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2. Mechanical thrombectomy in patients with heart failure: the Italian registry of Endovascular Treatment in Acute Stroke

Author

Gentile, Luana, Pracucci, Giovanni, Saia, Valentina, Falcou, Anne, Biraschi, Francesco, Zini, Andrea, Simonetti, Luigi, Riva, Letizia, Bigliardi, Guido, Vallone, Stefano, Nencini, Patrizia, Limbucci, Nicola, Diomedi, Marina, Da Ros, Valerio, Longoni, Marco, Ruggiero, Maria, Tassinari, Tiziana, Allegretti, Luca, Cerrato, Paolo, Rubino, Elisa, Bergui, Mauro, Cavallo, Roberto, Naldi, Andrea, Comelli, Chiara, Cappellari, Manuel, Zivelonghi, Cecilia, Plebani, Mauro, De Vito, Alessandro, Merli, Nicola, Saletti, Andrea, Musolino, Rosa Fortunata, Ferraù, Ludovica, Vinci, Sergio Lucio, Sacco, Simona, Orlandi, Berardino, De Santis, Federica, Filauri, Pietro, Ruiz, Luigi, Sepe, Federica Nicoletta, Gallesio, Ivan, Petruzzellis, Marco, Chiumarulo, Luigi, Sangalli, Davide, Salmaggi, Andrea, Filizzolo, Marco, Moller, Jessica, Melis, Maurizio, Comelli, Simone, Magoni, Mauro, Gilberti, Nicola, Gasparotti, Roberto, Invernizzi, Paolo, Pavia, Marco, Pinto, Vincenza, Laspada, Salvatore, Marcheselli, Simona, Ajello, Daniele, Viaro, Federica, Baracchini, Claudio, Causin, Francesco, Giannini, Nicola, Caselli, Maria Chiara, Mancuso, Michelangelo, Cosottini, Mirco, Scoditti, Umberto, Menozzi, Roberto, Russo, Monia, Amistá, Pietro, Napoletano, Rosa, Romano, Daniele Giuseppe, Tassi, Rossana, Bracco, Sandra, Carimati, Federico, Versino, Maurizio, Giorgianni, Andrea, De Boni, Antonella, Fasano, Antonio, Barbarini, Leonardo, Paladini, Adriana, Franchini, Enrica, Dall’Ora, Elisa, Comai, Alessio, Giovanni, Frisullo, Pedicelli, Alessandro, Sallustio, Fabrizio, Casetta, Ilaria, Fainardi, Enrico, Mangiafico, Salvatore, and Toni, Danilo

Published
2023
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3. Models of care in emergency neurology: from the Neuro Fast Track to the emergency neurologist—a position paper of the Italian Association for Emergency Neurology (ANEU)

Author

Micieli, Giuseppe, Cortelli, Pietro, Del Sette, Massimo, Quatrale, Rocco, Cavallini, Anna, Zedde, Maria Luisa, Zanferrari, Carla, de Falco, Arturo, Guarino, Maria, Cossu, Giovanni, Haggiag, Shalom, Pezzella, Francesca Romana, Porreca, Alessandro, Pistoia, Francesca, Andreone, Vincenzo, Giometto, Bruno, Gasperini, Claudio, Giorli, Elisa, Salmaggi, Andrea, Lattanzi, Simona, Labate, Carmelo Roberto, Rinaldi, Giuseppe, Melis, Maurizio, Caggia, Emanuele, Volpi, Gino, Passadore, Paolo, Corea, Francesco, and Franco, Giovanni Maria

Published
2023
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9. Clinicopathological and molecular landscape of 5-year IDH-wild-type glioblastoma survivors: A multicentric retrospective study

Author

Miele, Evelina, Anghileri, Elena, Calatozzolo, Chiara, Lazzarini, Elisabetta, Patrizi, Sara, Ciolfi, Andrea, Pedace, Lucia, Patanè, Monica, Abballe, Luana, Paterra, Rosina, Maddaloni, Luisa, Barresi, Sabina, Mastronuzzi, Angela, Petruzzi, Alessandra, Tramacere, Irene, Farinotti, Mariangela, Gurrieri, Lorena, Pirola, Elena, Scarpelli, Mauro, Lombardi, Giuseppe, Villani, Veronica, Simonelli, Matteo, Merli, Rossella, Salmaggi, Andrea, Tartaglia, Marco, Silvani, Antonio, DiMeco, Francesco, Calistri, Daniele, Lamperti, Elena, Locatelli, Franco, Indraccolo, Stefano, and Pollo, Bianca

Published
2024
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10. COVID-19-associated Guillain-Barré syndrome in the early pandemic experience in Lombardia (Italy)

Author

Martinelli-Boneschi, Filippo, Colombo, Antonio, Bresolin, Nereo, Sessa, Maria, Bassi, Pietro, Grampa, Giampiero, Magni, Eugenio, Versino, Maurizio, Ferrarese, Carlo, Zarcone, Davide, Albanese, Alberto, Micieli, Giuseppe, Zanferrari, Carla, Cagnana, Antonio, Ferrante, Claudio, Zilioli, Angelo, Locatelli, Davide, Calloni, Maria Vittoria, Delodovici, Maria Luisa, Pozzato, Mattia, Patisso, Valerio, Bortolan, Francesco, Foresti, Camillo, Frigeni, Barbara, Canella, Stefania, Xhani, Rubjona, Crabbio, Massimo, Clemenzi, Alessandro, Mauri, Marco, Beretta, Simone, La Spina, Isidoro, Bernasconi, Simona, De Santis, Tiziana, Cavallini, Anna, Ranieri, Michela, D’Adda, Elisabetta, Fruguglietti, Maria Elisa, Peverelli, Lorenzo, Agosti, Edoardo, Leoni, Olivia, Rigamonti, Andrea, and Salmaggi, Andrea

Published
2023
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11. Sex differences in ischemic stroke during COVID-19 first outbreak in northern Italy

Author

Sangalli, Davide, Versino, Maurizio, Colombo, Irene, Ciccone, Alfonso, Beretta, Simone, Marcheselli, Simona, Roncoroni, Mauro, Beretta, Sandro, Lorusso, Lorenzo, Cavallini, Anna, Prelle, Alessandro, Guidetti, Donata, La Gioia, Sara, Canella, Stefania, Zanferrari, Carla, Grampa, Giampiero, d'Adda, Elisabetta, Peverelli, Lorenzo, Colombo, Antonio, Martinelli-Boneschi, Filippo, and Salmaggi, Andrea

Published
2023
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12. Spontaneous intracerebral haemorrhage associated with early-onset cerebral amyloid angiopathy and Alzheimer’s disease neuropathological changes five decades after cadaveric dura mater graft

Author

Riccardo Milani, Lucio Aniello Mazzeo, Daniela Vismara, Ilaria Salemi, Emanuele Dainese, Emanuela Maderna, Elisa Pellencin, Marcella Catania, Nicole Campanella, Giuseppe Di Fede, Giorgio Giaccone, and Andrea Salmaggi

Subjects
Cerebral amyloid angiopathy, Alzheimer’s disease, Iatrogenic, Neurosurgery, Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system, RC346-429
Abstract

Abstract Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is a small vessel disease, causing spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) in the elderly. It is strongly associated with Alzheimer disease (AD), as most CAA patients show deposition of Aβ—i.e. the basic component of parenchymal Alzheimer amyloid deposits—in the cerebral vessels. Iatrogenic early-onset CAA has been recently identified in patients with a history of traumatic brain injury or other cerebral as well as extra-cerebral lesions that led to neurosurgery or other medical procedures as intravascular embolization by cadaveric dura mater extracts many years before the first ICH event. In those patients, a transmission of Aβ seeds from neurosurgical instruments or from cadaveric dura mater exposure was suggested. We report a 51-year-old woman with unremarkable family history who presented abruptly with aphasia and right hemiparesis. A cerebral left lobar haemorrhagic stroke was documented by neuroimaging. Accurate anamnesis revealed a neurosurgical procedure with cadaveric dura mater graft at the age of 2 years for an arachnoid cyst. The neuropathological examination of the cerebral parietal biopsy showed severe amyloid angiopathy in many leptomeningeal and cortical vessels, as well as abundant parenchymal Aβ deposits, neurofibrillary tangles and neuropil threads. The mechanism involved in the human-to-human transmission of the Aβ proteinopathy remains to be clarified. In our patient the cadaver derived dura used for grafting is a very strong candidate as the source of the transmission. A systematic monitoring of individuals who have had neurosurgical procedures in early life, especially those involving cadaveric dural grafts, is required to determine the ratio of those affected by CAA many years later and unaffected. Moreover, our report confirms that in addition to vascular and parenchymal Aβ pathology, neurofibrillary changes indistinguishable from AD may develop in specific conditions with long latency period from the neurosurgical or embolization procedure.

Published
2023
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16. Integrative Health Wellness Hour Benefits Rehabilitation Patients and Staff

Author

Resnicoff, Marci, Brown-Deveaux, Dewi, Salmaggi, Darah, and Gabbe, Laura

Subjects
Health care teams -- Methods, Rehabilitation -- Methods -- Quality management, Continuum of care -- Methods, Patient education -- Usage, Health
Abstract

Acute-rehabilitation patients newly diagnosed with debilitating injuries or diseases are often overwhelmed adjusting to accompanying life changes. This quality improvement pilot taught patients mindfulness techniques that enabled them to thrive past discharge, and used a train-the-trainer model for staff sustainability., Debilitating conditions, such as stroke, traumatic brain injury (TBI), degenerative diseases, and some orthopedic conditions, may cause permanent physiological insult even with treatment. Patients also suffer psychosocial loss throughout the [...]

Published
2023

19. Correction to: COVID‑19‑associated Guillain‑Barré syndrome in the early pandemic experience in Lombardia (Italy)

Author

Martinelli‑Boneschi, Filippo, Colombo, Antonio, Bresolin, Nereo, Sessa, Maria, Bassi, Pietro, Grampa, Giampiero, Magni, Eugenio, Versino, Maurizio, Ferrarese, Carlo, Zarcone, Davide, Albanese, Alberto, Micieli, Giuseppe, Zanferrari, Carla, Cagnana, Antonio, Ferrante, Claudio, Zilioli, Angelo, Locatelli, Davide, Calloni, Maria Vittoria, Delodovici, Maria Luisa, Pozzato, Mattia, Patisso, Valerio, Bortolan, Francesco, Foresti, Camillo, Frigeni, Barbara, Canella, Stefania, Xhani, Rubjona, Crabbio, Massimo, Clemenzi, Alessandro, Mauri, Marco, Beretta, Simone, La Spina, Isidoro, Bernasconi, Simona, De Santis, Tiziana, Cavallini, Anna, Ranieri, Michela, D’Adda, Elisabetta, Fruguglietti, Maria Elisa, Peverelli, Lorenzo, Agosti, Edoardo, Leoni, Olivia, Rigamonti, Andrea, and Salmaggi, Andrea

Published
2023
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20. SARS-CoV-2 infection and acute ischemic stroke in Lombardy, Italy

Author

Pezzini, Alessandro, Grassi, Mario, Silvestrelli, Giorgio, Locatelli, Martina, Rifino, Nicola, Beretta, Simone, Gamba, Massimo, Raimondi, Elisa, Giussani, Giuditta, Carimati, Federico, Sangalli, Davide, Corato, Manuel, Gerevini, Simonetta, Masciocchi, Stefano, Cortinovis, Matteo, La Gioia, Sara, Barbieri, Francesca, Mazzoleni, Valentina, Pezzini, Debora, Bonacina, Sonia, Pilotto, Andrea, Benussi, Alberto, Magoni, Mauro, Premi, Enrico, Prelle, Alessandro Cesare, Agostoni, Elio Clemente, Palluzzi, Fernando, De Giuli, Valeria, Magherini, Anna, Roccatagliata, Daria Valeria, Vinciguerra, Luisa, Puglisi, Valentina, Fusi, Laura, Diamanti, Susanna, Santangelo, Francesco, Xhani, Rubjona, Pozzi, Federico, Grampa, Giampiero, Versino, Maurizio, Salmaggi, Andrea, Marcheselli, Simona, Cavallini, Anna, Giossi, Alessia, Censori, Bruno, Ferrarese, Carlo, Ciccone, Alfonso, Sessa, Maria, and Padovani, Alessandro

Published
2022
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21. Brain tumours in the time of COVID-19: An online survey on patients’ disease experience in one Italian region

Author

Giorgia Abete-Fornara, Francesca Mameli, Fabiana Ruggiero, Jennifer Meessen, Adriana Blanda, Antonella Ampollini, Marco Locatelli, Andrea Salmaggi, Andrea Di Cristofori, Ilaria Mauri, and Manuela Caroli

Subjects
brain tumour, survey, psychological impact, pandemic, COVID-19, neuro-oncology, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract

BackgroundSince the outbreak, in 2019, of COVID-19, the world has experienced marked changes in daily habits, partly reflecting the exceptional social restrictions and health measures adopted to contain the disease. All these measures significantly affected not only peoples’s daily lives and psychological well-being but also the possibility for the healthcare system to function properly. In this setting, brain tumour patients were at risk due to their higher physical and mental fragility and their need for regular care. The aim of the present study was to assess, using a self-reported online questionnaire, the patients’s perceptions regarding their disease experience.Materials and methodsWe developed an online anonymous self-report survey to assess patients’s disease experience during the pandemic. We investigated the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on patients’s cancer care schedules, their psychological distress and emotions felt during the pandemic, their levels of worry about COVID-19, and their oncological conditions.Results107 patients answered our survey, most of them suffering from a glioma. Less than one-third of the sample had their appointments cancelled, delayed or converted into online visits due to the pandemic. Of the patients who answered the survey, 95% declared they were satisfied with their Institute’s oncological management. The feelings reported most often were peacefulness or anxiety/worry; the majority of the sample reported high levels of loneliness, which tended to increase with age, whilst the psychological distress was correlated with age and with having a recurrence of the disease. Half of the sample declared severe worry about their oncological condition, in particular subjects with a recurrence or who were receiving adjuvant therapies. Patients with recurrence tended to worry more about the possibility of contracting COVID-19, and its effects.ConclusionOur findings illustrate how fragile and in need of care patients with a brain tumour may be, especially those with more severe clinical conditions. These data may help boost healthcare professionals’s knowledge about brain tumour patients’s needs and fears, so as to be able to offer them a better hospital experience and improve their clinical management, while possibly also reducing the psychological burden on patients and their families.

Published
2023
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23. Is It Worth Considering Multicentric High-Grade Glioma a Surgical Disease? Analysis of Our Clinical Experience and Literature Review

Author

Francesco Guerrini, Lucio Aniello Mazzeo, Giorgio Rossi, Mariarosaria Verlotta, Mattia Del Maestro, Angela Dele Rampini, Alessandro Pesce, Marco Viganò, Sabino Luzzi, Renato Juan Galzio, Andrea Salmaggi, and Giannantonio Spena

Subjects
glioblastoma, MRI, multifocal, brain, tumor, Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics, R858-859.7
Abstract

Introduction. The simultaneous presence of multiple foci of high-grade glioma is a rare condition with a poor prognosis. By definition, if an anatomical connection through white matter bundles cannot be hypothesized, multiple lesions are defined as multicentric glioma (MC); on the other hand, when this connection exists, it is better defined as multifocal glioma (MF). Whether surgery can be advantageous for these patients has not been established yet. The aim of our study was to critically review our experience and to compare it to the existing literature. Materials and Methods. Retrospective analysis of patients operated on for MC HGG in two Italian institutions was performed. Distinction between MC and MF was achieved through revision of MR FLAIR images. Clinical and radiological preoperative and postoperative data were analyzed through chart revision and phone interviews. The same data were extracted from literature review. Univariate and multivariate analyses were conducted for the literature review only, and the null hypothesis was rejected for a p-value ≥ 0.05. Results. Sixteen patients met the inclusion criteria; male predominance and an average age of 66.5 years were detected. Sensory/motor deficit was the main onset symptom both in clinical study and literature review. A tendency to operate on the largest symptomatic lesion was reported and GTR was reached in the majority of cases. GBM was the histological diagnosis in most part of the patients. OS was 8.7 months in our series compared to 7.5 months from the literature review. Age ≤ 70 years, a postoperative KPS ≥ 70, a GTR/STR, a second surgery and adjuvant treatment were shown to be significantly associated with a better prognosis. Pathological examination revealed that MC HGG did not originate by LGG. Conclusions. MC gliomas are rare conditions with high malignancy and a poor prognosis. A maximal safe resection should be attempted whenever possible, especially in younger patients with life-threatening large mass.

Published
2021
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24. The Role of Adhesion Molecules and Extracellular Vesicles in an In Vitro Model of the Blood–Brain Barrier for Metastatic Disease

Author

Chiara Vasco, Ambra Rizzo, Chiara Cordiglieri, Elena Corsini, Emanuela Maderna, Emilio Ciusani, and Andrea Salmaggi

Subjects
brain metastasis, brain metastasis molecular markers, Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, RC254-282
Abstract

Metastatic brain disease (MBD) has seen major advances in clinical management, focal radiation therapy approaches and knowledge of biological factors leading to improved prognosis. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been found to play a role in tumor cross-talk with the target organ, contributing to the formation of a premetastatic niche. Human lung and breast cancer cell lines were characterized for adhesion molecule expression and used to evaluate their migration ability in an in vitro model. Conditioned culture media and isolated EVs, characterized by super resolution and electron microscopy, were tested to evaluate their pro-apoptotic properties on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and human cerebral microvascular endothelial cells (HCMEC/D3) by annexin V binding assay. Our data showed a direct correlation between expression of ICAM1, ICAM2, β3-integrin and α2-integrin and the ability to firmly adhere to the blood–brain barrier (BBB) model, whereas the same molecules were down-regulated at a later step. Extracellular vesicles released by tumor cell lines were shown to be able to induce apoptosis in HUVEC while brain endothelial cells showed to be more resistant.

Published
2023
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25. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome and COVID-19: A series of 6 cases from Lombardy, Italy

Author

Colombo, Antonio, Martinelli Boneschi, Filippo, Beretta, Sandro, Bresolin, Nereo, Versino, Maurizio, Lorusso, Lorenzo, Spagnoli, Diego, Nastasi, Giulia, Vallauri, Davide, Rota, Stefania, Repaci, Maria, Ferrarini, Massimo, Pozzato, Mattia, Princiotta Cariddi, Lucia, Tabaee Damavandi, Payam, Carimati, Federico, Banfi, Paola, Clemenzi, Alessandro, Marelli, Margherita, Giorgianni, Andrea, Vinacci, Gabriele, Mauri, Marco, Melzi, Paola, Di Stefano, Maria, Tetto, Antonio, Canesi, Margherita, and Salmaggi, Andrea

Published
2021
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26. The management of epilepsy in clinical practice: Do the timing and severity of the disease influence the priorities of patients and the caring physicians? Data from the EPINEEDS study

Author

Pulitano, Patrizia, Cagnetti, Claudia, Baldinelli, Sara, La Neve, Angela, Tappatà, Maria, Francavilla, Teresa, De Maria, Giovanni, Sofia, Vito, Giuliano, Loretta, Mainieri, Greta, Fatuzzo, Daniela, Belcastro, Vincenzo, Elia, Maurizio, D'Orsi, Giuseppe, Lalla, Alessandra, Salmaggi, Andrea, Brigo, Francesco, Magaudda, Adriana, Pisani, Francesco, Galletta, Santi, Pisani, Laura R., Raffaele, Massimo, Cosenza, Domenico, Villani, Flavio S., Quintas, Rui M.M., Cervellione, Rosa, Borroni, Simona, Meletti, Stefano, Ferrarese, Carlo, Barbella, Giuseppina, Di Francesco, Jacopo, Bogliun, Graziella, Beretta, Simone, Galimberti, Carlo A., Cantisani, Teresa A., Cecconi, Michela, Celani, Maria G., Papetti, Rossella, Giorgi, Filippo S., Aguglia, Umberto, Gasparini, Sara, Ferlazzo, Edoardo, Manganotti, Paolo, Crichiutti, Giovanni, Bravar, Giulia, Enia, Gabriele, Giussani, Giorgia, Bianchi, Elisa, Mecarelli, Oriano, and Beghi, Ettore

Published
2021
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29. Medulloblastoma of the adult: results from a multicenter retrospective study by AINO (Italian Association of Neuro-Oncology) and SIN (Italian Society of Neurology)

Author

Gaviani, Paola, Simonetti, Giorgia, Rudà, Roberta, Franchino, Federica, Lombardi, Giuseppe, Possanzini, Marco, Squintu, Sara, Villani, Veronica, Teriaca, Mariaausilia, Cavallieri, Francesco, Caffo, Maria, Salmaggi, Andrea, Bianco, Andrea, Anghileri, Elena, Farinotti, Mariangela, Tramacere, Irene, and Silvani, Antonio

Published
2021
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39. Iatrogenic cerebral amyloid angiopathy: A multinational case series and individual patient data analysis of the literature.

Author

Pikija, Slaven, Pretnar-Oblak, Janja, Frol, Senta, Malojcic, Branko, Gattringer, Thomas, Rak-Frattner, Kinga, Staykov, Dimitre, Salmaggi, Andrea, Milani, Riccardo, Magdic, Jozef, Iglseder, Sarah, Trinka, Eugen, Kraus, Theo, Toma, Andreea, DiFrancesco, Jacopo C., Tabaee Damavandi, Payam, Fabin, Natalia, Bersano, Anna, de la Riva Juez, Patricia, and Albajar Gomez, Ines

Subjects
CEREBRAL amyloid angiopathy, PRION diseases, DATA analysis, INTRACRANIAL hemorrhage, IATROGENIC diseases, BRAIN surgery
Abstract

Background: The transmission of amyloid β (Aβ) in humans leading to iatrogenic cerebral amyloid angiopathy (iCAA) is a novel concept with analogies to prion diseases. However, the number of published cases is low, and larger international studies are missing. Aims: We aimed to build a large multinational collaboration on iCAA to better understand the clinical spectrum of affected patients. Methods: We collected clinical data on patients with iCAA from Austria, Croatia, Italy, Slovenia, and Spain. Patients were included if they met the proposed Queen Square diagnostic criteria (QSC) for iCAA. In addition, we pooled data on disease onset, latency, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarkers from previously published iCAA cases based on a systematic literature review. Results: Twenty-seven patients (22% women) were included in this study. Of these, 19 (70%) met the criteria for probable and 8 (30%) for possible iCAA. Prior neurosurgical procedures were performed in all patients (93% brain surgery, 7% spinal surgery) at median age of 8 (interquartile range (IQR) = 4–18, range = 0–26 years) years. The median symptom latency was 39 years (IQR = 34–41, range = 28–49). The median age at symptom onset was 49 years (IQR = 43–55, range = 32–70). Twenty-one patients (78%) presented with intracranial hemorrhage and 3 (11%) with seizures. Conclusions: Our large international case series of patients with iCAA confirms a wide age boundary for the diagnosis of iCAA. Dissemination of awareness of this rare condition will help to identify more affected patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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40. Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome and COVID-19: A series of 6 cases from Lombardy, Italy

Author

Antonio Colombo, Filippo Martinelli Boneschi, Sandro Beretta, Nereo Bresolin, Maurizio Versino, Lorenzo Lorusso, Diego Spagnoli, Giulia Nastasi, Davide Vallauri, Stefania Rota, Maria Repaci, Massimo Ferrarini, Mattia Pozzato, Lucia Princiotta Cariddi, Payam Tabaee Damavandi, Federico Carimati, Paola Banfi, Alessandro Clemenzi, Margherita Marelli, Andrea Giorgianni, Gabriele Vinacci, Marco Mauri, Paola Melzi, Maria Di Stefano, Antonio Tetto, Margherita Canesi, and Andrea Salmaggi

Subjects
COVID-19, PRES, Seizures, Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system, RC346-429
Abstract

Posterior reversible encephalopathy cases are increasingly being reported in patients affected by COVID-19, but the largest series so far only includes 4 patients. We present a series of 6 patients diagnosed with PRES during COVID-19 hospitalized in 5 Centers in Lombardia, Italy. 5 out of the 6 patients required intensive care assistence and seizures developed at weaning from assisted ventilation. 3 out of 6 patients underwent cerebrospinal fluid analysis which was normal in all cases, with negative PCR for Sars-CoV-2 genome search. PRES occurrence may be less rare than supposed in COVID-19 patients and a high suspicion index is warranted for prompt diagnosis and treatment.

Published
2021
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48. The Role of Adhesion Molecules and Extracellular Vesicles in an In Vitro Model of the Blood–Brain Barrier for Metastatic Disease

Author

Salmaggi, Chiara Vasco, Ambra Rizzo, Chiara Cordiglieri, Elena Corsini, Emanuela Maderna, Emilio Ciusani, and Andrea

Subjects
brain metastasis, brain metastasis molecular markers
Abstract

Metastatic brain disease (MBD) has seen major advances in clinical management, focal radiation therapy approaches and knowledge of biological factors leading to improved prognosis. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been found to play a role in tumor cross-talk with the target organ, contributing to the formation of a premetastatic niche. Human lung and breast cancer cell lines were characterized for adhesion molecule expression and used to evaluate their migration ability in an in vitro model. Conditioned culture media and isolated EVs, characterized by super resolution and electron microscopy, were tested to evaluate their pro-apoptotic properties on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) and human cerebral microvascular endothelial cells (HCMEC/D3) by annexin V binding assay. Our data showed a direct correlation between expression of ICAM1, ICAM2, β3-integrin and α2-integrin and the ability to firmly adhere to the blood–brain barrier (BBB) model, whereas the same molecules were down-regulated at a later step. Extracellular vesicles released by tumor cell lines were shown to be able to induce apoptosis in HUVEC while brain endothelial cells showed to be more resistant.

Published
2023
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50. Synergistic Effect of Perampanel and Temozolomide in Human Glioma Cell Lines

Author

Andrea Salmaggi, Cristina Corno, Marta Maschio, Sara Donzelli, Annachiara D’Urso, Paola Perego, and Emilio Ciusani

Subjects
glioblastoma, perampanel, AMPA receptors, glutamate, Medicine
Abstract

Glioblastoma is characterized by a high proliferative rate and drug resistance. The standard of care includes maximal safe surgery, followed by radiotherapy and temozolomide chemotherapy. The expression of glutamate receptors has been previously reported in human glioma cell lines. The aim of this study was to examine the cellular effects of perampanel, a broad-spectrum antiepileptic drug acting as an α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor (AMPA) glutamate receptor antagonist, alone or in combination with temozolomide. Four human glioma cell lines were exposed to different concentrations of perampanel and temozolomide, alone or in combination. The type of drug interaction was assessed using the Chou-Talalay method. Apoptosis, cell cycle perturbation, and glutamate receptors (GluRs) subunit expression were assessed by flow cytometry. Perampanel significantly inhibited the growth, inducing high levels of apoptosis. A strong synergistic effect of the combination of perampanel with temozolomide was detected in U87 and A172, but not in U138. Treatment with perampanel resulted in an increased GluR2/3 subunit expression in U87 and U138. Perampanel displays a pro-apoptotic effect on human glioblastoma cell lines when used alone, possibly due to increased GluR2/3 expression. The observed synergistic effect of the combination of temozolomide with perampanel suggests further investigation on the impact of this combination on oncologic outcomes in glioblastoma.

Published
2021
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