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• Two African Amauroderma species were combined in Sanguinoderma. • Amauroderma trichodermatum was combined in Furtadomyces. • The occurrence of Amauroderma s str. in Africa should be questioned. Amauroderma is characterized by a di-trimitic hyphal system and globose to ellipsoid basidiospores without a truncated apex, which are double-walled with a smooth hyaline exosporium and thick and ornamented endospore wall. Although detailed phylogenetic and morphological studies have changed the classification system of Amauroderma s. lat., several species with unknown phylogenetic positions are currently classified as Amauroderma. To clarify the phylogenetic relationships and classification of Amauroderma s. lat. species, we studied specimens from Africa and the Neotropical region using morphological, ultrastructural, and molecular phylogeny based on regions of the Internal Transcribed Spacer (ITS), the Large Subunit of nuclear ribosomal RNA gene (LSU), the largest subunit of RNA polymerase II gene (RPB1), the second largest subunit of RNA polymerase II gene (RPB2) and the translation elongation factor 1-α gene (TEF1-alpha). Our study revealed that out of the five studied species that were previously classified as Amauroderma, two belonged to Sanguinoderma and one to Furtadomyces. We discussed the issue of homonymy between the genera Furtadoella and Furtadomyces , and concluded that Furtadomyces is the valid genus. A new combination, Furtadomyces cornerii , is proposed for a species previously classified under Furtadoa. Morphology and distribution of Amauroderma s. lat. are discussed in the phylogenetic context. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]