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497 results on '"Rohde G"'

1. Statins did not reduce the frequency of exacerbations in individuals with COPD and cardiovascular comorbidities in the COSYCONET cohort

Author

Frantzi, N., Nguyen, X. P., Herr, C., Alter, P., Söhler, S., Soriano, D., Watz, H., Waschki, B., Trinkmann, F., Eichenlaub, M., Trudzinski, F. C., Michels-Zetsche, J. D., Omlor, A., Seiler, F., Moneke, I., Biertz, F., Rohde, G., Stolz, D., Welte, T., Kauczor, H. U., Kahnert, K., Jörres, R. A., Vogelmeier, C. F., Bals, R., and Fähndrich, S.

Published
2024
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2. A direct view onto the carrier dynamics in graphite at the H point

Author

Kipp L., Rohde G., Hellmann S., Rohwer T., Sohrt C., Stange A., Rossnagel K., and Bauer M.

Subjects
Physics, QC1-999
Abstract

The photophysics of charge transfer between the electron donating, surface adsorbed D149 dye and an electron accepting porous ZnO film was investigated by measuring excited state lifetimes using ultrafast transient absorption spectroscopy. We systematically varioed the production scheme of the sample including the electrolyte.

Published
2013
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3. Relevance of human metapneumovirus in exacerbations of COPD

Author

Bauer TT, Rausse R, Kronsbein J, Arinir U, Borg I, Rohde G, Bufe A, and Schultze-Werninghaus G

Subjects
Diseases of the respiratory system, RC705-779
Abstract

Abstract Background and methods Human metapneumovirus (hMPV) is a recently discovered respiratory virus associated with bronchiolitis, pneumonia, croup and exacerbations of asthma. Since respiratory viruses are frequently detected in patients with acute exacerbations of COPD (AE-COPD) it was our aim to investigate the frequency of hMPV detection in a prospective cohort of hospitalized patients with AE-COPD compared to patients with stable COPD and to smokers without by means of quantitative real-time RT-PCR. Results We analysed nasal lavage and induced sputum of 130 patients with AE-COPD, 65 patients with stable COPD and 34 smokers without COPD. HMPV was detected in 3/130 (2.3%) AE-COPD patients with a mean of 6.5 × 105 viral copies/ml in nasal lavage and 1.88 × 105 viral copies/ml in induced sputum. It was not found in patients with stable COPD or smokers without COPD. Conclusion HMPV is only found in a very small number of patients with AE-COPD. However it should be considered as a further possible viral trigger of AE-COPD because asymptomatic carriage is unlikely.

Published
2005
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5. A systematic review of quality of life research in medicine and health sciences

Author

Haraldstad, K., Wahl, A., Andenæs, R., Andersen, J. R., Andersen, M. H., Beisland, E., Borge, C. R., Engebretsen, E., Eisemann, M., Halvorsrud, L., Hanssen, T. A., Haugstvedt, A., Haugland, T., Johansen, V. A., Larsen, M. H., Løvereide, L., Løyland, B., Kvarme, L. G., Moons, P., Norekvål, T. M., Ribu, L., Rohde, G. E., Urstad, K. H., and Helseth, S.

Published
2019

6. Rate and Predictors of Bacteremia in Afebrile Community-Acquired Pneumonia

Author

Dreher, M., Cornelissen, C., Knüppel, W., Stolz, D., Suttorp, N., Witzenrath, M., Creutz, P., Mikolajewska, A., Bauer, T., Krieger, D., Pankow, W., Thiemig, D., Hauptmeier, B., Ewig, S., Wehde, D., Prediger, M., Schmager, S., Kolditz, M., Schulte-Hubbert, B., Langner, S., Albrich, W., Welte, T., Freise, J., Barten, G., Arenas Toro, O., Nawrocki, M., Naim, J., Witte, M., Kröner, W., Illig, T., Klopp, N., Kreuter, M., Herth, F., Hummler, S., Ravn, P., Vestergaard-Jensen, A., Baunbaek-Knudsen, G., Pletz, M., Kroegel, C., Frosinski, J., Winning, J., Schleenvoigt, B., Dalhoff, K., Rupp, J., Hörster, R., Drömann, D., Rohde, G., Drijkoningen, J., Braeken, D., Buschmann, H., Schaberg, T., Hering, I., Panning, M., Wallner, M., Forstner, Christina, Patchev, Vladimir, Rohde, Gernot, Rupp, Jan, Witzenrath, Martin, Welte, Tobias, Burgmann, Heinz, and Pletz, Mathias W.

Published
2020
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7. Resurgence of common respiratory viruses in patients with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP)—A prospective multicenter study

Author

Fuchs, A., Engelmannn, M., Stolz, D., Bauer, W., Mücke, H.C., Suttorp, N., Witzenrath, M., Schmager, S., Schaaf, B., Kremling, J., Nickoleit-Bitzenberger, D., Azzaui, H., Hower, M., Hempel, F., Prebeg, K., Popkirova, K., Kolditz, M., Rohde, G., Bellinghausen, C., Grünewaldt, A., Panning, M., Welte, T., Fühner, T., van't Klooster, M., Barten-Neiner, G., Kröner, W., Unruh, Ol., Adaskina, N., Eberherdt, F., Julius, C., Illig, T., Klopp, N., Pletz, M., Schleenvoigt, B.T., Forstner, C., Moeser, A., Ankert, J., Drömannn, D., Parschke, P., Franzen, K., Rupp, J., Käding, N., Waldeck, F., Spinner, C., Erber, J., Voit, F., Schneider, J., Heigener, D., Hering, I., Albrich, W., Seneghini, M., Rassouli, F., Baldesberger, S., Essig, A., Stenger, S., Wallner, M., Burgmann, H., Traby, L., Schubert, L., Chen, R., Dähne, Theo, Bauer, Wolfgang, Essig, Andreas, Schaaf, Bernhard, Barten-Neiner, Grit, Spinner, Christoph D., Pletz, Mathias W., Rohde, Gernot, Rupp, Jan, Witzenrath, Martin, and Panning, Marcus

Published
2024
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8. Transport Model for the Propagation of Partially-Coherent, Polarization-Gradient Vector Beams

Author

Nichols, J. M., Nickel, D. V., Rohde, G. K., and Bucholtz, F.

Subjects
35Q60, 78A60, FOS: Physical sciences, Optics (physics.optics), Physics - Optics
Abstract

In a recent work [20], we predicted and experimentally validated a new physical mechanism for altering the propagation path of a monochromatic beam. Specifically, we showed that by properly tailoring the spatial distribution of the linear state of polarization transverse to the direction of propagation, the beam followed a curved trajectory in free space. Here we extend the model to the partially coherent, polychromatic case by redefining the beam amplitude, phase, and polarization angle as appropriate statistical quantities. In particular, we propose an entirely new definition of linear polarization gradient as an average over the third generalized Stokes parameter in the spatial frequency domain. In the new model, the beam curvature matches that of our previous work in the fully coherent case, but is predicted to gradually vanish as the beam loses coherence and becomes depolarized. The model also clearly predicts, however, that there does not exist a natural mechanism in free space or due to atmospheric turbulence that will cause significant depolarization. Simulated beam trajectories are shown for varying levels of initial partial coherence and for different polarization profiles. A new class of non-diffracting beams is also suggested by way of example. Lastly, as a byproduct of the derivation we generalize a previously known result concerning the free-space propagation of generalized Stokes parameters [13] by showing the result also holds for propagation in inhomogeneous media., 25 pages, 3 figures, 3 appendices

Published
2023

9. Long-term (180-day) outcomes in critically ill patients with COVID-19 in the REMAP-CAP randomized clinical trial

Author

Florescu, S, Stanciu, D, Zaharia, M, Kosa, A, Codreanu, D, Kidwai, A, Masood, S, Kaye, C, Coutts, A, MacKay, L, Summers, C, Polgarova, P, Farahi, N, Fox, E, McWilliam, S, Hawcutt, D, Rad, L, O’Malley, L, Whitbread, J, Jones, D, Dore, R, Saunderson, P, Kelsall, O, Cowley, N, Wild, L, Thrush, J, Wood, H, Austin, K, Bélteczki, J, Magyar, I, Fazekas, Á, Kovács, S, Szőke, V, Donnelly, A, Kelly, M, Smyth, N, O’Kane, S, McClintock, D, Warnock, M, Campbell, R, McCallion, E, Azaiz, A, Charron, C, Godement, M, Geri, G, Vieillard-Baron, A, Johnson, P, McKenna, S, Hanley, J, Currie, A, Allen, B, McGoldrick, C, McMaster, M, Mani, A, Mathew, M, Kandeepan, R, Vignesh, C, TV, B, Ramakrishnan, N, James, A, Elvira, E, Jayakumar, D, Pratheema, R, Babu, S, Ebenezer, R, Krishnaoorthy, S, Ranganathan, L, Ganesan, M, Shree, M, Guilder, E, Butler, M, Cowdrey, K-A, Robertson, M, Ali, F, McMahon, E, Duffy, E, Chen, Y, Simmonds, C, McConnochie, R, O’Connor, C, El-Khawas, K, Richardson, A, Hill, D, Commons, R, Abdelkharim, H, Saxena, M, Muteithia, M, Dobell-Brown, K, Jha, R, Kalogirou, M, Ellis, C, Krishnamurthy, V, O’Connor, A, Thurairatnam, S, Mukherjee, D, Kaliappan, A, Vertue, M, Nicholson, A, Riches, J, Maloney, G, Kittridge, L, Solesbury, A, Ramos, A, Collins, D, Brickell, K, Reid, L, Smyth, M, Breen, P, Spain, S, Curley, G, McEvoy, N, Geoghegan, P, Clarke, J, Silversides, J, McGuigan, P, Ward, K, O’Neill, A, Finn, S, Wright, C, Green, J, Collins, É, Knott, C, Smith, J, Boschert, C, Slieker, K, Ewalds, E, Sanders, A, Wittenberg, W, Geurts, H, Poojara, L, Sara, T, Nand, K, Reeve, B, Dechert, W, Phillips, B, Oritz-Ruiz de Gordoa, L, Affleck, J, Shaikh, A, Murray, A, Ramanan, M, Frakking, T, Pinnell, J, Robinson, M, Gledhill, L, Wood, T, Sanghavi, R, Bhonagiri, D, Ford, M, Parikh, HG, Avard, B, Nourse, M, McDonald, B, Edmunds, N, Hoiting, O, Peters, M, Rengers, E, Evers, M, Prinssen, A, Morgan, M, Cole, J, Hill, H, Davies, M, Williams, A, Thomas, E, Davies, R, Wise, M, Grimm, P, Soukup, J, Wetzold, R, Löbel, M, Starke, L, Lellouche, F, Lizotte, P, Declerq, P, Antoine, M, Stephanie, G, Jean-Pierre, E, François, B, Marion, B, Philippe, R, Pourcine, F, Monchi, M, Luis, D, Mercier, R, Sagnier, A, Verrier, N, Caplin, C, Richecoeu, J, Combaux, D, Siami, S, Aparicio, C, Vautier, S, Jeblaoui, A, Lemaire-Brunel, D, D'Aragon, F, Carbonneau, E, Leblond, J, Plantefeve, G, Leparco, C, Contou, D, Fartoukh, M, Courtin, L, Labbe, V, Voiriot, G, Salhi, S, Chassé, M, Carrier, F, Boumahni, D, Benettaib, F, Ghamraoui, A, Sement, A, Gachet, A, Hanisch, A, Haffiane, A, Boivin, A-H, Barreau, A, Guerineau, E, Poupblanc, S, Egreteau, P, Lefevre, M, Bocher, S, Le Loup, G, Le Guen, L, Carn, V, Bertel, M, Antcliffe, D, Templeton, M, Rojo, R, Coghlan, P, Smee, J, Barker, G, Finn, A, Kreb, G, Hoff, U, Hinrichs, C, Nee, J, Mackay, E, Cort, J, Whileman, A, Spencer, T, Spittle, N, Beavis, S, Padmakumar, A, Dale, K, Hawes, J, Moakes, E, Gascoyne, R, Pritchard, K, Stevenson, L, Cooke, J, Nemeth-Roszpopa, K, Gauli, B, Bastola, S, Muller, G, Nay, M-A, Kamel, T, Benzekri, D, Jacquier, S, Runge, I, Mathonnet, A, Barbier, F, Bretagnol, A, Carter, J, Van Der Heyden, K, Mehrtens, J, Morris, A, Morgan, S, Burke, T, Mercier, E, Chartier, D, Salmon, C, Dequin, P-F, Garot, D, Bellemare, D, Cloutier, È, Daher, R, Costerousse, O, Boulanger, M-C, Couillard-Chénard, É, Lauzier, F, Francoeur, C, Francois, B, Gay, A, Anne-Laure, F, Ramali, M, HC, O, Ghosh, A, Osagie, R, Arachchige, M, Hartley, M, Cheung, W, Wong, H, Seigne, P, Eustace, J, O'Callaghan, A-M, O'Brien, F, Bamford, P, Reid, A, Cawley, K, Faulkner, M, Pickering, C, Raj, A, Tsinaslanidis, G, Khade, R, Agha, G, Sekiwala, R, Smith, T, Brewer, C, Gregory, J, Limb, J, Cowton, A, O’Brien, J, Postlethwaite, K, Malakouti, S, Music, E, Ricketts, D, King, A, Clermont, G, Bart, R, Mayr, F, Schoenling, A, Andreae, M, Shetty, V, Brant, E, Malley, B, Donadee, C, Sackrowitz, R, Weissman, A, Yealy, D, Barton, D, Talia, N, Nikitas, N, Wells, C, Lankester, L, McMillan, H, Van den Oever, H, Kruisdijk-Gerritsen, A, Haidar, G, Bain, W, Barbash, I, Fitzpatrick, M, Franz, C, Kitsios, G, Moghbeli, K, Rosborough, B, Shah, F, Suber, T, Pulletz, M, Williams, P, Birch, J, Wiseman, S, Horton, S, Alegria, A, Turki, S, Elsefi, T, Crisp, N, Allen, L, Truman, N, Smith, M, Chukkambotla, S, Goddard, W, Duberley, S, Khan, M, Kazi, A, Simpson, J, Duke, G, Chan, P, Carter, B, Hunter, S, Voigt, I, Schueler, R, Blank, E, Hüning, V, Steffen, M, Goralski, P, Litton, E, Regli, A, Pellicano, S, Palermo, A, Eroglu, E, Bihari, S, Laver, RD, Jin, X, Brown, J, McIntyre, J, French, C, Bates, S, Towns, M, Yang, Y, McGain, F, McCullagh, I, Cairns, T, Hanson, H, Patel, B, Clement, I, Evetts, G, Touma, O, Holland, S, Hodge, C, Taylor, H, Alderman, M, Barnes, N, Da Rocha, J, Smith, C, Brooks, N, Weerasinghe, T, Sinclair, J-A, Abusamra, Y, Doherty, R, Cudlipp, J, Singh, R, Yu, H, Daebis, A, Ng, C, Kendrick, S, Saran, A, Makky, A, Greener, D, Rowe-Leete, L, Edwards, A, Bland, Y, Dolman, R, Foster, T, Laffey, J, McNicholas, B, Scully, M, Casey, S, Kernan, M, Brennan, A, Rangan, R, Tully, R, Corbett, S, McCarthy, A, Duffy, O, Burke, D, Linnett, V, Sanderson, A, Ritzema, J, Wild, H, Lucas, R, Marriott, Y, Andric, Z, Cviljevic, S, Br, R, Zapalac, M, Mirković, G, Khare, D, Pinder, M, Gopinath, A, Kannan, T, Dean, S, Vanmali, P, Depuydt, P, De Waele, J, De Bus, L, Fierens, J, Bracke, S, Vermassen, J, Vermeiren, D, Pugh, R, Lean, R, Qiu, X, Scanlan, J, Evans, A, Davies, G, Lewis, J, Plesnikova, Y, Khoud, A, Coetzee, S, Puxty, K, Cathcart, S, Rimmer, D, Bagot, C, Scott, K, Martin, L, Yusuff, H, Isgro, G, Brightling, C, Bourne, M, Craner, M, Boyles, R, Alexander, B, Roberts, T, Nelli, A, Rosenstein-Sisson, R, Speyer, R, Pech, Y, McCullough, J, Tallott, M, Vazquez-Grande, G, Marten, N, Liu, T, Siddiqui, A, Khanal, S, Amatya, S, Szakmany, T, Cherian, S, Williams, G, James, C, Waters, A, Prout, R, Stedman, R, Davies, L, Pegler, S, Kyeremeh, L, Moorhouse, L, Arbane, G, Marotti, M, Bociek, A, Campos, S, Van Nieuwkoop, K, Ottens, T, Visser, Y, Van den Berg, L, Van der Kraan-Donker, A, Brett, S, Arias, S, Hall, R, Paneru, H, Koirala, S, Paudel, P, Wilson, M, Vaara, S, Pettilä, L, Heinonen, J, Pettilä, V, Jain, S, Gupta, A, Holbrook, C, Antoine, P, Meziani, F, Allam, H, Cattelan, J, Clere-Jehl, R, Helms, J, Kummerlen, C, Merdji, H, Monnier, A, Rahmani, H, Studer, A, Schneider, F, Castelain, V, Morel, G, L’Hotellier, S, Ochin, E, Vanjak, C, Rouge, P, Bendjemar, L, Albert, M, Serri, K, Cavayas, A, Duplaix, M, Williams, V, Catorze, NJTADS, Pereira, TNAL, Ferreira, RMC, Bastos, JMPS, Batista, TMO, Badie, J, Berdaguer, F, Malfroy, S, Mezher, C, Bourgoin, C, Moneger, G, Bouvier, E, Muñoz-Bermúdez, R, Marin-Corral, J, Degracia, A, Gómez, F, López, M, Aceto, R, Aghemo, A, Badalamenti, S, Brunetta, E, Cecconi, M, Ciccarelli, M, Constantini, E, Greco, M, Folci, M, Selmi, C, Voza, A, Henning, J, Bonner, S, Hugill, K, Cirstea, E, Wilkinson, D, Jones, J, Altomy, M, Karlikowski, M, Sutherland, H, Wilhelmsen, E, Woods, J, North, J, Pletz, M, Hagel, S, Ankert, J, Kolanos, S, Bloos, F, Simons, K, Van Zuylen, T, Bouman, A, Kumar, N, Panwar, R, Poulter, A-L, Sunkara, K, Szigligeti, G, Leszkoven, J, Rochwerg, B, Karachi, T, Oczkowski, S, Centofanti, J, Millen, T, Sundaran, D, Hollos, L, Turns, M, Walsh, J, Al Qasim, E, Alswaidan, L, Hegazy, M, Arishi, H, Al Amri, A, AlQahtani, S, Naidu, B, Tlayjeh, H, Hussain, S, Al Enezi, F, Abdukahil, SA, Hopkins, P, Noble, H, O’Reilly, K, Mehta, R, Wong, O, Makanju, E, Rao, D, Sikondari, N, Saha, S, Corcoran, E, Pappa, E, Cockrell, M, Donegan, C, Balaie, M, Nickoleit-Bitzenberger, D, Schaaf, B, Meermeier, W, Prebeg, K, Azzaui, H, Hower, M, Brieger, K-G, Elender, C, Sabelhaus, T, Riepe, A, Akamp, C, Kremling, J, Klein, D, Landsiedel-Mechenbier, E, Laha, S, Verlander, M, Jha, A, Megarbane, B, Voicu, S, Deye, N, Malissin, I, Sutterlin, L, Mrad, A, Lehalleur, A, Naim, G, Nguyen, P, Ekhérian, J-M, Boué, Y, Sidéris, G, Vodovar, D, Guérin, E, Grant, C, Brain, M, Mineall, S, Paramasivam, E, Wilby, E, Ogg, B, Howcroft, C, Aspinwall, A, Charlton, S, Gould, R, Mistry, D, Awan, S, Bedford, C, Carr-Wilkinson, J, Hall, A, Gardiner-Hill, C, Maloney, C, Brunskill, N, Watchorn, O, Hardy, C, Qureshi, H, Flint, N, Nicholson, S, Southin, S, Ghattaoraya, A, Harding, D, O’Halloran, S, Collins, A, Smith, E, Trues, E, Borgatta, B, Turner-Bone, I, Reddy, A, Wilding, L, Wilson, C, Surti, Z, Aneman, A, Miller, J, White, H, Estensen, K, Morrison, L, Sutton, J, Cooper, M, Warnapura, L, Agno, R, Sathianathan, P, Shaw, D, Ijaz, N, Spong, A, Sabaretnam, S, Burns, D, Lang, E, Tate, M, Fischer, R, Biradar, V, Soar, N, Golden, D, Davey, M, Seaman, R, Osborne, A, Bannard-Smith, J, Clark, R, Birchall, K, Henry, J, Pomeroy, F, Quayle, R, Wylie, K, Sukuraman, A, John, M, Sibin, S, Leditschke, A, Finnis, M, Jongebloed, K, Khwaja, K, Campisi, J, Van Vonderen, M, Pietersma, M, Vrolijk, L, Kampschreur, L, Van Gulik, L, Makowski, A, Misztal, B, Haider, S, Liao, A, Squires, R, Oborska, A, Kayani, A, Kalchko-Veyssal, S, Prabakaran, R, Hadebe, B, KalchkoVeyssal, S, Williams, T, Song, R, Morpeth, S, Lai, V, Habraken, H, Stewart, R, Mwaura, E, Mew, L, Wren, L, Willams, F, Sutherland, S-B, Rebello, R, Shehabi, Y, Al-Bassam, W, Hulley, A, Kadam, U, Sathianathan, K, Innes, R, Doble, P, Graham, L, Shovelton, C, Dean, T, Salahuddin, N, Aryal, D, Koirala, K, Rai, N, Luitel, S, Seppelt, I, Whitehead, C, Lowrey, J, Gresham, R, Masters, K, Hamlyn, V, Hawkins, N, Roynon-Reed, A, Cutler, S, Lewis, S, Lazaro, J, Newman, T, Aravindan, L, Asghar, A, Bartholomew, J, Bayne, M, Beddows, S, Birch, C, Brend, M, Byrne, R, Campbell, D, Campbell, H, Chambers, E, Clinton, A, Collins, J, Crawshaw, S, Dawson, LA, Donaldson, K, Drake, C, Dyas, S, Ellis, Y, Gilmour, K, Goodwin, J, Halden, S, Hall, AS, Hanson, J, Harper, H, Harrison, S, Hayes, A, Hodgson, H, Hurford, S-A, Jackson, S, Levett, C, Lock, S, Lockett, T, Logan, M, Lomme, K, Luo, J, Marsh, E, Mguni, N, Monaghan, H, Murphy, S, Muzengi, N, Naz, M, O'Kell, E, Oliver, A, O'Reilly, J, Pearson, K, Porter, D, Potter, A, Rook, C, Rounds, C, Sheffield, J, Shirley, K, Siewersk, C, Skinner, T, Speight, H, Sutu, M, Unsworth, A, Van’t Hoff, W, Walker, S, Williams, H, Williamson, D, Williamson, JD, Duan, E, Tsang, J, Patterson, L, Austin, P, Chapman, S, Cabrelli, L, Fletcher, S, Nortje, J, Fottrell-Gould, D, Randell, G, Stammers, K, Healey, G, Pinto, M, Borrill, Z, Duncan, T, Ustianowski, A, Uriel, A, Eltayeb, A, Alfonso, J, Hey, S, Shaw, J, Fox, C, Lindergard, G, Charles, B, Blackledge, B, Connolly, K, Harris, J, Cuesta, J, Xavier, K, Purohit, D, Elhassan, M, Haldeos, A, Vincent, R, Abdelrazik, M, Jenkins, S, Ganesan, A, Kumar, R, Carter, D, Bakthavatsalam, D, Frater, A, Saleem, M, Everitt, R, Hacking, D, Zaman, M, Elmahi, E, Jones, A, Hall, K, Phillips, M, Terrill, L, Mills, G, Raithatha, A, Bauchmuller, K, Ryalls, K, Harrington, K, Bowler, H, Sall, J, Bourne, R, Gross, J, Massey, N, Adebambo, O, Long, M, Tony, K, Juffermans, N, Koopmans, M, Dujardin, R, Alderink, B, Rowland, M, Hutton, P, Bashyal, A, Davidson, N, Hird, C, Chhablani, M, Phalod, G, Kirkby, A, Archer, S, Netherton, K, Reschreiter, H, Camsooksai, J, Patch, S, Humphrey, C, Flynn, G, Harrington, C, Kruger, P, Walsham, J, Meyer, J, Harward, M, Jones, C, Sathe, S, Roche, L, Davies, E, Skinner, D, Gaylard, J, Newman, J, Pogson, D, Rose, S, Daly, Z, Brimfield, L, Nown, A, Parekh, D, Bergin, C, Bates, M, McGhee, C, Lynch, D, Bhandal, K, Tsakiridou, K, Bamford, A, Cooper, L, Whitehouse, T, Veenith, T, Forster, E, O'Connell, M, Sim, M, Hay, S, Henderson, S, Nygren, M, Valentine, E, Katary, A, Bell, G, Wilcox, L, Mataliotakis, M, Smith, P, Ali, M, Isguzar, A, Phull, M-K, Zaidi, A, Pogreban, T, Rosaroso, L, Harvey, D, Lowe, B, Meredith, M, Ryan, L, Schouten, J, Pickkers, P, Roovers, N, Klop-Riehl, M, Van der Eng, H, Sloots-Cuppen, S, Preijers, L, Van Oosten, N, Moine, P, Heming, N, Maxime, V, Bossard, I, Nicholier, T, Clair, B, Orlikowski, D, Bounab, R, Abdeladim, L, Baker, S, Duroux, M, Ratcliffe, M, Sy, E, Mailman, J, Lee, S, Gupta, C, Kassir, S, López, R, Rodríguez-Gómez, J, Cárcel, S, Carmona, R, De la Fuente, C, Rodriguez, M, Jan Hassing, R, Greven, F, Huijbens, D, Roebers, L, Verheij, H, Miles, H, Attokaran, A, Buehner, U, Williams, E, Chapman, M, O’Connor, S, Glasby, K, Rivett, J, Brown, N, Kutsogiannis, D, Thompson, P, Rooney, K, Rodden, N, Thomson, N, McGlynn, D, Abel, L, Gemmell, L, Sundaram, R, Hornsby, J, Walden, A, Keating, L, Frise, M, Rai, S, Bartley, S, Schuster-Bruce, M, Pitts, S, Miln, R, Purandare, L, Vamplew, L, Dempster, D, Gummadi, M, Dormand, N, Wang, S, Spivey, M, Bean, S, Burt, K, Moore, L, Hammonds, F, Richards, C, Campbell, L, Smyth, K, Day, C, Zitter, L, Benyon, S, Singh, J, Lynch, C, Mikusek, J, Deacon, B, Turner, K, Baker, E, Hickey, J, Champanerkar, S, Aitken, L, LewisProsser, L, Ahmad, N, Wiles, M, Willson, J, Grecu, I, Martin, J, Wrey Brown, C, Arias, A-M, Bevan, E, Westlake, S, Craven, T, Hope, D, Singleton, J, Clark, S, McCulloch, C, Biddie, S, Welters, I, Hamilton, D, Williams, K, Waugh, V, Mulla, S, Waite, A, Roman, J, Martinez, M, Johnston, B, Puthucheary, Z, Martin, T, Santos, F, Uddin, R, Fernandez, M, Seidu, F, Somerville, A, Pakats, M-L, Begum, S, Shahid, T, Presneill, J, Barge, D, Byrne, K, Janin, P, Yarad, E, Bass, F, Hammond, N, Vuylsteke, A, Chan, C, Victor, S, Waterson, S, McNamara, R, Boardman, M, Gattas, D, Buhr, H, Coles, J, Matsa, R, Gellamucho, M, Creagh-Brown, B, Marriot, C, Salberg, A, Zouita, L, Stone, S, Michalak, N, Donlon, S, Mtuwa, S, Mayangao, I, Verula, J, Burda, D, Harris, C, Jones, E, Bradley, P, Tarr, E, Harden, L, Piercy, C, Nolan, J, Kerslake, I, Cook, T, Simpson, T, Dalton, J, Demetriou, C, Mitchard, S, Ramos, L, White, K, Johnson, T, Headdon, W, Spencer, S, White, A, Howie, L, Reay, M, Watts, A, Traverse, E, Jennings, S, Anumakonda, V, Tuckwell, C, Harrow, K, Matthews, J, McGarry, K, Moore, V, Smith, L, Summerfield, A, Dark, P, Harvey, A, Doonan, R, McMorrow, L, Knowles, K, Pendlebury, J, Perez, J, Marsden, T, Taylor, M, Michael, A, Collis, M, Claxton, A, Habeichi, W, Horner, D, Slaughter, M, Thomas, V, Proudfoot, N, Keatley, C, Donnison, P, Casey, R, Irving, B, Matimba-Mupaya, W, Reed, C, Anthony, A, Trim, F, Cambalova, L, Robertson, D, Wilson, A, Hulme, J, Kannan, S, Kinney, F, Senya, H, Ratnam, V, Gill, M, Kirk, J, Shelton, S, Schweikert, S, Wibrow, B, Anstey, M, Rauniyar, R, Khoso, N, Asif, N, Taqdees, H, Frey, C, Scano, R, McKee, M, Murphy, P, Thomas, M, Worner, R, Faulkner, B, Gendall, E, Hayes, K, Blakemore, H, Borislavova, B, Deshpande, K, Van Haren, F, Konecny, P, Inskip, D, Tung, R, Hayes, L, Murphy, L, Neill, A, Reidy, B, O’Dwyer, M, Ryan, D, Ainscough, K, Hamilton-Davies, C, Mfuko, C, Abbass, H, Mandadapu, V, Leaver, S, Patel, K, Farnell-Ward, S, Saluzzio, R, Rawlins, S, Sicat, C, De Keulenaer, B, Ferrier, J, Fysh, E, Davda, A, Mevavala, B, Cook, D, Clarke, F, Banach, D, Fernández de Pinedo Artaraz, Z, Cabreros, L, Latham, V, Kruisselbrink, R, Brochard, L, Burns, K, Sandhu, G, Khalid, I, White, I, Croft, M, Holland, N, Pereira, R, Nair, P, Buscher, H, Reynolds, C, Newman, S, Santamaria, J, Barbazza, L, Homes, J, Smith, R, Zaki, A, Johnson, D, Garrard, H, Juhaz, V, Brown, L, Pemberton, A, Roy, A, Rostron, A, Woods, L, Cornell, S, Fowler, R, Adhikari, N, Kamra, M, Marinoff, N, Garrett, P, Murray, L, Brailsford, J, Fennessy, G, Mulder, J, Morgan, R, Pillai, S, Harford, R, Ivatt, H, Evans, D, Richards, S, Roberts, E, Bowen, J, Ainsworth, J, Kuitunen, A, Karlsson, S, Vahtera, A, Kiiski, H, Ristimäki, S, Albrett, J, Jackson, C, Kirkham, S, Tamme, K, Reinhard, V, Ellervee, A, Põldots, L, Rennit, P, Svitškar, N, Browne, T, Grimwade, K, Goodson, J, Keet, O, Callender, O, Udy, A, McCracken, P, Young, M, Board, J, Martin, E, Kasipandian, V, Patel, A, Allibone, S, Mary-Genetu, R, English, S, Watpool, I, Porteous, R, Miezitis, S, McIntyre, L, Brady, K, Vale, C, Shekar, K, Lavana, J, Parmar, D, Peake, S, Kurenda, C, Hormis, A, Walker, R, Collier, D, Kimpton, S, Oakley, S, Bhagani, S, De Neef, M, Garcia, S, Maharajh, A, Nandani, A, Dobson, J, Fernando, G, Eastgate, C, Gomez, K, Abdi, Z, Tatham, K, Jhanji, S, Black, E, Dela Rosa, A, Howle, R, Baikady, R, Drummond, A, Dearden, J, Philbin, J, Munt, S, Gopal, S, Pooni, J-S, Ganguly, S, Smallwood, A, Metherell, S, Naeem, A, Fagan, L, Ryan, E, Mariappa, V, Foulds, A, Revill, A, Bhattarai, B, De Jonge, E, Wigbers, J, Del Prado, M, Cremer, O, Mulier, J, Peters, A, Romberg, B, Schutgens, R, Troeman, D, Van Opdorp, M, Besten, H, Brakké, K, Barber, R, Hilldrith, A, Kluge, S, Nierhaus, A, Jarczak, D, Roedl, K, Kochanek, M, Rueß-Paterno, G, Mc-Kenzie, J, Eichenauer, D, Shimabukuro-Vornhagen, A, Wilcox, E, Del Sorbo, L, Abdelhady, H, Romagnuolo, T, Simpson, S, Maiden, M, Horton, M, Trickey, J, Krajinovic, V, Kutleša, M, Kotarski, V, Brohi, F, Jagannathan, V, Clark, M, Purvis, S, Wetherill, B, Brajković, A, Babel, J, Sever, H, Dragija, L, Kušan, I, Dushianthan, A, Cusack, R, De Courcy-Golder, K, Salmon, K, Burnish, R, Smith, S, Ruiz, W, Duke, Z, Johns, M, Male, M, Gladas, K, Virdee, S, Swabe, J, Tomlinson, H, Rohde, G, Grünewaldt, A, Bojunga, J, Petros, S, Kunz, K, Schütze, B, Weismann, D, Frey, A, Drayss, M, Goebeler, ME, Flor, T, Fragner, G, Wahl, N, Totzke, J, Sayehli, C, Hakak, S, Altaf, W, O'Sullivan, M, Murphy, A, Walsh, L, Rega La Valle, A, Bewley, J, Sweet, K, Grimmer, L, Johnson, R, Wyatt, R, Morgan, K, Varghese, S, Willis, J, Stratton, E, Kyle, L, Putensen, D, Drury, K, Skorko, A, Bremmer, P, Ward, G, Bassford, C, Sligl, W, Baig, N, Rewa, O, Bagshaw, S, Basile, K, Stavor, D, Burbee, D, McNamara, A, Wunderley, R, Bensen, N, Adams, P, Vita, T, Buhay, M, Scholl, D, Gilliam, M, Winters, J, Doherty, K, Berryman, E, Ghaffari, M, Marroquin, O, Quinn, K, Garrard, W, Kalchthaler, K, Beard, G, Skrtich, A, Bagavathy, K, Drapola, D, Bryan-Morris, K, Arnold, J, Reynolds, B, Hussain, M, Dunsavage, J, Saiyed, S, Hernandez, E, Goldman, J, Brown, C, Comp, S, Raczek, J, Morris, J, Vargas Jr., J, Weiss, D, Hensley, J, Kochert, E, Wnuk, C, Nemeth, C, Mowery, B, Hutchinson, C, Winters, L, McAdams, D, Walker, G, Minnier, T, Wisniewski, M, Mayak, K, McCreary, E, Bariola, R, Viehman, A, Daley, J, Lopus, A, Schmidhofer, M, Ambrosino, R, Keen, S, Toffalo, S, Stambaugh, M, Trimmer, K, Perri, R, Casali, S, Medva, R, Massar, B, Beyerl, A, Burkey, J, Keeler, S, Lowery, M, Oncea, L, Daugherty, J, Sevilla, C, Woelke, A, Dice, J, Weber, L, Roth, J, Ferringer, C, Beer, D, Fesz, J, Carpio, L, Colin, G, Zinzoni, V, Maquigneau, N, Henri-Lagarrigue, M, Pouplet, C, Reill, L, Distler, M, Maselli, A, Martynoga, R, Trask, K, Butler, A, Attwood, B, Parsons, P, Campbell, B, Smith, A, Page, V, Zhao, X, Oza, D, Abrahamson, G, Sheath, B, Young, P, Young, C, Lesona, E, Navarra, L, Cruz, R, Delaney, K, Aguilar-Dano, A, Gojanovic, M, Rhodes, J, Anderson, T, Morris, S, Nayyar, V, Bowen, D, Kong, J, Joy, J, Fuchs, R, Lambert, B, Tai, C, Thomas, A, Keen, A, Tierney, C, Omer, N, Bacon, G, Tridente, A, Shuker, K, Anders, J, Greer, S, Scott, P, Millington, A, Buchanan, P, Binnie, A, Powell, E, McMillan, A, Luk, T, Aref, N, Denmade, C, Sadera, G, Jacob, R, Hughes, D, Sterba, M, Geng, W, Digby, S, Southern, D, Reddy, H, Hulse, S, Campbell, A, Garton, M, Watkins, C, Smuts, S, Quinn, A, Simpson, B, McMillan, C, Finch, C, Hill, C, Cooper, J, Budd, J, Small, C, O’Leary, R, Collins, E, Holland, A, Alexander, P, Felton, T, Ferguson, S, Sellers, K, Ward, L, Yates, D, Birkinshaw, I, Kell, K, Scott, Z, Pearson, H, Hashmi, M, Hassan, N, Panjwani, A, Umrani, Z, Shaikh, M, Ain, Q, Kanwal, D, Van Bree, S, Bouw-Ruiter, M, Osinga, M, Van Zanten, A, McEldrew, R, Rashan, S, Singh, V, Azergui, N, Bari, S, Beltran, M, Brugman, C, Groeneveld, E, Jafarzadeh, M, Keijzer-Timmers, N, Kester, E, Koelink, M, Kwakkenbos-Craanen, M, Okundaye, C, Parker, L, Peters, S, Post, S, Rietveld, I, Scheepstra-Beukers, I, Schreuder, G, Smit, A, Brillinger, N, Markgraf, R, Eichinger, F, Doran, P, Anjum, A, Best-Lane, J, Barton, F, Miller, L, Richards-Belle, A, Saull, M, Sprinckmoller, S, Wiley, D, Darnell, R, Au, C, Lindstrum, K, Cheng, A, Forbes, A, Heritier, S, Trapani, T, Cuthbertson, B, Manoharan, V, Dondrop, A, Tolppa, T, Ehrmann, S, Hullegie, S, Povoa, P, Beasley, R, Daneman, N, McGloughlin, S, Paterson, D, Venkatesh, B, De Jong, M, Uyeki, T, Baillie, K, Netea, M, Orr, K, Patanwala, A, Tong, S, Cooper, N, Galea, J, Leavis, H, Ogungbenro, K, Patawala, A, Rademaker, E, Youngstein, T, Carrier, M, Fergusson, D, Hunt, B, Kumar, A, Laffan, M, Lother, S, Middeldorp, S, Stanworth, S, De Man, A, Masse, M-H, Abraham, J, Arnold, D, Begin, P, Charlewood, R, Chasse, M, Coyne, M, Daly, J, Gosbell, I, Harvala-Simmonds, H, MacLennan, S, McDyer, J, Menon, D, Pridee, N, Roberts, D, Thomas, H, Tinmouth, A, Triulzi, D, Walsh, T, Wood, E, Calfee, C, O’Kane, C, Shyamsundar, M, Sinha, P, Thompson, T, Young, I, Burrell, A, Ferguson, N, Hodgson, C, Orford, N, Phua, J, Baron, R, Epelman, S, Frankfurter, C, Gommans, F, Kim, E, Leaf, D, Vaduganathan, M, Van Kimmenade, R, Sanil, A, Van Beurden, M, Effelaar, E, Schotsman, J, Boyd, C, Harland, C, Shearer, A, Wren, J, Attanayaka, U, Darshana, S, Ishani, P, Udayanga, I, Higgins, AM, Berry, LR, Lorenzi, E, Murthy, S, McQuilten, Z, Mouncey, PR, Al-Beidh, F, Annane, D, Arabi, YM, Beane, A, Van Bentum-Puijk, W, Bhimani, Z, Bonten, MJM, Bradbury, CA, Brunkhorst, FM, Buzgau, A, Buxton, M, Charles, WN, Cove, M, Detry, MA, Estcourt, LJ, Fagbodun, EO, Fitzgerald, M, Girard, TD, Goligher, EC, Goossens, H, Haniffa, R, Hills, T, Horvat, CM, Huang, DT, Ichihara, N, Lamontagne, F, Marshall, JC, McAuley, DF, McGlothlin, A, McGuinness, SP, McVerry, BJ, Neal, MD, Nichol, AD, Parke, RL, Parker, JC, Parry-Billings, K, Peters, SEC, Reyes, LF, Rowan, KM, Saito, H, Santos, MS, Saunders, CT, Serpa-Neto, A, Seymour, CW, Shankar-Hari, M, Stronach, LM, Turgeon, AF, Turner, AM, Van de Veerdonk, FL, Zarychanski, R, Green, C, Lewis, RJ, Angus, DC, McArthur, CJ, Berry, S, Derde, LPG, Gordon, AC, Webb, SA, Lawler, PR, Comm REMAP-CAP Investigators, Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, Intensive Care Medicine, Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines - UFR Sciences de la santé Simone Veil (UVSQ Santé), Université de Versailles Saint-Quentin-en-Yvelines (UVSQ), Hôpital Raymond Poincaré [Garches], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP), Pittsburgh Foundation, PF, Amgen, Health Research Board, HRB: CTN 2014-012, Horizon 2020 Framework Programme, H2020: 101003589, Translational Breast Cancer Research Consortium, TBCRC, Canadian Institutes of Health Research, IRSC: 158584, Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada, HSF, National Institute for Health and Care Research, NIHR, European Commission, EC, National Health and Medical Research Council, NHMRC: 1101719, APP194811, CS-2016-16-011, GNT2008447, RP-2015-06-18, Office of Health and Medical Research, OHMR, Health Research Council of New Zealand, HRC: 16/631, Eisai, Ministère des Affaires Sociales et de la Santé: PHRC-20-0147, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, UPMC, NIHR Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, BRC, Minderoo Foundation, Funding/Support : The Platform for European Preparedness Against (Re-) emerging Epidemics (PREPARE) consortium by the European Union, FP7-HEALTH-2013-INNOVATION-1 (#602525), the Rapid European COVID-19 Emergency Research response (RECOVER) consortium by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (#101003589), the Australian National Health and Medical Research Council (#APP1101719), the Australian Medical Research Future Fund (#APP2002132), the Health Research Council of New Zealand (#16/631), the Canadian Institutes of Health Research Strategy for Patient-Oriented Research Innovative Clinical Trials Program Grant (#158584) and the Canadian Institute of Health Research COVID-19 Rapid Research Funding (#447335), the UK National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) and the NIHR Imperial Biomedical Research Centre, the Health Research Board of Ireland (CTN 2014-012), the UPMC Learning While Doing Program, the Translational Breast Cancer Research Consortium, the French Ministry of Health (PHRC-20-0147), the Wellcome Trust Innovations Project (215522), the Minderoo Foundation, the EU Programme Emergency Support Instrument, the NHS Blood and Transplant Research and Development Programme, the Translational Breast Cancer Research Consortium, the NSW Office of Health and Medical Research, Amgen, Eisai, and the Pittsburgh Foundation. Dr Higgins is funded by an NHMRC Emerging Leadership Fellowship (GNT2008447). Dr McQuilten is funded by an NHMRC Emerging Leadership Fellowship (APP194811). Dr Gordon is funded by an NIHR Research Professorship (RP-2015-06-18) and Dr Shankar-Hari by an NIHR Clinician Scientist Fellowship (CS-2016-16-011). Dr Turgeon is the Chairholder of the Canada Research Chair in Critical Care Neurology and Trauma. Dr Lawler is supported by a career award from the Heart and Stroke Foundation of Canada., and European Project: 602525,EC:FP7:HEALTH,FP7-HEALTH-2013-INNOVATION-1,PREPARE(2014)

Subjects
Adult, Male, corticosteroid, [SDV]Life Sciences [q-bio], Critical Illness, lnfectious Diseases and Global Health Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences [Radboudumc 4], antiplatelet, Lopinavir, Adaptive platform trial randomized controlled trial intensive care, pneumonia COVID-19 antiplatelet immunoglobulin antiviral corticosteroid immune modulation anticoagulation, All institutes and research themes of the Radboud University Medical Center, Adrenal Cortex Hormones, Humans, anticoagulation, intensive care, pneumonia, COVID-19 Serotherapy, Original Investigation, Medicine(all), immune modulation, Ritonavir, SARS-CoV-2, COVID-19, Anticoagulants, Bayes Theorem, General Medicine, Middle Aged, antiviral, Receptors, Interleukin-6, Adaptive platform trial, randomized controlled trial, Female, Human medicine, immunoglobulin, Follow-Up Studies, Hydroxychloroquine
Abstract

ImportanceThe longer-term effects of therapies for the treatment of critically ill patients with COVID-19 are unknown.ObjectiveTo determine the effect of multiple interventions for critically ill adults with COVID-19 on longer-term outcomes.Design, Setting, and ParticipantsPrespecified secondary analysis of an ongoing adaptive platform trial (REMAP-CAP) testing interventions within multiple therapeutic domains in which 4869 critically ill adult patients with COVID-19 were enrolled between March 9, 2020, and June 22, 2021, from 197 sites in 14 countries. The final 180-day follow-up was completed on March 2, 2022.InterventionsPatients were randomized to receive 1 or more interventions within 6 treatment domains: immune modulators (n = 2274), convalescent plasma (n = 2011), antiplatelet therapy (n = 1557), anticoagulation (n = 1033), antivirals (n = 726), and corticosteroids (n = 401).Main Outcomes and MeasuresThe main outcome was survival through day 180, analyzed using a bayesian piecewise exponential model. A hazard ratio (HR) less than 1 represented improved survival (superiority), while an HR greater than 1 represented worsened survival (harm); futility was represented by a relative improvement less than 20% in outcome, shown by an HR greater than 0.83.ResultsAmong 4869 randomized patients (mean age, 59.3 years; 1537 [32.1%] women), 4107 (84.3%) had known vital status and 2590 (63.1%) were alive at day 180. IL-6 receptor antagonists had a greater than 99.9% probability of improving 6-month survival (adjusted HR, 0.74 [95% credible interval {CrI}, 0.61-0.90]) and antiplatelet agents had a 95% probability of improving 6-month survival (adjusted HR, 0.85 [95% CrI, 0.71-1.03]) compared with the control, while the probability of trial-defined statistical futility (HR >0.83) was high for therapeutic anticoagulation (99.9%; HR, 1.13 [95% CrI, 0.93-1.42]), convalescent plasma (99.2%; HR, 0.99 [95% CrI, 0.86-1.14]), and lopinavir-ritonavir (96.6%; HR, 1.06 [95% CrI, 0.82-1.38]) and the probabilities of harm from hydroxychloroquine (96.9%; HR, 1.51 [95% CrI, 0.98-2.29]) and the combination of lopinavir-ritonavir and hydroxychloroquine (96.8%; HR, 1.61 [95% CrI, 0.97-2.67]) were high. The corticosteroid domain was stopped early prior to reaching a predefined statistical trigger; there was a 57.1% to 61.6% probability of improving 6-month survival across varying hydrocortisone dosing strategies.Conclusions and RelevanceAmong critically ill patients with COVID-19 randomized to receive 1 or more therapeutic interventions, treatment with an IL-6 receptor antagonist had a greater than 99.9% probability of improved 180-day mortality compared with patients randomized to the control, and treatment with an antiplatelet had a 95.0% probability of improved 180-day mortality compared with patients randomized to the control. Overall, when considered with previously reported short-term results, the findings indicate that initial in-hospital treatment effects were consistent for most therapies through 6 months.

Published
2023

18. Telemonitoring for patients with COVID-19 in outpatient care: first results of the study 'COVID-19@Home'

Author

Müller, B, Holtz, S, Köhler, S, Kuhn, S, Deutsch, K, Vogelmeier, C, Dauletbayev, N, Niekrenz, L, Dreher, M, Euler, T, Bellinghausen, C, and Rohde, G

Subjects
ddc: 610, Medicine and health
Abstract

Background and status of (inter)national research: The role of telemedicine in outpatient care has increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. Studies about positive or negative effects of telemedicine on patients with COVID-19 are still scarce. Additionally, there is a lack of knowledge about the course [for full text, please go to the a.m. URL]

Published
2021
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20. 1336P Small cell transformation in EGFR-mutated non-small cell lung cancer (EGFR+ NSCLC): Efficacy of immune checkpoint inhibitors or tyrosine kinase inhibitors combined with platinum-based chemotherapy

Author

Saalfeld, F.C., Möller, J., Michels, S., Grohe, C., Wiesweg, M., Schubart, C., Alt, J., Griesinger, F., Kauffmann-Guerrero, D., Kulhavy, J., Overbeck, T.R., Pelusi, N., Rohde, G., Wesseler, C., Vathiotis, I., Veluswamy, R., Illini, O.M., Rothschild, S.I., Christopoulos, P., and Wermke, M.

Published
2023
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25. Experimental evidence for a metastable state in FeTe$_{1−x}Se_{x}$ following coherent-phonon excitation

Author

Yang, L. X., Rohde, G., Chen, Y. J., Shi, W. J., Liu, Z. K., Chen, F., Chen, Y. L., Rossnagel, K., and Bauer, Michael

Subjects
ddc:620
Abstract

Journal of electron spectroscopy and related phenomena 250, 147085 (2021). doi:10.1016/j.elspec.2021.147085, Changes of the electronic structure of FeTe$_{1−x}Se_{x}$ (x = 0, 0.3) upon ultrafast excitation with near-infrared laser pulses are investigated using time- and angle-resolved extreme ultraviolet photoemission spectroscopy. At different temperatures and for different doping levels we observe a global oscillation of energy bands near the Fermi energy driven by the coherent excitation of the A$_{1g}$(Te) phonon mode inFeTe$_{1−x}Se_{x}$. Prominently, photo-induced band shifts and a spectral weight reduction persist for at least 300 ps, long after the decay of the photo-excited carriers and the damping of the coherent phonons. We argue that the system escapes from the original equilibrium state and is transiently trapped in a possibly metastable state envisioning a purely optical means of manipulating the electronic structure in an iron-based superconductor., Published by Elsevier, New York, NY [u.a.]

Published
2021

33. The randomized embedded multifactorial adaptive platform for community-acquired pneumonia (REMAP-CAP) study: rationale and design

Author

Angus, DC, Berry, S, Lewis, RJ, Al-Beidh, F, Arabi, Y, Van Bentum-Puijk, W, Bhimani, Z, Bonten, M, Broglio, K, Brunkhorst, F, Cheng, AC, Chiche, J-D, De Jong, M, Detry, M, Goossens, H, Gordon, A, Green, C, Higgins, AM, Hullegie, SJ, Kruger, P, Lamontagne, F, Litton, E, Marshall, J, McGlothlin, A, McGuinness, S, Mouncey, P, Murthy, S, Nichol, A, O'Neill, GK, Parke, R, Parker, J, Rohde, G, Rowan, K, Turner, A, Young, P, Derde, L, McArthur, C, Webb, SA, and NIHR

Subjects
Respiratory System, 1103 Clinical Sciences
Abstract

There is broad interest in improved methods to generate robust evidence regarding best practice, especially in settings where patient conditions are heterogenous and require multiple concomitant therapies. Here, we present the rationale and design of a large, international trial that combines features of adaptive platform trials with pragmatic point-of-care trials to determine best treatment strategies for patients admitted to an intensive care unit with severe community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). The trial uses a novel design entitled a randomized embedded multifactorial adaptive platform (REMAP). The design has 5 key features: i.) randomization, allowing robust causal inference; ii.) embedding of study procedures into routine care processes, facilitating enrollment, trial efficiency, and generalizability; iii.) a multifactorial statistical model comparing multiple interventions across multiple patient subgroups; iv.) response-adaptive randomization with preferential assignment to those interventions that appear most favorable, and v.) a platform structured to permit continuous, potentially perpetual enrollment beyond the evaluation of the initial treatments. The trial randomizes patients to multiple interventions within 4 treatment domains: antibiotics, antiviral therapy for influenza, host immunomodulation with extended macrolide therapy, and alternative corticosteroid regimens, representing 240 treatment regimens. The trial generates estimates of superiority, inferiority and equivalence between regimens on the primary outcome of 90-day mortality, stratified by presence or absence of concomitant shock and proven or suspected influenza infection. The trial will also compare ventilatory and oxygenation strategies and has capacity to address additional questions rapidly during pandemic respiratory infections. As of January 2020, REMAP-CAP was approved and enrolling patients in 52 ICUs in 13 countries in 3 continents. In February, it transitioned into pandemic mode with several design adaptations for COVID-19 disease. Lessons learned from the design and conduct of this trial should aid in dissemination of similar platform initiatives in other disease areas. Clinical trial registered with ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT02735707)

Published
2020

34. Effectiveness of tobacco warning labels before and after implementation of the European Tobacco Products Directive—findings from the longitudinal EUREST-PLUS ITC Europe surveys

Author

Gravely, S. Driezen, P. Kyriakos, C.N. Thompson, M.E. Balmford, J. Demjén, T. Fernández, E. Mons, U. Tountas, Y. Janik-Koncewicz, K. Zatoński, W. Trofor, A.C. Vardavas, C.I. Fong, G.T. Glahn, A. Nguyen, D. Nikitara, K. Radu-Loghin, C. Starchenko, P. Tsatsakis, A. Girvalaki, C. Igoumenaki, C. Papadakis, S. Papathanasaki, A. Tzatzarakis, M. Vardavas, A.I. Bécuwe, N. Deaconu, L. Goudet, S. Hanley, C. Rivière, O. Kiss, J. Kovacs, A.P. Castellano, Y. Fu, M. Nogueira, S.O. Tigova, O. McNeill, A. East, K. Hitchman, S.C. Kahnert, S. Behrakis, P. Filippidis, F.T. Gratziou, C. Katsaounou, P. Peleki, T. Petroulia, I. Tzavara, C. Eremia, M. Lotrean, L. Mihaltan, F. Rohde, G. Asano, T. Cichon, C. Far, A. Genton, C. Jessner, M. Hedman, L. Janson, C. Lindberg, A. Maguire, B. Ravara, S. Vaccaro, V. Ward, B. Willemsen, M. De Vries, H. Hummel, K. Nagelhout, G.E. Herbeć, A. Przewoźniak, K. Zatoński, M. Agar, T.K. Quah, A.C.K. EUREST-PLUS Consortium

Abstract

Background: Tobacco product packaging is a key part of marketing efforts to make tobacco use appealing. In contrast, large, prominent health warnings are intended to inform individuals about the risks of smoking. In the European Union, since May 2016, the Tobacco Products Directive 2014/40/EU (TPD2) requires tobacco product packages to carry combined health warnings consisting of a picture, a text warning and information on stop smoking services, covering 65% of the front and back of the packages. Methods: Key measures of warning label effectiveness (salience, cognitive reactions and behavioural reaction) before and after implementation of the TPD2, determinants of warning labels’ effectiveness and country differences were examined in a longitudinal sample of 6011 adult smokers from Germany, Greece, Hungary, Poland, Romania and Spain (EUREST-PLUS Project) using longitudinal Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE) models. Results: In the pooled sample, the warning labels’ effectiveness increased significantly over time in terms of salience (adjusted OR ¼ 1.18; 95% CI: 1.03–1.35), while cognitive and behavioural reactions did not show clear increases. Generally, among women, more highly educated smokers and less addicted smokers, the effectiveness of warning labels tended to be higher. Conclusion: We found an increase in salience, but no clear increases for cognitive and behavioural reactions to the new warning labels as required by the TPD2. While it is likely that our study underestimated the impact of the new pictorial warning labels, it provides evidence that health messages on tobacco packaging are more salient when supported by large pictures. ......................................................................................................... © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Public Health Association. All rights reserved.

Published
2020

35. Impact of the Tobacco Products Directive on self-reported exposure to e-cigarette advertising, promotion and sponsorship in smokers—findings from the EUREST-PLUS ITC Europe Surveys

Author

Gravely, S. Driezen, P. Kyriakos, C.N. Thompson, M.E. Balmford, J. Demjén, T. Fernández, E. Mons, U. Tountas, Y. Janik-Koncewicz, K. Zatoński, W. Trofor, A.C. Vardavas, C.I. Fong, G.T. Glahn, A. Nguyen, D. Nikitara, K. Radu-Loghin, C. Starchenko, P. Tsatsakis, A. Girvalaki, C. Igoumenaki, C. Papadakis, S. Papathanasaki, A. Tzatzarakis, M. Vardavas, A.I. Bécuwe, N. Deaconu, L. Goudet, S. Hanley, C. Rivière, O. Kiss, J. Kovacs, A.P. Castellano, Y. Fu, M. Nogueira, S.O. Tigova, O. McNeill, A. East, K. Hitchman, S.C. Kahnert, S. Behrakis, P. Filippidis, F.T. Gratziou, C. Katsaounou, P. Peleki, T. Petroulia, I. Tzavara, C. Eremia, M. Lotrean, L. Mihaltan, F. Rohde, G. Asano, T. Cichon, C. Far, A. Genton, C. Jessner, M. Hedman, L. Janson, C. Lindberg, A. Maguire, B. Ravara, S. Vaccaro, V. Ward, B. Willemsen, M. De Vries, H. Hummel, K. Nagelhout, G.E. Herbeć, A. Przewoźniak, K. Zatoński, M. Agar, T.K. Quah, A.C.K. EUREST-PLUS Consortium

Abstract

Background: Advertising, promotion and sponsorship of electronic cigarettes (ECAPS) have increased in recent years. Since May 2016, the Tobacco Products Directive 2014/40/EU (TPD2) prohibits ECAPS in various advertising channels, including media that have cross-border effects. The objective of this study was to investigate changes in exposure to ECAPS in a cohort of smokers from six European Union member states after implementation of TPD2. Methods: Self-reported exposure to ECAPS overall and in various media and localities was examined over two International Tobacco Control Policy Evaluation survey waves (2016 and 2018) in a cohort of 6011 adult smokers from Germany, Greece, Hungary, Poland, Romania and Spain (EUREST-PLUS Project) using longitudinal generalized estimating equations models. Results: Self-reported ECAPS exposure at both timepoints varied between countries and across examined advertising channels. Overall, there was a significant increase in ECAPS exposure [adjusted odds ratio (aOR): 1.25, 95% CI: 1.09–1.44]. Between waves, no consistent patterns of change in ECAPS exposure across countries and different media were observed. Generally, ECAPS exposure tended to decline in some channels regulated by TPD2, particularly on television and radio, while exposure tended to increase in some unregulated channels, such as at points of sale. Conclusions: The findings suggest that the TPD2 was generally effective in reducing ECAPS in regulated channels. Nonetheless, further research is warranted to evaluate its role in reducing ECAPS exposure, possibly by triangulation with additional sources of data. © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Public Health Association. All rights reserved.

Published
2020

36. Transitions from and to roll-your-own tobacco, perceptions and health beliefs among smokers: findings from the EUREST-PLUS ITC Europe Surveys

Author

Filippidis, F.T. Driezen, P. Kyriakos, C.N. Katsaounou, P. Petroulia, I. Girvalaki, C. Fu, M. Fernández, E. Mons, U. Trofor, A.C. Demjén, T. Przewoźniak, K. Zatoński, W.A. Fong, G.T. Tountas, Y. Vardavas, C.I. Glahn, A. Nguyen, D. Nikitara, K. Radu-Loghin, C. Starchenko, P. Tsatsakis, A. Igoumenaki, C. Papadakis, S. Papathanasaki, A. Tzatzarakis, M. Vardavas, A.I. Bécuwe, N. Deaconu, L. Goudet, S. Hanley, C. Rivière, O. Kiss, J. Kovacs, A.P. Castellano, Y. Nogueira, S.O. Tigova, O. McNeill, A. East, K. Hitchman, S.C. Kahnert, S. Behrakis, P. Gratziou, C. Peleki, T. Tzavara, C. Eremia, M. Lotrean, L. Mihaltan, F. Rohde, G. Asano, T. Cichon, C. Far, A. Genton, C. Jessner, M. Hedman, L. Janson, C. Lindberg, A. Maguire, B. Ravara, S. Vaccaro, V. Ward, B. Willemsen, M. De Vries, H. Hummel, K. Nagelhout, G.E. Herbeć, A. Janik-Koncewicz, K. Zatoński, M. Agar, T.K. Gravely, S. Quah, A.C.K. Thompson, M.E. EUREST-PLUS Consortium

Abstract

Background: The prevalence of roll-your-own tobacco (RYO) in Europe has been increasing. The aim of this study was to investigate transitions between factory-made (FM) cigarettes and RYO in a longitudinal sample of European smokers, and their perceptions of relative harmfulness and knowledge of health effects. Methods: We used data collected from the EUREST-PLUS ITC 6 European Country (6E) Surveys in 2016 (n ¼ 6011 smokers) and in 2018 (n ¼ 6027) in Germany, Greece, Hungary, Poland, Romania and Spain. A total of 3195 cohort respondents were interviewed in both years. Use of RYO and FM, knowledge of health effects of smoking as well as perceptions about RYO were assessed. We used logistic regression models to explore sociodemographic correlates of transitions from one product to the other, of perceptions and knowledge related to smoking health effects. Results: Approximately 7.4% of exclusive FM smokers transitioned to RYO and 29.5% of exclusive RYO smokers transitioned to FM cigarettes from 2016 to 2018. RYO use in 2018 was more frequent among smokers of low education and income, but none of these factors were associated with transitions. Most RYO smokers perceived RYO as cheaper than FM and 21.7% of them considered RYO to be less harmful than FM. Knowledge of the health effects of smoking was not associated with type of product smoked. Conclusions: RYO is popular among European smokers; its lower cost seems to be a major factor for RYO users; reasons for transitions to and from RYO are less clear and need to be further investigated. © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Public Health Association.

Published
2020

37. Evaluating the impact of introducing standardized packaging with larger health-warning labels in England: findings from adult smokers within the EUREST-PLUS ITC Europe Surveys

Author

Aleyan, S. Driezen, P. Kyriakos, C.N. Thompson, M.E. Balmford, J. Demjén, T. Fernández, E. Mons, U. Tountas, Y. Janik-Koncewicz, K. Zatoński, W. Trofor, A.C. Vardavas, C.I. Fong, G.T. Glahn, A. Nguyen, D. Nikitara, K. Radu-Loghin, C. Starchenko, P. Tsatsakis, A. Girvalaki, C. Igoumenaki, C. Papadakis, S. Papathanasaki, A. Tzatzarakis, M. Vardavas, A.I. Bécuwe, N. Deaconu, L. Goudet, S. Hanley, C. Rivière, O. Kiss, J. Kovacs, A.P. Castellano, Y. Fu, M. Nogueira, S.O. Tigova, O. McNeill, A. East, K. Hitchman, S.C. Kahnert, S. Behrakis, P. Filippidis, F.T. Gratziou, C. Katsaounou, P. Peleki, T. Petroulia, I. Tzavara, C. Eremia, M. Lotrean, L. Mihaltan, F. Rohde, G. Asano, T. Cichon, C. Far, A. Genton, C. Jessner, M. Hedman, L. Janson, C. Lindberg, A. Maguire, B. Ravara, S. Vaccaro, V. Ward, B. Willemsen, M. De Vries, H. Hummel, K. Nagelhout, G.E. Herbeć, A. Przewoźniak, K. Zatoński, M. Agar, T.K. Quah, A.C.K. EUREST-PLUS Consortium

Abstract

Background: The European (EU) Tobacco Product Directive (TPD) was implemented in May 2016 to regulate the design and labelling of cigarettes and roll-your-own tobacco. At the same time, the UK introduced standardized packaging measures, whereas Germany, Greece, Hungary, Poland, Romania and Spain did not. This study examines the impact of introducing standardized packaging in England using a quasi-experimental design. Methods: Data from adult smokers in Waves 1 (2016; N¼9547) and 2 (2018; N¼9724) from the International Tobacco Control Policy Evaluation surveys (England) and EUREST-PLUS surveys (Germany, Greece, Hungary, Poland, Romania and Spain) were used. Generalized estimating equations were used to estimate changes in pack/brand appeal, salience of health-warning labels (HWLs) and perceived relative harm of different brands in England (where larger HWLs and standardized packaging were implemented), vs. each EU country (where only larger HWLs were implemented). Results: There was an increase in the percentage of respondents from Germany, Hungary and Poland reporting they did not like the look of the pack (4.7%, 9.6%, and 14.2%, respectively), but the largest increase was in England (41.0%). Moreover, there was a statistically significant increase in the salience of HWLs in Hungary, Poland and Romania (17.0%, 13.9%, and 15.3%, respectively), but the largest increase was in England (27.6%). Few differences were observed in cross-country comparisons of the perceived relative harm of different brands. Conclusions: Findings suggest that standardized packaging reduces pack appeal and enhances the salience of HWLs over and above the effects of larger HWLs. Findings provide additional evidence and support for incorporating standardized packaging into the EU TPD. © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Public Health Association. All rights reserved.

Published
2020

38. Cessation behaviours among smokers of menthol and flavoured cigarettes following the implementation of the EU Tobacco Products Directive: findings from the EUREST-PLUS ITC Europe Surveys

Author

Zatoński, M. Herbeć, A. Zatoński, W. Janik-Koncewicz, K. Driezen, P. Demjén, T. Fernández, E. Fong, G.T. Quah, A.C.K. Kyriakos, C.N. Mcneill, A. Willemsen, M. Mons, U. Tountas, Y. Trofor, A.C. Vardavas, C.I. Przewoźniak, K. Glahn, A. Nguyen, D. Nikitara, K. Radu-Loghin, C. Starchenko, P. Tsatsakis, A. Girvalaki, C. Igoumenaki, C. Papadakis, S. Papathanasaki, A. Tzatzarakis, M. Vardavas, A.I. Bécuwe, N. Deaconu, L. Goudet, S. Hanley, C. Rivière, O. Kiss, J. Kovacs, A.P. Castellano, Y. Fu, M. Nogueira, S.O. Tigova, O. East, K. Hitchman, S.C. Kahnert, S. Behrakis, P. Filippidis, F.T. Gratziou, C. Katsaounou, P. Peleki, T. Petroulia, I. Tzavara, C. Eremia, M. Lotrean, L. Mihaltan, F. Rohde, G. Asano, T. Cichon, C. Far, A. Genton, C. Jessner, M. Hedman, L. Janson, C. Lindberg, A. Maguire, B. Ravara, S. Vaccaro, V. Ward, B. De Vries, H. Hummel, K. Nagelhout, G.E. Agar, T.K. Gravely, S. Thompson, M.E.

Abstract

The European Tobacco Products Directive (TPD) introduced a ban on characterizing flavours in cigarettes (2016), including menthol (2020). The longitudinal data analysis of the EUREST-PLUS International Tobacco Control (ITC) Project Europe Surveys (n ¼ 16 534; Wave 1 in 2016 and Wave 2 in 2018) found significant but small declines in the weighted prevalence of menthol (by 0.94%; P ¼ 0.041) and other flavoured cigarette use (by 1.32%; P < 0.001) following the 2016 TPD. The declines tended to be driven primarily by the menthol and flavoured cigarette (MFC) smokers switching to unflavoured tobacco. Cigarette consumption declined between waves, but there were no statistically significant difference in decline between MFC and unflavoured tobacco smokers on smoking and cessation behaviours between the waves. © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Public Health Association. All rights reserved.

Published
2020

39. Transitions in product use during the implementation of the European Tobacco Products Directive: cohort study findings from the EUREST-PLUS ITC Europe Surveys

Author

Vardavas, C.I. Kyriakos, C.N. Driezen, P. Girvalaki, C. Nikitara, K. Filippidis, F.T. Fernández, E. Mons, U. Przewoźniak, K. Trofor, A.C. Demjén, T. Katsaounou, P.A. Zatoński, W. Willemsen, M. Fong, G.T. Glahn, A. Nguyen, D. Radu-Loghin, C. Starchenko, P. Tsatsakis, A. Igoumenaki, C. Papadakis, S. Papathanasaki, A. Tzatzarakis, M. Vardavas, A.I. Bécuwe, N. Deaconu, L. Goudet, S. Hanley, C. Rivière, O. Kiss, J. Kovacs, A.P. Castellano, Y. Fu, M. Nogueira, S.O. Tigova, O. McNeill, A. East, K. Hitchman, S.C. Kahnert, S. Tountas, Y. Behrakis, P. Gratziou, C. Katsaounou, P. Peleki, T. Petroulia, I. Tzavara, C. Eremia, M. Lotrean, L. Mihaltan, F. Rohde, G. Asano, T. Cichon, C. Far, A. Genton, C. Jessner, M. Hedman, L. Janson, C. Lindberg, A. Maguire, B. Ravara, S. Vaccaro, V. Ward, B. De Vries, H. Hummel, K. Nagelhout, G.E. Herbeć, A. Janik-Koncewicz, K. Zatoński, M. Agar, T.K. Gravely, S. Quah, A.C.K. Thompson, M.E. EUREST-PLUS Consortium

Abstract

Background: The emergence of new types of tobacco and tobacco-related products on the European Union (EU) market has precipitated the possibility for both poly-tobacco use and transitions between products. In the EU, the regulatory environment has shifted with the implementation of the European Tobacco Products Directive (TPD) in May 2016, which may influence consumer transitions between products. Methods: The aim of this paper was to examine trends and transitions in tobacco products from 2016 to 2018 -before and after implementation of the TPD in the EU. Data come from Wave 1 (pre-TPD) and Wave 2 (post-TPD) of the EUREST-PLUS ITC Six European Country Survey, a cohort study of adults who at the time of recruitment were smokers from six EU countries-Germany, Greece, Hungary, Poland, Romania, and Spain. D (N ¼ 3195). Bivariate and logistic regression analyses of weighted data was conducted using SAS-callable SUDAAN Results: Overall, among those who smoked factory-made cigarettes (FM) only at Wave 1, 4.3% switched to roll-your-own tobacco (RYO) only. Among RYO only users at Wave 1, 17.0% switched to FM only, however compared to all other countries, respondents from Hungary had the highest percentage of FM only users at Wave 1 switch to RYO only at Wave 2 (18.0%). Conclusions: The most prominent transition overall was from smoking RYO exclusively at Wave 1 to smoking FM tobacco exclusively at Wave 2, however this varied across countries. As the tobacco control regulatory environment of the EU develops, it is important to continue to monitor transitions between types of products, as well as trends in cessation. © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Public Health Association. All rights reserved.

Published
2020

40. Awareness and correlates of noticing changes to cigarette packaging design after implementation of the European Tobacco Products Directive: findings from the EUREST-PLUS ITC Europe Surveys

Author

Vardavas, C.I. Kyriakos, C.N. Driezen, P. Girvalaki, C. Nikitara, K. Filippidis, F.T. Fernández, E. Mons, U. Przewoźniak, K. Trofor, A.C. Demjén, T. Katsaounou, P.A. Zatoński, W. Willemsen, M. Fong, G.T. Glahn, A. Nguyen, D. Radu-Loghin, C. Starchenko, P. Tsatsakis, A. Igoumenaki, C. Papadakis, S. Papathanasaki, A. Tzatzarakis, M. Vardavas, A.I. Bécuwe, N. Deaconu, L. Goudet, S. Hanley, C. Rivière, O. Kiss, J. Kovacs, A.P. Castellano, Y. Fu, M. Nogueira, S.O. Tigova, O. McNeill, A. East, K. Hitchman, S.C. Kahnert, S. Tountas, Y. Behrakis, P. Gratziou, C. Katsaounou, P. Peleki, T. Petroulia, I. Tzavara, C. Eremia, M. Lotrean, L. Mihaltan, F. Rohde, G. Asano, T. Cichon, C. Far, A. Genton, C. Jessner, M. Hedman, L. Janson, C. Lindberg, A. Maguire, B. Ravara, S. Vaccaro, V. Ward, B. De Vries, H. Hummel, K. Nagelhout, G.E. Herbeć, A. Janik-Koncewicz, K. Zatoński, M. Agar, T.K. Gravely, S. Quah, A.C.K. Thompson, M.E. EUREST-PLUS Consortium

Abstract

Background: The European Tobacco Products Directive (TPD), which went into effect in May 2016, regulates packaging design and labelling of cigarettes and roll-your-own (RYO) tobacco. The aim of the current study was to examine whether smokers and recent quitters in six European Union (EU) countries (Germany, Greece, Hungary, Poland, Romania and Spain) reported noticing TPD-related changes to packaging, and correlates of noticing these changes. Methods: Cross-sectional data from the Wave 2 of the ITC 6 European Country Survey in 2018 after implementation of the TPD. Bivariate analyses included adult smokers (n ¼ 5597) and recent quitters (n ¼ 412). Adjusted logistic regression analyses were restricted to the subset of current smokers (n ¼ 5597) and conducted using SAS-callable SUDAAN. Results: Over half of smokers (58.2%) and 30% of quitters noticed at least one of five types of TPD-related pack changes. Over one-quarter of all respondents noticed changes to health warnings (30.0%), standardized openings (27.7%), minimum pack unit size (27.9%), and the removal of tar, nicotine and carbon monoxide information (26.7%) on packaging. Cross-country differences were observed across all measures, with noticing all pack changes markedly lower in Spain than the other countries. Correlates of noticing specific pack changes included sociodemographic characteristics, smoking behaviours and related to packaging. Conclusions: This is one of the first cross-country studies to examine the extent to which TPD changes to cigarette and RYO tobacco packaging are being noticed by smokers and recent quitters. Findings indicate that the majority of smokers noticed at least one type of pack change, but this varied across countries and sub-populations. © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Public Health Association. All rights reserved.

Published
2020

41. Support for e-cigarette policies among smokers in seven European countries: longitudinal findings from the 2016–18 EUREST-PLUS ITC Europe Surveys

Author

Chung-Hall, J. Meng, G. Kyriakos, C.N. Craig, L.V. Balmford, J. Demjén, T. Fernández, E. Mons, U. Tountas, Y. Janik-Koncewicz, K. Zatoński, W. Trofor, A.C. Vardavas, C.I. Fong, G.T. Glahn, A. Nguyen, D. Nikitara, K. Radu-Loghin, C. Starchenko, P. Tsatsakis, A. Girvalaki, C. Igoumenaki, C. Papadakis, S. Papathanasaki, A. Tzatzarakis, M. Vardavas, A.I. Bécuwe, N. Deaconu, L. Goudet, S. Hanley, C. Rivière, O. Kiss, J. Kovacs, A.P. Castellano, Y. Fu, M. Nogueira, S.O. Tigova, O. McNeill, A. East, K. Hitchman, S.C. Kahnert, S. Behrakis, P. Filippidis, F.T. Gratziou, C. Katsaounou, P. Peleki, T. Petroulia, I. Tzavara, C. Eremia, M. Lotrean, L. Mihaltan, F. Rohde, G. Asano, T. Cichon, C. Far, A. Genton, C. Jessner, M. Hedman, L. Janson, C. Lindberg, A. Maguire, B. Ravara, S. Vaccaro, V. Ward, B. Willemsen, M. De Vries, H. Hummel, K. Nagelhout, G.E. Herbeć, A. Przewoźniak, K. Zatoński, M. Agar, T.K. Quah, A.C.K. EUREST-PLUS Consortium

Abstract

Background: The 2016 European Tobacco Products Directive (TPD) required Member States (MS) to implement new regulations for electronic cigarettes (ECs). We conducted a longitudinal study to assess changes over 2 years in smokers’ support for EC policies and identify predictors of support in seven European countries after TPD implementation. Methods: Prospective cohort surveys were conducted among adult smokers in Germany, Greece, Hungary, Poland, Romania, Spain and England in 2016 (n ¼ 9547; just after TPD) and 2018 (n ¼ 10 287; 2 years after TPD). Multivariable logistic regression models employing generalized estimating equations assessed changes in support for four EC policies, and tested for country differences and strength of key predictors of support. Results: Banning EC use in smoke-free places was supported by 53.1% in 2016 and 54.6% in 2018 with a significant increase in Greece (51.7–66.0%) and a decrease in Spain (60.1–48.6%). Restricting EC/e-liquid nicotine content was supported by 52.2 and 47.4% in 2016 and 2018, respectively, with a significant decrease in England (54.2–46.5%) and Romania (52.5–41.0%). An EC promotion ban was supported by 41.1 and 40.2%. A flavour ban was supported by 33.3% and 32.3% with a significant increase in Hungary (34.3–43.3%). Support was generally higher in Poland, Hungary and Greece vs. England. Support was lower among dual and EC-only users, and low-income smokers. Conclusions: Smokers in all countries strongly supported banning EC use in smoke-free places and restricting nicotine content after TPD implementation, with no clear trends for changes in policy support. © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Public Health Association. All rights reserved.

Published
2020

42. No SARS-CoV-2 detection in the German CAPNETZ cohort of community acquired pneumonia before COVID-19 peak in March 2020

Author

Panning, Marcus, Wiener, Julius, Rothe, Kathrin, Schneider, Jochen, Pletz, Mathias W., Rohde, Gernot, Rupp, Jan, Witzenrath, Martin, Spinner, Christoph D., Dreher, M., Cornelissen, Christian, Knüppel, W., Stolz, D., Suttorp, N., Bauer, W., Mikolajewska, A., Witzenrath, M., Pankow, W., Gläser, S., Thiemig, D., Prediger, M., Schmager, S., Kolditz, M., Schulte-Hubbert, B., Langner, S., Rohde, G., Bellinghausen, C., Panning, M., Hoffmann, C., Welte, T., Freise, J., Barten, G., Kröner, W., Nawrocki, M., Naim, J., Illig, T., Klopp, N., Pletz, M., Kroegel, C., Schleenvoigt, B., Forstner, C., Moeser, A., Drömann, D., Parschke, P., Franzen, K., Rupp, J., Käding, N., Wouters, M., Walraven, K., Braeken, D., Spinner, C., Zaruchas, A., Schaberg, D, Heigener, D., Hering, I., Albrich, W., Waldeck, F., Rassouli, F., Baldesberger, S., Stenger, S., Wallner, M., Burgmann, H., and Traby, L.

Abstract

Infection 48(6), 971-974 (2020). doi:10.1007/s15010-020-01471-y, Published by Urban & Vogel, München

Published
2020
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43. Awareness and use of heated tobacco products among adult smokers in six European countries: Findings from the EUREST-PLUS ITC Europe Surveys

Author

Nogueira, S.O. Tigova, O. Driezen, P. Fu, M. Kyriakos, C.N. Zatoński, M. Mons, U. Quah, A.C.K. Demjén, T. Trofor, A.C. Przewoźniak, K. Katsaounou, P.A. Fong, G.T. Vardavas, C.I. Fernández, E. Glahn, A. Nguyen, D. Nikitara, K. Radu-Loghin, C. Starchenko, P. Tsatsakis, A. Girvalaki, C. Igoumenaki, C. Papadakis, S. Papathanasaki, A. Tzatzarakis, M. Vardavas, A.I. Bécuwe, N. Deaconu, L. Goudet, S. Hanley, C. Rivière, O. Kiss, J. Kovacs, A.P. Castellano, Y. McNeill, A. East, K. Hitchman, S.C. Kahnert, S. Tountas, Y. Behrakis, P. Filippidis, F.T. Gratziou, C. Katsaounou, P. Peleki, T. Petroulia, I. Tzavara, C. Eremia, M. Lotrean, L. Mihaltan, F. Rohde, G. Asano, T. Cichon, C. Far, A. Genton, C. Jessner, M. Hedman, L. Janson, C. Lindberg, A. Maguire, B. Ravara, S. Vaccaro, V. Ward, B. Willemsen, M. De Vries, H. Hummel, K. Nagelhout, G.E. Herbeć, A. Janik-Koncewicz, K. Agar, T.K. Gravely, S. Thompson, M.E. Lotrean, L.M. EUREST-PLUS Consortium

Abstract

Background: The study assessed awareness and use of heated tobacco products (HTPs) and factors that influenced these issues among cigarette smokers from six European countries in 2016 (Wave 1) and 2018 (Wave 2). Methods: A survey was conducted among a nationally representative sample of cigarette smokers aged 18 years or older from Germany, Greece, Hungary, Poland, Romania and Spain in 2016 (N ¼ 6011) and 2018 (N ¼ 6027; 53% of smokers from the previous wave were retained, regardless of smoking status and dropouts were replaced by a replenishment sample of smokers). Data were collected through face-to-face interviews. Estimates were produced using weighted data. The study presents the cross-sectional results. Results: Awareness of HTPs increased from 8% to 17% between the two waves. At Wave 1, 1.1% of the smokers declared having used HTPs at least once during their lifetime; and at Wave 2, this increased to 1.9% (around 1% or less in four countries, except for Greece and Romania where it was around 4%). Factors associated with HTPs use among those who had ever heard about these products at Wave 1 were country of residence, being a daily cigarette smoker and ever use of electronic cigarettes. At Wave 2, ever use of HTPs was significantly higher among those who had tried to quit smoking combustible cigarettes in the last 12 months, had tried electronic cigarettes during lifetime and perceived HTPs as less dangerous than combustible cigarettes; the country of residence was also associated with HTPs use. Conclusion: This study offers insights into the behaviours and perceptions of European adult smokers regarding HTPs, an important emerging issue in the field of tobacco control. © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Public Health Association. All rights reserved.

Published
2020

44. Methods of the International Tobacco Control (ITC) EUREST-PLUS ITC Europe Surveys

Author

Gravely, S. Driezen, P. Kyriakos, C.N. Thompson, M.E. Balmford, J. Demjén, T. Fernández, E. Mons, U. Tountas, Y. Janik-Koncewicz, K. Zatoński, W. Trofor, A.C. Vardavas, C.I. Fong, G.T. Glahn, A. Nguyen, D. Nikitara, K. Radu-Loghin, C. Starchenko, P. Tsatsakis, A. Girvalaki, C. Igoumenaki, C. Papadakis, S. Papathanasaki, A. Tzatzarakis, M. Vardavas, A.I. Bécuwe, N. Deaconu, L. Goudet, S. Hanley, C. Rivière, O. Kiss, J. Kovacs, A.P. Castellano, Y. Fu, M. Nogueira, S.O. Tigova, O. McNeill, A. East, K. Hitchman, S.C. Kahnert, S. Behrakis, P. Filippidis, F.T. Gratziou, C. Katsaounou, P. Peleki, T. Petroulia, I. Tzavara, C. Eremia, M. Lotrean, L. Mihaltan, F. Rohde, G. Asano, T. Cichon, C. Far, A. Genton, C. Jessner, M. Hedman, L. Janson, C. Lindberg, A. Maguire, B. Ravara, S. Vaccaro, V. Ward, B. Willemsen, M. De Vries, H. Hummel, K. Nagelhout, G.E. Herbeć, A. Przewoźniak, K. Zatoński, M. Agar, T.K. Quah, A.C.K. EUREST-PLUS Consortium

Abstract

Background: The EUREST-PLUS ITC Europe surveys aim to evaluate the impact of the European Union’s Tobacco Products Directive (EU TPD) implementation within the context of the WHO FCTC. This article describes the methodology of the 2016 (Wave 1) and 2018 (Wave 2) International Tobacco Control 6 European (6E) Country Survey in Germany, Greece, Hungary, Poland, Romania and Spain; the England arm of the 2016 (Wave 1) and 2018 (Wave 2) ITC 4 Country Smoking and Vaping (4CV) Survey; and the 2016 (Wave 10) and 2017 (Wave 11) ITC Netherlands (NL) Survey. All three ITC surveys covering a total of eight countries are prospective cohort studies with nationally representative samples of smokers. Methods: In the three surveys across the eight countries, the recruited respondents were cigarette smokers who smoked at least monthly, and were aged 18 and older. At each survey wave, eligible cohort members from the previous waves were retained, regardless of smoking status, and dropouts were replaced by a replenishment sample. Results: Retention rates between the two waves of the ITC 6E Survey by country were 70.5% for Germany, 41.3% for Greece, 35.7% for Hungary, 45.6% for Poland, 54.4% for Romania and 71.3% for Spain. The retention rate for England between ITC 4CV1 and ITC 4CV2 was 39.1%; the retention rates for the ITC Netherlands Survey were 76.6% at Wave 10 (2016) and 80.9% at Wave 11 (2017). Conclusion: The ITC sampling design and data collection methods in these three ITC surveys allow analyses to examine prospectively the impact of policy environment changes on the use of cigarettes and other tobacco products in each country, to make comparisons across the eight countries. ß The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Public Health Association. All rights reserved.

Published
2020

45. Social norms for e-cigarettes and smoking: associations with initiation of e-cigarette use, intentions to quit smoking and quit attempts: findings from the EUREST-PLUS ITC Europe Surveys

Author

Papadakis, S. Katsaounou, P. Kyriakos, C.N. Balmford, J. Tzavara, C. Girvalaki, C. Driezen, P. Filippidis, F.T. Herbeć, A. Hummel, K. Mcneill, A. Mons, U. Fernández, E. Fu, M. Trofor, A.C. Demjén, T. Zatoński, W.A. Willemsen, M. Fong, G.T. Vardavas, C.I. Glahn, A. Nguyen, D. Radu-Loghin, C. Starchenko, P. Tsatsakis, A. Igoumenaki, C. Nikitara, K. Papathanasaki, A. Tzatzarakis, M. Vardavas, A.I. Bécuwe, N. Deaconu, L. Goudet, S. Hanley, C. Rivière, O. Kiss, J. Kovacs, P.A. Castellano, Y. Nogueira, S.O. Tigova, O. East, K. Hitchman, S.C. Kahnert, S. Tountas, Y. Behrakis, P. Gratziou, C. Peleki, T. Petroulia, I. Eremia, M. Lotrean, L. Mihaltan, F. Rohde, G. Asano, T. Cichon, C. Far, A. Genton, C. Jessner, M. Hedman, L. Janson, C. Lindberg, A. Maguire, B. Ravara, S. Vaccaro, V. Ward, B. De Vries, H. Nagelhout, G.E. Janik-Koncewicz, K. Przewoźniak, K. Zatoński, M. Agar, T.K. Gravely, S. Quah, A.C.K. Thompson, M.E. McDermott, M.S. EUREST-PLUS Consortium

Abstract

Background: Social norms have received little attention in relation to electronic cigarettes (EC). The current study examine social norms for EC use and smoking tobacco, and their associations with (i) initiation of EC use, (ii) intention to quit smoking and (iii) attempts to quit smoking. Methods: Cross-sectional and longitudinal data analysis from Waves 1 and 2 of the ITC 6 European Country Survey and corresponding waves from England (the ITC Four Country Smoking and Vaping Survey). Current smokers at baseline, who heard of ECs and provided data at both waves were included (n ¼ 3702). Complex samples logistic regression examined associations between the outcomes and descriptive (seeing EC use in public, close friends using ECs/smoking) and injunctive (public approves of ECs/smoking) norms, adjusting for country, demographics, EC use and heaviness of smoking. Results: In longitudinal analyses, seeing EC use in public at least some days was the only social norm that predicted initiation of EC use between waves (OR ¼ 1.66, 95%CI ¼ 1.08–2.56). In the cross-sectional analysis, having an intention to quit was associated with seeing EC use in public (OR ¼ 1.37, 95%CI ¼ 1.04–1.81) and reporting fewer than three close friends smoke (OR ¼ 0.59, 95%CI ¼ 0.44–0.80). There was no association between any social norm and making a quit attempt between waves. Conclusions: Initiation of EC use is predicted by seeing EC use in public, which was also associated with greater intention to quit smoking. Friends’ smoking was associated with lower intention to quit. These findings may allay concerns that increased visibility of ECs is renormalizing smoking amongst current smokers. © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Public Health Association. All rights reserved.

Published
2020

46. Evaluating the impact of the Tobacco Products Directive within the context of the FCTC in Europe—findings from the EUREST-PLUS ITC Europe Surveys: introductory Commentary

Author

Vardavas, C.I. Kyriakos, C.N. McNeill, A. Fong, G.T. Glahn, A. Nguyen, D. Nikitara, K. Radu-Loghin, C. Starchenko, P. Tsatsakis, A. Girvalaki, C. Igoumenaki, C. Papadakis, S. Papathanasaki, A. Tzatzarakis, M. Vardavas, A.I. Bécuwe, N. Deaconu, L. Goudet, S. Hanley, C. Rivière, O. Demjén, T. Kiss, J. Kovacs, A.P. Fernández, E. Castellano, Y. Fu, M. Nogueira, S.O. Tigova, O. East, K. Hitchman, S.C. Mons, U. Kahnert, S. Tountas, Y. Behrakis, P. Filippidis, F.T. Gratziou, C. Katsaounou, P. Peleki, T. Petroulia, I. Tzavara, C. Trofor, A.C. Eremia, M. Lotrean, L. Mihaltan, F. Rohde, G. Asano, T. Cichon, C. Far, A. Genton, C. Jessner, M. Hedman, L. Janson, C. Lindberg, A. Maguire, B. Ravara, S. Vaccaro, V. Ward, B. Willemsen, M. de Vries, H. Hummel, K. Nagelhout, G.E. Zatonski, W.A. Herbec, A. Janik-Koncewicz, K. Przewozniak, K. Zatonski, M. Agar, T.K. Driezen, P. Gravely, S. Quah, A.C.K. Thompson, M.E. EUREST-PLUS Consortium

Published
2020

47. Quitting behaviours and cessation methods used in eight European Countries in 2018: findings from the EUREST-PLUS ITC Europe Surveys

Author

Papadakis, S. Katsaounou, P. Kyriakos, C.N. Balmford, J. Tzavara, C. Girvalaki, C. Driezen, P. Filippidis, F.T. Herbeć, A. Hummel, K. Mcneill, A. Mons, U. Fernández, E. Fu, M. Trofor, A.C. Demjén, T. Zatoński, W.A. Willemsen, M. Fong, G.T. Vardavas, C.I. Glahn, A. Nguyen, D. Radu-Loghin, C. Starchenko, P. Tsatsakis, A. Igoumenaki, C. Nikitara, K. Papathanasaki, A. Tzatzarakis, M. Vardavas, A.I. Bécuwe, N. Deaconu, L. Goudet, S. Hanley, C. Rivière, O. Kiss, J. Kovacs, P.A. Castellano, Y. Nogueira, S.O. Tigova, O. East, K. Hitchman, S.C. Kahnert, S. Tountas, Y. Behrakis, P. Gratziou, C. Peleki, T. Petroulia, I. Eremia, M. Lotrean, L. Mihaltan, F. Rohde, G. Asano, T. Cichon, C. Far, A. Genton, C. Jessner, M. Hedman, L. Janson, C. Lindberg, A. Maguire, B. Ravara, S. Vaccaro, V. Ward, B. De Vries, H. Nagelhout, G.E. Janik-Koncewicz, K. Przewoźniak, K. Zatoński, M. Agar, T.K. Gravely, S. Quah, A.C.K. Thompson, M.E. EUREST-PLUS Consortium

Subjects
behavior and behavior mechanisms
Abstract

Background: We examined quit attempts, use of cessation assistance, quitting beliefs and intentions among smokers who participated in the 2018 International Tobacco Control (ITC) Europe Surveys in eight European Union Member States (England, Germany, Greece, Hungary, the Netherlands, Poland, Romania and Spain). Methods: Cross-sectional data from 11 543 smokers were collected from Wave 2 of the ITC Six European Country (6E) Survey (Germany, Greece, Hungary, Poland, Romania and Spain—2018), the ITC Netherlands Survey (the Netherlands—late 2017) and the Four Countries Smoking and Vaping (4CV1) Survey (England—2018). Logistic regression was used to examine associations between smokers’ characteristics and recent quit attempts. Results: Quit attempts in the past 12 months were more frequently reported by respondents in the Netherlands (33.0%) and England (29.3%) and least frequently in Hungary (11.5%), Greece (14.7%), Poland (16.7%) and Germany (16.7%). With the exception of England (35.9%), the majority (56–84%) of recent quit attempts was unaided. Making a quit attempt was associated with younger age, higher education and income, having a smoking-related illness and living in England. In all countries, the majority of continuing smokers did not intend to quit in the next 6 months, had moderate to high levels of nicotine dependence and perceived quitting to be difficult. Conclusions: Apart from England and the Netherlands, smokers made few quit attempts in the past year and had low intentions to quit in the near future. The use of cessation assistance was sub-optimal. There is a need to examine approaches to supporting quitting among the significant proportion of tobacco users in Europe and increase the use of cessation support as part of quit attempts. © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Public Health Association. All rights reserved.

Published
2020

48. Do smokers want to protect non-smokers from the harms of second-hand smoke in cars? Findings from the EUREST-PLUS ITC Europe Surveys

Author

Nogueira, S.O. Tigova, O. Driezen, P. Fu, M. Kyriakos, C.N. Zatoński, M. Mons, U. Quah, A.C.K. Demjén, T. Trofor, A.C. Przewoźniak, K. Katsaounou, P.A. Fong, G.T. Vardavas, C.I. Fernández, E. Glahn, A. Nguyen, D. Nikitara, K. Radu-Loghin, C. Starchenko, P. Tsatsakis, A. Girvalaki, C. Igoumenaki, C. Papadakis, S. Papathanasaki, A. Tzatzarakis, M. Vardavas, A.I. Bécuwe, N. Deaconu, L. Goudet, S. Hanley, C. Rivière, O. Kiss, J. Kovacs, A.P. Castellano, Y. McNeill, A. East, K. Hitchman, S.C. Kahnert, S. Tountas, Y. Behrakis, P. Filippidis, F.T. Gratziou, C. Katsaounou, P. Peleki, T. Petroulia, I. Tzavara, C. Eremia, M. Lotrean, L. Mihaltan, F. Rohde, G. Asano, T. Cichon, C. Far, A. Genton, C. Jessner, M. Hedman, L. Janson, C. Lindberg, A. Maguire, B. Ravara, S. Vaccaro, V. Ward, B. Willemsen, M. De Vries, H. Hummel, K. Nagelhout, G.E. Herbeć, A. Janik-Koncewicz, K. Agar, T.K. Gravely, S. Thompson, M.E. EUREST-PLUS Consortium

Abstract

Background: There is currently no comprehensive legislation protecting non-smokers and children from secondhand smoke (SHS) exposure in private cars at the European Union (EU) level. This study aims to assess smokers’ support for smoke-free cars legislation in six EU countries. Methods: Data come from the EUREST-PLUS ITC Europe Surveys: Wave 1 (2016, n ¼ 6011) and Wave 2 (2018, n ¼ 6027) conducted in Germany, Greece, Hungary, Poland, Romania and Spain. Support for smoke-free cars carrying pre-school children and non-smokers and voluntary implementation of smoke-free cars were assessed among adult smokers. Generalized estimating equations models were used to assess changes in support between waves. Results: In 2018, 96.3% [95% confidence interval (CI) 95.4–97.0%] of the overall sample supported smoke-free legislation for cars carrying pre-school children, representing an increase of 2.4 percentage points in comparison to 2016. Smoke-free legislation for cars transporting non-smokers was supported by 85.2% (95% CI 83.1–87.1%) of smokers’ in 2016 and 90.2% (95% CI 88.6–91.7%) in 2018. Among smokers who owned cars, there was a significant 7.2 percentage points increase in voluntary implementation of smoke-free cars carrying children from 2016 (60.7%, 95% CI 57.2–64.0%) to 2018 (67.9%, 95% CI 65.1–70.5%). All sociodemographic groups of smokers reported support higher than 80% in 2018. Conclusion: The vast majority of smokers in all six EU countries support smoke-free legislation for cars carrying pre-school children and non-smokers. This almost universal support across countries and sociodemographic groups is a clear indicator of a window of opportunity for the introduction of comprehensive legislation to protect non-smokers and children from SHS exposure in cars. © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Public Health Association. All rights reserved.

Published
2020

49. European adult smokers’ perceptions of the harmfulness of e-cigarettes relative to combustible cigarettes: cohort findings from the 2016 and 2018 EUREST-PLUS ITC Europe Surveys

Author

Gravely, S. Driezen, P. Kyriakos, C.N. Thompson, M.E. Balmford, J. Demjén, T. Fernández, E. Mons, U. Tountas, Y. Janik-Koncewicz, K. Zatoński, W. Trofor, A.C. Vardavas, C.I. Fong, G.T. Glahn, A. Nguyen, D. Nikitara, K. Radu-Loghin, C. Starchenko, P. Tsatsakis, A. Girvalaki, C. Igoumenaki, C. Papadakis, S. Papathanasaki, A. Tzatzarakis, M. Vardavas, A.I. Bécuwe, N. Deaconu, L. Goudet, S. Hanley, C. Rivière, O. Kiss, J. Kovacs, A.P. Castellano, Y. Fu, M. Nogueira, S.O. Tigova, O. McNeill, A. East, K. Hitchman, S.C. Kahnert, S. Behrakis, P. Filippidis, F.T. Gratziou, C. Katsaounou, P. Peleki, T. Petroulia, I. Tzavara, C. Eremia, M. Lotrean, L. Mihaltan, F. Rohde, G. Asano, T. Cichon, C. Far, A. Genton, C. Jessner, M. Hedman, L. Janson, C. Lindberg, A. Maguire, B. Ravara, S. Vaccaro, V. Ward, B. Willemsen, M. De Vries, H. Hummel, K. Nagelhout, G.E. Herbeć, A. Przewoźniak, K. Zatoński, M. Agar, T.K. Quah, A.C.K.

Abstract

Background: This study presents perceptions of the harmfulness of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) relative to combustible cigarettes among smokers from six European Union (EU) countries, prior to the implementation of the EU Tobacco Products Directive (TPD), and 2 years post-TPD. Methods: Data were drawn from the EUREST-PLUS ITC Europe Surveys, a cohort study of adult smokers (≥18 years) from Germany, Greece, Hungary, Poland, Romania and Spain. Data were collected in 2016 (pre-TPD: N ¼ 6011) and 2018 (post-TPD: N ¼ 6027). Weighted generalized estimating equations were used to estimate perceptions of the harmfulness of e-cigarettes compared to combustible cigarettes (less harmful, equally harmful, more harmful or ‘don’t know’). Results: In 2016, among respondents who were aware of e-cigarettes (72.2%), 28.6% reported that they perceived e-cigarettes to be less harmful than cigarettes (range 22.0% in Spain to 34.1% in Hungary). In 2018, 72.2% of respondents were aware of e-cigarettes, of whom 28.4% reported perceiving that e-cigarettes are less harmful. The majority of respondents perceived e-cigarettes to be equally or more harmful than cigarettes in both 2016 (58.5%) and 2018 (61.8%, P > 0.05). Overall, there were no significant changes in the perceptions that e-cigarettes are less, equally or more harmful than cigarettes, but ‘don’t know’ responses significantly decreased from 12.9% to 9.8% (P ¼ 0.036). The only significant change within countries was a decrease in ‘don’t know’ responses in Spain (19.3–9.4%, P ¼ .001). Conclusions: The majority of respondents in these six EU countries perceived e-cigarettes to be equally or more harmful than combustible cigarettes. © The Author(s) 2020. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Public Health Association.

Published
2020

50. Corrigendum: Patterns of tobacco use, quit attempts, readiness to quit and self-efficacy among smokers with anxiety or depression: Findings among six countries of the EUREST-PLUS ITC Europe Surveys

Author

Petroulia, I, Kyriakos, CN, Papadakis, S, Tzavara, C, Filippidis, FT, Girvalaki, C, Peleki, T, Katsaounou, P, McNeill, A, Mons, U, Fernandez, E, Demjen, T, Trofor, AC, Herbec, A, Zatonski, WA, Tountas, Y, Fong, GT, Vardavas, CI, Vardavas, I, Glahn, A, Dominick, N, Nikitara, K, Radu-Loghin, C, Starchenko, P, Tsatsakis, A, Igoumenaki, C, Papathanasaki, A, Tzatzarakis, M, Vardavas, AI, Becuwe, N, Deaconu, L, Goudet, S, Hanley, C, Riviere, O, Kiss, J, Kovacs, PA, Castellano, Y, Fu, M, Nogueira, SO, Tigova, O, East, K, Hitchman, SC, Kahnert, S, Behrakis, P, Gratziou, C, Eremia, M, Lotrean, L, Mihaltan, F, Rohde, G, Asano, T, Cichon, C, Far, A, Genton, C, Jessner, M, Hedman, L, Janson, C, Lindberg, A, Maguire, B, Ravara, S, Vaccaro, V, and Ward, B

Subjects
lcsh:RC705-779, Health (social science), Science & Technology, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Substance Abuse, Medicine (miscellaneous), 1103 Clinical Sciences, lcsh:Diseases of the respiratory system, lcsh:Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens, anxiety, lcsh:RC254-282, smoking cessation, Europe, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, depression, 030212 general & internal medicine, EUREST-PLUS consortium, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, mental health, Public, Environmental & Occupational Health
Published
2019

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