5 results on '"Rosa, José Silvino"'
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2. Essential oil of Azorean Cryptomeria japonica seed cones: chemical composition, antibacterial activity and Artemia salina toxicity
- Author
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Arruda, Filipe, Lima, Ana, Janeiro, Alexandre, Baptista, José, Rosa, José Silvino, A Cristina Figueiredo, and De Castro Lima, Elisabete Maria
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
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3. Molluscicidal activity of crude water and hexane extracts of Hypericum species to snails ( Radix peregra).
- Author
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Teixeira, Tânia, Rainha, Nuno, Rosa, José Silvino, Lima, Elisabete, and Baptista, José
- Subjects
HYPERICUM ,MOLLUSCICIDES ,FASCIOLIASIS ,PHYTOCHEMICALS ,HEXANE - Abstract
In spite of intense research on both chemical constituency and biological activity of Hypericum species, potential applications of their active components for pest control have been less well investigated. In the present study, Hypericum androsaemum (tutsan), Hypericum foliosum (malfurada), and Hypericum undulatum (wavy St. John's wort) aqueous and hexane extracts were studied for their molluscicidal and ovicidal activities against Radix peregra. The molluscicidal activity of the aqueous extracts was low, except for H. androsaemum infusion (median lethal concentration [LC50]
adults = 317.1 ppm; LC50juveniles = 415 ppm), and less important compared with the toxicity of all three hexane extracts tested: H. androsaemum (LC50adults = 30.47 ppm; LC50juveniles = 73.25 ppm), H. undulatum (LC50adults = 30.55 ppm; LC50juveniles = 60.54 ppm), and H. foliosum (LC50adults = 48.61 ppm; LC50juveniles = 38.81 ppm). An ovicidal effect was observed only with H. androsaemum infusion (1.85% of hatching at 500 ppm) and H. foliosum hexane extract (0.0% of hatching at 100 ppm). A preliminary phytochemical investigation of the lipophylic extracts from these Hypericum sp. revealed a different chemical profile and confirmed the presence of ursolic acid only in H. undulatum as the main compound. The present study indicates that products from hexane extracts of the Hypericum sp. analyzed may be used as potential molluscicides to control snails responsible for transmitting fasciolosis. Environ. Toxicol. Chem. 2012;31:748-753. © 2011 SETAC [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Anti-acetylcholinesterase and Antioxidant Activity of Essential Oils from Hedychium gardnerianum Sheppard ex Ker-Gawl.
- Author
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Arruda, Miguel, Viana, Hugo, Rainha, Nuno, Neng, Nuno R., Rosa, José Silvino, Nogueira, José M. F., and Barreto, Maria do Carmo
- Subjects
HEDYCHIUM gardnerianum ,ESSENTIAL oils ,ACETYLCHOLINESTERASE ,ANTIOXIDANTS ,ALZHEIMER'S disease ,SESQUITERPENES - Abstract
Acetylcholinesterase inhibition, antioxidant and cytotoxic activities of Hedychium gardnerianum leaf essential oils from S. Miguel Island were determined. All the oils inhibited acetylcholinesterase, with IC
50 values of approximately 1 mg/mL, showing no statistical differences between collection sites. Three oils presented mixed inhibition, whilst one was almost truly competitive. This activity can be attributed to the presence of sesquiterpenes, which constituted more than 60% of the composition of the oils. Regarding the antioxidant activity as measured by the DPPH method, all the oils presented activities similar to reference compounds, although with statistical differences between collection sites. Cytotoxicity measured using Artemia salina classified these oils as moderately toxic, with LC50 values ranging from 300 to 500 μg/mL. These results indicate a possible application of these oils in aromatherapy as coadjuvants in the treatment of cognitive diseases such as Alzheimer, since they may contribute to increase acetylcholine in cholinergic neurons and simultaneously fight deleterious oxidations responsible by neurological degeneration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
5. Lethal and sublethal effects of essential oils from Pittosporum undulatum and Hedychium gardnerianum on the egg parasitoid Trichogramma cordubensis (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae
- Author
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Furtado, Cláudia da Silva, Garcia, Patrícia Ventura, Rosa, José Silvino Santos, and Cabral, Susana Gabriela Moura
- Subjects
Extratos de Plantas ,Trichogramma ,Plant Extracts ,Hedychium gardnerianum ,Pittosporum undulatum - Abstract
Dissertação de Mestrado, Biotecnologia em Controlo Biológico, 6 de Junho de 2013, Universidade dos Açores. Ensaios de laboratório e de campo têm demonstrado que os parasitóides do género Trichogramma são muito suscetíveis à maioria dos inseticidas de largo espectro, reduzindo a sua eficácia como agentes de controlo biológico. A integração deste agente de controlo biológico com outros métodos requer o conhecimento dos efeitos letais e subletais que os insecticidas podem ter sobre estes inimigos naturais. De modo a promover métodos ambientalmente seguros de controlo de pragas nos Açores, este trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar a segurança de óleos essenciais de Pittosporumm undulatum e Hedychium gardnerianum em diversos parâmetros biológicos do parasitóide oófago Trichogramma cordubensis, quando aplicado sobre ovos do hospedeiro, antes e depois do parasitismo. Para tal, avaliou-se os efeitos letais e subletais destes óleos às concentrações de 0.5% e 2.5%, por contacto direto e residual, na longevidade e fecundidade de fêmeas T. cordubensis, e na percentagem de emergência e tempo de desenvolvimento preimaginal da descendência. O óleo essencial que mais afetou os parâmetros biológicos do parasitóide, tanto por contato residual ou direto, foi H. gardnerianum à concentração de 2.5%. O número de ovos parasitados e a longevidade de T. cordubensis foram os parâmetros mais negativamente afetados. H. gardnerianum à concentração de 2.5%, teve um efeito residual elevado enquanto que nos outros tratamentos verificou-se o enfraquecimento do efeito ao longo do tempo. Quando aplicado sobre os ovos parasitados, as fases de desenvolvimento embrionário e larval foram as mais afectadas por H. gardnerianum a 2.5%. Os óleos essenciais de P. undulatum, às concentrações de 2.5% e 0.5%, e H. gardnerianum à concentração de 0.5% são compatíveis com libertações de T. cordubensis, visto que a estas concentrações têm um efeito residual reduzido e, quando aplicados após a fase larvar do parasitóide, os seus efeitos são neglígiveis. P. undulatum, à concentração de 0.5%, apresentou resultados promissores, indicando que pode ser usado com segurança em qualquer altura de exposição e fase de desenvolvimento de T. cordubensis. No entanto, mais estudos devem ser realizados de modo a determinar o efeito destes óleos essenciais no comportamento biológico de T. cordubensis, em condições de campo. ABSTRACT: Laboratory and field studies have shown that Trichogramma wasps are highly susceptible to most broadspectrum insecticides, reducing their efficacy as biological control agents. Thus, the integration of this biological control agent with other methods requires knowledge of the lethal and sublethal effects they may have on these natural enemies. To promote environmentally friendly pest control methods in Azorean crops, this research aimed at assessing the safety of essential oils of Pittosporum undulatum and Hedychium gardnerianum on several biological parameters of the wasp Trichogramma cordubensis, when applied on host eggs before and after parasitism. We evaluated the lethal and sublethal effects of these essential oils at the concentrations of 0.5% and 2.5%, by residual and direct contact, on the longevity and fecundity of T. cordubensis and, on the offspring emergence rate and preimaginal development time. The essential oil that most affected the biological parameters of T. cordubensis, either by residual or direct contact, was H. gardnerianum at the concentration of 2.5%. The number of parasitized eggs and the longevity of T. cordubensis were the parameters most negatively affected. At the concentration of 2.5%, H. gardnerianum showed to have a high residual effect while, for the other treatments we observed a reduction of this effect over time. When applied on parasitized host eggs, the embryo and larval developmental stages of T. cordubensis were the most negatively affected by the treatment with H. gardnerianum at 2.5%. Our results suggest that the essential oils from H. gardnerianum at the concentration of 0.5% and, from P. undulatum at the concentrations of 0.5% and 2.5%, are compatible with T. cordubensis releases, since at such concentrations these extracts have a low residual effect and, when applied after completion of the larval developmental stage, their side effects are negligible. Furthermore, P. undulatum at the concentration of 0.5% showed promising results, indicating that it can be safely used at any time of exposure and preimaginal developmental stage of the T. cordubensis. However, more attention should be devoted to field experiments to more clearly determine the influence of these essential oils to T. cordubensis under agricultural conditions.
- Published
- 2013
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