multiplied by disability weights. The YLLs were estimated by multiplying age-specific cancer deaths by the reference life expectancy. DALYs were estimated as the sum of YLDs and YLLs. A sociodemographic index (SDI) was created for each location based on income per capita, educational attainment, and fertility. Countries were categorized by SDI quintiles to summarize results.\ud \ud Findings - In 2015, there were 17.5 million cancer cases worldwide and 8.7 million deaths. Between 2005 and 2015, cancer cases increased by 33%, with population aging contributing 16%, population growth 13%, and changes in age-specific rates contributing 4%. For men, the most common cancer globally was prostate cancer (1.6 million cases). Tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer was the leading cause of cancer deaths and DALYs in men (1.2 million deaths and 25.9 million DALYs). For women, the most common cancer was breast cancer (2.4 million cases). Breast cancer was also the leading cause of cancer deaths and DALYs for women (523 000 deaths and 15.1 million DALYs). Overall, cancer caused 208.3 million DALYs worldwide in 2015 for both sexes combined.Between 2005 and 2015, age-standardized incidence rates for all cancers combined increased in 174 of 195 countries or territories. Age-standardized death rates (ASDRs) for all cancers combined decreased within that timeframe in 140 of 195 countries or territories. Countries with an increase in the ASDR due to all cancers were largely located on the African continent.Of all cancers, deaths between 2005 and 2015 decreased significantly for Hodgkin lymphoma (−6.1% [95% uncertainty interval (UI), −10.6% to −1.3%]). The number of deaths also decreased for esophageal cancer, stomach cancer, and chronic myeloid leukemia, although these results were not statistically significant.\ud \ud Conclusion and Relevance - As part of the epidemiological transition, cancer incidence is expected to increase in the future, further straining limited health care resources. Appropriate allocation of resources for cancer prevention, early diagnosis, and curative and palliative care requires detailed knowledge of the local burden of cancer. The GBD 2015 study results demonstrate that progress is possible in the war against cancer. However, the major findings also highlight an unmet need for cancer prevention efforts, including tobacco control, vaccination, and the promotion of physical activity and a healthy diet.
Published: 2016

16. Global, regional, and national levels of neonatal, infant, and under-5 mortality during 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013

Author: Amankwaa, Adansi A, Wang, Yanping, Apfel, Henry, Iannarone, Marissa, Abera, Semaw Ferede, Liddell, Chelsea A, Zhou, Maigeng, Alvarez, Elena, Coates, Matthew M, Li, Yichong, Zhu, Jun, Lofgren, Katherine T, Dorrington, Rob E, Jacobs, Troy A, AlMazroa, Mohammad AbdulAziz, Phillips, Bryan, Achoki, Tom, Allen, Peter J, Adelekan, Ademola, Mooney, Meghan D, Ozgoren, Ayse Abbasoglu, Rakovac, Ivo, Alemu, Zewdie Aderaw, Abubakar, Ibrahim, Yang, Gonghuan, Liang, Xiaofeng, Schumacher, Austin E, Liu, Shiwei, Levitz, Carly E, Wang, Haidong, Sandar, Logan, and Ademi, Zanfina
Subjects: parasitic diseases
Abstract: Remarkable financial and political efforts have been focused on the reduction of child mortality during the past few decades. Timely measurements of levels and trends in under-5 mortality are important to assess progress towards the Millennium Development Goal 4 (MDG 4) target of reduction of child mortality by two thirds from 1990 to 2015, and to identify models of success.
Published: 2014
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17. Global, regional, and national levels of neonatal, infant, and under-5 mortality during 1990-2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013.

Author: Haidong Wang, Liddell, Chelsea A., Coates, Matthew M., Mooney, Meghan D., Levitz, Carly E., Schumacher, Austin E., Apfel, Henry, lannarone, Marissa, Phillips, Bryan, Lofgren, Katherine T., Sandar, Logan, Dorrington, Rob E., Rakovac, Ivo, Jacobs, Troy A., Xiaofeng Liang, Maigeng Zhou, Jun Zhu, Gonghuan Yang, Yanping Wang, and Shiwei Liu
Subjects: *CHILD mortality, *INFANT mortality, *NEONATAL mortality, *CHILDBIRTH
Abstract: The article discusses a study which examined global trends in neonatal, infant and under-5 mortality from 1990 to 2013. Topics discussed include a reduction in child mortality rate, an increase in the number of child births in 2013 as compared to 1990, and developing countries expected to achieve the Millennium Development Goal 4 (MDG 4).
Published: 2014
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18. Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 79 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks in 188 countries, 1990-2013

Author: Yong Zhao, Hadi Danawi, Bach Xuan Tran, Gene Bukhman, Vasiliki Stathopoulou, Taavi Tillmann, Nelson Alvis-Guzman, Yongmei Li, Jerry Puthenpurakal Abraham, Sudan Prasad Neupane, Jack Caravanos, Ben Schöttker, Rafael Lozano, Damian G Hoy, Yoshihiro Kokubo, Nicholas J K Breitborde, Sergey Soshnikov, Yukito Shinohara, Randall V. Martin, Michael Brainin, Fernando Perez-Ruiz, Yingfeng Zheng, Santosh Mishra, Julio Cesar Montañez Hernandez, Michael Phillips, Belinda J. Gabbe, Hebe N. Gouda, Ziad A. Memish, Rupert R A Bourne, Guoqing Hu, Emmanuel A. Ameh, Abigail McLain, Michelle L. Bell, Christopher Margono, Marissa Iannarone, Wilkister N. Moturi, Donald H. Silberberg, Carl Abelardo T. Antonio, Nataliya Foigt, Anand Dayama, Yanping Wang, Amanda J. Mason-Jones, Bolajoko O. Olusanya, Monica S. Vavilala, Katherine B Gibney, David Tanne, Sidibe S Kany Roseline, Marcella Montico, Abhishek Singh, Sarah Derrett, Alireza Esteghamati, Seok Jun Yoon, Corine Karema, Rakhi Dandona, David M. Pereira, Kazem Rahimi, Gitanjali M. Singh, Vivekanand Jha, John Hornberger, Anne M. Riederer, Kathryn H. Jacobsen, Andrea Pedroza, Lily Alexander, Fiona M. Blyth, Tommi Vasankari, Kyle J Foreman, Rana J. Asghar, Tilahun Nigatu Haregu, Yousef Khader, Rafael Alfonso-Cristancho, Suzanne Barker-Collo, Lydia S. Atkins, Simerjot K. Jassal, Mohammad Ali Sahraian, Peter Scarborough, Hans W. Hoek, E. Ray Dorsey, Muluken Dessalegn, David C. Schwebel, Gavin Shaddick, Thomas D. Fleming, Mohammad Tavakkoli, Dorairaj Prabhakaran, Mohammad H. Forouzanfar, Christopher C. Mapoma, Jost B. Jonas, Erin C Mullany, Gene F. Kwan, Johanna M. Geleijnse, Antonio Luiz Pinho Ribeiro, Roberto Tchio Talongwa, Tolesa Bekele, Jed D. Blore, Gunn Marit Aasvang, Philimon Gona, Miguel Angel Alegretti, Babak Eshrati, Mitsuru Mukaigawara, Richard F. Gillum, Odgerel Chimed-Ochir, Ubai Alsharif, Richard C. Franklin, Felix Masiye, Richard T. Burnett, Sanjay Krishnaswami, Martin McKee, John J Huang, Lucía Cuevas-Nasu, Wagner Marcenes, Walid Ammar, Knud Juel, Joseph R. Zunt, Martha M Téllez Rojo, Mamta Swaroop, Noela M Prasad, Azmeraw T. Amare, Tim Driscoll, Michael Kravchenko, Heresh Amini, Amir Sapkota, Theo Vos, Charlotte Watts, Dennis Odai Laryea, D. Alex Quistberg, Justin Beardsley, Cheng Huang, Adnan M. Durrani, Sarah V Thackway, Rita Van Dingenen, Manami Inoue, Martha Híjar, Honglei Chen, Amany H. Refaat, Yichong Li, Vineet K. Chadha, Wenzhi Wang, Louisa Degenhardt, Kingsley N. Ukwaja, Nayu Ikeda, James D. Wilkinson, Linh N Bui, Maria Hagströmer, Gonghuan Yang, Ann Kristin Knudsen, David J. Margolis, Soewarta Kosen, Hans Kromhout, Atsushi Goto, Man Mohan Mehndiratta, Thomas N. Williams, Michael Soljak, Yun Jin Kim, Hideaki Toyoshima, Jeyaraj D Pandian, Borja del Pozo-Cruz, Soufiane Boufous, Ivy Shiue, Anders Larsson, Guilherme V. Polanczyk, John Powles, Yara A. Halasa, Robin Room, Ratilal Lalloo, Carolina Batis Ruvalcaba, Panniyammakal Jeemon, Elisabete Weiderpass, Jürgen Rehm, Ejaz Ahmad Khan, Alicia Aleman, Zacharie Tsala Dimbuene, Elena Alvarez, Rachelle Buchbinder, Randah R. Hamadeh, Bryan Hubbell, Sadaf G. Sepanlou, Farhad Islami, Costas A. Christophi, Heidi Stöckl, Ismael R. Campos-Nonato, Nigel Bruce, Edward J Mills, Samuel A L Perry, Taavi Lai, Baffour Awuah, Mete Saylan, Karen J. Courville, Arindam Basu, Vanessa De la Cruz-Góngora, Teresita González de Cosío, Naohiro Yonemoto, Frida Namnyak Ngalesoni, Muluken Azage Yenesew, Atte Meretoja, Michael Brauer, Cyrus Cooper, Giorgia Giussani, Valentina S. Arsic Arsenijevic, Vasiliy Victorovich Vlassov, André Karch, Leilei Duan, Matthew M Coates, Omid Ameli, Gelin Xu, Matthias Endres, Ganesan Karthikeyan, Ione Jayce Ceola Schneider, Mohamed Hsairi, Palwasha Anwari, Mazin J. Al Khabouri, Dariush Mozaffarian, Juan R. Sanabria, Pablo M. Lavados, Sumeet S. Chugh, Johan Ärnlöv, Ivo Rakovac, Maurice Giroud, Haidong Kan, Ibrahim Abdelmageem Mohamed Ginawi, José Luis Texcalac-Sangrador, Luigi Naldi, Erica Leigh Slepak, Deena Alasfoor, James E. Saunders, Richard Matzopoulos, Talal Bakfalouni, Stein Emil Vollset, Andrea Werdecker, Lennert J. Veerman, Lorenzo Monasta, Henrica A. F. M. Jansen, Reyna A Gutiérrez, Brittany Wurtz, Luz Maria Sanchez, Lijing L. Yan, M. Patrice Lindsay, Michele Meltzer, Sanjay Basu, Steven van de Vijver, Alaa Badawi, Thomas Claßen, Young-Ho Khang, Brett M. Kissela, Jun Zhu, In-Hwan Oh, Fiona J Charlson, Maria Cecilia Bahit, Dinorah González-Castell, Rosario Cárdenas, Dan Poenaru, Sayed Saidul Alam, Mitchell T. Wallin, Harish Chander Gugnani, James Leigh, Ferrán Catalá-López, Lidia Morawska, Jim van Os, Stephanie J. London, Kaire Innos, Isabelle Romieu, Fiorella Cavalleri, Adrian Davis, Hwee Pin Phua, Chakib Nejjari, Héctor Gómez Dantés, Boris I. Pavlin, Karen Sliwa, Lynne Gaffikin, Constance D. Pond, Michael F. MacIntyre, Blake Thomson, Norberto Perico, Ronny Westerman, Samantha M. Colquhoun, Michael H. Criqui, Ana Maria Nogales Vasconcelos, Wubegzier Mekonnen, Bulat Idrisov, Ana Basto-Abreu, Andrew G. M. Bulloch, Jasvinder A. Singh, Vinod K. Paul, Emin Murat Tuzcu, Svetlana Popova, Hmwe H Kyu, Richard L. Guerrant, Mohammed I. Albittar, Srikanth Mangalam, Steven E. Lipshultz, Lela Sturua, Semaw Ferede Abera, Eduardo Bernabé, George D. Thurston, Bruno F. Sunguya, Tiffany Ku, Alejandra G. Contreras, Abdullah Sulieman Terkawi, Charles Atkinson, Ashkan Afshin, Heidi J. Larson, Abdullatif Husseini, Jose C. Adsuar, Reza Assadi, Ademola Lukman Adelekan, Joshua A. Salomon, Yousef M. Elshrek, Gokalp Kadri Yentur, Devina Nand, Narayanaswamy Venketasubramanian, Graça Maria Ferreira De Lima, Maheswar Satpathy, Fotis Topouzis, Traolach S. Brugha, Hywel C Williams, Coen H. Van Gool, Andrew H. Kemp, Awoke Misganaw, Amado D Quezada, Norito Kawakami, Bert Brunekreef, Peter Burney, Tati S. Warouw, Jongmin Lee, Inga Dora Sigfusdottir, Marcel Tanner, Solveig A. Cunningham, Benjamin O. Anderson, Tariku Jibat Beyene, Lars Barregard, Xia Wan, Giuseppe Remuzzi, Bernadette Thomas, Lilia S Pedraza, Massimo Cirillo, Alina Rodriguez, Ricky Leung, Farshad Pourmalek, K. Srinath Reddy, Charles D.A. Wolfe, Ulrich O Mueller, Neeraj Bedi, Al Artaman, Lucia Hernandez, Itamar S. Santos, C. Arden Pope, Norlinah Mohamed Ibrahim, Carlo Irwin A. Panelo, Selen Begüm Uzun, Miltiadis K. Tsilimbaris, Anwar Rafay, Daniel Dicker, Melvin Barrientos Marzan, Sajjad Ur Rahman, Mohammed O. Basulaiman, Edgar P. Simard, Mohammad T Mashal, Maysaa El Sayed Zaki, Shiwei Liu, Don C. Des Jarlais, Bo Norrving, Salvador Villalpando, Miia Kivipelto, Yang Liu, Carolina Maria Teixeira, Catalina Medina, Sudha Jayaraman, Josep Maria Haro, Diego De Leo, Angel J Paternina Caicedo, Abigail C. McKay, Eric L. Ding, Mukesh Dherani, Ljiljana Pejin Stokic, Vinay Nangia, Sukanta Saha, Juan Liang, Elisabeth Cardis, Zourkaleini Younoussi, José R Nogueira, Braden Te Ao, Vasco Manuel Pedro Machado, Lionel Racapé, Ting Wu Chuang, Shahab Khatibzadeh, E Filipa de Castro, Barthelemy Kuate Defo, Ulises Trujillo, Alan D. Lopez, Soraya Seedat, Lope H Barrero, Linhong Wang, Daniel Pope, Alexandra Brazinova, Faris Lami, Valentina Colistro, G Anil Kumar, Derek F J Fay, Haidong Wang, Hwashin H. Shin, Raimundas Lunevicius, Suzanne Polinder, Dietrich Plass, David Rojas-Rueda, Stephen S Lim, Tania G Sánchez-Pimienta, K.M. Venkat Narayan, Yuantao Hao, Jung-Chen Chang, Corina Benjet, Seyed-Mohammad Fereshtehnejad, Luciano A. Sposato, Stan Biryukov, Kunihiro Matsushita, Beth E. Ebel, Cleusa P. Ferri, Soumya Swaminathan, K. Ryan Wessells, Gustavo Velasquez-Melendez, Leslie T. Cooper, David O. Carpenter, Nancy Lopez, Bryan L. Sykes, Sandra Nolte, Murray B. Stein, Paul N. Jensen, Fabiola Mejía-Rodríguez, Xiaonong Zou, Bradford D. Gessner, Dhruv S. Kazi, Dragos Virgil Davitoiu, Alejandra Jáuregui, Pouria Heydarpour, Megan Bohensky, Harvey Whiteford, Berrak Bora Basara, Zhengming Chen, Gregory R. Wagner, Paul I. Dargan, Hermann Brenner, Nima Hafezi-Nejad, John Nelson Opio, Scott Weichenthal, Deborah Salvo, Jun She, Tea Lallukka, Carolyn C. Gotay, Stephen G. Waller, Christian Kieling, Shivanthi Balalla, Valery L. Feigin, Qing Lan, Matias Trillini, Adam D M Briggs, Sungroul Kim, Niveen M E Abu-Rmeileh, Renata Micha, Sergey Petrovich Ermakov, Ole Frithjof Norheim, Zulfiqar A Bhutta, Paul S. F. Yip, Grant Nguyen, Ralph L. Sacco, Biju Abraham, Ken Takahashi, Jixiang Ma, Peter A. Meaney, Ayse Abbasoglu Ozgoren, Kimberly Cooperrider, M Rifat Kose, Shams Eldin Ali Hassan Khalifa, Rasmus Havmoeller, Alize J. Ferrari, Kebede Deribe, Nadim E. Karam, George A. Mensah, Bongani M. Mayosi, Konrad Pesudovs, Joanna Moschandreas, Ziad Nahas, James Damsere-Derry, Nsanzimana Sabin, Tonatiuh Barrientos-Gutiérrez, Ying Jiang, Andre Pascal Kengne, Peter Allebeck, Jonas Minet Kinge, Shankuan Zhu, Guy B. Marks, Daniel C Casey, Marco A Avila, Anna Roca, Lalit Dandona, Ami R. Moore, Adansi A. Amankwaa, David Gunnell, Andre Keren, Yohannes Adama Melaku, Nhung T Nguyen, Anthony D. Woolf, Mayuree Rao, Peter J. Allen, Christina Papachristou, Karzan Abdulmuhsin Mohammad, Ravi Kumar Balu, Marie Ng, Marcello Tonelli, Maziar Moradi-Lakeh, Maigeng Zhou, Emmanuela Gakidou, Mohammed K. Ali, Amanda W Pain, Dan J. Stein, Kawkab Shishani, Fortuné Gbètoho Gankpé, Howard J. Hoffman, James Scott, Nadine Steckling, Samia Alhabib, Deborah Jarvis, Kara Estep, Arsène Kouablan Adou, Ricardo Orozco, Holly Hagan, K. C. Astha, Reza Malekzadeh, Klara Dokova, Aliya Naheed, Ernst J. Kuipers, Valeria Caso, Derrick A Bennett, Andrea B. Feigl, Uche S. Uchendu, Holly E. Erskine, Shireen Sindi, Arjun Lakshmana Balaji, Francesco Saverio Violante, Monika Sawhney, Alejandra Cantoral, Ketevan Goginashvili, Raghib Ali, Fan Jiang, Robert G. Weintraub, Homie Razavi, Myriam Tobollik, Howard Hu, Emerito Jose A. Faraon, Irma Khonelidze, Patricia M. Riccio, Eun-Kee Park, Julio Cesar Campuzano, Ibrahim Abubakar, Jürgen C Schmidt, Konstantinos Stroumpoulis, Aref A. Bin Abdulhak, Graeme J. Hankey, Natan M. Bornstein, Mouhanad Hammami, Lee Richardson, Rintaro Mori, Alanur Çavlin, Ruth W Kimokoti, Samir Soneji, Mark J. Nieuwenhuijsen, John Q. Wong, Joseph Frostad, Tom Achoki, Rahman Shiri, Ashish Bhalla, Kurt Straif, Simon I. Hay, Scott B. Patten, Kalpana Balakrishnan, Awoke Misganaw Temesgen, Chandrashekhar T Sreeramareddy, Ryan M Barber, Rosana E. Norman, JianLi Wang, Siyi Shangguan, Luke Nyakarahuka, Kovin Naidoo, Charles D. H. Parry, Mercedes Colomar, H. Ross Anderson, Carlos Magis-Rodriguez, Joan M. Nolla, Muhammad Imran Nisar, Karen Devries, Andrew L. Thorne-Lyman, Denis Nash, Marape Marape, Rajiv Chowdhury, Dima M. Qato, Luca Ronfani, Nobhojit Roy, Daniel Kim, Yuichiro Yano, Luke D. Knibbs, Margaret Robinson, Hilda L Harb, Rogelio Pérez-Padilla, Janet L Leasher, Jonathan L. Wright, Peter Brooks, Cristiana Abbafati, Belinda K Lloyd, Victor Aboyans, Nikhil Tandon, Charles R. Newton, Simón Barquera, Ted R. Miller, Kinnari S. Murthy, Habib Benzian, Glen Mola, Paulo A. Lotufo, Burcu Kucuk Bicer, Peggy Pei-Chia Chiang, Alexander Kraemer, Solomon Meseret Woldeyohannes, Saman Fahimi, Lesley Rushton, Kim Moesgaard Iburg, Vafa Rahimi-Movaghar, Logan Sandar, Bruce Neal, Teresa Shamah Levy, Karen M. Tabb, Jeffrey A. Towbin, Christopher J L Murray, Ramesh Sahathevan, Aaron Cohen, Chanda Kulkarni, Van C. Lansingh, François Alla, Tasara T. Mazorodze, Murugesan Raju, Saeid Shahraz, Uchechukwu K.A. Sampson, Rajeev Gupta, Neil Pearce, Mustafa Z. Younis, Veena S. Kulkarni, Francisco A García-Guerra, Amanda G. Thrift, Stefan Ma, Samaya Ismayilova, Evariste Gasana, Amitava Banerjee, Aslam Pervaiz, Emilie Agardh, Abraham D. Flaxman, Farshad Farzadfar, Peter W. Gething, Ileana Heredia-Pi, Boris Bikbov, Wanqing Chen, Saad B. Omer, Ruben Castro, Neeraj Bhala, Sara Sheikhbahaei, Hilton Lam, Urbano Fra Paleo, Lidia Sanchez-Riera, Alicia Elena Beatriz Lawrynowicz, Kristen Delwiche, Richard G. Ellenbogen, Max Petzold, Yuri Y Varakin, Guilherme Borges, Guohong Jiang, Francis Guillemin, Kyle R. Heuton, Yohannes Kinfu, Victoria F Bachman, Joseph A Wagner, Carlos A Castañeda-Orjuela, Leonardo Trasande, Abbas Ali Mahdi, Josef Coresh, Chuanhua Yu, Kenji Shibuya, Berrin Serdar, Laetitia Huiart, Xiaofeng Liang, Jean de Dieu Ngirabega, Takayoshi Ohkubo, Natalie Stephens, Francis Apolinary Mhimbira, Jefferson Traebert, Amiran Gamkrelidze, Kjetil Søreide, Samath D Dharmaratne, Robert P. Dellavalle, George Mugambage Ruhago, Lakshmi Vijayakumar, Joannie Lortet-Tieulent, Dipan Bose, Tania C Aburto, Saleem M Rana, Miriam Levi, Mohammad Taghi Hedayati, Rodolfo S Pagcatipunan, Ron T. Gansevoort, H. D. Hosgood, Michael Burch, Mohsen Naghavi, Vegard Skirbekk, Ayfer Pekericli, Walter Mendoza, Pengpeng Ye, Gabrielle deVeber, Ali H. Mokdad, David M. Broday, Koranteng Adofo, Zewdie Aderaw Alemu, Shifalika Goenka, Carrie Beth Peterson, Nicolas J. C. Stapelberg, Edson Serván-Mori, Anil Kaul, Foad Abd-Allah, Marek Majdan, Rahul Gupta, Giancarlo Logroscino, Kardiyoloji, Peterson, Carrie B., Laboratoire de Physique des Solides (LPS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Wisconsin Division of Public Health, Laboratoire de psychologie sociale et de psychologie cognitive (LAPSCO), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP), Erosion torrentielle neige et avalanches (UR ETGR (ETNA)), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), London South Bank University, Metropolitan Police Service, Hong Kong Baptist University (HKBU), Institut für Informatik [München/Munich] (LMU), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU), Neuroépidémiologie Tropicale (NET), Institut Génomique, Environnement, Immunité, Santé, Thérapeutique (GEIST), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-CHU Limoges-Institut d'Epidémiologie Neurologique et de Neurologie Tropicale-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Service de Chirurgie Thoracique et Vasculaire - Médecine vasculaire [CHU Limoges], CHU Limoges, Insight Centre for Data Analytics [Galway] (INSIGHT), National University of Ireland [Galway] (NUI Galway), Maladies chroniques, santé perçue, et processus d'adaptation (APEMAC), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Centre d'Investigation Clinique - Epidemiologie Clinique/essais Cliniques Nancy, Cancéropôle du Grand Est-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Karolinska Institute, karolinska institute, Department of Molecular Biosciences, Department of Molecular Biosciences [Oslo], Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences [Oslo], University of Oslo (UiO)-University of Oslo (UiO)-Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences [Oslo], University of Oslo (UiO)-University of Oslo (UiO), Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Zonas Aridas (CEAZA), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Regional Genetic Service, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester, Laboratoire d'Ingénierie des Matériaux (LIM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Computer Science Department [Bristol], University of Bristol [Bristol], Universität Mannheim [Mannheim], Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [Berkeley] (LBNL), Samsung Research &Development Institute India - Bangalore (Groupe Samsung) (SRI-B), Computational Science and Engineering Department [Daresbury] (STFC), Science & Technologie Facilities Council, Multimedia Research Center (MRC), University of Alberta, Division of Biostatistics (Biostat - MINNEAPOLIS), University of Minnesota [Twin Cities], University of Minnesota System-University of Minnesota System, University of Southampton, Imperial College London, Neurology Department, Ichilov Medical Center, Interactions, transferts, ruptures artistiques et culturels - EA 6301 (InTRu), Université de Tours, Institut Jacques Monod (IJM (UMR_7592)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, University Medical Center [Utrecht], Risk Assessment Sciences Institute, Utrecht University [Utrecht], Unité de Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative (BFA (UMR_8251 / U1133)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Respiratory Epidemiology and Public Health, Imperial College London-Royal Brompton Hospital-National Heart and Lung Institute [UK], CIBER de Epidemiología y Salud Pública (CIBERESP), STAR laboratory, Stanford University [Stanford], Unité de recherche Virologie et Immunologie Moléculaires (VIM), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Tennent Institute of Ophthalmology, National University of Singapore (NUS), Centre de Robotique (CAOR), MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL), Multidisciplinary Nanotechnology Centre, Swansea University, Cyprus International Institute for the Environment and Public Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Genomics Research Center, Academia Sinica, Neuro Rehab Services LLP [New Delhi], Department of Signal Theory and Communications (TSC), Univ. Politec. de Catalunya, King‘s College London, Dept. Mat. Engn. De Ma, Sao Carlos, Fed. Univ. Sao Carlos UFSCar, RESPEC (RESPEC), RESPEC, Advanced Laboratories on Embedded Systems [Roma] (ALES), Department of Biology [Miami], University of Miami [Coral Gables], Health Care, Minister Of Labour-Ministry of Labor, Health and Social Affairs, Department of Nephrology, University Medical Center, University of Groningen, Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University and Research Centre [Wageningen] (WUR), Spatial Ecology and Epidemiology Group, University of Oxford [Oxford], College of Medicine, University of Hail, Saudi Arabia, Laboratory of Neurologic Diseases, Mario Negri Institute, Milan, Department of Civil Engineering [Hamirpur], National Institute of Technology [Hamirpur], GEMMA — Environmental Engineering and Microbiology Research Group, Department of Hydraulic, Maritime and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya [Barcelona] (UPC), Department of Biosciences and Nutrition, Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm], Institut National de Recherche et d'Analyse Physico-Chimique (INRAP), Institut National de Recherche et d'Analyse Physico-chimique (Ariana, Tunisie) (INRAP), Franche-Comté Électronique Mécanique, Thermique et Optique - Sciences et Technologies (UMR 6174) (FEMTO-ST), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et des Microtechniques (ENSMM)-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM), Obesity Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences [Tehran] (SBUMS), Shahid Beheshti University-Shahid Beheshti University, Center for Applied Medical Research (CIMA), University of Tehran, Secretariat of the Pacific Community, Public Health Division, Sociétés, Acteurs, Gouvernement en Europe (SAGE), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), College of Precision Instrument and Optoelectronics Engineering, Tianjin University, George Washington University (GW), Sciences Economiques et Sociales de la Santé & Traitement de l'Information Médicale (SESSTIM - U912 INSERM - Aix Marseille Univ - IRD), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Universiteit Gent [Ghent], Washington State University (WSU), Laboratoire de Physique de l'ENS Lyon (Phys-ENS), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, School of Computer Science - China University of Geosciences (China University of Geosciences (East Area)), Centre de Recherche en Automatique de Nancy (CRAN), Université de Lorraine (UL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL), Fachbereich Physik [Berlin], Freie Universität Berlin, Div Cyclotron & Radiopharmaceut Sci (DRDO, INMAS), Univ New Delhi, School of Physics and Astronomy, University of St Andrews [Scotland], University of Cape Town, Department of Neuroscience, Department of Computer Science and Engineering [Daejeon] (Chungnam National University), Lawrence University, Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Tata Research Development and Design Center (TRDDC), TCS Innovation Labs, University of Helsinki, Google Inc [Mountain View], Research at Google, Swedish Defense Research Agency (FOI), Servicio de Neurologia (SANTIAGO - Neurologie), Universidad del Desarrollo, Novartis Pharmaceutical Corporation, Laboratoire de glaciologie et géophysique de l'environnement (LGGE), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble [1985-2015] (OSUG [1985-2015]), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology [2007-2019] (Grenoble INP [2007-2019])-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology [2007-2019] (Grenoble INP [2007-2019])-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering (CAD Laboratory), The Chinese University of Hong Kong [Hong Kong], Università degli studi di Bari, Department of Health and Human Services, National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH), Centre d'études et de recherche en informatique et communications (CEDRIC), Ecole Nationale Supérieure d'Informatique pour l'Industrie et l'Entreprise (ENSIIE)-Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] (CNAM), Heuristique et Diagnostic des Systèmes Complexes [Compiègne] (Heudiasyc), Université de Technologie de Compiègne (UTC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), College of Information and Electrical Engineering [Beijing] (CIEE), China Agricultural University (CAU), Thales Research and Technology [Palaiseau], THALES, Department of Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases, Medical University of Lublin, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London (QMUL), Centre d'économie de la Sorbonne (CES), Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Paris School of Economics (PSE), École supérieure du professorat et de l'éducation - Académie de Grenoble [2013-2019] (ESPE Grenoble [2013-2019]), Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), Department of Mathematics, University of Iowa [Iowa City], College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Saudi Ministry of Health, Institut national des recherches agricoles du Bénin, Centre de Recherches agricoles du Sud, Departments of Epidemiology and Nutrition, Unit of Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Department of Animal Science, Pennsylvania State University (Penn State), Penn State System-Penn State System, University of Virginia, University of Virginia [Charlottesville], Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS ‘‘Burlo Garofolo', Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital [Boston], American University of Beirut [Beyrouth] (AUB), Department of Chemistry, Scientific Computing Research Unit, Department of dermatology, Milano University-Azienda Ospedaleria Ospedali Riuniti di Bergamo, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University [New York], The Georges Institute for International Health, The University of Sydney, Department of epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Département Optique (OPT), Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Laboratoire des signaux et systèmes (L2S), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universitat Pompeu Fabra [Barcelona], Center for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Universitat Pompeu Fabra [Barcelona]-Catalunya ministerio de salud, Nutriments Lipidiques et Prévention des Maladies Métaboliques, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2, Department of Neurology Lunds University Hospital Lund, Unit of Functional Bionanomaterials, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham [Birmingham], Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department - Case Western Reserve University, Case Western Reserve University [Cleveland], World Health Organization, Organisation Mondiale de la Santé / World Health Organization Office (OMS / WHO), Nordic School of Public Health, The James Hutton Institute, Horia Hulubei National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington [Seattle], Institute of Public Health, Department of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, Center for TeleInFrastruktur (CTIF), Aalborg University [Denmark] (AAU), Physikalisches Institut [Freiburg], Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Savoirs, Textes, Langage (STL) - UMR 8163 (STL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Lille, Dept.of Computer Science, Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IIT Madras), Istituto Mario Negri Bergamo, Centro Ricerche e Trapianti Villa Camozzi, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho [São José do Rio Preto] (UNESP), Laboratoire de Génie Informatique et Ingénierie de Production (LGI2P), IMT - MINES ALES (IMT - MINES ALES), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Institut geològic de Catalunya (IGC), Institut Geològic de Catalunya-IGC, Institut Cochin (IC UM3 (UMR 8104 / U1016)), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physiologie et Génomique des Poissons (LPGP), Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique )-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), Symantec, University of Oviedo, European Microsoft Innovation Center (EMIC), Microsoft Corporation [Redmond, Wash.], Technion - Israel Institute of Technology [Haifa], Laboratoire de Mécanique, Physique et Géosciences (LMPG), Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Department of Physics, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Laboratoire de Probabilités et Modèles Aléatoires (LPMA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), Departments of Applied Physics [New Haven], Yale University [New Haven], Center for Mathematical Modeling (CMM), Department of Global Health and Development, London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine (LSHTM), University of Occupational and Environmental Health [Kitakyushu] (UEOH), Department of Computer Science and Engineering [New Delhi], Indian Institute of Technology Delhi (IIT Delhi), Institut de Recherche sur les Phénomènes Hors Equilibre (IRPHE), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), GlaxoSmithKline, Imperial College London-Clinical Imaging Center, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco [Recife] (UFPE), Maclean Building, Benson Lane, Crowmarsh Gifford, Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Nanoscience Institute (NEST), Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Laboratory Of Immune Cell Biology (LICB), JRC Institute for Environment and Sustainability (IES), European Commission - Joint Research Centre [Ispra] (JRC), Institute of Human Genetics, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Laboratorio Nacional de Computação Cientifica [Rio de Janeiro] (LNCC / MCT), Occupational Health Unit, Bologna University Hospital-Sant'Orsola-Malpighi Polyclinic, Royal Institute of Technology [Stockholm] (KTH ), NICTA [Eveleigh], National ICT Australia [Sydney] (NICTA), Division of Solid Mechanics, Lund University [Lund], University of Calgary, BioWare Corp, Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Institut d'Histoire et de Philosophie des Sciences et des Techniques (IHPST), Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département d'Etudes Cognitives - ENS Paris (DEC), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Imaging Sciences and Biomedical Engineering Division [London], Guy's and St Thomas' Hospital [London]-King‘s College London, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia (CHOP ), Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania [Philadelphia], Laboratoire de recherche en Hydrodynamique, Énergétique et Environnement Atmosphérique (LHEEA), École Centrale de Nantes (ECN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche en Génie Civil et Mécanique (GeM), Université de Nantes - Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques, Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-École Centrale de Nantes (ECN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Physiology, Augusta University - Medical College of Georgia, University System of Georgia (USG)-University System of Georgia (USG), Neurorestoration Group, Wolfson Centre for Age-related Diseases-King‘s College London, Electronic Navigation Research Institute (ENRI), Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism, Department of Computer Science [KAIST] (CS), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Centre for Undergraduate Studies, University of the Punjab, Siemens Corporate Research, Siemens AG [Munich], University of Massachusetts [Boston] (UMass Boston), University of Massachusetts System (UMASS), Department of Materials Science, Sichuan University [Chengdu] (SCU), Natl Engn Res Ctr Vegetables, Key Lab Biol & Genet Improvement Hort Crops N Chi, Beijing Acad Agr & Forestry Sci, University Hospital Puerta de Hierro, Madrid, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 (UBP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris-PSL Research University (PSL), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et des Microtechniques (ENSMM)-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), MOLTECH-ANJOU (MOLTECH-ANJOU), Université d'Angers (UA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidad de Santiago de Chile [Santiago] (USACH)-Universidad del Desarrollo, Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École supérieure du professorat et de l'éducation - Académie de Grenoble (ESPE Grenoble), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), California Institute of Technology (CALTECH)-NASA, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CentraleSupélec-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA)-Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidad de Santiago de Chile [Santiago] (USACH), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), King‘s College London-Wolfson Centre for Age-related Diseases, Sichuan University, Universitat de Barcelona, Interne Geneeskunde, Medische Sociologie, MUMC+: MA Psychiatrie (3), MUMC+: Hersen en Zenuw Centrum (3), Psychiatrie & Neuropsychologie, CHU Limoges-Institut d'Epidémiologie Neurologique et de Neurologie Tropicale-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Génomique, Environnement, Immunité, Santé, Thérapeutique (GEIST), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology [2007-2019] (Grenoble INP [2007-2019])-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology [2007-2019] (Grenoble INP [2007-2019])-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Télécom Bretagne-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Cardiovascular Centre (CVC), Groningen Kidney Center (GKC), RS: MHeNs - R2 - Mental Health, Laboratoire de Physique des Solides ( LPS ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire de psychologie sociale et de psychologie cognitive ( LAPSCO ), Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand 2 ( UBP ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Erosion torrentielle neige et avalanches ( UR ETGR ), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture ( IRSTEA ), Hong Kong Baptist University ( HKBU ), Institut für Informatik [München/Munich] ( LMU ), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Neuroépidémiologie Tropicale ( NET ), CHU Limoges-Institut d'Epidémiologie Neurologique et de Neurologie Tropicale-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Institut Génomique, Environnement, Immunité, Santé, Thérapeutique ( GEIST ), Université de Limoges ( UNILIM ) -Université de Limoges ( UNILIM ), Insight Centre for Data Analytics (National University of Ireland Galway (NUIG)) ( INSIGHT ), Maladies chroniques, santé perçue, et processus d'adaptation ( APEMAC ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Université de Lorraine ( UL ), Cancéropôle du Grand Est-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), University of Oslo ( UiO ) -University of Oslo ( UiO ), Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Zonas Aridas ( CEAZA ), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne ( EPFL ), Laboratoire d'Ingénierie des Matériaux ( LIM ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [Berkeley] ( LBNL ), Samsung Research &Development Institute India - Bangalore (Groupe Samsung) ( SRI-B ), Computational Science and Engineering Department [Daresbury] ( STFC ), Multimedia Research Center ( MRC ), University of Alberta [Edmonton], Division of Biostatistics ( Biostat - MINNEAPOLIS ), University of Minnesota [Minneapolis], University of Southampton [Southampton], Interactions, transferts, ruptures artistiques et culturels - EA 6301 ( InTRu ), Institut Jacques Monod ( IJM ), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), University Medical Center Utrecht, Biologie Fonctionnelle et Adaptative ( BFA ), Imperial College London-Royal Brompton Hospital-National Heart and Lung Institute, Unité de recherche Virologie et Immunologie Moléculaires ( VIM ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ), National University of Singapore ( NUS ), Centre de Robotique ( CAOR ), MINES ParisTech - École nationale supérieure des mines de Paris-PSL Research University ( PSL ), Department of Signal Theory and Communications ( TSC ), RESPEC ( RESPEC ), Advanced Laboratories on Embedded Systems [Roma] ( ALES ), Wageningen University and Research Centre [Wageningen] ( WUR ), Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya [Barcelona] ( UPC ), Institut National de Recherche et d'Analyse Physico-Chimique ( INRAP ), Institut National de Recherche et d'Analyse Physico-chimique (INRAP-Tunisie), Franche-Comté Électronique Mécanique, Thermique et Optique - Sciences et Technologies (UMR 6174) ( FEMTO-ST ), Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et des Microtechniques ( ENSMM ) -Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard ( UTBM ), Tehran University, Sociétés, Acteurs, Gouvernement en Europe ( SAGE ), Université de Strasbourg ( UNISTRA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Sciences Economiques et Sociales de la Santé & Traitement de l'Information Médicale ( SESSTIM - U912 INSERM - AMU - IRD ), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement ( IRD ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Washington State University ( WSU ), Laboratoire de Physique de l'ENS Lyon ( Phys-ENS ), École normale supérieure - Lyon ( ENS Lyon ) -Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut des Sciences Chimiques de Rennes ( ISCR ), Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Chimie de Rennes-Institut National des Sciences Appliquées ( INSA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse ( IRIT ), Institut National Polytechnique [Toulouse] ( INP ) -Université Toulouse 1 Capitole ( UT1 ) -Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès ( UT2J ) -Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier ( UPS ), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre de Recherche en Automatique de Nancy ( CRAN ), Université de Lorraine ( UL ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Université Catholique de Louvain ( UCL ), Freie Universität Berlin [Berlin], Div Cyclotron & Radiopharmaceut Sci ( DRDO, INMAS ), Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay ( IPNO ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Tata Research Development and Design Center ( TRDDC ), Laboratoire MOLTECH-Anjou [Angers] ( MOLTECH ANJOU ), Université d'Angers ( UA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), University of Helsinki [Helsinki], Swedish Defense Research Agency ( FOI ), Servicio de Neurologia ( SANTIAGO - Neurologie ), Universidad de Santiago de Chile [Santiago] ( USACH ) -Universidad del Desarrollo, Novartis Pharmaceutical Corp., East Hanover NJ 07936, USA, Laboratoire de glaciologie et géophysique de l'environnement ( LGGE ), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble ( OSUG ), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ) -Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering ( CAD Laboratory ), National Institutes of Health ( NIH ), Centre d'étude et de recherche en informatique et communications ( CEDRIC ), Ecole Nationale Supérieure d'Informatique pour l'Industrie et l'Entreprise ( ENSIIE ) -Conservatoire National des Arts et Métiers [CNAM] ( CNAM ), Heuristique et Diagnostic des Systèmes Complexes [Compiègne] ( Heudiasyc ), Université de Technologie de Compiègne ( UTC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), College of Information and Electrical Engineering [Beijing] ( CIEE ), China Agricultural University ( CAU ), Queen Mary University of London ( QMUL ), Centre d'économie de la Sorbonne ( CES ), Université Panthéon-Sorbonne ( UP1 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Paris School of Economics ( PSE ), École supérieure du professorat et de l'éducation - Académie de Grenoble ( ESPE Grenoble ), Université Savoie Mont Blanc ( USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry] ) -Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ), PennState University [Pennsylvania] ( PSU ), Jet Propulsion Laboratory ( JPL ), NASA-California Institute of Technology ( CALTECH ), American University of Beirut [Beyrouth], The University of Sydney [Sydney], Département Optique ( OPT ), Université européenne de Bretagne ( UEB ) -Télécom Bretagne-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris], Laboratoire des signaux et systèmes ( L2S ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -CentraleSupélec-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Center for Research in Environmental Epidemiology ( CREAL ), Université de la Méditerranée - Aix-Marseille 2-Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Center for TeleInFrastruktur ( CTIF ), Aalborg University [Denmark] ( AAU ), Savoirs, Textes, Langage (STL) - UMR 8163 ( STL ), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Indian Institute of Technology Madras ( IIT Madras ), Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita ( UNESP ), Laboratoire de Génie Informatique et Ingénierie de Production ( LGI2P ), IMT - Mines Alès Ecole Mines - Télécom ( IMT - MINES ALES ), Institut geològic de Catalunya ( IGC ), Institut Cochin ( UM3 (UMR 8104 / U1016) ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire de Physiologie et Génomique des Poissons ( LPGP ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ) -Structure Fédérative de Recherche en Biologie et Santé de Rennes ( Biosit : Biologie - Santé - Innovation Technologique ), Politecnico di Milano [Milan], European Microsoft Innovation Center ( EMIC ), Laboratoire de Mécanique, Physique et Géosciences ( LMPG ), Université Le Havre Normandie ( ULH ), Normandie Université ( NU ) -Normandie Université ( NU ), University of Cambridge [UK] ( CAM ), Laboratoire de Probabilités et Modèles Aléatoires ( LPMA ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire ( IGBMC ), Université de Strasbourg ( UNISTRA ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Center for Mathematical Modeling ( CMM ), Universidad de Santiago de Chile [Santiago] ( USACH ), London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine ( LSHTM ), University of Occupational and Environmental Health [Kitakyushu] ( UEOH ), Indian Institute of Technology Delhi ( IIT Delhi ), Institut de Recherche sur les Phénomènes Hors Equilibre ( IRPHE ), Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Ecole Centrale de Marseille ( ECM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Universidade Federal de Pernambuco [Recife] ( UFPE ), Nanoscience Institute ( NEST ), Laboratory Of Immune Cell Biology ( LICB ), JRC Institute for Environment and Sustainability ( IES ), European Commission - Joint Research Centre [Ispra] ( JRC ), Bonn Universität [Bonn], Laboratorio Nacional de Computação Cientifica [Rio de Janeiro] ( LNCC / MCT ), Royal Institute of Technology [Stockholm] ( KTH ), National ICT Australia [Sydney] ( NICTA ), Institut d'Histoire et de Philosophie des Sciences et des Techniques ( IHPST ), Université Panthéon-Sorbonne ( UP1 ) -Département d'Etudes Cognitives - ENS Paris ( DEC ), École normale supérieure - Paris ( ENS Paris ) -École normale supérieure - Paris ( ENS Paris ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Ghent University [Belgium] ( UGENT ), Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia ( CHOP ), Univeristy of Pennsylvania Medical School, Laboratoire de recherche en Hydrodynamique, Énergétique et Environnement Atmosphérique ( LHEEA ), École Centrale de Nantes ( ECN ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut de Recherche en Génie Civil et Mécanique ( GeM ), Université de Nantes ( UN ) -École Centrale de Nantes ( ECN ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Medical College of Georgia, Electronic Navigation Research Institute ( ENRI ), Department of Computer Science [KAIST] ( CS ), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology ( KAIST ), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire ( LAL ), University of Massachusetts [Boston] ( UMass Boston ), Forouzanfar, Mohammad H, Alexander, Lily, Anderson, H. Ro, Bachman, Victoria F, Biryukov, Stan, Brauer, Michael, Burnett, Richard, Casey, Daniel, Coates, Matthew M, Cohen, Aaron, Delwiche, Kristen, Estep, Kara, Frostad, Joseph J, Kc, Astha, Kyu, Hmwe H, Moradi Lakeh, Maziar, Ng, Marie, Slepak, Erica Leigh, Thomas, Bernadette A, Wagner, Joseph, Aasvang, Gunn Marit, Abbafati, Cristiana, Ozgoren, Ayse Abbasoglu, Abd Allah, Foad, Abera, Semaw F, Aboyans, Victor, Abraham, Biju, Abraham, Jerry Puthenpurakal, Abubakar, Ibrahim, Abu Rmeileh, Niveen M. E, Aburto, Tania C, Achoki, Tom, Adelekan, Ademola, Adofo, Koranteng, Adou, Arsène K, Adsuar, José C, Afshin, Ashkan, Agardh, Emilie E, Al Khabouri, Mazin J, Al Lami, Faris H, Alam, Sayed Saidul, Alasfoor, Deena, Albittar, Mohammed I, Alegretti, Miguel A, Aleman, Alicia V, Alemu, Zewdie A, Alfonso Cristancho, Rafael, Alhabib, Samia, Ali, Raghib, Ali, Mohammed K, Alla, Françoi, Allebeck, Peter, Allen, Peter J, Alsharif, Ubai, Alvarez, Elena, Alvis Guzman, Nelson, Amankwaa, Adansi A, Amare, Azmeraw T, Ameh, Emmanuel A, Ameli, Omid, Amini, Heresh, Ammar, Walid, Anderson, Benjamin O, Antonio, Carl Abelardo T, Anwari, Palwasha, Cunningham, Solveig Argeseanu, Arnlöv, Johan, Arsenijevic, Valentina S. Arsic, Artaman, Al, Asghar, Rana J, Assadi, Reza, Atkins, Lydia S, Atkinson, Charle, Avila, Marco A, Awuah, Baffour, Badawi, Alaa, Bahit, Maria C, Bakfalouni, Talal, Balakrishnan, Kalpana, Balalla, Shivanthi, Balu, Ravi Kumar, Banerjee, Amitava, Barber, Ryan M, Barker Collo, Suzanne L, Barquera, Simon, Barregard, Lar, Barrero, Lope H, Barrientos Gutierrez, Tonatiuh, Basto Abreu, Ana C, Basu, Arindam, Basu, Sanjay, Basulaiman, Mohammed O, Ruvalcaba, Carolina Bati, Beardsley, Justin, Bedi, Neeraj, Bekele, Tolesa, Bell, Michelle L, Benjet, Corina, Bennett, Derrick A, Benzian, Habib, Bernabé, Eduardo, Beyene, Tariku J, Bhala, Neeraj, Bhalla, Ashish, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A, Bikbov, Bori, Abdulhak, Aref A. Bin, Blore, Jed D, Blyth, Fiona M, Bohensky, Megan A, Başara, Berrak Bora, Borges, Guilherme, Bornstein, Natan M, Bose, Dipan, Boufous, Soufiane, Bourne, Rupert R, Brainin, Michael, Brazinova, Alexandra, Breitborde, Nicholas J, Brenner, Hermann, Briggs, Adam D. 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Venkat, Neupane, Sudan P., Newton, Charles R., Ngalesoni, Frida N., Ngirabega, Jean De Dieu, Nguyen, Nhung T., Nieuwenhuijsen, Mark J., Nisar, Muhammad I., Nogueira, José R., Nolla, Joan M., Norheim, Ole F., Norman, Rosana E., Oh, In-Hwan, Olusanya, Bolajoko O., Omer, Saad B., Pagcatipunan, Rodolfo S., Pain, Amanda W., Pandian, Jeyaraj D., Panelo, Carlo Irwin A., Park, Eun-Kee, Parry, Charles D., Paternina Caicedo, Angel J., Patten, Scott B., Paul, Vinod K., Pavlin, Boris I., Pedraza, Lilia S., Pejin Stokic, Ljiljana, Pereira, David M., Perez-Padilla, Rogelio, Perez-Ruiz, Fernando, Perry, Samuel A.L., Phillips, Michael R., Polanczyk, Guilherme V., Pond, Constance D., Prasad, Noela M., Qato, Dima M., Quezada, Amado D., Quistberg, D. Alex A., Rahimi-Movaghar, Vafa, Ur Rahman, Sajjad, Rana, Saleem M., Refaat, Amany H., Ribeiro, Antonio L., Riccio, Patricia M., Rojas-Rueda, David, Ruhago, George M., Sacco, Ralph L., Salomon, Joshua A., Sampson, Uchechukwu K., Sanabria, Juan R., Sánchez-Pimienta, Tania G., Sanchez-Riera, Lidia, Santos, Itamar S., Saunders, James E., Saylan, Mete I., Schmidt, Jürgen C., Schneider, Ione J.C., Schwebel, David C., Scott, James G., Sepanlou, Sadaf G., Servan-Mori, Edson E., Shamah Levy, Teresa, Shin, Hwashin H., Sigfusdottir, Inga D., Silberberg, Donald H., Simard, Edgar P., Singh, Gitanjali M., Singh, Jasvinder A., Sposato, Luciano A., Sreeramareddy, Chandrashekhar T., Stapelberg, Nicolas J.C., Stein, Dan J., Stein, Murray B., Sunguya, Bruno F., Sykes, Bryan L., Tabb, Karen M., Talongwa, Roberto T., Te Ao, Braden J., Teixeira, Carolina M., Téllez Rojo, Martha M., Terkawi, Abdullah S., Texcalac-Sangrador, José Lui, Thackway, Sarah V., Thorne-Lyman, Andrew L., Thrift, Amanda G., Thurston, George D., Towbin, Jeffrey A., Tran, Bach X., Tsala Dimbuene, Zacharie, Uchendu, Uche S., Ukwaja, Kingsley N., Uzun, Selen B., Van De Vijver, Steven, Van Gool, Coen H., Van Os, Jim, Varakin, Yuri Y., Vasankari, Tommi J., Vasconcelos, Ana Maria N., Vavilala, Monica S., Veerman, Lennert J., Velasquez-Melendez, Gustavo, Venketasubramanian, N., Violante, Francesco S., Victorovich Vlassov, Vasiliy, Wagner, Gregory R., Waller, Stephen G., Wallin, Mitchell T., Warouw, Tati S., Watts, Charlotte H., Weintraub, Robert G., Whiteford, Harvey A., Wilkinson, James D., Williams, Hywel C., Williams, Thomas N., Woldeyohannes, Solomon M., Wolfe, Charles D.A., Wong, John Q., Woolf, Anthony D., Wright, Jonathan L., Yan, Lijing L., Yentür, Gökalp K., Yoon, Seok-Jun, Younis, Mustafa Z., Zaki, Maysaa E., Zunt, Joseph R., Lopez, Alan D., and Temesgen, A.M.
Subjects: Male, Fine particulate matter, Nutrition and Disease, MESH : Sanitation, Health Behavior, Diseases, MESH: Metabolic Diseases, MESH: Global Health, 030204 cardiovascular system & hematology, MESH: Risk Assessment, Global Health, MESH : Nutritional Status, MESH: Occupational Exposure, 0302 clinical medicine, Unsafe Sex, MESH: Risk Factors, Risk Factors, Voeding en Ziekte, Medicine, Air-pollution, MESH : Female, 030212 general & internal medicine, MESH : Risk Assessment, Sanitation, Wasting, 2. Zero hunger, Factors de risc en les malalties, Medicine (all), [ SDV.SPEE ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, Public Health, Global Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology, General Medicine, MESH : Occupational Diseases, MESH: Nutritional Status, All-cause mortality, MESH : Risk Factors, humanities, Environmental Exposure, Female, Humans, Metabolic Diseases, Nutritional Status, Occupational Diseases, Occupational Exposure, Risk Assessment, Tobacco smoking, 3. Good health, Nutritional Statu, MESH : Occupational Exposure, MESH : Metabolic Diseases, Cohort, medicine.symptom, Risk assessment, Blood-pressure, Human, MESH: Occupational Diseases, Risk factors in diseases, Coronary-heart-disease, MESH : Male, MESH: Health Behavior, MESH: Environmental Exposure, Population health, Body-mass index, 03 medical and health sciences, Household cooking, Cardiovascular-disease, Environmental health, General & Internal Medicine, parasitic diseases, Life Science, MESH: Sanitation, Risk factor, MESH : Health Behavior, VLAG, GBD2013, MESH: Humans, business.industry, Risk Factor, Global Burden of Disease Study, 79 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks, Long-term exposure, MESH : Humans, CAUSE-SPECIFIC MORTALITY, MESH: Male, Metabolic Disease, Occupational Disease, Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi, MALE BRITISH DOCTORS, Years of potential life lost, Relative risk, Malalties, MESH : Global Health, OUTDOOR AIR-POLLUTION, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, business, MESH : Environmental Exposure, MESH: Female
Abstract: Summary Background The Global Burden of Disease, Injuries, and Risk Factor study 2013 (GBD 2013) is the first of a series of annual updates of the GBD. Risk factor quantification, particularly of modifiable risk factors, can help to identify emerging threats to population health and opportunities for prevention. The GBD 2013 provides a timely opportunity to update the comparative risk assessment with new data for exposure, relative risks, and evidence on the appropriate counterfactual risk distribution. Methods Attributable deaths, years of life lost, years lived with disability, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) have been estimated for 79 risks or clusters of risks using the GBD 2010 methods. Risk–outcome pairs meeting explicit evidence criteria were assessed for 188 countries for the period 1990–2013 by age and sex using three inputs: risk exposure, relative risks, and the theoretical minimum risk exposure level (TMREL). Risks are organised into a hierarchy with blocks of behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks at the first level of the hierarchy. The next level in the hierarchy includes nine clusters of related risks and two individual risks, with more detail provided at levels 3 and 4 of the hierarchy. Compared with GBD 2010, six new risk factors have been added: handwashing practices, occupational exposure to trichloroethylene, childhood wasting, childhood stunting, unsafe sex, and low glomerular filtration rate. For most risks, data for exposure were synthesised with a Bayesian metaregression method, DisMod-MR 2.0, or spatial-temporal Gaussian process regression. Relative risks were based on meta-regressions of published cohort and intervention studies. Attributable burden for clusters of risks and all risks combined took into account evidence on the mediation of some risks such as high body-mass index (BMI) through other risks such as high systolic blood pressure and high cholesterol. Findings All risks combined account for 57·2% (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 55·8–58·5) of deaths and 41·6% (40·1–43·0) of DALYs. Risks quantified account for 87·9% (86·5−89·3) of cardiovascular disease DALYs, ranging to a low of 0% for neonatal disorders and neglected tropical diseases and malaria. In terms of global DALYs in 2013, six risks or clusters of risks each caused more than 5% of DALYs: dietary risks accounting for 11·3 million deaths and 241·4 million DALYs, high systolic blood pressure for 10·4 million deaths and 208·1 million DALYs, child and maternal malnutrition for 1·7 million deaths and 176·9 million DALYs, tobacco smoke for 6·1 million deaths and 143·5 million DALYs, air pollution for 5·5 million deaths and 141·5 million DALYs, and high BMI for 4·4 million deaths and 134·0 million DALYs. Risk factor patterns vary across regions and countries and with time. In sub-Saharan Africa, the leading risk factors are child and maternal malnutrition, unsafe sex, and unsafe water, sanitation, and handwashing. In women, in nearly all countries in the Americas, north Africa, and the Middle East, and in many other high-income countries, high BMI is the leading risk factor, with high systolic blood pressure as the leading risk in most of Central and Eastern Europe and south and east Asia. For men, high systolic blood pressure or tobacco use are the leading risks in nearly all high-income countries, in north Africa and the Middle East, Europe, and Asia. For men and women, unsafe sex is the leading risk in a corridor from Kenya to South Africa. Interpretation Behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks can explain half of global mortality and more than one-third of global DALYs providing many opportunities for prevention. Of the larger risks, the attributable burden of high BMI has increased in the past 23 years. In view of the prominence of behavioural risk factors, behavioural and social science research on interventions for these risks should be strengthened. Many prevention and primary care policy options are available now to act on key risks. Funding Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. Background The Global Burden of Disease, Injuries, and Risk Factor study 2013 (GBD 2013) is the fi rst of a series of annual updates of the GBD. Risk factor quantifi cation, particularly of modifi able risk factors, can help to identify emerging threats to population health and opportunities for prevention. The GBD 2013 provides a timely opportunity to update the comparative risk assessment with new data for exposure, relative risks, and evidence on the appropriate counterfactual risk distribution. Methods Attributable deaths, years of life lost, years lived with disability, and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) have been estimated for 79 risks or clusters of risks using the GBD 2010 methods. Risk–outcome pairs meeting explicit evidence criteria were assessed for 188 countries for the period 1990–2013 by age and sex using three inputs: risk exposure, relative risks, and the theoretical minimum risk exposure level (TMREL). Risks are organised into a hierarchy with blocks of behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks at the fi rst level of the hierarchy. The next level in the hierarchy includes nine clusters of related risks and two individual risks, with more detail provided at levels 3 and 4 of the hierarchy. Compared with GBD 2010, six new risk factors have been added: handwashing practices, occupational exposure to trichloroethylene, childhood wasting, childhood stunting, unsafe sex, and low glomerular fi ltration rate. For most risks, data for exposure were synthesised with a Bayesian metaregression method, DisMod-MR 2.0, or spatial-temporal Gaussian process regression. Relative risks were based on meta-regressions of published cohort and intervention studies. Attributable burden for clusters of risks and all risks combined took into account evidence on the mediation of some risks such as high body-mass index (BMI) through other risks such as high systolic blood pressure and high cholesterol. Findings All risks combined account for 57·2% (95% uncertainty interval [UI] 55·8–58·5) of deaths and 41·6% (40·1–43·0) of DALYs. Risks quantified account for 87·9% (86·5−89·3) of cardiovascular disease DALYs, ranging to a low of 0% for neonatal disorders and neglected tropical diseases and malaria. In terms of global DALYs in 2013, six risks or clusters of risks each caused more than 5% of DALYs: dietary risks accounting for 11·3 million deaths and 241·4 million DALYs, high systolic blood pressure for 10·4 million deaths and 208·1 million DALYs, child and maternal malnutrition for 1·7 million deaths and 176·9 million DALYs, tobacco smoke for 6·1 million deaths and 143·5 million DALYs, air pollution for 5·5 million deaths and 141·5 million DALYs, and high BMI for 4·4 million deaths and 134·0 million DALYs. Risk factor patterns vary across regions and countries and with time. In sub-Saharan Africa, the leading risk factors are child and maternal malnutrition, unsafe sex, and unsafe water, sanitation, and handwashing. In women, in nearly all countries in the Americas, north Africa, and the Middle East, and in many other high-income countries, high BMI is the leading risk factor, with high systolic blood pressure as the leading risk in most of Central and Eastern Europe and south and east Asia. For men, high systolic blood pressure or tobacco use are the leading risks in nearly all high-income countries, in north Africa and the Middle East, Europe, and Asia. For men and women, unsafe sex is the leading risk in a corridor from Kenya to South Africa. Interpretation Behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks can explain half of global mortality and more than one-third of global DALYs providing many opportunities for prevention. Of the larger risks, the attributable burden of high BMI has increased in the past 23 years. In view of the prominence of behavioural risk factors, behavioural and social science research on interventions for these risks should be strengthened. Many prevention and primary care policy options are available now to act on key risks. Funding Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
Published: 2015

19. Global, regional, and national disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for 306 diseases and injuries and healthy life expectancy (HALE) for 188 countries, 1990-2013

Author: Meghan D. Mooney, Ken Takahashi, Andrea Stewart, Jonathan C Brown, Shireen Sindi, Amany H Refaat, Ruben Castro, Sara Sheikhbahaei, Kyle R. Heuton, Gillian M. Hansen, Chante Karimkhani, Bryan K. Phillips, Ibrahim Abubakar, Yohannes Kinfu, Victoria F Bachman, Konstantinos Stroumpoulis, Megan Coggeshall, Lucía Cuevas-Nasu, Yichong Li, Vineet K. Chadha, Andrew G. M. Bulloch, Takayoshi Ohkubo, Don C. Des Jarlais, Giancarlo Logroscino, Francis Apolinary Mhimbira, Jefferson G Fernandes, Cheng Huang, Ejaz Ahmad Khan, Fortuné Gbètoho Gankpé, Roderick J Hay, Itamar S. Santos, Zanfina Ademi, Fiona J Charlson, Norlinah Mohamed Ibrahim, Anwar Rafay, Andrew L. Thorne-Lyman, Juanita A. Haagsma, Emmanuel A. Ameh, John J. McGrath, Massimo Cirillo, Wubegzier Mekonnen, Holly Hagan, Naohiro Yonemoto, Frida Namnyak Ngalesoni, Dietrich Plass, Matias Trillini, David Phillips, Braden Te Ao, Wanqing Chen, Yun Jin Kim, David Rojas-Rueda, Christina Papachristou, Andrew E. Moran, Richard A. Gosselin, Maziar Moradi-Lakeh, Soraya Seedat, Janet L Leasher, Belinda K Lloyd, Lorenzo Monasta, Bruno F. Sunguya, Eun-Kee Park, Eduardo A. Undurraga, Mohammad A. AlMazroa, Mohammad H. Forouzanfar, Young-Ho Khang, Vasiliki Stathopoulou, Dima M. Qato, James Scott, Ileana Heredia-Pi, Luca Ronfani, Haidong Kan, Tasara T. Mazorodze, Murugesan Raju, Saeid Shahraz, Taavi Tillmann, Wang Wenzhi, Neil Pearce, Eric Y. Tenkorang, Aliya Naheed, Ferrán Catalá-López, Sudan Prasad Neupane, Emily Dansereau, Michael McKee, Derrick A Bennett, Mazeda Hossain, Paul S. F. Yip, Grant Nguyen, Norberto Perico, Miguel Angel Alegretti, Babak Eshrati, Boris Bikbov, Palwasha Anwari, Guoqing Hu, Amelia Bertozzi-Villa, Peter A. Meaney, Farshad Farzadfar, Svetlana Popova, Tara Templin, Hmwe H Kyu, Uche S. Uchendu, Kebede Deribe, Sergey Soshnikov, Nobhojit Roy, Daniel Kim, Ilana N. Ackerman, Homie Razavi, Leslie T. Cooper, Sandra Nolte, David T. Felson, John J Huang, Yang Liu, Fiorella Cavalleri, Adrian Davis, Héctor Gómez Dantés, Klara Dokova, Yuantao Hao, Catalina Medina, Austin E Schumacher, Stan Biryukov, Jane Rowley, Arindam Basu, Jose C. Adsuar, Rosana E. Norman, Yousef Khader, Rafael Alfonso-Cristancho, Sukanta Saha, Simón Barquera, Diego Gonzalez-Medina, Philip B. Mitchell, Lars Barregard, Haidong Wang, Yongmei Li, Ami R. Moore, Marie Ng, Raghib Ali, Peter T. Serina, Lijing L Yan, Ayse Abbasoglu Ozgoren, Ricky Leung, Michelle L. Bell, Tim Driscoll, Azmeraw T. Amare, Farshad Pourmalek, Tea Lallukka, Benjamin O Anderson, Raimundas Lunevicius, Corine Karema, Robert G. Weintraub, Erin C Mullany, Anders Larsson, Glen Mola, Paulo A. Lotufo, Luke Nyakarahuka, Sayed Saidul Alam, Louisa Degenhardt, Hugh R. Taylor, E. Ray Dorsey, Suzanne Polinder, Hilton Lam, Urbano Fra Paleo, David Zonies, Rahman Shiri, Marco A Avila, Alicia Elena Beatriz Lawrynowicz, Katya Anne Shackelford, Lynne Gaffikin, Konstantin Kazanjan, Mark T Mackay, Jasvinder A. Singh, Bryan L. Sykes, Sadaf G. Sepanlou, Chantal Huynh, Rakhi Dandona, Logan Sandar, Lavanya Singh, Dietrich Rothenbacher, Theo Vos, Steven E. Lipshultz, Coen H. Van Gool, Peggy P. Chiang, Mark G. Shrime, Christopher J L Murray, Scott Weichenthal, Jae-Hyun Park, Samia Alhabib, Philimon Gona, Christian Kieling, Yuichiro Yano, Ronny Westerman, Thomas Truelsen, Rajeev Gupta, Megan Bohensky, Abdullatif Husseini, Qing Lan, Luke D. Knibbs, Yousef M. Elshrek, H. Ross Anderson, Guohong Jiang, Madeline L. Moyer, Vinod K. Paul, Wim H. van Brakel, Emin Murat Tuzcu, Kara Estep, Lalit Dandona, Uchechukwu K.A. Sampson, Mohammad Tavakkoli, Ying Jiang, Joseph A Wagner, Mitsuru Mukaigawara, In-Hwan Oh, Siyi Shangguan, Noela M. Prasad, Charles D.A. Wolfe, Borja del Pozo-Cruz, Gokalp Kadri Yentur, Hilda L Harb, Elena Alvarez, Carlos A Castañeda-Orjuela, Mustafa Z. Younis, Herbert C. Duber, Erica Leigh Slepak, George A. Mensah, Knud Juel, Graeme J. Hankey, Natan M. Bornstein, Martha Híjar, Johan Ärnlöv, Mohamed Hsairi, Katherine T. Lofgren, Murray B. Stein, Renata Micha, Luigi Naldi, Margreet ten Have, Bolajoko O. Olusanya, Kyle J Foreman, Kenji Shibuya, F. Gerry R. Fowkes, Abdullah Sulieman Terkawi, Rana J. Asghar, Karen M. Tabb, Kovin Naidoo, Rogelio Pérez-Padilla, Honglei Chen, Antônio Luiz Pinho Ribeiro, Rasmus Havmoeller, Yukito Shinohara, Bongani M. Mayosi, Ernst J Kuipers, Konrad Pesudovs, Mouhanad Hammami, Lee Richardson, Rintaro Mori, Thomas D. Fleming, Pouria Heydarpour, Stephen G. Waller, Nicholas Graetz, Chanda Kulkarni, Peter Brooks, Gulfaraz Khan, Marcel Tanner, Van C. Lansingh, François Alla, Jamie Hancock, Yohannes Adama Melaku, Neeraj Bedi, Anthony D. Woolf, Tariku Jibat Beyene, Amanda W Pain, Eric L. 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Silberberg, Alexandra Brazinova, Monica Cortinovis, Deena Alasfoor, Richard Matzopoulos, Jerry Abraham, Francesco Saverio Violante, Monika Sawhney, Dorairaj Prabhakaran, Valentina Colistro, Derek F J Fay, Mamta Swaroop, Nima Hafezi-Nejad, John Nelson Opio, Hanne Christensen, Jun She, Soewarta Kosen, Atsushi Goto, Costas A. Christophi, Jeyaraj D. Pandian, Peter J. Hotez, K. Srinath Reddy, Al Artaman, Peter Allebeck, Jonas Minet Kinge, Graham S Cooke, Dan J. Stein, Kawkab Shishani, Laith J. Abu-Raddad, Katrina F Ortblad, Deborah Jarvis, Arsène Kouablan Adou, Barthelemy Kuate Defo, Alan D. Lopez, G Anil Kumar, K.M. Venkat Narayan, Yong Zhao, Rajiv Chowdhury, Hadi Danawi, George C Patton, Vasiliy Victorovich Vlassov, André Karch, Tommi J. Vasankari, Matthias Endres, Ione Jayce Ceola Schneider, Nelson Alvis-Guzman, Charles N Mock, Katharine J Looker, Bach Xuan Tran, Fernando Perez-Ruiz, Harish Chander Gugnani, Reza Assadi, Hannah Hamavid, Rosario Cárdenas, Mohammed I. 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L, Barber, Ryan M., Foreman, Kyle J., Ozgoren, Ayse Abbasoglu, Abd-Allah, Foad, Abera, Semaw F., Aboyans, Victor, Abraham, Jerry P., Abubakar, Ibrahim, Abu-Raddad, Laith J., Abu-Rmeileh, Niveen M., Achoki, Tom, Ackerman, Ilana N., Ademi, Zanfina, Adou, Arsène K., Adsuar, José C., Afshin, Ashkan, Agardh, Emilie E., Alam, Sayed Saidul, Alasfoor, Deena, Albittar, Mohammed I., Alegretti, Miguel A., Alemu, Zewdie A., Alfonso-Cristancho, Rafael, Alhabib, Samia, Ali, Raghib, Alla, Françoi, Allebeck, Peter, Almazroa, Mohammad A., Alsharif, Ubai, Alvarez, Elena, Alvis-Guzman, Nelson, Amare, Azmeraw T., Ameh, Emmanuel A., Amini, Heresh, Ammar, Walid, Anderson, H. Ro, Anderson, Benjamin O., Antonio, Carl Abelardo T., Anwari, Palwasha, Arnlöv, Johan, Arsenijevic, Valentina S. Arsic, Artaman, Al, Asghar, Rana J., Assadi, Reza, Atkins, Lydia S., Avila, Marco A., Awuah, Baffour, Bachman, Victoria F., Badawi, Alaa, Bahit, Maria C., Balakrishnan, Kalpana, Banerjee, Amitava, Barker-Collo, Suzanne L., Barquera, Simon, Barregard, Lar, Barrero, Lope H., Basu, Arindam, Basu, Sanjay, Basulaiman, Mohammed O., Beardsley, Justin, Bedi, Neeraj, Beghi, Ettore, Bekele, Tolesa, Bell, Michelle L., Benjet, Corina, Bennett, Derrick A., Bensenor, Isabela M., Benzian, Habib, Bernabé, Eduardo, Bertozzi-Villa, Amelia, Beyene, Tariku J., Bhala, Neeraj, Bhalla, Ashish, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A., Bienhoff, Kelly, Bikbov, Bori, Biryukov, Stan, Blore, Jed D., Blosser, Christopher D., Blyth, Fiona M., Bohensky, Megan A., Bolliger, Ian W., Başara, Berrak Bora, Bornstein, Natan M., Bose, Dipan, Boufous, Soufiane, Bourne, Rupert R. A., Boyers, Lindsay N., Brainin, Michael, Brayne, Carol E., Brazinova, Alexandra, Breitborde, Nicholas J. K., Brenner, Hermann, Briggs, Adam D., Brooks, Peter M., Brown, Jonathan C., Brugha, Traolach S., Buchbinder, Rachelle, Buckle, Geoffrey C., Budke, Christine M., Bulchis, Anne, Bulloch, Andrew G., Campos-Nonato, Ismael R., Carabin, Hélène, Carapetis, Jonathan R., Cárdenas, Rosario, Carpenter, David O., Caso, Valeria, Castañeda-Orjuela, Carlos A., Castro, Ruben E., Catalá-López, Ferrán, Cavalleri, Fiorella, Çavlin, Alanur, Chadha, Vineet K., Chang, Jung-Chen, Charlson, Fiona J., Chen, Honglei, Chen, Wanqing, Chiang, Peggy P., Chimed-Ochir, Odgerel, Chowdhury, Rajiv, Christensen, Hanne, Christophi, Costas A., Cirillo, Massimo, Coates, Matthew M., Coffeng, Luc E., Coggeshall, Megan S., Colistro, Valentina, Colquhoun, Samantha M., Cooke, Graham S., Cooper, Cyru, Cooper, Leslie T., Coppola, Luis M., Cortinovis, Monica, Criqui, Michael H., Crump, John A., Cuevas-Nasu, Lucia, Danawi, Hadi, Dandona, Lalit, Dandona, Rakhi, Dansereau, Emily, Dargan, Paul I., Davey, Gail, Davis, Adrian, Davitoiu, Dragos V., Dayama, Anand, De Leo, Diego, Degenhardt, Louisa, Del Pozo-Cruz, Borja, Dellavalle, Robert P., Deribe, Kebede, Derrett, Sarah, Des Jarlais, Don C., Dessalegn, Muluken, Dharmaratne, Samath D., Dherani, Mukesh K., Diaz-Torné, Cesar, Dicker, Daniel, Ding, Eric L., Dokova, Klara, Dorsey, E Ray, Driscoll, Tim R., Duan, Leilei, Duber, Herbert C., Ebel, Beth E., Edmond, Karen M., Elshrek, Yousef M., Endres, Matthia, Ermakov, Sergey P., Erskine, Holly E., Eshrati, Babak, Esteghamati, Alireza, Estep, Kara, Faraon, Emerito Jose A., Farzadfar, Farshad, Fay, Derek F., Feigin, Valery L., Felson, David T., Fereshtehnejad, Seyed-Mohammad, Fernandes, Jefferson G., Ferrari, Alize J., Fitzmaurice, Christina, Flaxman, Abraham D., Fleming, Thomas D., Foigt, Nataliya, Forouzanfar, Mohammad H., Fowkes, F Gerry R., Paleo, Urbano Fra., Franklin, Richard C., Fürst, Thoma, Gabbe, Belinda, Gaffikin, Lynne, Gankpé, Fortuné G., Geleijnse, Johanna M., Gessner, Bradford D., Gething, Peter, Gibney, Katherine B., Giroud, Maurice, Giussani, Giorgia, Dantes, Hector Gomez, Gona, Philimon, González-Medina, Diego, Gosselin, Richard A., Gotay, Carolyn C., Goto, Atsushi, Gouda, Hebe N., Graetz, Nichola, Gugnani, Harish C., Gupta, Rahul, Gupta, Rajeev, Gutiérrez, Reyna A., Haagsma, Juanita, Hafezi-Nejad, Nima, Hagan, Holly, Halasa, Yara A., Hamadeh, Randah R., Hamavid, Hannah, Hammami, Mouhanad, Hancock, Jamie, Hankey, Graeme J., Hansen, Gillian M., Hao, Yuantao, Harb, Hilda L., Haro, Josep Maria, Havmoeller, Rasmu, Hay, Simon I., Hay, Roderick J., Heredia-Pi, Ileana B., Heuton, Kyle R., Heydarpour, Pouria, Higashi, Hideki, Hijar, Martha, Hoek, Hans W., Hoffman, Howard J., Hosgood, H Dean, Hossain, Mazeda, Hotez, Peter J., Hoy, Damian G., Hsairi, Mohamed, Hu, Guoqing, Huang, Cheng, Huang, John J., Husseini, Abdullatif, Huynh, Chantal, Iannarone, Marissa L., Iburg, Kim M., Innos, Kaire, Inoue, Manami, Islami, Farhad, Jacobsen, Kathryn H., Jarvis, Deborah L., Jassal, Simerjot K., Jee, Sun Ha, Jeemon, Panniyammakal, Jensen, Paul N., Jha, Vivekanand, Jiang, Guohong, Jiang, Ying, Jonas, Jost B., Juel, Knud, Kan, Haidong, Karch, André, Karema, Corine K., Karimkhani, Chante, Karthikeyan, Ganesan, Kassebaum, Nicholas J., Kaul, Anil, Kawakami, Norito, Kazanjan, Konstantin, Kemp, Andrew H., Kengne, Andre P., Keren, Andre, Khader, Yousef S., Khalifa, Shams Eldin A., Khan, Ejaz A., Khan, Gulfaraz, Khang, Young-Ho, Kieling, Christian, Kim, Daniel, Kim, Sungroul, Kim, Yunjin, Kinfu, Yohanne, Kinge, Jonas M., Kivipelto, Miia, Knibbs, Luke D., Knudsen, Ann Kristin, Kokubo, Yoshihiro, Kosen, Soewarta, Krishnaswami, Sanjay, Defo, Barthelemy Kuate, Bicer, Burcu Kucuk, Kuipers, Ernst J., Kulkarni, Chanda, Kulkarni, Veena S., Kumar, G Anil, Kyu, Hmwe H., Lai, Taavi, Lalloo, Ratilal, Lallukka, Tea, Lam, Hilton, Lan, Qing, Lansingh, Van C., Larsson, Ander, Lawrynowicz, Alicia E. B., Leasher, Janet L., Leigh, Jame, Leung, Ricky, Levitz, Carly E., Li, Bin, Li, Yichong, Li, Yongmei, Lim, Stephen S., Lind, Maggie, Lipshultz, Steven E., Liu, Shiwei, Liu, Yang, Lloyd, Belinda K., Lofgren, Katherine T., Logroscino, Giancarlo, Looker, Katharine J., Lortet-Tieulent, Joannie, Lotufo, Paulo A., Lozano, Rafael, Lucas, Robyn M., Lunevicius, Raimunda, Lyons, Ronan A., Ma, Stefan, Macintyre, Michael F., Mackay, Mark T., Majdan, Marek, Malekzadeh, Reza, Marcenes, Wagner, Margolis, David J., Margono, Christopher, Marzan, Melvin B., Masci, Joseph R., Mashal, Mohammad T., Matzopoulos, Richard, Mayosi, Bongani M., Mazorodze, Tasara T., Mcgill, Neil W., Mcgrath, John J., Mckee, Martin, Mclain, Abigail, Meaney, Peter A., Medina, Catalina, Mehndiratta, Man Mohan, Mekonnen, Wubegzier, Melaku, Yohannes A., Meltzer, Michele, Memish, Ziad A., Mensah, George A., Meretoja, Atte, Mhimbira, Francis A., Micha, Renata, Miller, Ted R., Mills, Edward J., Mitchell, Philip B., Mock, Charles N., Ibrahim, Norlinah Mohamed, Mohammad, Karzan A., Mokdad, Ali H., Mola, Glen L. D., Monasta, Lorenzo, Hernandez, Julio C. Montañez, Montico, Marcella, Montine, Thomas J., Mooney, Meghan D., Moore, Ami R., Moradi-Lakeh, Maziar, Moran, Andrew E., Mori, Rintaro, Moschandreas, Joanna, Moturi, Wilkister N., Moyer, Madeline L., Mozaffarian, Dariush, Msemburi, William T., Mueller, Ulrich O., Mukaigawara, Mitsuru, Mullany, Erin C., Murdoch, Michele E., Murray, Joseph, Murthy, Kinnari S., Naghavi, Mohsen, Naheed, Aliya, Naidoo, Kovin S., Naldi, Luigi, Nand, Devina, Nangia, Vinay, Narayan, K M. Venkat, Nejjari, Chakib, Neupane, Sudan P., Newton, Charles R., Ng, Marie, Ngalesoni, Frida N., Nguyen, Grant, Nisar, Muhammad I., Nolte, Sandra, Norheim, Ole F., Norman, Rosana E., Norrving, Bo, Nyakarahuka, Luke, Oh, In-Hwan, Ohkubo, Takayoshi, Ohno, Summer L., Olusanya, Bolajoko O., Opio, John Nelson, Ortblad, Katrina, Ortiz, Alberto, Pain, Amanda W., Pandian, Jeyaraj D., Panelo, Carlo Irwin A., Papachristou, Christina, Park, Eun-Kee, Park, Jae-Hyun, Patten, Scott B., Patton, George C., Paul, Vinod K., Pavlin, Boris I., Pearce, Neil, Pereira, David M., Perez-Padilla, Rogelio, Perez-Ruiz, Fernando, Perico, Norberto, Pervaiz, Aslam, Pesudovs, Konrad, Peterson, Carrie B., Petzold, Max, Phillips, Michael R., Phillips, Bryan K., Phillips, David E., Piel, Frédéric B., Plass, Dietrich, Poenaru, Dan, Polinder, Suzanne, Pope, Daniel, Popova, Svetlana, Poulton, Richie G., Pourmalek, Farshad, Prabhakaran, Dorairaj, Prasad, Noela M., Pullan, Rachel L., Qato, Dima M., Quistberg, D Alex, Rafay, Anwar, Rahimi, Kazem, Rahman, Sajjad U., Raju, Murugesan, Rana, Saleem M., Razavi, Homie, Reddy, K Srinath, Refaat, Amany, Remuzzi, Giuseppe, Resnikoff, Serge, Ribeiro, Antonio L., Richardson, Lee, Richardus, Jan Hendrik, Roberts, D Allen, Rojas-Rueda, David, Ronfani, Luca, Roth, Gregory A., Rothenbacher, Dietrich, Rothstein, David H., Rowley, Jane T., Roy, Nobhojit, Ruhago, George M., Saeedi, Mohammad Y., Saha, Sukanta, Sahraian, Mohammad Ali, Sampson, Uchechukwu K. A., Sanabria, Juan R., Sandar, Logan, Santos, Itamar S., Satpathy, Maheswar, Sawhney, Monika, Scarborough, Peter, Schneider, Ione J., Schöttker, Ben, Schumacher, Austin E., Schwebel, David C., Scott, James G., Seedat, Soraya, Sepanlou, Sadaf G., Serina, Peter T., Servan-Mori, Edson E., Shackelford, Katya A., Shaheen, Amira, Shahraz, Saeid, Levy, Teresa Shamah, Shangguan, Siyi, She, Jun, Sheikhbahaei, Sara, Shi, Peilin, Shibuya, Kenji, Shinohara, Yukito, Shiri, Rahman, Shishani, Kawkab, Shiue, Ivy, Shrime, Mark G., Sigfusdottir, Inga D., Silberberg, Donald H., Simard, Edgar P., Sindi, Shireen, Singh, Abhishek, Singh, Jasvinder A., Singh, Lavanya, Skirbekk, Vegard, Slepak, Erica Leigh, Sliwa, Karen, Soneji, Samir, Søreide, Kjetil, Soshnikov, Sergey, Sposato, Luciano A., Sreeramareddy, Chandrashekhar T., Stanaway, Jeffrey D., Stathopoulou, Vasiliki, Stein, Dan J., Stein, Murray B., Steiner, Caitlyn, Steiner, Timothy J., Stevens, Antony, Stewart, Andrea, Stovner, Lars J., Stroumpoulis, Konstantino, Sunguya, Bruno F., Swaminathan, Soumya, Swaroop, Mamta, Sykes, Bryan L., Tabb, Karen M., Takahashi, Ken, Tandon, Nikhil, Tanne, David, Tanner, Marcel, Tavakkoli, Mohammad, Taylor, Hugh R., Te Ao, Braden J., Tediosi, Fabrizio, Temesgen, Awoke M., Templin, Tara, Ten Have, Margreet, Tenkorang, Eric Y., Terkawi, Abdullah S., Thomson, Blake, Thorne-Lyman, Andrew L., Thrift, Amanda G., Thurston, George D., Tillmann, Taavi, Tonelli, Marcello, Topouzis, Foti, Toyoshima, Hideaki, Traebert, Jefferson, Tran, Bach X., Trillini, Matia, Truelsen, Thoma, Tsilimbaris, Miltiadi, Tuzcu, Emin M., Uchendu, Uche S., Ukwaja, Kingsley N., Undurraga, Eduardo A., Uzun, Selen B., Van Brakel, Wim H., Van De Vijver, Steven, Van Gool, Coen H., Van Os, Jim, Vasankari, Tommi J., Venketasubramanian, N, Violante, Francesco S., Vlassov, Vasiliy V., Vollset, Stein Emil, Wagner, Gregory R., Wagner, Joseph, Waller, Stephen G., Wan, Xia, Wang, Haidong, Wang, Jianli, Wang, Linhong, Warouw, Tati S., Weichenthal, Scott, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Weintraub, Robert G., Wenzhi, Wang, Werdecker, Andrea, Westerman, Ronny, Whiteford, Harvey A., Wilkinson, James D., Williams, Thomas N., Wolfe, Charles D., Wolock, Timothy M., Woolf, Anthony D., Wulf, Sarah, Wurtz, Brittany, Xu, Gelin, Yan, Lijing L., Yano, Yuichiro, Ye, Pengpeng, Yentür, Gökalp K., Yip, Paul, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Yoon, Seok-Jun, Younis, Mustafa Z., Yu, Chuanhua, Zaki, Maysaa E., Zhao, Yong, Zheng, Yingfeng, Zonies, David, Zou, Xiaonong, Salomon, Joshua A., Lopez, Alan D., Vos, Theo, Medische Sociologie, MUMC+: Hersen en Zenuw Centrum (3), MUMC+: MA Psychiatrie (3), Psychiatrie & Neuropsychologie, Barber, Ryan M, Foreman, Kyle J, Abd Allah, Foad, Abera, Semaw F, Abraham, Jerry P, Abu Raddad, Laith J, Abu Rmeileh, Niveen M, Ackerman, Ilana N, Adou, Arsène K, Adsuar, José C, Agardh, Emilie E, Albittar, Mohammed I, Alegretti, Miguel A, Alemu, Zewdie A, Alfonso Cristancho, Rafael, Almazroa, Mohammad A, Alvis Guzman, Nelson, Amare, Azmeraw T, Ameh, Emmanuel A, Anderson, Benjamin O, Antonio, Carl Abelardo T, Asghar, Rana J, Atkins, Lydia S, Avila, Marco A, Bachman, Victoria F, Bahit, Maria C, Barker Collo, Suzanne L, Barrero, Lope H, Basulaiman, Mohammed O, Bell, Michelle L, Bennett, Derrick A, Bensenor, Isabela M, Bertozzi Villa, Amelia, Beyene, Tariku J, Bhutta, Zulfiqar A, Blore, Jed D, Blosser, Christopher D, Blyth, Fiona M, Bohensky, Megan A, Bolliger, Ian W, Bornstein, Natan M, Bourne, Rupert R. A, Boyers, Lindsay N, Brayne, Carol E, Breitborde, Nicholas J. K, Briggs, Adam D, Brooks, Peter M, Brown, Jonathan C, Brugha, Traolach S, Buckle, Geoffrey C, Budke, Christine M, Bulloch, Andrew G, Campos Nonato, Ismael R, Carapetis, Jonathan R, Carpenter, David O, Castañeda Orjuela, Carlos A, Castro, Ruben E, Catalá López, Ferrán, Chadha, Vineet K, Chang, Jung Chen, Charlson, Fiona J, Chiang, Peggy P, Chimed Ochir, Odgerel, Christophi, Costas A, Coates, Matthew M, Coffeng, Luc E, Coggeshall, Megan S, Colquhoun, Samantha M, Cooke, Graham S, Cooper, Leslie T, Coppola, Luis M, Criqui, Michael H, Crump, John A, Cuevas Nasu, Lucia, Dargan, Paul I, Davitoiu, Dragos V, Del Pozo Cruz, Borja, Dellavalle, Robert P, Jarlais, Don C. De, Dharmaratne, Samath D, Dherani, Mukesh K, Diaz Torné, Cesar, Ding, Eric L, Dorsey, E. 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Dean, Hotez, Peter J, Hoy, Damian G, Huang, John J, Iannarone, Marissa L, Iburg, Kim M, Jacobsen, Kathryn H, Jarvis, Deborah L, Jassal, Simerjot K, Jensen, Paul N, Jonas, Jost B, Karema, Corine K, Kassebaum, Nicholas J, Kemp, Andrew H, Kengne, Andre P, Khader, Yousef S, Khalifa, Shams Eldin A, Khan, Ejaz A, Khang, Young Ho, Kinge, Jonas M, Knibbs, Luke D, Kuipers, Ernst J, Kulkarni, Veena S, Kumar, G. Anil, Kyu, Hmwe H, Lansingh, Van C, Lawrynowicz, Alicia E. B, Leasher, Janet L, Levitz, Carly E, Lim, Stephen S, Lipshultz, Steven E, Lloyd, Belinda K, Lofgren, Katherine T, Looker, Katharine J, Lortet Tieulent, Joannie, Lotufo, Paulo A, Lucas, Robyn M, Lyons, Ronan A, Macintyre, Michael F, Mackay, Mark T, Margolis, David J, Marzan, Melvin B, Masci, Joseph R, Mashal, Mohammad T, Mayosi, Bongani M, Mazorodze, Tasara T, Mcgill, Neil W, Mcgrath, John J, Meaney, Peter A, Melaku, Yohannes A, Memish, Ziad A, Mensah, George A, Mhimbira, Francis A, Miller, Ted R, Mills, Edward J, Mitchell, Philip B, Mock, Charles N, Mohammad, Karzan A, Mokdad, Ali H, Mola, Glen L. D, Montine, Thomas J, Mooney, Meghan D, Moore, Ami R, Moradi Lakeh, Maziar, Moran, Andrew E, Moturi, Wilkister N, Moyer, Madeline L, Msemburi, William T, Mueller, Ulrich O, Mullany, Erin C, Murdoch, Michele E, Murthy, Kinnari S, Naidoo, Kovin S, Narayan, K. M. Venkat, Neupane, Sudan P, Newton, Charles R, Ngalesoni, Frida N, Nisar, Muhammad I, Norheim, Ole F, Norman, Rosana E, Oh, In Hwan, Ohno, Summer L, Olusanya, Bolajoko O, Pain, Amanda W, Pandian, Jeyaraj D, Panelo, Carlo Irwin A, Park, Eun Kee, Park, Jae Hyun, Patten, Scott B, Patton, George C, Paul, Vinod K, Pavlin, Boris I, Pereira, David M, Perez Padilla, Rogelio, Perez Ruiz, Fernando, Peterson, Carrie B, Phillips, Michael R, Phillips, Bryan K, Phillips, David E, Piel, Frédéric B, Poulton, Richie G, Prasad, Noela M, Pullan, Rachel L, Qato, Dima M, Quistberg, D. Alex, Rahman, Sajjad U, Rana, Saleem M, Reddy, K. Srinath, Ribeiro, Antonio L, Roberts, D. Allen, Rojas Rueda, David, Roth, Gregory A, Rothstein, David H, Rowley, Jane T, Ruhago, George M, Saeedi, Mohammad Y, Sampson, Uchechukwu K. A, Sanabria, Juan R, Santos, Itamar S, Schneider, Ione J, Schumacher, Austin E, Schwebel, David C, Scott, James G, Sepanlou, Sadaf G, Serina, Peter T, Servan Mori, Edson E, Shackelford, Katya A, Shrime, Mark G, Sigfusdottir, Inga D, Silberberg, Donald H, Simard, Edgar P, Singh, Jasvinder A, Sposato, Luciano A, Sreeramareddy, Chandrashekhar T, Stanaway, Jeffrey D, Stein, Dan J, Stein, Murray B, Steiner, Timothy J, Stovner, Lars J, Sunguya, Bruno F, Sykes, Bryan L, Tabb, Karen M, Taylor, Hugh R, Ao, Braden J. Te, Temesgen, Awoke M, Tenkorang, Eric Y, Terkawi, Abdullah S, Thorne Lyman, Andrew L, Thrift, Amanda G, Thurston, George D, Tran, Bach X, Tuzcu, Emin M, Uchendu, Uche S, Ukwaja, Kingsley N, Undurraga, Eduardo A, Uzun, Selen B, Van Brakel, Wim H, van Gool, Coen H, Vasankari, Tommi J, Violante, Francesco S, Vlassov, Vasiliy V, Wagner, Gregory R, Waller, Stephen G, Warouw, Tati S, Weintraub, Robert G, Whiteford, Harvey A, Wilkinson, James D, Williams, Thomas N, Wolfe, Charles D, Wolock, Timothy M, Woolf, Anthony D, Yan, Lijing L, Yentür, Gökalp K, Yoon, Seok Jun, Younis, Mustafa Z, Zaki, Maysaa E, Salomon, Joshua A, Lopez, Alan D, Computational Science and Engineering Department [Daresbury] ( STFC ), Science & Technologie Facilities Council, Neuroépidémiologie Tropicale ( NET ), CHU Limoges-Institut d'Epidémiologie Neurologique et de Neurologie Tropicale-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Institut Génomique, Environnement, Immunité, Santé, Thérapeutique ( GEIST ), Université de Limoges ( UNILIM ) -Université de Limoges ( UNILIM ), Service de Chirurgie Thoracique et Vasculaire - Médecine vasculaire [CHU Limoges], CHU Limoges, Weill Cornell Medical College - Qatar, Qatar Foundation - Education City, Doha, Maladies chroniques, santé perçue, et processus d'adaptation ( APEMAC ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Université de Lorraine ( UL ), Centre d'Investigation Clinique - Epidemiologie Clinique/essais Cliniques Nancy, Cancéropôle du Grand Est-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Karolinska Institute, karolinska institute, Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Zonas Aridas ( CEAZA ), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne ( EPFL ), Wisconsin Division of Public Health, Regional Genetic Service, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester, Laboratoire d'Ingénierie des Matériaux ( LIM ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Computer Science Department [Bristol], University of Bristol [Bristol], Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [Berkeley] ( LBNL ), Samsung Research &Development Institute India - Bangalore (Groupe Samsung) ( SRI-B ), Multimedia Research Center ( MRC ), University of Alberta [Edmonton], Division of Biostatistics ( Biostat - MINNEAPOLIS ), University of Minnesota [Minneapolis], Laboratory of Neurologic Diseases, Mario Negri Institute, Milan, University of Southampton [Southampton], Imperial College London, Neurology Department, Ichilov Medical Center, Department of Public Health and Primary Care, Cambridge University, Interactions, transferts, ruptures artistiques et culturels - EA 6301 ( InTRu ), Université de Tours, Institut Jacques Monod ( IJM ), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 ( UPD7 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institute of Parasitology, STAR laboratory, Stanford University [Stanford], Unité de recherche Virologie et Immunologie Moléculaires ( VIM ), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique ( INRA ), Tennent Institute of Ophthalmology, National University of Singapore ( NUS ), Multidisciplinary Nanotechnology Centre, Swansea University, Department of Computer Sciences [Scheffield], University of Sheffield [Sheffield], Cyprus International Institute for the Environment and Public Health, Harvard School of Public Health, Glasgow Centre for Physical Organic Chemistry, University of Glasgow, King‘s College London, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - UFR Science Politique ( UP1 UFR11 ), Université Panthéon-Sorbonne ( UP1 ), National Diagnostics Centre ( NDC ), National University of Ireland [Galway] ( NUI Galway ), Arthritis Research UK Epidemiology Unit ( MANCHESTER - Arthritis Research ), University of Manchester [Manchester], CEGOT - Porto, Universidade do Porto [Porto], Advanced Laboratories on Embedded Systems [Roma] ( ALES ), Department of Biology [Miami], University of Miami [Coral Gables], Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University and Research Centre [Wageningen] ( WUR ), Spatial Ecology and Epidemiology Group, University of Oxford [Oxford], Department of Civil Engineering [Hamirpur], National Institute of Technology [Hamirpur], GEMMA — Environmental Engineering and Microbiology Research Group, Department of Hydraulic, Maritime and Environmental Engineering, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya [Barcelona] ( UPC ), Institut National de Recherche et d'Analyse Physico-Chimique ( INRAP ), Institut National de Recherche et d'Analyse Physico-chimique (INRAP-Tunisie), University of Connecticut ( UCONN ), Norwegian Institute for Air Research ( NILU ), Franche-Comté Électronique Mécanique, Thermique et Optique - Sciences et Technologies (UMR 6174) ( FEMTO-ST ), Université de Franche-Comté ( UFC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et des Microtechniques ( ENSMM ) -Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard ( UTBM ), Tehran University, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg ( FAU ), Secretariat of the Pacific Community, Public Health Division, Sociétés, Acteurs, Gouvernement en Europe ( SAGE ), Université de Strasbourg ( UNISTRA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), School of Physics and Astronomy, Washington State University ( WSU ), Laboratoire de Physique de l'ENS Lyon ( Phys-ENS ), École normale supérieure - Lyon ( ENS Lyon ) -Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse ( IRIT ), Institut National Polytechnique [Toulouse] ( INP ) -Université Toulouse 1 Capitole ( UT1 ) -Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès ( UT2J ) -Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier ( UPS ), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), School of Computer Science - China University of Geosciences (China University of Geosciences (East Area)), Université Catholique de Louvain ( UCL ), Div Cyclotron & Radiopharmaceut Sci ( DRDO, INMAS ), Univ New Delhi, University of St Andrews [Scotland], University of Cape Town, Department of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet [Stockholm], Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay ( IPNO ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Department of Computer Science and Engineering [Daejeon] (Chungnam National University), Lawrence University, Gastroenterology & Hepatology, Tata Research Development and Design Center ( TRDDC ), TCS Innovation Labs, Laboratoire MOLTECH-Anjou [Angers] ( MOLTECH ANJOU ), Université d'Angers ( UA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), University of Helsinki [Helsinki], Google Inc [Mountain View], Research at Google, Swedish Defense Research Agency ( FOI ), Centre de Recherche en Information Biomédicale sino-français ( CRIBS ), Université de Rennes 1 ( UR1 ), Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Université de Rennes ( UNIV-RENNES ) -Southeast University [Jiangsu]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ), Laboratory of Image Science and Technology [Nanjing] ( LIST ), Southeast University [Jiangsu]-School of Computer Science and Engineering, Laboratoire de glaciologie et géophysique de l'environnement ( LGGE ), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble ( OSUG ), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ) -Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 ( UJF ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), School of Business and Informatics, University of Boras, Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering ( CAD Laboratory ), The Chinese University of Hong Kong [Hong Kong], Università degli studi di Bari, Heuristique et Diagnostic des Systèmes Complexes [Compiègne] ( Heudiasyc ), Université de Technologie de Compiègne ( UTC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Department of plant pathology and microbiology - centre for sustainable pest and disease management, Rothamsted Research, RGU, Department of Rheumatology and Connective Tissue Diseases, Medical University of Lublin, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London ( QMUL ), Centre d'économie de la Sorbonne ( CES ), Université Panthéon-Sorbonne ( UP1 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Paris School of Economics ( PSE ), Istituto Dalle Molle di Studi sull'Intelligenza Artificiale ( IDSIA ), Università della Svizzera italiana ( USI ) -Scuola universitaria professionale della Svizzera italiana [Manno] ( SUPSI ), Anaesthetics, Southampton University Hospital, Department of Mathematics, University of Iowa [Iowa City], College of Medicine, Alfaisal University, Saudi Ministry of Health, Institut national des recherches agricoles du Bénin, Centre de Recherches agricoles du Sud, Departments of Epidemiology and Nutrition, Unit of Human Nutrition, Agricultural University of Athens, Department of Animal Science, PennState University [Pennsylvania] ( PSU ), University of Virginia, University of Virginia [Charlottesville], Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, Institute for Maternal and Child Health - IRCCS ‘‘Burlo Garofolo', Jet Propulsion Laboratory ( JPL ), NASA-California Institute of Technology ( CALTECH ), Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital [Boston], Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Immunology, Mayo Clinic, Department of Chemistry, Scientific Computing Research Unit, Department of dermatology, Milano University-Azienda Ospedaleria Ospedali Riuniti di Bergamo, Department of epidemiology and Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University ( HKBU ), Département Optique ( OPT ), Université européenne de Bretagne ( UEB ) -Télécom Bretagne-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris], Department of Neurology Lunds University Hospital Lund, Services répartis, Architectures, MOdélisation, Validation, Administration des Réseaux ( SAMOVAR ), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris]-Télécom SudParis ( TSP ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Département Réseaux et Services Multimédia Mobiles ( RS2M ), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris]-Télécom SudParis ( TSP ), Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Department - Case Western Reserve University, Case Western Reserve University [Cleveland], Institut Lumière Matière [Villeurbanne] ( ILM ), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 ( UCBL ), World Health Organization, Nordic School of Public Health, The James Hutton Institute, Sero, Sero consulting, Evolutionary Ecology of Infectious Disease Group, Department of Zoology, Horia Hulubei National Institute for Physics and Nuclear Engineering, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Department of Physics, Clarendon Laboratory, Center for TeleInFrastruktur ( CTIF ), Aalborg University [Denmark] ( AAU ), Physikalisches Institut [Freiburg], Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Savoirs, Textes, Langage (STL) - UMR 8163 ( STL ), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Dept.of Computer Science, Indian Institute of Technology Madras ( IIT Madras ), Istituto Mario Negri Bergamo, Centro Ricerche e Trapianti Villa Camozzi, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita ( UNESP ), Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC-University Medical Center Rotterdam, Université Grenoble Alpes - UFR Médecine ( UGA UFRM ), Université Grenoble Alpes ( UGA ), Clinical Epidemiology and Aging Research, German Cancer Research Center, Institut Cochin ( UM3 (UMR 8104 / U1016) ), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 ( UPD5 ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Symantec, European Microsoft Innovation Center ( EMIC ), Microsoft Corporation [Redmond, Wash.], Laboratoire de Mécanique, Physique et Géosciences ( LMPG ), Université Le Havre Normandie ( ULH ), Normandie Université ( NU ) -Normandie Université ( NU ), Novartis institute for tropical diseases, Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire ( IGBMC ), Université de Strasbourg ( UNISTRA ) -Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale ( INSERM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Departments of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Departments of Ophthalmology, Departments of Applied Physics [New Haven], Yale University [New Haven], Center for Mathematical Modeling ( CMM ), Universidad de Santiago de Chile [Santiago] ( USACH ), Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics [Boulder] ( LASP ), University of Colorado Boulder [Boulder], University of Occupational and Environmental Health [Kitakyushu] ( UEOH ), Department of Computer Science and Engineering [New Delhi], Indian Institute of Technology Delhi ( IIT Delhi ), Institut de Recherche sur les Phénomènes Hors Equilibre ( IRPHE ), Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Ecole Centrale de Marseille ( ECM ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), GlaxoSmithKline, Imperial College London-Clinical Imaging Center, Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University School of Medicine, Yale School of Medicine-Yale School of Medicine-Yale Stem Cell Center, Maclean Building, Benson Lane, Crowmarsh Gifford, Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Nanoscience Institute ( NEST ), Dipartimento di Fisica, Università di Pisa, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Laboratory Of Immune Cell Biology ( LICB ), National Institutes of Health ( NIH ), Institute of Human Genetics, Bonn Universität [Bonn], Occupational Health Unit, Bologna University Hospital-Sant'Orsola-Malpighi Polyclinic, Royal Institute of Technology [Stockholm] ( KTH ), Institut für Informatik [München/Munich] ( LMU ), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, NICTA [Eveleigh], National ICT Australia [Sydney] ( NICTA ), Manchester Academic Health Sciences Centre, Institut d'Histoire et de Philosophie des Sciences et des Techniques ( IHPST ), Université Panthéon-Sorbonne ( UP1 ) -Département d'Etudes Cognitives - ENS Paris ( DEC ), École normale supérieure - Paris ( ENS Paris ) -École normale supérieure - Paris ( ENS Paris ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Ghent University [Belgium] ( UGENT ), German Research Centre for Geosciences - Helmholtz-Centre Potsdam ( GFZ ), Laboratoire de recherche en Hydrodynamique, Énergétique et Environnement Atmosphérique ( LHEEA ), École Centrale de Nantes ( ECN ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut de Recherche en Génie Civil et Mécanique ( GeM ), Université de Nantes ( UN ) -École Centrale de Nantes ( ECN ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Neurorestoration Group, King‘s College London-Wolfson Centre for Age-related Diseases, Department of Computer Science [KAIST] ( CS ), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology ( KAIST ), Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire ( LAL ), Natl Engn Res Ctr Vegetables, Key Lab Biol & Genet Improvement Hort Crops N Chi, Beijing Acad Agr & Forestry Sci, University Hospital Puerta de Hierro, Madrid, Computational Science and Engineering Department [Daresbury] (STFC), Neuroépidémiologie Tropicale (NET), CHU Limoges-Institut d'Epidémiologie Neurologique et de Neurologie Tropicale-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut Génomique, Environnement, Immunité, Santé, Thérapeutique (GEIST), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM), Weill Cornell Medicine [Qatar], Maladies chroniques, santé perçue, et processus d'adaptation (APEMAC), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Université de Lorraine (UL), Cancéropôle du Grand Est-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centro de Estudios Avanzados en Zonas Aridas (CEAZA), Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Laboratoire d'Ingénierie des Matériaux (LIM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory [Berkeley] (LBNL), Samsung Research &Development Institute India - Bangalore (Groupe Samsung) (SRI-B), Multimedia Research Center (MRC), University of Alberta, Division of Biostatistics (Biostat - MINNEAPOLIS), University of Minnesota [Twin Cities] (UMN), University of Minnesota System-University of Minnesota System, University of Southampton, University of Cambridge [UK] (CAM), Interactions, transferts, ruptures artistiques et culturels - EA 6301 (InTRu), Université de Tours (UT), Institut Jacques Monod (IJM (UMR_7592)), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Stanford University, Unité de recherche Virologie et Immunologie Moléculaires (VIM (UR 0892)), Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA), National University of Singapore (NUS), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne - UFR Science Politique (UP1 UFR11), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1), National Diagnostics Centre (NDC), National University of Ireland [Galway] (NUI Galway), Arthritis Research UK Epidemiology Unit (MANCHESTER - Arthritis Research), Universidade do Porto = University of Porto, Advanced Laboratories on Embedded Systems [Roma] (ALES), Wageningen University and Research [Wageningen] (WUR), University of Oxford, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya [Barcelona] (UPC), Institut National de Recherche et d'Analyse Physico-Chimique (INRAP), University of Connecticut (UCONN), Norwegian Institute for Air Research (NILU), Franche-Comté Électronique Mécanique, Thermique et Optique - Sciences et Technologies (UMR 6174) (FEMTO-ST), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et des Microtechniques (ENSMM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC), University of Tehran, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU), Sociétés, Acteurs, Gouvernement en Europe (SAGE), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), The George Washington University (GW), Washington State University (WSU), Laboratoire de Physique de l'ENS Lyon (Phys-ENS), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de recherche en informatique de Toulouse (IRIT), Université Toulouse Capitole (UT Capitole), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Toulouse Mind & Brain Institut (TMBI), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT), Université Catholique de Louvain = Catholic University of Louvain (UCL), Div Cyclotron & Radiopharmaceut Sci (DRDO, INMAS), School of Physics and Astronomy [St Andrews], Tata Research Development and Design Center (TRDDC), MOLTECH-Anjou, Université d'Angers (UA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Helsingin yliopisto = Helsingfors universitet = University of Helsinki, Swedish Defense Research Agency (FOI), Centre de Recherche en Information Biomédicale sino-français (CRIBS), Université de Rennes (UR)-Southeast University [Jiangsu]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Laboratory of Image Science and Technology [Nanjing] (LIST), Laboratoire de glaciologie et géophysique de l'environnement (LGGE), Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Mechanical and Automation Engineering (CAD Laboratory), Università degli studi di Bari Aldo Moro = University of Bari Aldo Moro (UNIBA), Heuristique et Diagnostic des Systèmes Complexes [Compiègne] (Heudiasyc), Université de Technologie de Compiègne (UTC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC)-Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC), Queen Mary University of London (QMUL), Centre d'économie de la Sorbonne (CES), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Paris School of Economics (PSE), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Istituto Dalle Molle di Studi sull'Intelligenza Artificiale (IDSIA), Università della Svizzera italiana = University of Italian Switzerland (USI)-Scuola universitaria professionale della Svizzera italiana = University of Applied Sciences and Arts of Southern Switzerland [Manno] (SUPSI), Pennsylvania State University (Penn State), Penn State System-Penn State System, Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Hong Kong Baptist University (HKBU), Département Optique (OPT), Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB)-Télécom Bretagne-Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT), Services répartis, Architectures, MOdélisation, Validation, Administration des Réseaux (SAMOVAR), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Télécom SudParis (TSP), Département Réseaux et Services Multimédia Mobiles (TSP - RS2M), University of Melbourne, Organisation Mondiale de la Santé / World Health Organization Office (OMS / WHO), University of Otago [Dunedin, Nouvelle-Zélande], Center for TeleInFrastruktur (CTIF), Aalborg University [Denmark] (AAU), Savoirs, Textes, Langage (STL) - UMR 8163 (STL), Université de Lille-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Indian Institute of Technology Madras (IIT Madras), Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho = São Paulo State University (UNESP), Erasmus University Medical Center [Rotterdam] (Erasmus MC), Université Grenoble Alpes - UFR Médecine (UGA UFRM), Université Grenoble Alpes [2016-2019] (UGA [2016-2019]), German Cancer Research Center - Deutsches Krebsforschungszentrum [Heidelberg] (DKFZ), Institut Cochin (IC UM3 (UMR 8104 / U1016)), Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), European Microsoft Innovation Center (EMIC), Laboratoire de Mécanique, Physique et Géosciences (LMPG), Université Le Havre Normandie (ULH), Normandie Université (NU)-Normandie Université (NU), Novartis Institute for Tropical Diseases (NITD), Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire (IGBMC), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Center for Mathematical Modeling (CMM), Universidad de Chile = University of Chile [Santiago] (UCHILE), Laboratory for Atmospheric and Space Physics [Boulder] (LASP), University of Colorado [Boulder], University of Occupational and Environmental Health [Kitakyushu] (UEOH), Indian Institute of Technology Delhi (IIT Delhi), Institut de Recherche sur les Phénomènes Hors Equilibre (IRPHE), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Yale University [New Haven]-Yale School of Medicine [New Haven, Connecticut] (YSM), Nanoscience Institute (NEST), University of Pisa - Università di Pisa, Laboratory Of Immune Cell Biology (LICB), National Institutes of Health [Bethesda] (NIH), Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Royal Institute of Technology [Stockholm] (KTH ), Institut für Informatik [München/Munich] (LMU), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU), National ICT Australia [Sydney] (NICTA), Institut d'Histoire et de Philosophie des Sciences et des Techniques (IHPST), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Département d'Etudes Cognitives - ENS Paris (DEC), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University (UGENT), German Research Centre for Geosciences - Helmholtz-Centre Potsdam (GFZ), Laboratoire de recherche en Hydrodynamique, Énergétique et Environnement Atmosphérique (LHEEA), École Centrale de Nantes (ECN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche en Génie Civil et Mécanique (GeM), Université de Nantes - UFR des Sciences et des Techniques (UN UFR ST), Université de Nantes (UN)-Université de Nantes (UN)-École Centrale de Nantes (ECN)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Department of Computer Science [KAIST] (CS), Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Kardiyoloji, Institut Génomique, Environnement, Immunité, Santé, Thérapeutique (GEIST), Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-Université de Limoges (UNILIM)-CHU Limoges-Institut d'Epidémiologie Neurologique et de Neurologie Tropicale-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), University of Minnesota [Twin Cities], Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Unité de recherche Virologie et Immunologie Moléculaires (VIM), Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - UFR Science Politique (UP1 UFR11), Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1), Wageningen University and Research Centre [Wageningen] (WUR), Institut National de Recherche et d'Analyse Physico-chimique (Ariana, Tunisie) (INRAP), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et des Microtechniques (ENSMM)-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM), George Washington University (GW), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1)-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Université Catholique de Louvain (UCL), MOLTECH-ANJOU (MOLTECH-ANJOU), Université d'Angers (UA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Helsinki, Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Southeast University [Jiangsu]-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università della Svizzera italiana (USI)-Scuola universitaria professionale della Svizzera italiana [Manno] (SUPSI), California Institute of Technology (CALTECH)-NASA, Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Télécom SudParis (TSP)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département Réseaux et Services Multimédia Mobiles (RS2M), Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho [São José do Rio Preto] (UNESP), Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Universidad de Santiago de Chile [Santiago] (USACH), Yale University [New Haven]-Yale University School of Medicine, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Département d'Etudes Cognitives - ENS Paris (DEC), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Université de Nantes - Faculté des Sciences et des Techniques, Grelier, Elisabeth, Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National Polytechnique (Toulouse) (Toulouse INP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Toulouse Mind & Brain Institut (TMBI), Université Toulouse - Jean Jaurès (UT2J)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Universidade do Porto, Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et des Microtechniques (ENSMM)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, Université Toulouse 1 Capitole (UT1), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire des Sciences de l'Univers de Grenoble (OSUG), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry]), Università degli studi di Bari Aldo Moro (UNIBA), École des Ponts ParisTech (ENPC)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Institut National de Recherche pour l’Agriculture, l’Alimentation et l’Environnement (INRAE), Università della Svizzera italiana = University of Italian Switzerland (USI)-Scuola universitaria professionale della Svizzera italiana [Manno] (SUPSI), Institut Mines-Télécom [Paris] (IMT)-Télécom Bretagne-Université européenne de Bretagne - European University of Brittany (UEB), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS Paris), Universiteit Gent = Ghent University [Belgium] (UGENT), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Institut d'Epidémiologie Neurologique et de Neurologie Tropicale-CHU Limoges-Institut Génomique, Environnement, Immunité, Santé, Thérapeutique (GEIST), Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et des Microtechniques (ENSMM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM), Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Université d'Angers (UA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Descartes - Paris 5 (UPD5)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École Centrale de Nantes (ECN), Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Joseph Fourier - Grenoble 1 (UJF)-Institut polytechnique de Grenoble - Grenoble Institute of Technology (Grenoble INP )-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Université Savoie Mont Blanc (USMB [Université de Savoie] [Université de Chambéry])-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Wolfson Centre for Age-related Diseases-King‘s College London, Cell biology, Public Health, Epidemiology, Health Technology Assessment (HTA), Erasmus MC other, Pathology, and Cardiothoracic Surgery
Subjects: Gerontology, Male, CHANGING RELATION, Nutrition and Disease, MESH : Life Expectancy, MESH : Aged, ECONOMIC-DEVELOPMENT, Poison control, MESH: Global Health, Global Health, Socioeconomic Factor, Communicable Disease, MESH : Chronic Disease, Health Transition, Voeding en Ziekte, Quality-Adjusted Life Year, SELF-RATED HEALTH, MESH : Socioeconomic Factors, Medicine, MESH : Female, MESH: Mortality, Premature, 2. Zero hunger, MESH: Aged, education.field_of_study, MESH: Middle Aged, Mortality rate, Medicine (all), GBD2013 diseases, [ SDV.SPEE ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, General Medicine, Middle Aged, 3. Good health, MESH : Wounds and Injuries, Epidemiological transition, MESH: Quality-Adjusted Life Years, MESH: Communicable Diseases, NONCOMMUNICABLE DISEASES, Female, Quality-Adjusted Life Years, MESH: Life Expectancy, MESH: Health Transition, Human, MESH: Socioeconomic Factors, ACUTE MYOCARDIAL-INFARCTION, MESH : Male, MORTALITY TRENDS, Population, MESH : Health Transition, Communicable Diseases, Article, Life Expectancy, EUROPEAN-UNION, SDG 3 - Good Health and Well-being, General & Internal Medicine, SYSTEMATIC ANALYSIS, Disability-adjusted life year, Humans, Life Science, MESH : Middle Aged, Mortality, education, Premature, MESH : Mortality, Premature, VLAG, Aged, MESH: Humans, business.industry, Mortality, Premature, MESH: Chronic Disease, MESH : Communicable Diseases, Wounds and Injurie, MESH : Humans, MESH : Quality-Adjusted Life Years, Non-communicable disease, Chronic Disease, Socioeconomic Factors, Wounds and Injuries, medicine.disease, MESH: Male, LOW SOCIOECONOMIC-STATUS, Years of potential life lost, [SDV.SPEE] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, MESH: Wounds and Injuries, Life expectancy, RISK-FACTORS, MESH : Global Health, [SDV.SPEE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Santé publique et épidémiologie, business, MESH: Female, Demography
Abstract: Summary Background The Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 (GBD 2013) aims to bring together all available epidemiological data using a coherent measurement framework, standardised estimation methods, and transparent data sources to enable comparisons of health loss over time and across causes, age–sex groups, and countries. The GBD can be used to generate summary measures such as disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) and healthy life expectancy (HALE) that make possible comparative assessments of broad epidemiological patterns across countries and time. These summary measures can also be used to quantify the component of variation in epidemiology that is related to sociodemographic development. Methods We used the published GBD 2013 data for age-specific mortality, years of life lost due to premature mortality (YLLs), and years lived with disability (YLDs) to calculate DALYs and HALE for 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010, and 2013 for 188 countries. We calculated HALE using the Sullivan method; 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs) represent uncertainty in age-specific death rates and YLDs per person for each country, age, sex, and year. We estimated DALYs for 306 causes for each country as the sum of YLLs and YLDs; 95% UIs represent uncertainty in YLL and YLD rates. We quantified patterns of the epidemiological transition with a composite indicator of sociodemographic status, which we constructed from income per person, average years of schooling after age 15 years, and the total fertility rate and mean age of the population. We applied hierarchical regression to DALY rates by cause across countries to decompose variance related to the sociodemographic status variable, country, and time. Findings Worldwide, from 1990 to 2013, life expectancy at birth rose by 6·2 years (95% UI 5·6–6·6), from 65·3 years (65·0–65·6) in 1990 to 71·5 years (71·0–71·9) in 2013, HALE at birth rose by 5·4 years (4·9–5·8), from 56·9 years (54·5–59·1) to 62·3 years (59·7–64·8), total DALYs fell by 3·6% (0·3–7·4), and age-standardised DALY rates per 100 000 people fell by 26·7% (24·6–29·1). For communicable, maternal, neonatal, and nutritional disorders, global DALY numbers, crude rates, and age-standardised rates have all declined between 1990 and 2013, whereas for non–communicable diseases, global DALYs have been increasing, DALY rates have remained nearly constant, and age-standardised DALY rates declined during the same period. From 2005 to 2013, the number of DALYs increased for most specific non-communicable diseases, including cardiovascular diseases and neoplasms, in addition to dengue, food-borne trematodes, and leishmaniasis; DALYs decreased for nearly all other causes. By 2013, the five leading causes of DALYs were ischaemic heart disease, lower respiratory infections, cerebrovascular disease, low back and neck pain, and road injuries. Sociodemographic status explained more than 50% of the variance between countries and over time for diarrhoea, lower respiratory infections, and other common infectious diseases; maternal disorders; neonatal disorders; nutritional deficiencies; other communicable, maternal, neonatal, and nutritional diseases; musculoskeletal disorders; and other non-communicable diseases. However, sociodemographic status explained less than 10% of the variance in DALY rates for cardiovascular diseases; chronic respiratory diseases; cirrhosis; diabetes, urogenital, blood, and endocrine diseases; unintentional injuries; and self-harm and interpersonal violence. Predictably, increased sociodemographic status was associated with a shift in burden from YLLs to YLDs, driven by declines in YLLs and increases in YLDs from musculoskeletal disorders, neurological disorders, and mental and substance use disorders. In most country-specific estimates, the increase in life expectancy was greater than that in HALE. Leading causes of DALYs are highly variable across countries. Interpretation Global health is improving. Population growth and ageing have driven up numbers of DALYs, but crude rates have remained relatively constant, showing that progress in health does not mean fewer demands on health systems. The notion of an epidemiological transition—in which increasing sociodemographic status brings structured change in disease burden—is useful, but there is tremendous variation in burden of disease that is not associated with sociodemographic status. This further underscores the need for country-specific assessments of DALYs and HALE to appropriately inform health policy decisions and attendant actions. Funding Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation. BACKGROUND: The Global Burden of Disease Study 2013 (GBD 2013) aims to bring together all available epidemiological data using a coherent measurement framework, standardised estimation methods, and transparent data sources to enable comparisons of health loss over time and across causes, age-sex groups, and countries. The GBD can be used to generate summary measures such as disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) and healthy life expectancy (HALE) that make possible comparative assessments of broad epidemiological patterns across countries and time. These summary measures can also be used to quantify the component of variation in epidemiology that is related to sociodemographic development. METHODS: We used the published GBD 2013 data for age-specific mortality, years of life lost due to premature mortality (YLLs), and years lived with disability (YLDs) to calculate DALYs and HALE for 1990, 1995, 2000, 2005, 2010, and 2013 for 188 countries. We calculated HALE using the Sullivan method; 95% uncertainty intervals (UIs) represent uncertainty in age-specific death rates and YLDs per person for each country, age, sex, and year. We estimated DALYs for 306 causes for each country as the sum of YLLs and YLDs; 95% UIs represent uncertainty in YLL and YLD rates. We quantified patterns of the epidemiological transition with a composite indicator of sociodemographic status, which we constructed from income per person, average years of schooling after age 15 years, and the total fertility rate and mean age of the population. We applied hierarchical regression to DALY rates by cause across countries to decompose variance related to the sociodemographic status variable, country, and time. FINDINGS: Worldwide, from 1990 to 2013, life expectancy at birth rose by 6·2 years (95% UI 5·6-6·6), from 65·3 years (65·0-65·6) in 1990 to 71·5 years (71·0-71·9) in 2013, HALE at birth rose by 5·4 years (4·9-5·8), from 56·9 years (54·5-59·1) to 62·3 years (59·7-64·8), total DALYs fell by 3·6% (0·3-7·4), and age-standardised DALY rates per 100 000 people fell by 26·7% (24·6-29·1). For communicable, maternal, neonatal, and nutritional disorders, global DALY numbers, crude rates, and age-standardised rates have all declined between 1990 and 2013, whereas for non-communicable diseases, global DALYs have been increasing, DALY rates have remained nearly constant, and age-standardised DALY rates declined during the same period. From 2005 to 2013, the number of DALYs increased for most specific non-communicable diseases, including cardiovascular diseases and neoplasms, in addition to dengue, food-borne trematodes, and leishmaniasis; DALYs decreased for nearly all other causes. By 2013, the five leading causes of DALYs were ischaemic heart disease, lower respiratory infections, cerebrovascular disease, low back and neck pain, and road injuries. Sociodemographic status explained more than 50% of the variance between countries and over time for diarrhoea, lower respiratory infections, and other common infectious diseases; maternal disorders; neonatal disorders; nutritional deficiencies; other communicable, maternal, neonatal, and nutritional diseases; musculoskeletal disorders; and other non-communicable diseases. However, sociodemographic status explained less than 10% of the variance in DALY rates for cardiovascular diseases; chronic respiratory diseases; cirrhosis; diabetes, urogenital, blood, and endocrine diseases; unintentional injuries; and self-harm and interpersonal violence. Predictably, increased sociodemographic status was associated with a shift in burden from YLLs to YLDs, driven by declines in YLLs and increases in YLDs from musculoskeletal disorders, neurological disorders, and mental and substance use disorders. In most country-specific estimates, the increase in life expectancy was greater than that in HALE. Leading causes of DALYs are highly variable across countries. INTERPRETATION: Global health is improving. Population growth and ageing have driven up numbers of DALYs, but crude rates have remained relatively constant, showing that progress in health does not mean fewer demands on health systems. The notion of an epidemiological transition-in which increasing sociodemographic status brings structured change in disease burden-is useful, but there is tremendous variation in burden of disease that is not associated with sociodemographic status. This further underscores the need for country-specific assessments of DALYs and HALE to appropriately inform health policy decisions and attendant actions. FUNDING: Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation.
Published: 2015

20. Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015

Author: Haidong, Wang, Mohsen, Naghavi, Christine, Allen, Ryan M, Barber Zulfi, qar A, Bhutta, Austin, Carter, Daniel C, Casey Fiona, J Charlson, Alan Zian, Chen Matthew, M Coates, Megan, Coggeshall, Lalit, Dandona, Daniel J, Dicker Holly, E Erskine, Alize J, Ferrari, Christina, Fitzmaurice, Kyle, Foreman, Mohammad H, Forouzanfar Maya, S Fraser, Nancy, Fullman, Peter W, Gething Ellen, M Goldberg, Nicholas, Graetz, Juanita A, Haagsma Simon, I Hay, Chantal, Huynh, Catherine O, Johnson Nicholas, J Kassebaum, Yohannes, Kinfu, Xie Rachel, Kulikoff, Michael, Kutz, Hmwe H, Kyu Heidi, J Larson, Janni, Leung, Xiaofeng, Liang, Stephen S, Lim, Margaret, Lind, Rafael, Lozano, Neal, Marquez, George A, Mensah, Joe, Mikesell, Ali H, Mokdad Meghan, D Mooney, Grant, Nguyen, Elaine, Nsoesie, David M, Pigott, Christine, Pinho, Gregory A, Roth Joshua, A Salomon, Logan, Sandar, Naris, Silpakit, Amber, Sligar, Reed J, D Sorensen, Jeff rey, Stanaway, Caitlyn, Steiner, Stephanie, Teeple, Bernadette A, Thomas, Christopher, Troeger, Amelia, VanderZanden, Stein Emil, Vollset, Valentine, Wanga, Harvey A, Whiteford, Timothy, Wolock, Leo, Zoeckler, Kalkidan Hassen, Abate, Cristiana, Abbafati, Kaja M, Abbas, Foad, Abd-Allah, Semaw Ferede, Abera Daisy, M X, Abreu Laith, J Abu-Raddad, Gebre Yitayih, Abyu, Tom, Achoki, Ademola Lukman, Adelekan Zanfi, na Ademi, Arsène Kouablan, Adou José, C Adsuar, Kossivi Agbelenko, Afanvi, Ashkan, Afshin, Emilie Elisabet, Agardh, Arnav, Agarwal, Anurag, Agrawal, Aliasghar Ahmad, Kiadaliri Oluremi, N Ajala, Ali Shafqat, Akanda Rufus, Olusola Akinyemi, Tomi F, Akinyemiju, Nadia, Akseer, Faris Hasan, Al Lami, Samer, Alabed, Ziyad, Al-Aly, Khurshid, Alam, Noore K, M Alam, Deena, Alasfoor, Saleh Fahed, Aldhahri Robert, William Aldridge, Miguel Angel, Alegretti Alicia, V Aleman, Zewdie Aderaw, Alemu Lily, T Alexander, Samia, Alhabib, Raghib, Ali, Ala’a, Alkerwi, François, Alla, Peter, Allebeck, Rajaa, Al-Raddadi, Ubai, Alsharif, Khalid A, Altirkawi Elena, Alvarez Martin, Nelson, Alvis-Guzman, Azmeraw T, Amare Adeladza, Kofi Amegah, Emmanuel A, Ameh, Heresh, Amini, Walid, Ammar, Stephen Marc, Amrock Hjalte, H Andersen, Benjamin O, Anderson Gregory, M Anderson, Carl Abelardo, T Antonio, Atsede Fantahun, Aregay, Johan, Ärnlöv, Valentina S, Arsic Arsenijevic, Al, Artaman, Hamid, Asayesh, Rana Jawad, Asghar, Suleman, Atique, Euripide Frinel, G Arthur, Avokpaho, Ashish, Awasthi, Peter, Azzopardi, Umar, Bacha, Alaa, Badawi, Maria C, Bahit, Kalpana, Balakrishnan, Amitava, Banerjee, Aleksandra, Barac, Suzanne L, Barker-Collo, Till, Bärnighausen, Lars, Barregard, Lope H, Barrero, Arindam, Basu, Sanjay, Basu, Yibeltal Tebekaw, Bayou, Shahrzad, Bazargan-Hejazi, Justin, Beardsley, Neeraj, Bedi, Ettore, Beghi, Haileeyesus Adamu, Belay, Brent, Bell, Michelle L, Bell Aminu, K Bello, Derrick A, Bennett Isabela, M Bensenor, Adugnaw, Berhane, Eduardo, Bernabé, Balem Demtsu, Betsu Addisu, Shunu Beyene, Neeraj, Bhala, Ashish, Bhalla, Sibhatu, Biadgilign, Boris, Bikbov, Aref A, Bin Abdulhak, Brian J, Biroscak, Stan, Biryukov, Espen, Bjertness, Jed D, Blore Christopher, D Blosser, Megan A, Bohensky, Rohan, Borschmann, Dipan, Bose, Rupert R, A Bourne, Michael, Brainin, Carol E, G Brayne, Alexandra, Brazinova, Nicholas J, K Breitborde, Hermann, Brenner, Jerry D, Brewer, Alexandria, Brown, Jonathan, Brown, Traolach S, Brugha Geoff, rey Colin, Buckle Zahid, A Butt, Bianca, Calabria, Ismael Ricardo, Campos-Nonato Julio, Cesar Campuzano, Jonathan R, Carapetis, Rosario, Cárdenas, David O, Carpenter Juan, Jesus Carrero, Carlos A, Castañeda-Orjuela Jacqueline, Castillo Rivas, Ferrán, Catalá-López, Fiorella, Cavalleri, Kelly, Cercy, Jorge, Cerda, Wanqing, Chen, Adrienne, Chew, Peggy Pei-Chia, Chiang, Mirriam, Chibalabala, Chioma Ezinne, Chibueze, Odgerel, Chimed-Ochir, Vesper Hichilombwe, Chisumpa Jee-Young, Jasmine Choi, Rajiv, Chowdhury, Hanne, Christensen, Devasahayam Jesudas, Christopher Liliana, G Ciobanu, Cirillo Massimo, Aaron J, Cohen, Valentina, Colistro, Mercedes, Colomar, Samantha M, Colquhoun, Cyrus, Cooper, Leslie Trumbull, Cooper, Monica, Cortinovis, Benjamin C, Cowie John, A Crump, James, Damsere-Derry, Hadi, Danawi, Rakhi, Dandona, Farah, Daoud, Sarah C, Darby Paul, I Dargan, José das, Neves, Gail, Davey, Adrian C, Davis Dragos, V Davitoiu, E Filipa, de Castro, Pieter de, Jager Diego, De Leo, Louisa, Degenhardt, Robert P, Dellavalle, Kebede, Deribe, Amare, Deribew, Samath D, Dharmaratne Preet, K Dhillon, Cesar, Diaz-Torné, Eric L, Ding Kadine, Priscila Bender, dos Santos, Edem, Dossou, Tim R, Driscoll, Leilei, Duan, Manisha, Dubey, Bruce Bartholow, Duncan Richard, G Ellenbogen, Christian Lycke, Ellingsen, Iqbal, Elyazar, Aman Yesuf, Endries Sergey, Petrovich Ermakov, Babak, Eshrati, Alireza, Esteghamati, Kara, Estep, Imad D, A Faghmous, Saman, Fahimi, Emerito Jose, Aquino Faraon, Talha A, Farid Carla, Sofi a, e Sa, Farinha, André, Faro, Maryam S, Farvid, Farshad, Farzadfar, Valery L, Feigin, Seyed-Mohammad, Fereshtehnejad, Jeff erson, G Fernandes, Joao C, Fernandes, Florian, Fischer, Joseph R, A Fitchett, Abraham, Flaxman, Nataliya, Foigt, F Gerry, R Fowkes, Elisabeth Barboza, Franca Richard, C Franklin, Joseph, Friedman, Joseph, Frostad, Thomas, Fürst, Neal D, Futran Seana, L Gall, Ketevan, Gambashidze, Amiran, Gamkrelidze, Parthasarathi, Ganguly, Fortuné Gbètoho, Gankpé, Teshome, Gebre, Tsegaye Tsewelde, Gebrehiwot Amanuel, Tesfay Gebremedhin, Alemseged Aregay, Gebru Johanna, M Geleijnse, Bradford D, Gessner Aloke, Gopal Ghoshal, Katherine B, Gibney Richard, F Gillum, Stuart, Gilmour, Ababi Zergaw, Giref, Maurice, Giroud, Melkamu Dedefo, Gishu, Giorgia, Giussani, Elizabeth, Glaser, William W, Godwin, Hector, Gomez-Dantes, Philimon, Gona, Amador, Goodridge, Sameer Vali, Gopalani Richard, A Gosselin, Carolyn C, Gotay, Atsushi, Goto, Hebe N, Gouda, Felix, Greaves, Harish Chander, Gugnani, Rahul, Gupta, Rajeev, Gupta, Vipin, Gupta, Reyna A, Gutiérrez, Nima, Hafezi-Nejad, Demewoz, Haile, Alemayehu Desalegne, Hailu Gessessew, Bugssa Hailu, Yara A, Halasa Randah, Ribhi Hamadeh, Samer, Hamidi, Jamie, Hancock, Alexis J, Handal Graeme, J Hankey, Yuantao, Hao, Hilda L, Harb, Sivadasanpillai, Harikrishnan, Josep Maria, Haro, Rasmus, Havmoeller, Susan R, Heckbert Ileana, Beatriz Heredia-Pi, Pouria, Heydarpour, Henk B, M Hilderink, Hans W, Hoek Robert, S Hogg, Masako, Horino, Nobuyuki, Horita, H Dean, Hosgood Peter, J Hotez, Damian G, Hoy, Mohamed, Hsairi, Aung Soe, Htet Maung, Maung Than, Htike, Guoqing, Hu, Cheng, Huang, Hsiang, Huang, Laetitia, Huiart, Abdullatif, Husseini, Inge, Huybrechts, Grace, Huynh, Kim Moesgaard, Iburg, Kaire, Innos, Manami, Inoue, Veena J, Iyer Troy, A Jacobs, Kathryn H, Jacobsen, Nader, Jahanmehr, Mihajlo B, Jakovljevic, Peter, James, Mehdi, Javanbakht, Sudha P, Jayaraman Achala, Upendra Jayatilleke, Panniyammakal, Jeemon, Paul N, Jensen, Vivekanand, Jha, Guohong, Jiang, Ying, Jiang, Tariku, Jibat, Aida, Jimenez-Corona, Jost B, Jonas Tushar, Kant Joshi, Zubair, Kabir, Ritul, Kamal, Haidong, Kan, Surya, Kant, André, Karch, Corine Kakizi, Karema, Chante, Karimkhani, Dimitris, Karletsos, Ganesan, Karthikeyan, Amir, Kasaeian, Marzieh, Katibeh, Anil, Kaul, Norito, Kawakami, Jeanne Françoise, Kayibanda Peter, Njenga Keiyoro, Laura, Kemmer, Andrew Haddon, Kemp Andre, Pascal Kengne, Andre, Keren, Maia, Kereselidze, Chandrasekharan Nair, Kesavachandran Yousef, Saleh Khader, Ibrahim A, Khalil Abdur, Rahman Khan, Ejaz Ahmad, Khan, Young-Ho, Khang, Sahil, Khera, Tawfi k, Ahmed Muthafer, Khoja, Christian, Kieling, Daniel, Kim, Yun Jin, Kim Brett, M Kissela, Niranjan, Kissoon, Luke D, Knibbs Ann, Kristin Knudsen, Yoshihiro, Kokubo, Dhaval, Kolte, Jacek A, Kopec, Soewarta, Kosen, Parvaiz A, Koul, Ai, Koyanagi, Norun Hjertager, Krog Barthelemy, Kuate Defo, Burcu Kucuk, Bicer Andreas, A Kudom, Ernst J, Kuipers Veena, S Kulkarni, G Anil, Kumar Gene, F Kwan, Aparna, Lal, Dharmesh Kumar, Lal, Ratilal, Lalloo, Hilton, Lam, Jennifer O, Lam Sinead, M 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Bach Xuan, Truelsen, Thoma, Trujillo, Ulise, Tura, Abera Kenay, Tuzcu, Emin Murat, Uchendu, Uche S, Ukwaja, Kingsley N, Undurraga, Eduardo A, Uthman, Olalekan A, Dingenen, Rita Van, van Donkelaar, Aaron, Vasankari, Tommi, Vasconcelos, Ana Maria Nogale, Venketasubramanian, Narayanaswamy, Vidavalur, Ramesh, Vijayakumar, Lakshmi, Villalpando, Salvador, Violante, Francesco S, Vlassov, Vasiliy Victorovich, Wagner, Joseph A, Wagner, Gregory R, Wallin, Mitchell T, Wang, Linhong, Watkins, David A, Weichenthal, Scott, Weiderpass, Elisabete, Weintraub, Robert G, Werdecker, Andrea, Westerman, Ronny, White, Richard A, Wijeratne, Tissa, Wilkinson, James D, Williams, Hywel C, Wiysonge, Charles Shey, Woldeyohannes, Solomon Meseret, Wolfe, Charles D A, Won, Sungho, Wong, John Q, Woolf, Anthony D, Xavier, Deni, Xiao, Qingyang, Xu, Gelin, Yakob, Bereket, Yalew, Ayalnesh Zemene, Yan, Lijing L, Yano, Yuichiro, Yaseri, Mehdi, Ye, Pengpeng, Yebyo, Henock Gebremedhin, Yip, Paul, Yirsaw, Biruck Desalegn, Yonemoto, Naohiro, Yonga, Gerald, Younis, Mustafa Z, Yu, Shicheng, Zaidi, Zoubida, Zaki, Maysaa El Sayed, Zannad, Faiez, Zavala, Diego E, Zeeb, Hajo, Zeleke, Berihun M, Zhang, Hao, Zodpey, Sanjay, Zonies, David, Zuhlke, Liesl Joanna, Vos, Theo, Lopez, Alan D, and Murray, Christopher J L
Subjects: VITAL-STATISTICS, INTEGRATED APPROACH, ECONOMIC-DEVELOPMENT, DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE, UNITED-STATES, Global Health, Communicable Disease, Communicable Diseases, cause of death, Medicine, General & Internal, Life Expectancy, General & Internal Medicine, Humans, Mortality, Medicine(all), Science & Technology, Mortality, Premature, Medicine (all), EPIDEMIOLOGIC TRANSITION, GBD 2015 Mortality and Causes of Death Collaborators, CIVIL REGISTRATION, Public Health, Global Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology, Articles, 11 Medical And Health Sciences, ROAD TRAFFIC INJURIES, ALZHEIMERS-DISEASE, Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi, VERBAL AUTOPSY, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, Human
Abstract: Background Improving survival and extending the longevity of life for all populations requires timely, robust evidence on local mortality levels and trends. The Global Burden of Disease 2015 Study (GBD 2015) provides a comprehensive assessment of all-cause and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes in 195 countries and territories from 1980 to 2015. These results informed an in-depth investigation of observed and expected mortality patterns based on sociodemographic measures. Methods We estimated all-cause mortality by age, sex, geography, and year using an improved analytical approach originally developed for GBD 2013 and GBD 2010. Improvements included refinements to the estimation of child and adult mortality and corresponding uncertainty, parameter selection for under-5 mortality synthesis by spatiotemporal Gaussian process regression, and sibling history data processing. We also expanded the database of vital registration, survey, and census data to 14 294 geography-year datapoints. For GBD 2015, eight causes, including Ebola virus disease, were added to the previous GBD cause list for mortality. We used six modelling approaches to assess cause-specific mortality, with the Cause of Death Ensemble Model (CODEm) generating estimates for most causes. We used a series of novel analyses to systematically quantify the drivers of trends in mortality across geographies. First, we assessed observed and expected levels and trends of cause-specific mortality as they relate to the Socio-demographic Index (SDI), a summary indicator derived from measures of income per capita, educational attainment, and fertility. Second, we examined factors affecting total mortality patterns through a series of counterfactual scenarios, testing the magnitude by which population growth, population age structures, and epidemiological changes contributed to shifts in mortality. Finally, we attributed changes in life expectancy to changes in cause of death. We documented each step of the GBD 2015 estimation processes, as well as data sources, in accordance with Guidelines for Accurate and Transparent Health Estimates Reporting (GATHER). Findings Globally, life expectancy from birth increased from 61.7 years (95% uncertainty interval 61.4-61.9) in 1980 to 71.8 years (71.5-72.2) in 2015. Several countries in sub-Saharan Africa had very large gains in life expectancy from 2005 to 2015, rebounding from an era of exceedingly high loss of life due to HIV/AIDS. At the same time, many geographies saw life expectancy stagnate or decline, particularly for men and in countries with rising mortality from war or interpersonal violence. From 2005 to 2015, male life expectancy in Syria dropped by 11.3 years (3.7-17.4), to 62.6 years (56.5-70.2). Total deaths increased by 4.1% (2.6-5.6) from 2005 to 2015, rising to 55.8 million (54.9 million to 56.6 million) in 2015, but age-standardised death rates fell by 17.0% (15.8-18.1) during this time, underscoring changes in population growth and shifts in global age structures. The result was similar for non-communicable diseases (NCDs), with total deaths from these causes increasing by 14.1% (12.6-16.0) to 39.8 million (39.2 million to 40.5 million) in 2015, whereas age-standardised rates decreased by 13.1% (11.9-14.3). Globally, this mortality pattern emerged for several NCDs, including several types of cancer, ischaemic heart disease, cirrhosis, and Alzheimer's disease and other dementias. By contrast, both total deaths and age-standardised death rates due to communicable, maternal, neonatal, and nutritional conditions significantly declined from 2005 to 2015, gains largely attributable to decreases in mortality rates due to HIV/AIDS (42.1%, 39.1-44.6), malaria (43.1%, 34.7-51.8), neonatal preterm birth complications (29.8%, 24.8-34.9), and maternal disorders (29.1%, 19.3-37.1). Progress was slower for several causes, such as lower respiratory infections and nutritional deficiencies, whereas deaths increased for others, including dengue and drug use disorders. Age-standardised death rates due to injuries significantly declined from 2005 to 2015, yet interpersonal violence and war claimed increasingly more lives in some regions, particularly in the Middle East. In 2015, rotaviral enteritis (rotavirus) was the leading cause of under-5 deaths due to diarrhoea (146 000 deaths, 118 000-183 000) and pneumococcal pneumonia was the leading cause of under-5 deaths due to lower respiratory infections (393 000 deaths, 228 000-532 000), although pathogen-specific mortality varied by region. Globally, the effects of population growth, ageing, and changes in age-standardised death rates substantially differed by cause. Our analyses on the expected associations between cause-specific mortality and SDI show the regular shifts in cause of death composition and population age structure with rising SDI. Country patterns of premature mortality (measured as years of life lost [YLLs]) and how they differ from the level expected on the basis of SDI alone revealed distinct but highly heterogeneous patterns by region and country or territory. Ischaemic heart disease, stroke, and diabetes were among the leading causes of YLLs in most regions, but in many cases, intraregional results sharply diverged for ratios of observed and expected YLLs based on SDI. Communicable, maternal, neonatal, and nutritional diseases caused the most YLLs throughout sub-Saharan Africa, with observed YLLs far exceeding expected YLLs for countries in which malaria or HIV/AIDS remained the leading causes of early death. Interpretation At the global scale, age-specific mortality has steadily improved over the past 35 years; this pattern of general progress continued in the past decade. Progress has been faster in most countries than expected on the basis of development measured by the SDI. Against this background of progress, some countries have seen falls in life expectancy, and age-standardised death rates for some causes are increasing. Despite progress in reducing age-standardised death rates, population growth and ageing mean that the number of deaths from most non-communicable causes are increasing in most countries, putting increased demands on health systems. Copyright (C) The Author(s). Published by Elsevier Ltd.
Published: 2016

21. Global, Regional, and National Cancer Incidence, Mortality, Years of Life Lost, Years Lived With Disability, and Disability-Adjusted Life-years for 32 Cancer Groups, 1990 to 2015: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study.

Author: Fitzmaurice C, Allen C, Barber RM, Barregard L, Bhutta ZA, Brenner H, Dicker DJ, Chimed-Orchir O, Dandona R, Dandona L, Fleming T, Forouzanfar MH, Hancock J, Hay RJ, Hunter-Merrill R, Huynh C, Hosgood HD, Johnson CO, Jonas JB, Khubchandani J, Kumar GA, Kutz M, Lan Q, Larson HJ, Liang X, Lim SS, Lopez AD, MacIntyre MF, Marczak L, Marquez N, Mokdad AH, Pinho C, Pourmalek F, Salomon JA, Sanabria JR, Sandar L, Sartorius B, Schwartz SM, Shackelford KA, Shibuya K, Stanaway J, Steiner C, Sun J, Takahashi K, Vollset SE, Vos T, Wagner JA, Wang H, Westerman R, Zeeb H, Zoeckler L, Abd-Allah F, Ahmed MB, Alabed S, Alam NK, Aldhahri SF, Alem G, Alemayohu MA, Ali R, Al-Raddadi R, Amare A, Amoako Y, Artaman A, Asayesh H, Atnafu N, Awasthi A, Saleem HB, Barac A, Bedi N, Bensenor I, Berhane A, Bernabé E, Betsu B, Binagwaho A, Boneya D, Campos-Nonato I, Castañeda-Orjuela C, Catalá-López F, Chiang P, Chibueze C, Chitheer A, Choi JY, Cowie B, Damtew S, das Neves J, Dey S, Dharmaratne S, Dhillon P, Ding E, Driscoll T, Ekwueme D, Endries AY, Farvid M, Farzadfar F, Fernandes J, Fischer F, G/Hiwot TT, Gebru A, Gopalani S, Hailu A, Horino M, Horita N, Husseini A, Huybrechts I, Inoue M, Islami F, Jakovljevic M, James S, Javanbakht M, Jee SH, Kasaeian A, Kedir MS, Khader YS, Khang YH, Kim D, Leigh J, Linn S, Lunevicius R, El Razek HMA, Malekzadeh R, Malta DC, Marcenes W, Markos D, Melaku YA, Meles KG, Mendoza W, Mengiste DT, Meretoja TJ, Miller TR, Mohammad KA, Mohammadi A, Mohammed S, Moradi-Lakeh M, Nagel G, Nand D, Le Nguyen Q, Nolte S, Ogbo FA, Oladimeji KE, Oren E, Pa M, Park EK, Pereira DM, Plass D, Qorbani M, Radfar A, Rafay A, Rahman M, Rana SM, Søreide K, Satpathy M, Sawhney M, Sepanlou SG, Shaikh MA, She J, Shiue I, Shore HR, Shrime MG, So S, Soneji S, Stathopoulou V, Stroumpoulis K, Sufiyan MB, Sykes BL, Tabarés-Seisdedos R, Tadese F, Tedla BA, Tessema GA, Thakur JS, Tran BX, Ukwaja KN, Uzochukwu BSC, Vlassov VV, Weiderpass E, Wubshet Terefe M, Yebyo HG, Yimam HH, Yonemoto N, Younis MZ, Yu C, Zaidi Z, Zaki MES, Zenebe ZM, Murray CJL, and Naghavi M
Subjects: Age Distribution, Female, Humans, Incidence, Male, Sex Distribution, Time Factors, Global Burden of Disease trends, Neoplasms epidemiology
Abstract: Importance: Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide. Current estimates on the burden of cancer are needed for cancer control planning., Objective: To estimate mortality, incidence, years lived with disability (YLDs), years of life lost (YLLs), and disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 32 cancers in 195 countries and territories from 1990 to 2015., Evidence Review: Cancer mortality was estimated using vital registration system data, cancer registry incidence data (transformed to mortality estimates using separately estimated mortality to incidence [MI] ratios), and verbal autopsy data. Cancer incidence was calculated by dividing mortality estimates through the modeled MI ratios. To calculate cancer prevalence, MI ratios were used to model survival. To calculate YLDs, prevalence estimates were multiplied by disability weights. The YLLs were estimated by multiplying age-specific cancer deaths by the reference life expectancy. DALYs were estimated as the sum of YLDs and YLLs. A sociodemographic index (SDI) was created for each location based on income per capita, educational attainment, and fertility. Countries were categorized by SDI quintiles to summarize results., Findings: In 2015, there were 17.5 million cancer cases worldwide and 8.7 million deaths. Between 2005 and 2015, cancer cases increased by 33%, with population aging contributing 16%, population growth 13%, and changes in age-specific rates contributing 4%. For men, the most common cancer globally was prostate cancer (1.6 million cases). Tracheal, bronchus, and lung cancer was the leading cause of cancer deaths and DALYs in men (1.2 million deaths and 25.9 million DALYs). For women, the most common cancer was breast cancer (2.4 million cases). Breast cancer was also the leading cause of cancer deaths and DALYs for women (523 000 deaths and 15.1 million DALYs). Overall, cancer caused 208.3 million DALYs worldwide in 2015 for both sexes combined. Between 2005 and 2015, age-standardized incidence rates for all cancers combined increased in 174 of 195 countries or territories. Age-standardized death rates (ASDRs) for all cancers combined decreased within that timeframe in 140 of 195 countries or territories. Countries with an increase in the ASDR due to all cancers were largely located on the African continent. Of all cancers, deaths between 2005 and 2015 decreased significantly for Hodgkin lymphoma (-6.1% [95% uncertainty interval (UI), -10.6% to -1.3%]). The number of deaths also decreased for esophageal cancer, stomach cancer, and chronic myeloid leukemia, although these results were not statistically significant., Conclusion and Relevance: As part of the epidemiological transition, cancer incidence is expected to increase in the future, further straining limited health care resources. Appropriate allocation of resources for cancer prevention, early diagnosis, and curative and palliative care requires detailed knowledge of the local burden of cancer. The GBD 2015 study results demonstrate that progress is possible in the war against cancer. However, the major findings also highlight an unmet need for cancer prevention efforts, including tobacco control, vaccination, and the promotion of physical activity and a healthy diet.
Published: 2017
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21 results on '"Sandar, Logan"'

1. The global burden of tuberculosis: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015

2. Healthcare Access and Quality Index based on mortality from causes amenable to personal health care in 195 countries and territories, 1990–2015: a novel analysis from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015

3. Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015

4. Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 310 diseases and injuries, 1990–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015

5. Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 79 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks, 1990–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015

6. Global, regional, and national disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 315 diseases and injuries and healthy life expectancy (HALE), 1990–2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015

7. Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 79 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks in 188 countries, 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013

8. Global, regional, and national disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for 306 diseases and injuries and healthy life expectancy (HALE) for 188 countries, 1990–2013: quantifying the epidemiological transition

9. Global, regional, and national incidence, prevalence, and years lived with disability for 301 acute and chronic diseases and injuries in 188 countries, 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013

10. Global, regional, and national levels of neonatal, infant, and under-5 mortality during 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013

11. The global burden of tuberculosis: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015

12. The global burden of tuberculosis: results from the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015'

13. Global, regional, and national disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 315 diseases and injuries and healthy life expectancy (HALE), 1990-2015 : a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015

14. Global, regional, and national disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 315 diseases and injuries and healthy life expectancy (HALE), 1990-2015:a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015

15. Global, Regional, and National Cancer Incidence, Mortality, Years of Life Lost, Years Lived With Disability, and Disability-Adjusted Life-years for 32 Cancer Groups, 1990 to 2015

16. Global, regional, and national levels of neonatal, infant, and under-5 mortality during 1990–2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013

17. Global, regional, and national levels of neonatal, infant, and under-5 mortality during 1990-2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013.

18. Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 79 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks in 188 countries, 1990-2013

19. Global, regional, and national disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) for 306 diseases and injuries and healthy life expectancy (HALE) for 188 countries, 1990-2013

20. Global, regional, and national life expectancy, all-cause mortality, and cause-specific mortality for 249 causes of death, 1980-2015: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015

21. Global, Regional, and National Cancer Incidence, Mortality, Years of Life Lost, Years Lived With Disability, and Disability-Adjusted Life-years for 32 Cancer Groups, 1990 to 2015: A Systematic Analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study.

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