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This study was conducted with an aim to determine the most used skincare brand of the young adults; the level of TikTok influencer's attributes in terms of attractiveness, interactivity, creativity, and confidence; the quality of electronic word-of-mouth; and their customer trust. Likewise, the relationship between the said variables were also assessed. A total of 384 young adults in Binan City, Laguna participated in the study employing a descriptivecorrelational research design. The study utilized proportionate, purposive, and snowball sampling techniques in gathering information. The researchers used a modified survey questionnaire with consent form to gather data. Frequency count and percentage, weighted mean and standard deviation, and chi-square test were used to interpret the data. The study noted that the most used skincare brand by the participants is Brilliant Skin Essential and the least preferred is Herskin. On one hand, the findings revealed that the level of TikTok influencer's attributes in terms of attractiveness is very attractive, interactivity as very interactive, creativity as very creative, and confidence as very confident. On the other hand, the quality of electronic word-of-mouth is excellent, while the level of customer trust is very high. Further, the results showed that the TikTok influencer's attributes in terms of attractiveness, interactivity, creativity, and confidence have significant associations with customer trust. Electronic word-of-mouth was also found significantly associated with customer trust. Thus, the influencer's attributes and electronic word-of-mouth were considered as factors in shaping customer trust. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The skin of newborns is classified as sensitive, with a higher risk of skin barrier disruption and irritation of a diapered area. Despite dermatologist recommendations to use only water and a cloth for cleaning, most of the population still relies on the comforts of modern parenting, which includes intensive daily usage of baby wet wipes. Novel baby formulations are designed following the concept of infant skin health, containing a gentle cleanser, suitable emollient, and buffer system enabling a slightly acidic pH value and they are free of ethyl alcohol. Thus, it is important to understand the chemical background of such a complex liquid formulation, with emphasis on its safety. In line with this, the present paper discusses the scientific background of various chemical compounds found in baby wipe formulations to improve the understanding of wet wipe designs and direct them toward more skin‐friendly solutions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Pressure injuries (PIs) impose a significant burden on patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) and the healthcare system. Assessing the risk of developing PIs is crucial for prevention. However, it is unclear whether all subscales of the Waterlow scale can be used to assess PIs risk in ICU. Objectives: To assess whether all subscales of the Waterlow scale can predict PIs risk in ICU. Design: Multicentre prospective study. Methods: A total of 18,503 patients from ICUs in 40 tertiary‐level hospitals in Gansu province of China were enrolled from April 2021 to August 2023. The incidence and characteristics of PIs were recorded. Univariate Cox regression analyses were performed for each subscale as a predictor of PIs development, followed by multivariate Cox regression with covariates for each subscale separately. Results: Out of 17,720 patients included, the incidence of PIs was 1.1%. Multivariate analysis revealed skin type (HR: 1.468, 95% CI: 1.229, 1.758), sex (HR: 0.655, 95% CI: 0.472, 0.908), advanced age (HR: 1.263, 95% CI: 1.106, 1.442), continence (HR: 1.245, 95% CI: 1.052, 1.473), tissue malnutrition (HR: 1.070, 95% CI: 1.007, 1.136) and neurological deficit (HR: 1.153, 95% CI: 1.062, 1.251) were independently predictive of PIs development for all participants. Skin type (HR: 2.326, 95% CI: 1.153, 3.010) (HR: 2.217, 95% CI: 1.804, 2.573) independently predicted PIs occurrence for high‐risk and very high‐risk group, respectively, while sex (HR: 0.634, 95% CI: 0.431, 0.931) and age (HR: 1.269, 95% CI: 1.083, 1.487) predicted PIs development for very high‐risk group. Conclusions: This study found that not all subscales of the Waterlow scale are associated with the PIs development in patients in ICU, highlighting the importance of the skin type subscale in predicting PI risk across all patient groups. Implications for Clinical Practice: Nurses need to focus on patient's skin and related (moisture, pain and pressure) conditions and take measures to promote skin health and avoid the occurrence of PI. Patient or Public Contribution: None. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: To systematically search, evaluate and synthesise the most robust evidence regarding pressure injury prevention in orthopaedic patients admitted to general wards. Design: The present study provides an evidence‐based summary of the most robust findings, adhering to the evidence guidelines established by the Center for Evidence‐Based Nursing of Fudan University. Method: According to the "6S" model, a systematic search was conducted for literature on pressure injury prevention among orthopaedic patients in general wards. The types of literature included guidelines, clinical decisions, expert Consensus, evidence summaries, etc. The search period covered the time from the beginning of the database up to December 2023. Data Source s : The following databases and resources were systematically searched: Up To Date, JBI, NICE, WOCN, NZWCS, etc. Results: Fifteen literature sources were included, comprising one clinical decision, eight guidelines, one systematic review, and one expert Consensus. In these sources, a comprehensive collection of 34 pieces of best evidence was formed across six key topics: risk assessment, position management, skin care, device used for device‐related pressure injury, nutritional assessment, and support, as well as health education and training. Among the evidence gathered, a strong recommendation was made for 18 pieces, while the remaining 16 received a weak recommendation. Conclusion: This study provides a comprehensive synthesis of the most robust evidence on pressure injury prevention in orthopaedic patients, encompassing 34 pieces of evidence that can serve as valuable references for clinical practice. Before implementing this evidence, it is crucial to evaluate the specific contextual factors within different countries and medical institutions, as well as the facilitators and barriers influencing its application by healthcare professionals and patient's preferences. Furthermore, targeted evidence selection should be conducted through careful screening and subsequent adjustments in implementation, thereby offering a more scientifically grounded basis for clinical nursing practice. Future research endeavours should prioritise investigating strategies for effective evidence utilisation. Implications for the Profession and Patient Care: The prevention of pressure injuries poses a significant challenge for orthopaedic patients. This study presents a synthesis of 34 pieces of best evidence to provide guidance on preventive measures for pressure injuries in orthopaedic patients. Adhering to and implementing these 34 pieces of evidence can effectively aid in preventing pressure injuries in clinical practice. This evidence encompasses risk assessment, position management, skin care, device usage for device‐related pressure injuries, nutritional support and evaluation, and health education and training, establishing a comprehensive and systematic implementation process. Assessing the risk of pressure injuries during interventions serves as an essential prerequisite for developing effective strategies to prevent such injuries among orthopaedic patients. Ultimately, this study will offer valuable guidance to healthcare professionals worldwide regarding preventing pressure injuries in orthopaedic patients. Impact: Upon admission to the hospital, it is essential to conduct a risk assessment and implement evidence‐based, individualised prevention measures for pressure ulcers in patients to prevent their occurrence. This study will provide valuable insights into preventing pressure injuries in orthopaedic patients admitted to orthopaedic wards for healthcare workers worldwide. State: The PRIMA manifest is utilised during the text preparation process. Trail Registration: ES20245365 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In dry skin (DS), skin-barrier function is easily disturbed and moisturizing factors in the stratum corneum are reduced. Despite being a common condition, DS is often overlooked in patients with advanced age or comorbid diseases. In September 2022, specialists in dermatology and skin care met to discuss unmet needs and management of patients with DS with existing medical conditions or DS induced by ongoing pharmacological treatments. There was consensus about the need to improve the current understanding and management of DS in patients with comorbidities, including type 2 diabetes, chronic kidney disease, radiodermatitis, and photodamaged skin. Clinical guidance related to optimal treatment of DS in patients with advanced age or comorbid diseases is needed. Dexpanthenol-containing emollients have been shown to provide rapid relief from the symptoms and clinical signs of skin inflammation and are well-tolerated and effective in terms of moisturizing and soothing DS and maintaining skin-barrier function. Thus, dexpanthenol-containing emollients may play an important role in future management of DS. Further research is needed to elucidate the efficacy of dexpanthenol across the spectrum of DS, irrespective of comorbidity status or age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The skin, being the largest organ in the human body, plays a pivotal role in safeguarding the body against invasive pathogens. Therefore, it is essential to reinforce and protect this vital organ. Current research supports the impact of probiotics on skin health and their ability to alleviate various skin disorders. However, the effectiveness and probable side effects of probiotics in skin care remain a subject of debate, necessitating further investigation and analysis. Hence, this study aims to highlight existing gaps and future needs in the current research on probiotics in skin care and pave the way for future investigations. Therefore, we scrutinized the effects of oral (fermented foods and dietary supplements) and non-oral/topical probiotics on skin care, and the mechanism of probiotics that affect skin health. The results of most studies showed that fermented foods containing probiotics, particularly dairy products, positively impact skin health. The research results regarding the efficacy of probiotic supplements and live strains in treating skin disorders show promising potential. However, safety evaluations are crucial, to identify any potential adverse effects. While research has identified numerous potential mechanisms by which probiotics may influence skin health, a complete understanding of their precise mode of action remains elusive. However, it seems that probiotics can exert their positive effects through the gut-skin and gut-skin-brain axis on the human body. Therefore, following the identification of safe probiotics, additional studies should be carried out to establish optimal dosages, potential side effects, suitable regulatory guidelines, and validation methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Background Aims Methods Results Conclusions Skin barrier health is crucial for preventive and corrective skincare across all skin types. Witch hazel (Hamamelis virginiana) extracts show potential in addressing skin issues, but their efficacy in treating chronic inflammation, improving skin barrier function, and combating UV‐induced oxidation requires further investigation.To evaluate the efficacy of a novel formula containing witch hazel extracts in treating chronic inflammation, improving skin barrier function, and combating UV‐induced oxidation.We employed a novel ex vivo chronic inflammation model to assess anti‐inflammatory effects, measuring key pro‐inflammatory cytokines. Barrier function markers, such as loricrin and transglutaminase‐1, were analyzed. An ex vivo model with UV‐induced Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) elevation was used to evaluate antioxidant properties, measuring specific ROS markers like 4‐Hydroxynonenal and carbonylated protein.The novel witch hazel formula significantly reduced pro‐inflammatory cytokines in both 2D and ex vivo models, including IL‐6 and IL‐8, demonstrating potent anti‐inflammatory effects. Barrier function markers showed notable improvements compared to the inflamed condition. In the UV‐induced ROS model, the formula remarkably decreased ROS levels, specifically 4‐Hydroxynonenal and carbonylated protein, indicating strong antioxidant properties.Our findings demonstrate that the novel witch hazel formula exhibits potent anti‐inflammatory and antioxidant properties while enhancing skin barrier function. This natural, well‐tolerated ingredient offers a promising treatment option for improving overall skin health, presenting new opportunities in skincare formulation and treatment strategies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Importance: A global outbreak of clade IIb Monkeypox virus (MPXV) infections spread rapidly across at least 118 countries resulting in a Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC) from July 2022 to May 2023. This outbreak affected more than 99 000 persons worldwide and caused more than 33 000 infections and 60 deaths in the US. In 2024, there have been approximately 200 new infections per month in the US. On August 14, 2024, the World Health Organization declared mpox a PHEIC for a second time due to a rapid increase in infections with clade I MPXV in Central Africa. Observations: Mpox is primarily acquired through direct skin to skin contact with MPXV. With clade IIb MPXV, infections are most commonly associated with sexual activity among individuals who are gay, bisexual, and other men who have sex with men. After a median incubation period of 7 to 10 days, prodromal symptoms include fever (62%-72%), lymphadenopathy (56%-86%), myalgias (31%-55%), malaise (23%-57%), and headache (25%-55%). Skin lesions progress through 4 well-defined stages (macules, papules, vesicles, and pustules) over 2 to 4 weeks. Clade IIb MPXV is typically a self-limited illness with a low mortality rate (<0.2% in the US); however, severe illness and death may occur in immunocompromised individuals, especially those with advanced HIV (CD4 count <200 cells/μL). Mpox should be suspected in patients with potential exposure to MPXV who have skin lesions, and the diagnosis is confirmed with polymerase chain reaction testing of lesions. Management is supportive and focuses on skin care and symptom relief with analgesics. While no antiviral treatments are currently approved for mpox by the US Food and Drug Administration, several therapeutics, such as tecovirimat, brincidofovir, and vaccinia immune globulin intravenous, are available through expanded access programs or clinical trials. Vaccination with the 2-dose Modified Vaccinia Ankara-Bavarian Nordic vaccine is recommended for high-incidence populations and has an efficacy of 66% to 86%. Conclusions and Relevance: Mpox is a viral infection transmitted primarily through close skin to skin contact that typically causes a self-resolving illness but can result in severe illness and death in immunocompromised individuals. First-line therapy is supportive care, although patients with severe mpox infection may be treated with advanced therapeutics. Mpox vaccination is effective and, if available, should be offered to individuals at risk of exposure to mpox. This review examines the epidemiology, transmission, clinical presentation, assessment and diagnosis, prognosis, management and treatment, and prevention of mpox. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The lips fulfill various critical physiological roles besides being viewed as a fundamental aesthetic feature contributing to the perception of health and beauty. Therefore, any lip injury, abnormality, or congenital malformation, such as cleft lip, needs special attention in order to restore proper lip function and aesthetics. To achieve this goal, a better understanding of the complex lip anatomy, function, and biology is required, which can only be provided by basic research endeavors. However, the current lack of clinically relevant human lip cells and three-dimensional in vitro lip models, capable of replacing ethically questionable animal experimentations, represents a significant limitation in this area of research. Methods: To address these limitations, we aimed to pioneer the introduction of immortalized healthy lip- and cleft lip-derived keratinocytes. Primary keratinocytes were isolated from patients' samples and immortalized by introducing the catalytic domain of telomerase, combined with the targeted knockdown of the cell cycle inhibitor gene, p16 INK4A . We then focused on validating the newly established cell lines by comparing their genetic stability and key phenotypic features with their primary keratinocyte counterparts. Results: The newly established immortalized keratinocyte cell lines demonstrated genetic stability and preserved the main phenotypic characteristics of primary keratinocytes, such as cellular morphology and differentiation capacity. Three-dimensional lip models, generated using these cell lines, proved to be effective and convenient platforms for screening applications, including wound healing and microbial infection of the lip epithelium. Discussion: The establishment of immortalized keratinocytes derived from healthy and cleft lips represents a significant achievement in lip research. These cell lines and the associated three-dimensional lip models are valuable tools that can be used as convenient screening platforms for various assays in a multitude of lip-related research areas, including dermatology, skin care, wound healing, tissue engineering, and craniofacial anomalies. This work opens new avenues in studying lip abnormalities and provides unique tools for personalized medicine approaches beneficial to patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Persuasion research often suggests combining different message formats such as facts, statistics, and narratives in message design to maximize persuasive effects. However, the effect of the combination, especially between fact-based arguments and long-form narratives, varies depending on many factors which have been understudied. Our study therefore tested how argument strength, argument position, and target behavior interacted in impacting behavioral outcomes for such a combined message about skin cancer. Findings from our experiment revealed a significant three-way interaction, as weak arguments were more effective when embedding them in a long-form narrative, whereas strong arguments were more impactful when placing them before the narrative. Such an interaction emerged only when messages recommended sunscreen use but not when recommending skin-self exams. We discussed the implications of the findings for message design about skin cancer prevention and detection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

\nIntroduction: So far, no definitive conclusions have been reached regarding the preventive effect of moisturizers on atopic dermatitis (AD). The variability in results may be due to differences in skin care methods, including bathing and washing, among studies and study design. In hot and humid Japan, bathing and gauze washing have been routinely practiced from the neonatal period, but this may impair the skin barrier function. To address this gap, we determined whether a combination of minimally invasive cleaning methods and moisturizing may prevent AD in infants in Japan. Methods: Mothers of children born between January and September 2019 were instructed in traditional skin care methods (control group; 132 subjects), and mothers of children born between January and September 2020 were instructed in a new skin care method combining less invasive washing and moisturizing (intervention group; 140 subjects). Mothers and babies with and without a history of allergy were recruited, and the incidence of AD at 1 year of age was investigated by questionnaire. Results: Skin care-related behaviors such as face washing, hand washing, and use of moisturizers were more frequent in the intervention group than in the control group. At 6 and 12 months of age, there was no difference in the incidence of AD between the two groups. However, for children born between January and March, the prevalence of AD at 12 months was significantly lower in the intervention group than in the control group (2.9% vs. 21.2%, p = 0.0253). Conclusions: This study suggests that for children born during dry and cold seasons, strengthening the skin barrier function early in life through routine skin care with less invasive washing and moisturizing may prevent AD in Japan. Appropriate skin care practices for newborns and infants may vary in regions and environments. Impaired skin barrier function is one of the main causes of atopic dermatitis (AD). European guidelines recommend reducing the frequency of bathing so as not to impair the skin barrier function. In addition, to date, many studies have attempted to prevent AD by using moisturizers starting in infancy, with conflicting results. The variation in these results may be due to differences in skin care methods such as washing and moisturizing. In Japan, frequent bathing and gauze washing are commonly used from the neonatal period. The purpose of this study was to determine whether a combination of less invasive washing methods and moisturizing could prevent AD in infants. Mothers of infants born between January and September 2019 were instructed in conventional skin care methods (control group; 132 subjects), and mothers of infants born between January and September 2020 were instructed in a new, less invasive skin care regimen combining washing and moisturizing (intervention group; 140 mothers). Mother/infant dyads with and without a history of allergies were recruited and the incidence of AD at 1 year of age was investigated. The prevalence of AD at 12 months was significantly lower in the intervention group than in the control group for infants born between January and March (2.9% vs. 21.2%). This study suggests that for children born during the dry, cold season, strengthening the skin barrier function early in life with less invasive cleaning and moisturizing skin care may prevent AD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective Methods Results Conclusions Existing methods to evaluate skin care products suffer limitations. This is the case for ex vivo skin explants, a first‐choice 3D model. While essential to analyse mid‐ to long‐term biological effects, this classical model hinders assessing microrelief variations. To circumvent these limitations, we developed an ex vivo PERFused EXplant setup (Perfex) that maintains the outer skin surface in the open air, closely mirroring physiological conditions.A custom‐designed reservoir enables perfusing the dermal side of explants with buffered, temperature‐controlled medium, while the epidermis is subjected to “normal” conditions. Skin tension and characteristics of the stratum corneum, microrelief, histology and immunohistology (collagen types I and III, elastin and fibrillin‐1) were analysed and compared to those of explants maintained under conventional conditions or in vivo skin. The effects of skin care formulas intended to induce short‐ and/or mid‐ to long‐term effects were also assessed.Skin explants maintained with the Perfex setup exhibit characteristics (firmness, elasticity, hydration and barrier function) closer to those of in vivo skin than with conventional conditions. Moreover, Perfex‐maintained explants present no alteration in histology after 7 days and slight variation in the expression of key protein markers. Microrelief characteristics also remain mostly stable over 7 days. Formula applications corroborate that skin tensor‐containing products primarily induce short‐term changes in the microrelief, while those with biologically active ingredients mainly lead to mid‐ to long‐term effects on the histology and expression of molecular markers. Furthermore, maintaining skin explants with a physiologically relevant skin surface enabled analysing the relationship between microrelief and key markers, showing that fibrillin‐1 is the protein most correlated with microrelief characteristics.The Perfex setup allows for similar preservation of skin explant histology and key protein expression as the conventional system, yet it maintains a skin surface close to that of in vivo skin. Therefore, it is valuable to analyse both the short‐ and mid‐ to long‐term impacts of skin care formulas and better comprehend their effects. The Perfex system also offers a new tool for investigating fundamental questions, such as the link that can exist between dermal proteins and skin surface properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Lower limb oedema is a common condition in clinical practice, frequently affecting the distal lower limbs. Whereas benign causes such as prolonged sitting or standing are typical, oedema can also indicate serious systemic diseases such as cardiac failure, liver disease, or renal impairment. Identifying the cause is crucial to prevent irreversible skin and tissue changes. This clinical review aims to increase the knowledge of advanced clinical practitioners (ACPs) and generalist practitioners, including practice and community nurses, by providing an overview of how to approach patients with lower limb oedema, encompassing history-taking, examinations, investigations, and management plans. The main focus is on lymphoedema, which can be primary or secondary. Primary lymphoedema results from genetic abnormalities, while secondary lymphoedema arises from acquired defects due to factors such as obesity, infections, neoplasms, and trauma. Effective management includes addressing the underlying cause, ensuring proper skin care, recommending appropriate exercises, and the use of compression garments. Referral to a lymphoedema specialist is recommended for patient education on managing and treating the condition when required. Additionally, the article discusses the importance of regular skin inspections, minor injury management, environmental considerations, and the critical role of compression garments in lymphoedema management. This comprehensive approach aims to enhance patient outcomes and provide a thorough strategy for ACPs and generalist practitioners. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pressure injuries, also known as pressure ulcers or 'bed sores', are caused by prolonged pressure on the skin and underlying tissues and are common in healthcare settings. They result from a variety of factors including pressure, moisture and friction, with a higher risk among older adults, post‑surgical patients and those with limited mobility or long‑term conditions. These injuries can extend hospital stays and significantly impact patient recovery and mortality risk. Prevention includes regular repositioning, the use of pressure‑relieving devices, skin care and nutritional support. The National Institute for Health and Care Excellence provides guidelines to mitigate these risks through systematic risk assessments and targeted interventions. Early detection and specialist care by a multidisciplinary team are crucial to improving patient outcomes. Consistent pplication of prevention strategies are needed to reduce incidence, improve patient care and alleviate the economic burden of thesex injuries on the NHS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Background Aim Patient/Methods Results Conclusion Laser procedures are often used for global improvement in skin quality. The state of the skin is under stress after laser treatment, and it is beneficial to utilize topical agents to assist with optimal healing and cosmetic outcomes. Currently, such post‐laser‐cosmeceutical synergies are being investigated. Skin adaptogens are bioactive ingredients that enhance the skin's resistance and adaptation to stress.Investigate the use of an adaptogenic moisturizing serum (AMS) in synergy with post‐laser treatment recovery.Eight patients underwent long‐pulsed 755‐nm alexandrite or 1064‐nm picosecond laser treatments on the face, targeting photoaging and pigmentation. After the laser treatment, during their healing process, they utilized a novel AMS twice daily to assist with the post‐laser recovery. A blinded expert grader evaluated before and after facial images of each patient using a modified Griffiths photodamage photonumeric scale.The findings revealed that the AMS was well‐tolerated with no reported adverse events, and elicited aesthetically pleasing results. There was a significant decrease in photodamage scores following the treatment (p = 0.0078) with a median reduction of 3.5. Patients had improvement in skin photodamage, pigmentation, and skin radiance in clinic and photography after a combination of laser and AMS serum treatments.Utilizing the adaptogen moisturizing serum skin care regimen after the laser treatments likely assisted in the skin's healing process. As a result, we propose that there is a potential benefit of combining certain laser treatments and an adaptogen‐based skin care regimen for better aesthetic outcomes and skin recuperation post‐procedure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Despite sea lavender being a medicinal species, research on its seeds' biological properties and chemical composition is unexplored. Thus, this study evaluated the effect of different extraction solvents on the biological activities and chemical profile of greenhouse-cultivated sea lavender seeds, aiming at their potential use as a dermo-cosmetic ingredient. Therefore, ethyl acetate, acetone, ethanol, and water extracts were examined for their antioxidant activity, enzyme inhibition, photoprotection, and cytotoxicity, followed by phytochemical analysis through spectrophotometric methods, further detailed by Ultrahigh-Performance Liquid Chromatography Coupled with Electrospray Ionization Mass/Mass Spectrometry (UHPLC-Esi-MS/MS). Results: The water extract demonstrated significant antioxidant activity, evidenced by low half maximal effective concentration (EC50) values in scavenging 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radicals, reducing iron and chelating copper (296, 478, 230 and 678 µg/mL, respectively). The ethanol extract was more effective in inhibiting cosmetic-related enzymes, particularly elastase and hyaluronidase (2.18 and 3.21 µg/mL, respectively). The water and acetone extracts had the highest sun protection factors (23.2 and 18.9, respectively). All the extracts had nil to weak cytotoxicity (70–120% cell viability) towards mammalian cell lines. The water extract had the highest phenolics and condensed tannins (115 and 78.30 mg/g extract, respectively), while the ethanol contained the most flavonoids (62.73 mg/g extract). UHPLC-ESI–MS/MS analysis identified ethyl gallate, myricetin, rutin, and quercetin as major components of the ethanol extract, whereas myricetin-O-rutinoside isomers are predominant in the water extract. Conclusions: These findings highlight the potential of greenhouse-cultivated sea lavender seeds as potential dermo-cosmetic ingredients, with ethanol and water extracts demonstrating superior biological activities and chemical profiles, significantly contributing to general skin health and protection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Background Objectives Methods Results Conclusions Basic skin care education holds the potential to improve clinical outcomes in pediatric atopic dermatitis (AD). However, evidence is lacking on the efficacy of video education for patient guardians in Thailand to reduce AD disease severity.To compare the efficacy of a video education program for guardians of pediatric AD patients versus a control group by assessing the severity score of AD (SCORAD), transepidermal water loss (TEWL), and skin hydration (SH).A single‐blinded, randomized controlled trial was conducted at a tertiary hospital from June 2023 to February 2024, involving AD patients aged < 18 years and their guardians. Both groups received standard treatment, and the educational group received an additional video education program. SCORAD, TEWL, SH, pruritus, sleeplessness, and parental/guardian confidence and knowledge accuracy were assessed at enrollment and a 4‐week follow‐up.Seventy patients (educational:control group, 34:36) with a median age of 3.1 years were enrolled. The groups exhibited no significant demographic or disease severity differences between them. At follow‐up, the educational group showed significant SCORAD improvement compared to the control group (mean difference −10.93 [95% CI −16.92–−4.95]; p < 0.001). SH (mean difference 3.82 [95% CI −2.7–10.33]; p = 0.25) and TEWL (mean difference −1.24 [95% CI −5.72–3.24]; p = 0.58) did not differ significantly.Video education demonstrated efficacy in significantly reducing SCORAD. While there were improvements in SH and TEWL in patients in the education group, these improvements were not statistically significant. Further investigation with a larger sample size is warranted.Trial Registration: Thai Clinical Trials Registry (TCTR): TCTR20230524001 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT In today's beauty‐obsessed culture, children are increasingly targeted by skincare marketing, raising significant ethical concerns. The trend of children adopting skincare routines focused on anti‐aging and skin lightening impacts their mental health and self‐esteem, often imposing unattainable beauty standards. Marketing practices in the digital age frequently violate the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC) Framework for Responsible Marketing Communication. Disparities in skincare marketing particularly affect children in low‐ and middle‐income countries. There is an urgent need for stringent regulations, enhanced media literacy education, and ethical marketing practices to safeguard young consumers and prioritize their well‐being and dignity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: This systematic review explores the use of neurophysiological measurements to study emotional responses to cosmetic products. The aim is to evaluate existing literature on these measurements in cosmetics, identify the main findings, highlight methodological challenges, and propose new guidelines for future research. Method: A systematic search focusing on neurophysiological measures to determine emotions induced by different cosmetic products was carried out in accordance with PRISMA guidelines. Results: A total of 33 articles identified with the EBSCO database met the inclusion criteria. In all, 10 different measurement tools were used in these articles to assess the emotional effects of cosmetic products. Discussion: This review emphasizes the complexity of interactions between cosmetics and emotional responses. It underscores the importance of future research with a more holistic approach that couples several physiological measurements. Among them, electrophysiological brain activity shows potential for enhancing understanding of emotional responses related to cosmetic products. Frontal asymmetry, particularly in the alpha frequency band, was often use and frequently linked to positive emotional states, although conflicting evidence exists. Additionally, cardiac activity, specifically the LF/HF ratio, emerges as a promising marker for differentiating between different cosmetic products. However, methodological heterogeneity, present challenges for replicability, generalizability, and complicate data interpretation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We are pleased to introduce the new Sustainable Liquid Diesterquat MICROCARE® Quat LDG, an innovative conditioner in the market for eco-conscious product formulations. In a world increasingly committed to sustainability and environmental respect, this diesterquat emerges as the ideal solution for formulators aiming to satisfy today's consumer demands while maintaining high standards of effectiveness and quality. MICROCARE® Quat LDG is a novel eco-friendly liquid diesterquat derived from olive oil. The chemical composition of this conditioner consists mainly of diolethyldimonium chloride, glyceryl oleate, oleyl alcohol, and glycerin. These essential ingredients are sustainably sourced from RSPO-certified palm oil raw materials, upholding high environmental standards. Our formulation is 100% active, maximising efficacy and minimising waste. MICROCARE® Quat LDG is a multifunctional ingredient that stands out for its remarkable adaptability in a wide range of personal care applications, from hair and skin care to wet wipes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BACKGROUND: Since the early 2000s, human fibroblast conditioned media (HFCM) has been used in topical growth factor skincare to support skin regeneration and skin rejuvenation. Human fibroblast conditioned media contains the fibroblast secretome including growth factors as well as exosomes. The potential benefits of topically applied exosomes are gaining interest in the medical aesthetic field. OBJECTIVE: This article aims to summarize the preclinical and clinical data available on regenerative HFCM-based topical skincare with a focus on studies investigating products applied to improve overall facial skin rejuvenation and/or after inoffice cosmetic procedures. In addition, available data on fibroblast-derived exosomes will be covered. METHODS: A focused literature review was conducted to provide an overview of evidence on HFCM-based topical skincare. RESULTS: Human fibroblast conditioned media-based skincare significantly reduces signs of skin aging including photodamage, coarse lines and wrinkles, and sagging. After in-office cosmetic procedures, HFCM-based skincare can stimulate skin recovery and reduce downtime as well as provide skin quality benefits to enhance overall treatment outcomes. Application of purified exosomes from HFCM also demonstrated significant improvements in multiple skin aging parameters. CONCLUSION: Human fibroblast conditioned media combines naturally secreted fibroblast-derived growth factors and exosomes that stimulate skin regeneration and rejuvenation as evidenced by a variety of assays and assessments including in vitro preclinical studies, clinical investigator grading, instrumentation measurements, biopsy analyses, and patient-reported outcomes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Practical nursing skills are complex actions that must be taught in bachelor nursing education. There is a lack of comparative research about what simulation-based skills are taught in Scandinavian countries, and this study aims to fill this gap. In 2019, a cross-sectional survey of nursing educators was conducted, and data were analysed using descriptive and non-parametric tests. The study revealed that eight categories of simulation-based practical skills (respiration, activity, elimination, nutrition, skin care, circulation, hygiene, and medication) were taught in all Scandinavian countries, but there were differences in what skills were prioritised within each category. Moreover, the study revealed that the amount of time spent on teaching simulation-based practical skills varied across countries and faculties, with Norway and Sweden spending more time teaching simulation-based practical skills than Denmark. The authors recommend that nursing education prioritise and standardise the practical skills taught in simulation centres in all Scandinavian countries. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• Rose oil is used for medicinal, pharmaceutical, therapeutical purposes • Pharmacologically Damask Rose serves as an anti-HIV agent, source of antioxidant, antitussive usage, hypnotic uses, and anti-diabetic agent • Rose oil is reported to cure many physiological roles as well as psychological ailments of humans • Rose is prone to a number of pests viz., diseases, insect pests, nematodes, and weeds This review highlights recent advancements in the utilization of rose oil across medicinal, pharmaceutical, therapeutic, and clinical trials, as well as its integration into pest management strategies that significantly contribute to its economic value. The Damask Rose, recognized for its potent pharmacological properties, serves multiple roles including as an anti-HIV agent, antioxidant source, antitussive, hypnotic, anti-diabetic treatment, and tracheal system soother. There is a crucial focus on enhancing the content of aromatic monoterpenes and sesquiterpenes in Rosa damascena L. Clinical studies affirm that rose oil effectively addresses various physiological and psychological conditions such as pain relief, anxiety reduction, depression alleviation, respiratory system improvement, blood oxygenation, pulse regulation, skin temperature control, stress management, menstrual discomfort, and exhibits antifungal, antibacterial properties, and potential as a sex stimulant. Rose cultivation faces challenges from numerous pests including diseases, insects, nematodes, and weeds, which detrimentally affect yield and flower quality. Effective management of these pests ensures optimal returns for rose growers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: A healthy skin provides protection against intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Skin aging is characterized by structural and morphological alterations affecting skin health, integrity, and functionality, resulting in visible aging signs. Aim: The primary objective of this study was to assess the effect of a collagen peptide dietary supplement on skin aging in the East Asian population. Methods: Eighty‐five healthy women, aged from 43 to 65 years old, were randomly assigned to the collagen supplement (CP, 5 g) or placebo (maltodextrin, 5 g) group. To standardize daily skin care, the volunteers in both groups used a specific face cream for 28 days prior to and throughout the supplementation period, creating an equal baseline for the assessment of the efficacy of CP on several skin parameters. At baseline, day 28 and day 84, the following hallmarks of skin and nail aging were assessed: dermis density, skin moisture and elasticity, wrinkle visibility, beauty perception, and nail color. Results: After 84 days, a significant improvement of dermis density and skin moisture was observed in the collagen peptides group compared to the placebo group. Positive effects on skin elasticity, wrinkle visibility, nail color, and overall beauty perception were already observed within 28 days of supplementation in the CP group, while the same effects in the placebo group were only observed after 84 days. Conclusion: Taken together, these results show that, in addition to a standardized skin care, daily supplementation with 5 g of collagen peptides positively affects visible signs of skin and nail aging in the East Asian population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Atopic dermatitis (AD), a prevalent Th2-dominant skin disease, involves complex genetic and environmental factors, including mutations in the Filaggrin gene and dysbiosis of skin microbiota characterized by an increased abundance of Staphylococcus aureus. Our recent findings emphasize the pivotal role of the skin barrier's integrity and microbial composition in infantile AD and allergic diseases. Early skin dysbiosis predisposes infants to AD, suggesting targeted skincare practices as a preventive strategy. The effects of skincare interventions, particularly the application of moisturizers with the appropriate molar concentration of ceramides, cholesterol, and fatty acids, play a crucial role in restoring the skin barrier. Notably, our study revealed that appropriate skincare can reduce Streptococcus abundance while supporting Cutibacterium acnes presence, thus directly linking skincare practices to microbial modulation in neonatal skin. Despite the mixed outcomes of previous Randomized Controlled Trials on the efficacy of moisturizers in AD prevention, our research points to the potential of skincare intervention as a primary preventive method against AD by minimizing the impact of genetic and environmental factors. Furthermore, our research supports the notion that early aggressive management of eczema may reduce the incidence of food allergies, highlighting the necessity for multifaceted prevention strategies that address both the skin barrier and immune sensitization. By focusing on repairing the skin barrier and adjusting the skin's microbiome from birth, we propose a novel perspective on preventing infantile AD and allergic diseases, opening new avenues for future studies, and practices in allergy prevention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cannabidiol (CBD) is a non-psychotropic cannabinoid with multiple pharmacological properties. Cannabidiol has attracted growing attention in the cosmetic industry, with an increasing number of CBD-containing skincare products on the market in recent years. The aim of this review is to evaluate the current evidence on the use of CBD for cosmetic purposes. Following an overview of CBD and the endocannabinoid system in the skin, we summarize pre-clinical and clinical studies that address the potential of CBD in cosmetic dermatology. Available in vitro and in vivo evidence suggests that CBD has anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, moisturizing, anti-acne, wound-healing, and anti-aging properties. However, only a few clinical studies have been conducted on the use of CBD in the skin. In addition, there is a critical need to develop an efficient drug-delivery system for topical/transdermal application of CBD. Further research, including clinical and pharmacokinetic studies, are needed to fully evaluate the role of CBD in cosmetic dermatology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Chronic hand eczema (CHE) is a complex, challenging, and frequently multifactorial skin disease of the hands. It is very common in the general population, especially in certain professions. When hand eczema (HE) persists for longer than 3 months or has a minimum of two relapses per year after initial manifestation with complete clearance, it is considered chronic. In this case, health-related quality of life and the patient's working life are often impaired. CHE can be considered as an umbrella term because it covers different clinical pictures and etiologies. To date, there is no definite and unique HE classification. Treatment starts with identifying the individual HE etiology paralleled by symptomatic therapy (local and/or systemic and/or ultraviolet phototherapy). Sustainable management of HE requires the identification and avoidance of its triggering factors, from the professional and private environment. This includes ruling out allergic contact dermatitis if any HE persists for more than 3 months despite adequate therapy. Randomized controlled trials investigating the efficacy in HE are lacking for several treatment modalities. Patient education measures of skin protection and prevention complete the multimodal treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Several researchers have shown experimentally that Gallic acid has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-aging properties, signifying its value in skin care. Glycerol has properties, such as increasing skin hydration, softening skin, and reducing skin dryness. The present work aims to understand the vibrational and spectroscopic study of the interacting mechanism of Deep Eutectic solvent mixture of Gallic acid and Glycerol. The theoretical analysis is performed using the Density Functional Theory with B3LYP/6-311 + g(d,p) level of theory. The optimized structure and frequency of the monomers and their biomolecular complex are obtained using Gauss view 6.0 and Gaussian16. The vibrational analysis is carried out using Vibrational Energy Distribution Analysis. The Natural Bond Orbital, molecular docking of the Glycerol-Gallic acid complex, and the molecular dynamics simulation of the docked protein-ligand system are carried out to understand the mechanism better. The theoretical and experimental frequencies are found to agree with each other. The Molecular Dynamic simulation analysis predicts that the protein-ligand complexation is relatively stable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background/Objectives: Abdominal ostomy surgery has a severe impact on individuals' daily lives. These procedures are typically indicated for conditions such as cancer, inflammatory bowel disease, or traumatic injuries. They involve creating an artificial opening, denominated the stoma, in the abdominal area to divert feces or urine, establishing a connection between the affected organs and the body's exterior. Thus, specialized products to collect the body fluids are required, being effective and tailored products crucial to enhance the quality of life of such patients. Methods: This paper presents a review of fecal fluid collection devices and advanced technologies designed to assist patients with ostomies. The study aims to identify the known bags/devices and evaluate their attributed performance in enhancing the population's physical and social quality of life. This review is based on a systematic search conducted between 20 February and 2 March 2024, in the PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, and Google Patents databases. Articles published within the last eight years from this period were included in the analysis. Results: The devices found in the study were classified as passive, requiring active monitoring by the user, and active, providing automated assistance. Three main categories were identified, reflecting the most significant concerns of patients: (1) devices that control fluid leakage, reducing peristomal dermatological problems; (2) devices that minimize odors and noise, reducing social embarrassment; and (3) devices that monitor fluid volume, helping with electrolyte balance, especially in patients with ileostomies. Conclusions: This study revealed that the existing devices meet primary collection and disposal needs. However, introducing smart devices could offer greater control and confidence to users, providing real-time information on gas pressure, stool texture, and accumulated volume. Thus, overall, the development of advanced technologies can significantly improve patients' quality of life, restore social confidence, and enable a more effective management of the condition by sharing information with medical teams. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Conventional advice to reduce the risk of breast cancer-related lymphedema (BCLE) suggests avoidance of daily-living risks, and limited research has investigated these risks. Objective: This study aimed to examine the occurrence, patterns, and effects of daily-living risks on BCLE. Methods: A cross-sectional design was used to collect data from 567 patients at a metropolitan cancer center in the United States. The Lymphedema Risk-Reduction Behavior Checklist was used to assess the occurrence of 11 daily-living risks. Descriptive, regression, and factor analyses were performed. Results: Significant odds of BCLE were associated with infection (odds ratio [OR] 2.58, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.95–3.42), cuts/scratches (OR 2.65, 95% CI 1.97–3.56), sunburn (OR 1.89, 95% CI 1.39–3.56), oil splash or steam burns (OR 2.08, 95% CI 1.53–3.83), and insect bites (OR 1.59, 95% CI 1.18–2.13). The daily-living risks were clustered into factors related to skin trauma and carrying objects. Skin trauma risk was significantly associated with BCLE (B = 0.539, z = 3.926, OR 1.714, 95% CI 1.312–2.250; p < 0.001). Having three, four, or five skin trauma risks significantly increased the odds of BCLE to 4.31, 5.14, and 6.94 times, respectively. The risk of carrying objects had no significant or incremental effects on BCLE. Conclusion: Complete avoidance of daily-living risks is challenging given 52.73% of patients incurred more than five daily-living risks. Our study findings underscore the importance of 'what to do' strategies to minimize infection and skin trauma. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Aim Design Method Results Conclusion Implications for the Profession and/or Patient Care Patient or Public Contribution Reporting Method Incontinence‐associated dermatitis poses a significant risk for sacral pressure injuries, infection and morbidity in healthcare settings. Despite the availability of best practice guidelines, implementation remains a challenge.To outline the implementation of a hospital‐wide programme using the Integrated Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services framework to prevent and manage incontinence‐associated dermatitis and improve hospital‐acquired pressure injuries.This is an empirical research study using mixed methods.The study, conducted across surgical, medical and critical care wards between June and October 2023, aimed to address knowledge gaps, enhance clinical practice and evaluate the effectiveness of interventions. The implementation strategy included education modules, engagement of staff through focus groups and targeted interventions such as individualised toileting plans and structured skin care regimens. Data collection involved audits, incident reporting and clinician knowledge surveys.Findings indicate a reduction in hospital‐acquired incontinence‐associated dermatitis and pressure injuries postimplementation, with observed improvements in clinician knowledge. However, challenges including workload, skill mix and resource limitations were identified as barriers to implementation. The sustainability and scalability of the programme were emphasised, with ongoing monitoring and evaluation essential for long‐term success.This study underscores the importance of evidence‐based interventions, interdisciplinary collaboration and leadership support in improving patient outcomes and reducing healthcare costs associated with preventable skin injuries. Further research is needed to assess implementation in community settings and scale up interventions across healthcare networks.Analysing a hospital‐wide programme using the Integrated Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Service framework to prevent and manage incontinence‐associated dermatitis and improve hospital‐acquired pressure injuries, could help identify the challenges for delivering patient‐centred care.No patient or public involvement.To describe the implementation study, we referred to the StaRI Guideline.Trial Registration: This intervention study was applied to the whole population and was therefore not a trial and did not require trial registration. The study was considered low risk and the Human Research Ethics Application (HREA) was approved [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study was conducted to investigate the differences in chemical composition between red (RGBs) and yellow ginseng berries (YGBs) and their whitening and anti-aging skincare effects. The differences in the chemical composition between RGB and YGB were analyzed by ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography tandem quadrupole electrostatic field orbit trap mass spectrometry (UHPLC-Q-Exactive-MS/MS) combined with multivariate statistics. An aging model was established using UVB radiation induction, and the whitening and anti-aging effects of the two ginseng berries were verified in vitro and in vivo using cell biology (HaCaT and B16-F10 cells) and zebrafish model organisms. A total of 31 differential compounds, including saponins, flavonoids, phenolic acids, and other chemical constituents, were identified between the two groups. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was more significantly increased (p < 0.05) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content was more significantly decreased (p < 0.01) in RGB more than YGB induced by UVB ultraviolet radiation. In terms of whitening effects, YGB was more effective in inhibiting the melanin content of B16-F10 cells (p < 0.01). The results of zebrafish experiments were consistent with those of in vitro experiments and cell biology experiments. The DCFH fluorescence staining results revealed that both ginseng berries were able to significantly reduce the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in zebrafish (p < 0.01). Comparison of chemical composition and skin care activities based on RGB and YGB can provide a theoretical basis for the deep development and utilization of ginseng berry resources. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

ABSTRACT Background Objective Materials and Methods Results Conclusion IRB Protocol Number Radiofrequency (RF) microneedling produces patient discomfort which deters patients from completing the recommended treatment series.The primary objective was to determine the tolerability, safety, and efficacy of a neurocosmetic postprocedure cream post‐RF microneedling in reducing patient discomfort and enhancing recovery across the length of the study and, secondarily, to evaluate against a leading comparator. The third objective was to evaluate the efficacy of the neurocosmetic on self‐perceived improvement and objective grading.An Institutional Review Board (IRB) approved, fourteen‐day, randomized, single‐center, double‐blind, controlled clinical case study was conducted with 11 healthy female subjects, 6 randomized to the neurocosmetic and 5 to the comparator cell. Following a 7‐day washout period, subjects received RF microneedling (face and neck) and applied the postprocedure cream twice daily for 7 days. Objective and subjective tolerability, self‐assessments, and clinical photography were performed immediately postprocedure, 24 h, three and seven days following the procedure.The neurocosmetic was tolerable and safe. Erythema and stinging immediately decreased postprocedure, postneurocosmetic application. After 24 h, 83% favorably agreed the neurocosmetic “reduced irritation on the skin post‐procedure,” and after 7 days, 100% favorably agreed “experience with the product was positive and I would be interested in returning for a second treatment.” The neurocosmetic reduced skin tone redness in the face and neck faster and to a greater degree when measured against a comparator.The neurocosmetic postprocedure cream improved patient discomfort and enhanced recovery when used immediately post‐RF microneedling and after 7 days.Pro00064211 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on a study on the use of compression therapy in the assessment and management of the venous and arterial aetiologies underlying leg ulceration as part of a holistic care plan, which was presented in an expert panel discussion held in October 2023.

Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) technology has emerged as a revolutionary therapeutic technology in dermatology, recognized for its safety, effectiveness, and minimal side effects. CAP demonstrates substantial antimicrobial properties against bacteria, viruses, and fungi, promotes tissue proliferation and wound healing, and inhibits the growth and migration of tumor cells. This paper explores the versatile applications of CAP in dermatology, skin health, and skincare. It provides an in-depth analysis of plasma technology, medical plasma applications, and CAP. The review covers the classification of CAP, its direct and indirect applications, and the penetration and mechanisms of action of its active components in the skin. Briefly introduce CAP's suppressive effects on microbial infections, detailing its impact on infectious skin diseases and its specific effects on bacteria, fungi, viruses, and parasites. It also highlights CAP's role in promoting tissue proliferation and wound healing and its effectiveness in treating inflammatory skin diseases such as psoriasis, atopic dermatitis, and vitiligo. Additionally, the review examines CAP's potential in suppressing tumor cell proliferation and migration and its applications in cosmetic and skincare treatments. The therapeutic potential of CAP in treating immune-mediated skin diseases is also discussed. CAP presents significant promise as a dermatological treatment, offering a safe and effective approach for various skin conditions. Its ability to operate at room temperature and its broad spectrum of applications make it a valuable tool in dermatology. Finally, introduce further research is required to fully elucidate its mechanisms, optimize its use, and expand its clinical applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In China, many tea seeds, the ripe seeds of the tea plant (Camellia sinensis (L.) O. Kuntze), are discarded as agricultural waste. Therefore, the tea seed oil that could have been obtained from tea seeds has also been wasted. To fully understand the content and efficacy of the main active ingredients in tea seed oil (TSO), the chemical composition and activity characteristics of TSO in different areas of Guizhou, China were investigated. The results demonstrated that TSO had high content of unsaturated fatty acids (UFA) and good skincare properties, such as antioxidation, anti-ultraviolet, moisturizing, whitening, and bacteriostasis. Furthermore, TSO showed a scavenging effect on reactive oxygen species in mouse fibroblasts cells (L929) and rat cardiomyocytes cells (H9C2). TSO exhibited high biocompatibility and promoted the proliferation and migration of L929. Southwest Guizhou (T4) and southern Guizhou (T6) might be used as high-quality producing areas for cosmetic oil by the weight analysis of each indicator. In summary, as the main producing area of tea in the world, this study helps to alleviate the problem of low oil self-sufficiency in China. The work offers a scientific basis for the in-depth development of TSO, especially in the field of skin care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Excessive exposure to sunlight can contribute for skin photo-damage, such as sunburn, dryness, wrinkles, hyperpigmentation, immunosuppressive events and skin sensitization reactions. The use of aftersun products is an effective strategy to reduce the visible signs and symptoms of acute photodamage in the skin. Aiming to unveil the active ingredients able to offset acute sun damage, this work focuses on the characterization of the aftersun products market. A total of 84 after-sun formulations from 41 international brands currently marketed in Portugal were analyzed concerning the composition described on the product label, identifying natural and synthetic/semi-synthetic ingredients with the ability to mitigate solar-induced effects. The majority of aftersun formulations contained ingredients derived from terrestrial and marine sources (> 80%). An in-depth examination of these compounds is also offered, revealing the top of the most used natural and synthetic/semi-synthetic ingredients present in aftersun products, as well as their mechanism of action. A critical appraisal of the scientific data was made aiming to highlight the scientific evidence of ingredients able to mitigate skin photodamage. Amino acids and peptides, and A. barbadensis extract were tested for their in vivo efficacy. Nevertheless, all the ingredients were analyzed with in vitro studies as preliminary screening before in vivo, ex vivo and/or clinical studies. In summary, this study provides an overview of the use of active ingredients in commercial aftersun products to understand better the benefits associated with their use in cosmetic formulations and identify opportunities for innovation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Autofluorescence is a remarkable property of human skin. It can be excited by UV and observed in the dark using special detection systems. The method of fluorescence photography (FP) is an effective non-invasive tool for skin assessment. It involves image capturing by a camera the emission of light quanta from fluorophore molecules in the skin. It serves as a useful tool for cosmetic and skincare research, especially for the detection of pathological skin states, like acne, psoriasis, etc. To the best of our knowledge, there is currently no comprehensive review that fully describes the application and physical principles of FP over the past five years. The current review covers various aspects of the skin FP method from its biophysical basis and the main fluorescent molecules of the skin to its potential applications and the principles of FP recording and analysis. We pay particular attention to recently reported works on the automatic analysis of FP based on artificial intelligence (AI). Thus, we argue that FP is a rapidly evolving technology with a wide range of potential applications. We propose potential directions of the development of this method, including new AI algorithms for the analysis and expanding the range of applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The skin structure alters with age, leading to a decrease in collagen and diminished elasticity of the skin. While retinol proves to be an excellent anti-aging solution, its side effects prompt the search for gentler alternatives. This study evaluates bakuchiol's effectiveness and safety compared to traditional retinoids. Material and Methods: A thorough literature review was performed using PubMed and Google Scholar, employing keywords related to the topic. Results: Recent studies highlight bakuchiol's efficacy in reducing wrinkles and hyperpigmentation, with better tolerability than retinol. It is also under investigation for better skin penetration and collagen production. Comparatively, bakuchiol and retinol show significant anti-aging effects, yet bakuchiol's additional antioxidative properties and the lack of side effects present it as a promising skincare ingredient. Conclusions: Bakuchiol offers a natural, effective retinol alternative, matching its rejuvenating effects with enhanced antioxidant benefits. Its superior tolerance makes it suitable for sensitive skin. While promising, further research is needed to fully grasp bakuchiol's long-term benefits and confirm its role in skincare. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim: Several skin disorder symptoms may appear in infants, each resulting from a different inflammatory response. In this study, we investigated the relationship between skin cytokine levels and skin symptoms in newborns. Methods: This cross‐sectional study was conducted in Tokyo and Oita, two Japanese cities. The participants were healthy, 1‐month‐old infants and their parents. Symptoms including erythema, papules, dryness, and exudate/yellow scaling on infant faces were evaluated as outcomes. Cytokine levels (interleukin [IL]‐4, IL‐6, IL‐8, and IL‐17) were measured by skin blotting. A multilevel analysis using a mixed‐effects model was conducted to account for regional differences. Results: A total of 231 infants (119 from Tokyo and 112 from Oita) participated in this study. Erythema, papules, dryness, and exudate/yellow scaling were present in 59 (25.5%), 133 (57.6%), 37 (16.0%), and 16 (6.9%) of the infants, respectively. In terms of the associations between symptoms and cytokines, there was a significant association between papules and IL‐8 positivity (adjusted odds ratio [AOR]: 1.94, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.09–3.47) even after adjustment for differences in barrier function, area, and skin care. Conclusions: This study demonstrated that cytokines were linked to skin conditions, even after accounting for regional differences and genetic factors. This suggests that different symptoms point to the involvement of various cytokines in skin conditions in neonates, with mechanisms varying based on the symptoms. These findings could aid in developing specific preventive strategies in the future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective • The objective of this study was to assess the effectiveness of fecal collection devices in preventing incontinence-associated dermatitis (IAD) and reducing skin care time in ICU patients with fecal incontinence undergoing Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation (ECMO). Methods • A nonrandomized comparison cohort (quasi- experimental) study with pre-post comparison was carried out in a general intensive care unit. 85 bedridden patients receiving ECMO with fecal incontinence (FI) in a general intensive care unit between June 2017 and May 2022 participated in the study and separated into two groups according to the fecal collection device they received. 40 were assigned to the Control group (structured IAD preventive care protocol alone) and 45 to the Intervention group (structured IAD preventive care protocol plus application of fecal collection device). The status of IAD was assessed using the Incontinence Associated Dermatitis Intervention Tool (IAD-IT). Fecal consistency was evaluated via the Bristol Stool Scale. Outcome measures included the nursing time for skin care and the incidence of IAD, and bleeding complications between the two groups during the period. Results • Participants in the Intervention group had fewer IAD occurrences than participants in the Control group (13.33% vs. 52.50%, P < .05). The patients in the Intervention group significantly reduced skincare time (63.30±14.09 min in the Control group versus 28.44±2.04 min in the Intervention group, P < .01). There was 3 turning complications for bleeding in the Intervention group and 11 in the Control group and had a significant reduction in urning complications(3 vs.11, P = .022). Conclusions • Applying a fecal collection device may reduce skincare time and reduce occurrences of IAD and bleeding related to turning position for skin care in ICU patients with FI associated with diarrhea receiving ECMO Support.This study offers a more efficient way to use the fecal collection device in ECMO patients.Future research needs to focus on the perianal skin in ECMO patients regarding fecal collection devices connected to continuous low-negative-pressure suction devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The pursuit of cosmetic ingredients with proven efficacy and safety that meet consumer needs drives the advancement of new products. Ascorbic acid (AA) is utilized in cosmetic products, predominantly for its potent antioxidant properties. Nonetheless, its instability compromises its efficacy. In this work, ascorbyl 2-O-glucoside persulfate (AAGS) was synthesized, characterized, and evaluated regarding its safety profile and potential bioactivities and the results were compared to AA and its glycoside AAG. Pre-formulation studies were performed to assess the stability of the compounds and their compatibility with typical excipients commonly used in topical formulations. AAGS did not affect the metabolic activity of keratinocyte, macrophage, and monocyte cell lines, up to 500 µM. AAGS also exhibited a non-prooxidant and non-sensitizing profile and anti-allergic activity by impeding the allergen-induced maturation of THP-1 cells. When compared to AA and AAG, AAGS was shown to be more stable at pH values between 5 and 7, as well as superior thermostability and photostability. AAGS demonstrated higher stability in metal solutions of Fe(II) and Mg(II) than AA. AAGS demonstrated similar DPPH radical scavenging activity compared to AA. These results provide useful information for the development of new AA derivatives, highlighting AAGS as a novel cosmetic ingredient. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses a study conducted in Germany that examined the use of dupilumab, a biologic treatment, for pediatric patients with moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis (AD). The study found that dupilumab significantly improved disease severity and quality of life in these patients. The treatment was generally well-tolerated, with only a few reported adverse events. The study also analyzed biomarkers and found that certain proteins showed differential expression in lesional versus non-lesional skin, but it is unclear if the protein levels reached those of non-AD skin. The authors suggest that larger and longer-term studies are needed to further evaluate the effects of systemic therapies in pediatric AD. [Extracted from the article]

Background: The increasing quest for effective and safe antiaging skincare solutions has led to a surge in the exploration of natural compounds such as phenolic acids. Despite the proven efficacy of traditional antiaging ingredients like retinol, their associated side effects have necessitated the search for alternatives. Aims: This study aimed to assess the anti‐wrinkle efficacy of a standardized phenolic acids polymer extract (PAPE) from propolis, employing both in vitro and clinical methodologies to explore its suitability as a novel antiaging skincare ingredient for sensitive and nonsensitive skin types. Patients/Methods: The study comprised of evaluating PAPE effects on key skin health biomarkers in dermal fibroblasts and keratinocytes. A double‐blind, randomized clinical trial involving female participants aged 30–70 years assessed the wrinkle‐reducing effectiveness of face creams formulated with two concentrations of PAPE (1.5% and 3%) over a 28‐day period. Results: In vitro studies indicated that PAPE could modulate inflammation and tissue remodeling biomarkers. The clinical trial demonstrated that applying PAPE‐enriched cream resulted in significant wrinkle reduction, with 25% and 34% improvements for the 1.5% and 3% PAPE formulations, respectively. Subjective feedback from participants further validated the antiaging efficacy and overall satisfaction with the product. Conclusion: Incorporating PAPE offers a compelling antiaging solution, significantly reducing wrinkle depth with a favorable safety profile. The study substantiates PAPE's potential as an effective and safe alternative to conventional antiaging ingredients, aligning with the cosmetic industry's shift toward natural, evidence‐based formulations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: This study aims to fill the knowledge gap regarding the effects of high frequency facial neuromuscular electrical stimulation (fNMES) on facial aging, using a device equipped with CERTEC (Cell Energy Regeneration Technology) operating between 40 and 190 kHz. Methods: This prospective split‐face study was conducted at Tokyo University Hospital between March and May 2023 with 24 healthy adult women aged 30–59. The intervention group used the fNMES device along with basic skin care on one side of the face, and basic skin care alone on the other side for 8 weeks. Evaluations included changes in skin wrinkles, sagging, and blood flow. Results: This study found significant improvements in skin elasticity and degree of wrinkles in the areas intervened with fNMES (p < 0.05, respectively). In addition, the intervention resulted in significant improvements in jawline angle (p < 0.01), submental volume (p < 0.05), cheek volume (p < 0.05), maximum nasolabial fold depth (p = 0.03), and total volume of the nasolabial folds (p = 0.03). The fNMES intervention also showed improvement in blood flow (p < 0.05). These improvements were also subjectively assessed by the participants in subject questionnaires at 8 weeks after the intervention (p < 0.05). Conclusion: This study suggests that high frequency fNMES effectively improves facial skin elasticity, reduces wrinkles and sagging, promotes blood flow, and contributes to overall facial appearance rejuvenation. Although further studies are needed, high frequency fNMES appeared promising as a noninvasive anti‐aging therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Surfactin is a natural surfactant almost exclusively produced by Bacillus species with excellent physical‐chemical, and biological properties. Among innovative applications, surfactin has been recently used as an ingredient in formulations. The antibacterial and anti‐acne activities, as well as the anti‐wrinkle, moisturizing, and cleansing features, are some of the reasons this lipopeptide is used in cosmetics. Considering the importance of biosurfactants in the world economy and sustainability, their potential properties for cosmetic and dermatological products, and the importance of patents for technological advancement in a circular bioeconomy system, the present study aims to review all patents involving surfactin as an ingredient in cosmetic formulas. This review was conducted through Espacenet, wherein patents containing the terms "cosmetic" and "surfactin" in their titles, abstracts, or claims were examined. Those patents that detailed a specific surfactin dosage within their formulations were selected for analysis. All patents, irrespective of their publication date, from October 1989 to December 2022, were considered. Additionally, a comprehensive search was performed in the MEDLINE and EMBASE databases, spanning from their inception until the year 2023. This complementary search aimed to enrich the understanding derived from patents, with a specific emphasis on surfactin, encompassing its associated advantages, efficacy, mechanisms of action on the skin, as well as aspects related to sustainability and its merits in cosmetic formulations. From the 105 patents analysed, 75% belong to Japan (54), China (14), and Korea (9). Most of them were submitted by Asian companies such as Showa Denko (15), Kaneka (11) and Kao Corporation (5). The formulations described are mainly emulsions, skincare, cleansing, and haircare, and the surfactin dose does not exceed 5%. Surfactin appears in different types of formulas worldwide and has a high tendency to be used. Surfactin and other biosurfactants are a promising alternative to chemical ingredients in cosmetic formulations, guaranteeing skin health benefits and minimizing the impact on the environment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Pressure ulcer is considered a common and costly problem in the care of patients. Prevention and management of pressure ulcer are very important due to the high cost of treatment and the adverse consequences of pressure ulcer. This study aimed to evaluate the effect of implementing “aSSKINg” model in reducing pressure ulcer risk. This study used a before- and afterintervention quasi-experimental design. This study was performed on 60 patients who were not randomly selected and assigned in to control and study group. The data collection tool was a 3-part sheet (Braden scale, skin health assessment, and Pressure ulcer assessment). The incidence of pressure ulcer was 19 (60.0%) in the control group versus 9 (30.0%) in the study group with statistical significant differences. The most common site of pressure ulcer was coccyx (6 [31.6%]) in the control group and Heel (3 [33.3%]) in the study group. The application of “aSSKINg” model in the patients with pressure ulcers is effective in reducing the incidence and severity of pressure ulcers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current research is focused on the discovery and optimization of an effective cosmetic carrier of alpha-bisabolol as a first step in the development of a cosmetic product with cleansing and antimicrobial action for facial skin hygiene. A micellar solution of Poloxamer 407 was selected as a cosmetic base because of the good washing ability, easy application, and high tolerability of this polymeric surfactant. The solubilization capacity of a 5% micellar solution with respect to α-bisabolol was investigated by applying varying solubilization techniques and increasing concentrations of the oily active substance. The test samples were subjected to an accelerated physical stability test, viscosimetry, dynamic light scattering (DLS), electrophoretic light scattering (ELS), foamability test, and antimicrobial screening. Over the course of this research, the advantage of the film-hydration method over direct solubilization was demonstrated by the narrower size distribution and smaller hydrodynamic size of the micellar nano-carriers (ranging from 29.02 to 116.5 nm) and the respective higher physical stability of the dispersions. The optimized composition was found to be suitable for application on large skin areas in terms of viscosity in the temperature range from 20 °C to 40 °C (3.4–2.3 mPa.s). Preservation of the washing capacity of the micellar solution in the presence of solubilized α-bisabolol was established. The active composition demonstrated inhibitory activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli and fungicidal activity against Candida albicans. This study concludes that the optimal concentration of α-bisabolol to be solubilized in a 5% Poloxamer 407 micellar solution by the film-hydration technique is 1%, considering the desirable physical endurance and antimicrobial activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Green soybean (Glycine max L.) seed contains a high procyanidin content and high antioxidant activity. Moreover, ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) has proved to be advantageous in providing high extraction efficiency. Hence, this study aimed to extract procyanidins from green soybean seeds (GSSs) using UAE. This study also evaluated the inhibitory activities of tyrosinase and the cytotoxic effects of crude procyanidin extract. The extract exhibited maximum levels of bioactive components and antioxidant capacity when subjected to a temperature of 15 °C and an extraction time of 20 min. The crude procyanidin extract at a concentration of 10 mg/mL inhibited the tyrosinase enzyme by more than 60%, and the half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) value obtained for the extract was 6.85 ± 0.81 mg/mL. This result was much greater than the IC50 value obtained for kojic acid (0.089 ± 0.08 mg/mL), which was used as a positive control. For the cytotoxicity assessment, the results indicated that the crude procyanidin extract showed no cytotoxicity and actually stimulated the growth of human skin fibroblast cells. More than 80% of the bioactive compounds (total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), procyanidin content (PC)) and antioxidant activities (DPPH and FRAP) of the crude extract powder were retained at 38.68 ± 0.01 mg GAE/g, 16.07 ± 0.01 mg CAE/g, 9.24 ± 0.01 mg PC/g, 359.8 ± 0.72 μM Trolox eq/g, and 1640 ± 2.86 μM Trolox eq/g, respectively, after 12 weeks of storage at 25 °C. The crude procyanidin extract powder was then included in a facial serum formulation and tested for pH value and physical evaluation. The stability of the crude procyanidin extract facial serum was shown to be greater for bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity when stored at a temperature of 4 °C than when stored at a temperature of 25 °C. These results suggest that the GSS extracts obtained via ultrasonication show promise for use in cosmeceutical formulations for whitening skincare products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.), native to Southern Asia, stands out for its significant nutritional and therapeutic properties. Its adaptability and resilience have enabled its global cultivation, highlighting the necessity for comprehensive scientific research to fully harness its potential. Rich in bioactive compounds like flavonoids, polyphenols, vitamin C, polysaccharides, tannins, and saponins, jujube extracts exhibit notable antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, and wound healing properties. These qualities have made jujube a popular ingredient in various skin and hair care formulations. The versatility of jujube extracts, along with their synergy with other herbal active ingredients, enables the development of targeted personal care solutions. These solutions address a range of concerns, including anti-aging, UV protection, brightening, moisturizing, and calming effects, as well as promoting hair health. Despite its potential, research on the cosmetic applications of Z. jujuba is still in its early stages, with only one clinical trial to date focusing on its skin-brightening effects. This review aims to consolidate the current and emerging research on the applications of jujube in conventional and medical cosmetics, highlighting its potential in enhancing skin and hair wellness. By providing a comprehensive overview, it seeks to pave the way for further studies and innovations in utilizing jujube for personal care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]