434 results on '"Renaud D"'
Search Results
2. Design and performance of the camera of the Micro-channel X-ray Telescope on-board the SVOM mission
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Meuris, A., Arhancet, A., Bachet, D., Ceraudo, F., Doumayrou, E., Dumaye, L., Goetschy, A., Götz, D., Horeau, B., Huynh, D.-D., Lavanant, T., Lortholary, M., Mer, I. Le, Nico, F., Pinsard, F., Prieur, M., Provost, L., Renaud, D., Renault-Tinacci, N., Schneider, B., Tourrette, T., Visticot, F., Mercier, K., and Meidinger, N.
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- 2023
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3. First light of MC[formula omitted]-1K, a 250 [formula omitted]m pixel pitch CdTe imaging spectrometer for hard X-ray astronomy
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Allaire, H., Baudin, D., Bouyjou, F., Chaminade, T., Chesnais, D., Couderc, P., Gevin, O., Limousin, O., Meuris, A., Prieur, M., Renaud, D., Soufflet, F., and Visticot, F.
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- 2023
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4. Mind Your Ps (And Qs): Pay-to-Play And Procurement Lobbying For The Government Contractor
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Renaud, D. Mark
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Government contractors -- Laws, regulations and rules ,Lobbying -- Laws, regulations and rules ,Government regulation ,Business, international - Abstract
If there are two political law compliance issues that perennially bedog federal, state, and local government contractors, it is the myriad of state and local pay-to-play laws and procurement lobbying [...]
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- 2024
5. Deterministic creation of strained color centers in nanostructures via high-stress thin films.
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Assumpcao, D. R., Jin, C., Sutula, M., Ding, S. W., Pham, P., Knaut, C. M., Bhaskar, M. K., Panday, A., Day, A. M., Renaud, D., Lukin, M. D., Hu, E., Machielse, B., and Loncar, M.
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DIAMOND thin films ,THIN films ,INFORMATION technology ,NANOSTRUCTURES ,HIGH temperatures - Abstract
Color centers have emerged as a leading qubit candidate for realizing hybrid spin-photon quantum information technology. One major limitation of the platform, however, is that the characteristics of individual color centers are often strain dependent. As an illustrative case, the silicon-vacancy center in diamond typically requires millikelvin temperatures in order to achieve long coherence properties, but strained silicon-vacancy centers have been shown to operate at temperatures beyond 1 K without phonon-mediated decoherence. In this work, we combine high-stress silicon-nitride thin films with diamond nanostructures to reproducibly create statically strained silicon-vacancy color centers (mean ground state splitting of 608 GHz) with strain magnitudes of ∼ 4 × 10 − 4 . Based on modeling, this strain should be sufficient to allow for operation of a majority silicon-vacancy centers within the measured sample at elevated temperatures (1.5 K) without any degradation of their spin properties. This method offers a scalable approach to fabricate high-temperature operation quantum memories. Beyond silicon-vacancy centers, this method is sufficiently general that it can be easily extended to other platforms as well. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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6. The Impact of the Substrate Material on the Optical Properties of 2D WSe2 Monolayers
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Schneider, L. M., Lippert, S., Kuhnert, J., Renaud, D., Kang, K. N., Ajayi, O., Halbich, M.-U., Abdulmunem, O. M., Lin, X., Hassoon, K., Edalati-Boostan, S., Kim, Y. D., Heimbrodt, W., Yang, E. H., Hone, J. C., and Rahimi-Iman, A.
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- 2018
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7. Proton exchange membrane-like alkaline water electrolysis using flow-engineered three-dimensional electrodes
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Fernando Rocha, Christos Georgiadis, Kevin Van Droogenbroek, Renaud Delmelle, Xavier Pinon, Grzegorz Pyka, Greet Kerckhofs, Franz Egert, Fatemeh Razmjooei, Syed-Asif Ansar, Shigenori Mitsushima, and Joris Proost
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Science - Abstract
Abstract For high rate water electrolysers, minimising Ohmic losses through efficient gas bubble evacuation away from the active electrode is as important as minimising activation losses by improving the electrode’s electrocatalytic properties. In this work, by a combined experimental and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) approach, we identify the topological parameters of flow-engineered 3-D electrodes that direct their performance towards enhanced bubble evacuation. In particular, we show that integrating Ni-based foam electrodes into a laterally-graded bi-layer zero-gap cell configuration allows for alkaline water electrolysis to become Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM)-like, even when keeping a state-of-the-art Zirfon diaphragm. Detailed CFD simulations, explicitly taking into account the entire 3-D electrode and cell topology, show that under a forced uniform upstream electrolyte flow, such a graded structure induces a high lateral velocity component in the direction normal to and away from the diaphragm. This work is therefore an invitation to start considering PEM-like cell designs for alkaline water electrolysis as well, in particular the use of square or rectangular electrodes in flow-through type electrochemical cells.
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- 2024
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8. MAPLES-DR: MESSIDOR Anatomical and Pathological Labels for Explainable Screening of Diabetic Retinopathy
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Gabriel Lepetit-Aimon, Clément Playout, Marie Carole Boucher, Renaud Duval, Michael H. Brent, and Farida Cheriet
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Science - Abstract
Abstract Reliable automatic diagnosis of Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) and Macular Edema (ME) is an invaluable asset in improving the rate of monitored patients among at-risk populations and in enabling earlier treatments before the pathology progresses and threatens vision. However, the explainability of screening models is still an open question, and specifically designed datasets are required to support the research. We present MAPLES-DR (MESSIDOR Anatomical and Pathological Labels for Explainable Screening of Diabetic Retinopathy), which contains, for 198 images of the MESSIDOR public fundus dataset, new diagnoses for DR and ME as well as new pixel-wise segmentation maps for 10 anatomical and pathological biomarkers related to DR. This paper documents the design choices and the annotation procedure that produced MAPLES-DR, discusses the interobserver variability and the overall quality of the annotations, and provides guidelines on using the dataset in a machine learning context.
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- 2024
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9. ASTRO-H CdTe detectors proton irradiation at PIF
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Limousin, O., Renaud, D., Horeau, B., Dubos, S., Laurent, P., Lebrun, F., Chipaux, R., Boatella Polo, C., Marcinkowski, R., Kawaharada, M., Watanabe, S., Ohta, M., Sato, G., and Takahashi, T.
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- 2015
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10. Herpes simplex encephalitis due to a mutation in an E3 ubiquitin ligase
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Stéphanie Bibert, Mathieu Quinodoz, Sylvain Perriot, Fanny S. Krebs, Maxime Jan, Rita C. Malta, Emilie Collinet, Mathieu Canales, Amandine Mathias, Nicole Faignart, Eliane Roulet-Perez, Pascal Meylan, René Brouillet, Onya Opota, Leyder Lozano-Calderon, Florence Fellmann, Nicolas Guex, Vincent Zoete, Sandra Asner, Carlo Rivolta, Renaud Du Pasquier, and Pierre-Yves Bochud
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Science - Abstract
Abstract Encephalitis is a rare and potentially fatal manifestation of herpes simplex type 1 infection. Following genome-wide genetic analyses, we identified a previously uncharacterized and very rare heterozygous variant in the E3 ubiquitin ligase WWP2, in a 14-month-old girl with herpes simplex encephalitis. The p.R841H variant (NM_007014.4:c.2522G > A) impaired TLR3 mediated signaling in inducible pluripotent stem cells-derived neural precursor cells and neurons; cells bearing this mutation were also more susceptible to HSV-1 infection compared to control cells. The p.R841H variant increased TRIF ubiquitination in vitro. Antiviral immunity was rescued following the correction of p.R841H by CRISPR-Cas9 technology. Moreover, the introduction of p.R841H in wild type cells reduced such immunity, suggesting that this mutation is linked to the observed phenotypes.
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- 2024
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11. Comparing code-free deep learning models to expert-designed models for detecting retinal diseases from optical coherence tomography
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Samir Touma, Badr Ait Hammou, Fares Antaki, Marie Carole Boucher, and Renaud Duval
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Optical coherence tomography ,Artificial intelligence ,Code-free machine learning ,Ophthalmology ,RE1-994 - Abstract
Abstract Background Code-free deep learning (CFDL) is a novel tool in artificial intelligence (AI). This study directly compared the discriminative performance of CFDL models designed by ophthalmologists without coding experience against bespoke models designed by AI experts in detecting retinal pathologies from optical coherence tomography (OCT) videos and fovea-centered images. Methods Using the same internal dataset of 1,173 OCT macular videos and fovea-centered images, model development was performed simultaneously but independently by an ophthalmology resident (CFDL models) and a postdoctoral researcher with expertise in AI (bespoke models). We designed a multi-class model to categorize video and fovea-centered images into five labels: normal retina, macular hole, epiretinal membrane, wet age-related macular degeneration and diabetic macular edema. We qualitatively compared point estimates of the performance metrics of the CFDL and bespoke models. Results For videos, the CFDL model demonstrated excellent discriminative performance, even outperforming the bespoke models for some metrics: area under the precision-recall curve was 0.984 (vs. 0.901), precision and sensitivity were both 94.1% (vs. 94.2%) and accuracy was 94.1% (vs. 96.7%). The fovea-centered CFDL model overall performed better than video-based model and was as accurate as the best bespoke model. Conclusion This comparative study demonstrated that code-free models created by clinicians without coding expertise perform as accurately as expert-designed bespoke models at classifying various retinal pathologies from OCT videos and images. CFDL represents a step forward towards the democratization of AI in medicine, although its numerous limitations must be carefully addressed to ensure its effective application in healthcare.
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- 2024
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12. Real-life clinical management patterns in extensive-stage small cell lung cancer across France: a multi-method study
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Bertrand Mennecier, Jonathan Khalifa, Renaud Descourt, Laurent Greillier, Charles Naltet, and Lionel Falchero
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Small cell lung cancer ,Extensive-stage ,Clinical management ,Immunotherapy ,First-line therapy ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
Abstract Background We designed this study based on both a physician practice survey and real-world patient data to: (1) evaluate clinical management practices in extensive-stage small cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC) among medical centers located across France; and (2) describe first-line treatment patterns among patients with ES-SCLC following the introduction of immunotherapy into clinical practice. Methods A 50-item questionnaire was completed by physicians from 45 medical centers specialized in SCLC management. Responses were collected from June 2022 to January 2023. The survey questions addressed diagnostic workup of ES-SCLC, chemoimmunotherapy in first-line and second-line settings, and use of prophylactic cranial irradiation (PCI) and radiotherapy. In parallel, using a chart review approach, we retrospectively analyzed aggregated information from 548 adults with confirmed ES-SCLC receiving first-line treatment in the same centers. Results In ES-SCLC, treatment planning is based on chest computed tomography (CT) (as declared by 100% of surveyed centers). Mean time between diagnosis and treatment initiation was 2–7 days, as declared by 82% of centers. For detection of brain metastases, the most common imaging test was brain CT (84%). The main exclusion criteria for first-line immunotherapy in the centers were autoimmune disease (87%), corticosteroid therapy (69%), interstitial lung disease (69%), and performance status ≥ 2 (69%). Overall, 53% and 36% of centers considered that patients are chemotherapy-sensitive if they relapse within ≥ 3 months or ≥ 6 months after first-line chemoimmunotherapy, respectively. Among the 548 analyzed patients, 409 (75%) received chemoimmunotherapy as a first-line treatment, 374 (91%) of whom received carboplatin plus etoposide and 35 (9%) cisplatin plus etoposide. Overall, 340/548 patients (62%) received maintenance immunotherapy. Most patients (68%) did not receive radiotherapy or PCI. Conclusions There is an overall alignment of practices reflecting recent clinical guidelines among medical centers managing ES-SCLC across France, and a high prescription rate of immunotherapy in the first-line setting.
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- 2024
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13. 3D Unsupervised deep learning method for magnetic resonance imaging-to-computed tomography synthesis in prostate radiotherapy
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Blanche Texier, Cédric Hémon, Adélie Queffélec, Jason Dowling, Igor Bessieres, Peter Greer, Oscar Acosta, Adrien Boue-Rafle, Renaud de Crevoisier, Caroline Lafond, Joël Castelli, Anaïs Barateau, and Jean-Claude Nunes
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cGAN ,Synthetic CT ,Unsupervised learning ,Perceptual loss ,Medical physics. Medical radiology. Nuclear medicine ,R895-920 ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
Background and purpose: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-to-computed tomography (CT) synthesis is essential in MRI-only radiotherapy workflows, particularly through deep learning techniques known for their accuracy. However, current supervised methods are limited to specific center’s learnings and depend on registration precision. The aim of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of unsupervised and supervised approaches in the context of prostate MRI-to-CT generation for radiotherapy dose calculation. Methods: CT/MRI image pairs from 99 prostate cancer patients across three different centers were used. A comparison between supervised and unsupervised conditional Generative Adversarial Networks (cGAN) was conducted. Unsupervised training incorporates a style transfer method with. Content and Style Representation for Enhanced Perceptual synthesis (CREPs) loss. For dose evaluation, the photon prescription dose was 60 Gy delivered in volumetric modulated arc therapy (VMAT). Imaging endpoint for sCT evaluation was Mean Absolute Error (MAE). Dosimetric endpoints included absolute dose differences and gamma analysis between CT and sCT dose calculations. Results: The unsupervised paired network exhibited the highest accuracy for the body with a MAE at 33.6 HU, the highest MAE was 45.5 HU obtained with unsupervised unpaired learning. All architectures provided clinically acceptable results for dose calculation with gamma pass rates above 94 % (1 % 1 mm 10 %). Conclusions: This study shows that multicenter data can produce accurate sCTs via unsupervised learning, eliminating CT-MRI registration. The sCTs not only matched HU values but also enabled precise dose calculations, suggesting their potential for wider use in MRI-only radiotherapy workflows.
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- 2024
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14. Human stem cell–derived neurons and astrocytes to detect novel auto-reactive IgG response in immune-mediated neurological diseases
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Amandine Mathias, Sylvain Perriot, Samuel Jones, Mathieu Canales, Raphaël Bernard-Valnet, Marie Gimenez, Nathan Torcida, Larise Oberholster, Andreas F. Hottinger, Anastasia Zekeridou, Marie Theaudin, Caroline Pot, and Renaud Du Pasquier
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auto-antibody ,human-induced pluripotent stem cells ,neural cells ,NMO seronegative ,auto-immune encephalitis/paraneoplastic syndrome ,immune-mediated neurological syndromes ,Immunologic diseases. Allergy ,RC581-607 - Abstract
Background and objectivesUp to 46% of patients with presumed autoimmune limbic encephalitis are seronegative for all currently known central nervous system (CNS) antigens. We developed a cell-based assay (CBA) to screen for novel neural antibodies in serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) using neurons and astrocytes derived from human-induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs).MethodsHuman iPSC-derived astrocytes or neurons were incubated with serum/CSF from 99 patients [42 with inflammatory neurological diseases (IND) and 57 with non-IND (NIND)]. The IND group included 11 patients with previously established neural antibodies, six with seronegative neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), 12 with suspected autoimmune encephalitis/paraneoplastic syndrome (AIE/PNS), and 13 with other IND (OIND). IgG binding to fixed CNS cells was detected using fluorescently-labeled antibodies and analyzed through automated fluorescence measures. IgG neuronal/astrocyte reactivity was further analyzed by flow cytometry. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were used as CNS-irrelevant control target cells. Reactivity profile was defined as positive using a Robust regression and Outlier removal test with a false discovery rate at 10% following each individual readout.ResultsUsing our CBA, we detected antibodies recognizing hiPSC-derived neural cells in 19/99 subjects. Antibodies bound specifically to astrocytes in nine cases, to neurons in eight cases, and to both cell types in two cases, as confirmed by microscopy single-cell analyses. Highlighting the significance of our comprehensive 96-well CBA assay, neural-specific antibody binding was more frequent in IND (15 of 42) than in NIND patients (4 of 57) (Fisher’s exact test, p = 0.0005). Two of four AQP4+ NMO and four of seven definite AIE/PNS with intracellular-reactive antibodies [1 GFAP astrocytopathy, 2 Hu+, 1 Ri+ AIE/PNS)], as identified in diagnostic laboratories, were also positive with our CBA. Most interestingly, we showed antibody-reactivity in two of six seronegative NMOSD, six of 12 probable AIE/PNS, and one of 13 OIND. Flow cytometry using hiPSC-derived CNS cells or PBMC-detected antibody binding in 13 versus zero patients, respectively, establishing the specificity of the detected antibodies for neural tissue.ConclusionOur unique hiPSC-based CBA allows for the testing of novel neuron-/astrocyte-reactive antibodies in patients with suspected immune-mediated neurological syndromes, and negative testing in established routine laboratories, opening new perspectives in establishing a diagnosis of such complex diseases.
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- 2024
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15. Active NEMS combining a single crystal silicon mechanical structure and an embedded MOSFET transistor for sensing and RF applications
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Ollier, E., Berthelot, A., Duraffourg, L., Colinet, E., Arcamone, J., Renaux, P., Renaud, D., Robert, P., Casset, F., and Ancey, P.
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- 2011
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16. Exploring risk factors of pelvic organ prolapse at eastern of Democratic Republic of Congo: a case-control study
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Eloge Ilunga-Mbaya, Denis Mukwege, Renaud De Tayrac, Branly Mbunga, Raha Maroyi, Mukanire Ntakwinja, and Mushengezi Amani Dieudonné Sengeyi
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Low-income countries ,Pelvic organ prolapse ,Risk factors ,Gynecology and obstetrics ,RG1-991 ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Abstract Background Pelvic organ prolapse is a common debilitating condition worldwide. Despite surgical treatment, its recurrence can reach up to 30%. It has multiple risk factors, some of which are particular for a low-resource settings. The identification these factors would help to devise risk models allowing the development of prevention policies. The objective of this study was to explore risk factors for pelvic organ prolapse in a population in eastern Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). Methods This was an unmatched case-control study conducted between January 2021 and January 2022. The sample size was estimated to be a total of 434 women (217 with prolapse as cases and 217 without prolapse as controls). Data comparisons were made using the Chi-Square and Student T tests. Binary and multivariate logistic regressions were used to determine associated factors. A p
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- 2024
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17. The transcription factor ChREBP Orchestrates liver carcinogenesis by coordinating the PI3K/AKT signaling and cancer metabolism
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Emmanuel Benichou, Bolaji Seffou, Selin Topçu, Ophélie Renoult, Véronique Lenoir, Julien Planchais, Caroline Bonner, Catherine Postic, Carina Prip-Buus, Claire Pecqueur, Sandra Guilmeau, Marie-Clotilde Alves-Guerra, and Renaud Dentin
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Science - Abstract
Abstract Cancer cells integrate multiple biosynthetic demands to drive unrestricted proliferation. How these cellular processes crosstalk to fuel cancer cell growth is still not fully understood. Here, we uncover the mechanisms by which the transcription factor Carbohydrate responsive element binding protein (ChREBP) functions as an oncogene during hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) development. Mechanistically, ChREBP triggers the expression of the PI3K regulatory subunit p85α, to sustain the activity of the pro-oncogenic PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in HCC. In parallel, increased ChREBP activity reroutes glucose and glutamine metabolic fluxes into fatty acid and nucleic acid synthesis to support PI3K/AKT-mediated HCC growth. Thus, HCC cells have a ChREBP-driven circuitry that ensures balanced coordination between PI3K/AKT signaling and appropriate cell anabolism to support HCC development. Finally, pharmacological inhibition of ChREBP by SBI-993 significantly suppresses in vivo HCC tumor growth. Overall, we show that targeting ChREBP with specific inhibitors provides an attractive therapeutic window for HCC treatment.
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- 2024
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18. Cholinergic Differentiation of Presumptive Adrenergic Neuroblasts in Interspecific Chimeras after Heterotopic Transplantations
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Le Douarin, Nicole M., Renaud, D., Teillet, M. A., and Le Douarin, G. H.
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- 1975
19. Exploring the role of brain-derived extracellular vesicles in viral infections: from pathological insights to biomarker potential
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Larise Oberholster, Renaud Du Pasquier, and Amandine Mathias
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extracellular vesicles ,neurotropic viruses ,biomarker ,pathogenesis ,herpes simplex ,polyomavirus ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are membrane-bound vesicles secreted by all cell types that play a central role in cell-to-cell communication. Since these vesicles serve as vehicles of cellular content (nucleic acids, proteins and lipids) with the potential to cross biological barriers, they represent a novel attractive window into an otherwise inaccessible organ, such as the brain. The composition of EVs is cell-type specific and mirrors the physiological condition of the cell-of-origin. Consequently, during viral infection, EVs undergo significant changes in their content and morphology, thereby reflecting alterations in the cellular state. Here, we briefly summarize the potential of brain-derived EVs as a lens into viral infection in the central nervous system, thereby: 1) uncovering underlying pathophysiological processes at play and 2) serving as liquid biopsies of the brain, representing a non-invasive source of biomarkers for monitoring disease activity. Although translating the potential of EVs from research to diagnosis poses complexities, characterizing brain-derived EVs in the context of viral infections holds promise to enhance diagnostic and therapeutic strategies, offering new avenues for managing infectious neurological diseases.
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- 2024
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20. Uncommon MET mutational landscape in a non-small cell lung cancer patient treated with crizotinib: Case report
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Margaux Geier, Jessica Nguyen, Estelle Dhamelincourt, Hélène Babey, Renaud Descourt, Gilles Quéré, Gilles Robinet, François Lucia, and Mathilde Pacault
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Case report ,Non-small cell lung cancer ,MET ,Resistance mechanisms ,Crizotinib ,Science (General) ,Q1-390 ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
Background: MET exon 14 (METex14) skipping mutations are oncogenic drivers observed in approximately 3–4% of non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLC). Several distinct genetic alterations leading to METex14 have been reported but clinical significances of rare mutations are not well defined as well as outcomes of patients upon MET inhibitors (METi). Case presentation: This report presents the case of a patient with metastatic NSCLC harboring an uncommon MET mutational landscape including notably a novel METex14 mutation (R1022L). Dramatic but transient efficacy was observed under crizotinib, due to early occurrence of acquired both on- and off-target mechanisms of resistance such as MET D1246H mutation and wild-type KRAS amplification. Conclusion: Our case provides additional data on MET rare oncogenic variants and their sensitivity to METi. Systematic assessment of post-tyrosine kinase inhibitor tumor sample remains critical to identify on- and off-target mechanisms that may represent therapeutically targetable drivers in resistant patients.
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- 2024
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21. Course of neuropsychiatric symptoms during a 4-year follow up in the REAL-FR cohort
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Gonfrier, S., Andrieu, S., Renaud, D., Vellas, B., and Robert, Ph.
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- 2012
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22. Effects of a physical activity and endometriosis-based education program delivered by videoconference on endometriosis symptoms: the CRESCENDO program (inCRease physical Exercise and Sport to Combat ENDOmetriosis) protocol study
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Géraldine Escriva-Boulley, Charles-André Philip, Sophie Warembourg, Lionel Lenotre, Patrice Flore, Patrice Faure, Thierry Michy, Vincent Letouzey, Carole Arnold, Claire Piluso, Loic Chalmel, Ramzi Kacem, Georges Fabrice Blum, Renaud Detayrac, Candice Trocmé, Isabelle Brigaud, Ulysse Herbach, Patricia Branche, Emilie Faller, and Aïna Chalabaev
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Physical activity ,Endometriosis ,Videoconference ,RCT ,Pelvic pain ,Motivational theories ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
Abstract Background Endometriosis is a chronic disease characterized by growth of endometrial tissue outside the uterine cavity which could affect 200 million women (The term “woman” is used for convenience. Individuals gendered as man or as nonbinary can also suffer from this disease) worldwide. One of the most common symptoms of endometriosis is pelvic chronic pain associated with fatigue. This pain can cause psychological distress and interpersonal difficulties. As for several chronic diseases, adapted physical activity could help to manage the physical and psychological symptoms. The present study will investigate the effects of a videoconference-based adapted physical activity combined with endometriosis-based education program on quality of life, pain, fatigue, and other psychological symptoms and on physical activity. Methods This multicentric randomized-controlled trial will propose to 200 patients with endometriosis to be part of a trial which includes a 6-month program with 45 min to more than 120 min a week of adapted physical activity and/or 12 sessions of endometriosis-based education program. Effects of the program will be compared to a control group in which patients will be placed on a waiting list. All participants will be followed up 3 and 6 months after the intervention. None of the participants will be blind to the allocated trial arm. The primary outcome measure will be quality of life. Secondary outcomes will include endometriosis-related perceived pain, fatigue, physical activity, and also self-image, stereotypes, motivational variables, perceived support, kinesiophobia, basic psychological need related to physical activity, and physical activity barriers. General linear models and multilevel models will be performed. Predictor, moderator, and mediator variables will be investigated. Discussion This study is one of the first trials to test the effects of a combined adapted physical activity and education program for improving endometriosis symptoms and physical activity. The results will help to improve care for patients with endometriosis. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT05831735 . Date of registration: April 25, 2023
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- 2023
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23. Tolerability of naso‐esophageal feeding tubes in dogs and cats at home: Retrospective review of 119 cases
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Renaud Dumont, Julie Lemetayer, Loïc Desquilbet, and Elodie Darnis
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anorexia ,cats ,dog ,enteral feeding ,nutritional support ,Veterinary medicine ,SF600-1100 - Abstract
Abstract Background The use of naso‐esophageal feeding tubes (NFT) at home could represent an alternative way to reduce the costs for owners and facilitate enteral feeding until recovery of a spontaneous appetite. Objective To describe the use of NFT at home in dogs and cats and evaluate the satisfaction of owners and their capacity to handle the device. Animals One hundred nineteen client‐owned animals (90 cats and 29 dogs) which remained anorexic during hospitalization and were discharged with NFT for at least 24 hours after placement. Methods Medical records were reviewed retrospectively, and owners were contacted by telephone calls. Complications were reported according to their relative severity (minor and major). Owners were asked to report their experience and comfort with NFT management. Results Naso‐esophageal feeding tubes were kept in place at home for a median of 6 days (range, 1‐17) and 62.2% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 53.3‐70.7) of animals recovered a spontaneous appetite while wearing NFT, 60% (95% CI: 44.4‐75.6) of the remaining animals recovered a spontaneous appetite after removal. Overall complication rate was 65.5% (95% CI: 57.0‐74.0), but only 18.5% (95% CI: 11.5‐25.5) required a consultation and no life‐threatening complication occurred. Owners were satisfied in 94.1% (95% CI: 89.9‐98.3) of cases. Conclusion and Clinical Importance Although most animals discharged with NFT at home presented complications, no major adverse effects were reported and NFT were easily handled by owners. This study provides evidence that NFT can be well tolerated at home.
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- 2023
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24. Treatment of recurrent hunting‐associated respiratory distress episodes in 2 dogs
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Renaud Dumont, Chloé Touzet, Eymeric Gomes, and Kevin Le Boedec
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exercise‐induced pulmonary hemorrhage ,furosemide ,metanephrine ,normetanephrine ,respiratory distress ,sympathetic blockers ,Veterinary medicine ,SF600-1100 - Abstract
Abstract Noncardiogenic pulmonary edema (NCPE) in hunting dogs is an uncommon and poorly described condition for which no preventive treatment is available. Two dogs were presented for recurrent respiratory distress strictly associated with hunting activities. Diagnosis was based on bilateral, symmetrical, interstitial‐to‐alveolar pattern in the caudodorsal lung fields on thoracic radiographs, exclusion of other causes, and spontaneous clinical and radiographic improvement. Considering that the pathogenesis of exercise‐induced NCPE likely involves α‐ and β‐adrenergic overstimulation, treatment with sympathetic blockers was used in both dogs. The first dog no longer showed respiratory signs during hunting activities. However, treatment failed to prevent respiratory distress in the other dog. Based on the large number of red blood cells in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid of the second dog, exercise‐induced pulmonary hemorrhage was suspected, as described in racing horses. The loop diuretic furosemide successfully prevented further hunting‐associated respiratory distress episodes in this dog.
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- 2023
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25. SARS-CoV-2 infects epithelial cells of the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier rather than endothelial cells or pericytes of the blood-brain barrier
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Chiara Stüdle, Hideaki Nishihara, Sven Wischnewski, Laila Kulsvehagen, Sylvain Perriot, Hiroshi Ishikawa, Horst Schroten, Stephan Frank, Nikolaus Deigendesch, Renaud Du Pasquier, Lucas Schirmer, Anne-Katrin Pröbstel, and Britta Engelhardt
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SARS-CoV-2 ,Blood-brain barrier ,Blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier ,hiPSC-derived brain microvascular endothelial cells ,Choroid plexus epithelial cells ,Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ,RC346-429 - Abstract
Abstract Background As a consequence of SARS-CoV-2 infection various neurocognitive and neuropsychiatric symptoms can appear, which may persist for several months post infection. However, cell type-specific routes of brain infection and underlying mechanisms resulting in neuroglial dysfunction are not well understood. Methods Here, we investigated the susceptibility of cells constituting the blood-brain barrier (BBB) and the blood-cerebrospinal fluid barrier (BCSFB) of the choroid plexus (ChP) to SARS-CoV-2 infection using human induced pluripotent stem cell (hiPSC)-derived cellular models and a ChP papilloma-derived epithelial cell line as well as ChP tissue from COVID-19 patients, respectively. Results We noted a differential infectibility of hiPSC-derived brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs) depending on the differentiation method. Extended endothelial culture method (EECM)-BMECs characterized by a complete set of endothelial markers, good barrier properties and a mature immune phenotype were refractory to SARS-CoV-2 infection and did not exhibit an activated phenotype after prolonged SARS-CoV-2 inoculation. In contrast, defined medium method (DMM)-BMECs, characterized by a mixed endothelial and epithelial phenotype and excellent barrier properties were productively infected by SARS-CoV-2 in an ACE2-dependent manner. hiPSC-derived brain pericyte-like cells (BPLCs) lacking ACE2 expression were not susceptible to SARS-CoV-2 infection. Furthermore, the human choroid plexus papilloma-derived epithelial cell line HIBCPP, modeling the BCSFB was productively infected by SARS-CoV-2 preferentially from the basolateral side, facing the blood compartment. Assessment of ChP tissue from COVID-19 patients by RNA in situ hybridization revealed SARS-CoV-2 transcripts in ChP epithelial and ChP stromal cells. Conclusions Our study shows that the BCSFB of the ChP rather than the BBB is susceptible to direct SARS-CoV-2 infection. Thus, neuropsychiatric symptoms because of COVID-19 may rather be associated with dysfunction of the BCSFB than the BBB. Future studies should consider a role of the ChP in underlying neuropsychiatric symptoms following SARS-CoV-2 infection.
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- 2023
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26. The effect of noise barriers on viaducts on pollutant dispersion in complex street canyons
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Tingzhen Ming, Fangyan He, Yongjia Wu, Tianhao Shi, Changrong Su, Caixia Wang, Zhengtong Li, Wei Chen, and Renaud de Richter
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ANSYS FLUENT ,Carbon monoxide ,Computational fluid dynamics (CFD) ,Near-road environment ,Traffic related air pollutants (TRAP) ,Environmental technology. Sanitary engineering ,TD1-1066 ,Building construction ,TH1-9745 - Abstract
The noise reduction effect of noise barriers has been extensively studied, but the effect on pollutant dispersion remains unclear. A computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulation is conducted to investigate the effects of different heights, lengths, and types of noise barriers and different wind speeds on pollutant dispersion in street canyons with viaducts. The field synergy theory of the convective mass transfer process is used for quantitative analysis of pollutant dispersion in street canyons. The results show that as the height and length of the noise barrier increase, the pollutant dispersion capacity decreases. As the wind speed increases, the rate of decrease in the average CO concentration declines. The effect of the wind speed on the synergistic improvement of the speed and concentration gradient vectors differs for different types of noise barriers. The performance follows the order: fully-closed noise barrier > left noise barrier > right noise barrier > semi-closed noise barrier. The different noise barrier types significantly impact the flow field and pollutant dispersion and reduce the CO concentration to varying degrees, except for the fully-closed type. The average CO concentration in the pedestrian breathing zone is reduced by a maximum of 55.85% on the leeward side and by 53% on the windward side, indicating that an appropriate noise barrier on the viaduct reduces noise pollution and improves the air quality in street canyons, especially in the pedestrian breathing zone.
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- 2023
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27. X-Ray Micro-Calorimeter Based on Si Thermistors for X-Ray Astronomy: Design and First Measurements
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Aliane, A., De Moro, F., Pigot, C., Agnese, P., de la Broïse, X., Gasse, A., Navick, X.-F., Karolak, M., Ribot, H., Sauvageot, J.-L., Szeflinski, V., Gobil, Y., Renaud, D., Rivallin, P., and Geoffray, H.
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- 2008
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28. Colostrum management practices that improve the transfer of passive immunity in neonatal dairy calves: A scoping review.
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Uyama, T., Kelton, D. F., Winder, C. B., Dunn, J., Goetz, H. M., LeBlanc, S. J., McClure, J. T., and Renaud, D. L.
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MATERNALLY acquired immunity ,COLOSTRUM ,CALVES ,BLOOD proteins - Abstract
The objective of this scoping review was to describe the literature on the characteristics and management practices of colostrum feeding and their associations with the level of transfer of passive immunity (TPI) in dairy calves. Observational and experimental studies were searched in 5 electronic databases and 3 conference proceedings. Two reviewers independently screened primary studies, either analytic observational or experimental studies written in English. Studies on dairy or dual-purpose calves with passive immunity analyzed by blood sampling between 1 to 9 days of age were included. All studies had to compare at least one colostrum intervention or risk factor and their association with passive immunity. Of the 3,675 initially identified studies, 256 were included in this synthesis. One hundred and ninety-five were controlled trials, 57 were cohort studies, and 4 were cross-sectional studies. The effect of colostral quantity at first feeding was investigated in 30 controlled studies including studies that were comparable to each other. The effect of colostral quality was explored in 24 controlled studies with inconsistent criteria used to define the quality. The effect of the timing of first feeding of colostrum was investigated in 21 controlled studies, where the timing of feeding ranged widely from immediately after birth to 60 h of age. Only 4 controlled studies evaluated the relationship between bacterial load in the colostrum and TPI in dairy calves. Of the 256 total studies, 222 assessed blood IgG concentration while 107 measured blood total protein concentration. We identified a gap in knowledge on the association between passive immunity in dairy calves and the bacterial load in colostrum, or the timing of harvesting colostrum from the dam. A possible quantitative synthesis could be conducted among the studies that evaluated colostral quantity at the first feeding in relation to TPI in dairy calves. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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29. Contrast-Enhancing Lesion Segmentation in Multiple Sclerosis: A Deep Learning Approach Validated in a Multicentric Cohort
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Martina Greselin, Po-Jui Lu, Lester Melie-Garcia, Mario Ocampo-Pineda, Riccardo Galbusera, Alessandro Cagol, Matthias Weigel, Nina de Oliveira Siebenborn, Esther Ruberte, Pascal Benkert, Stefanie Müller, Sebastian Finkener, Jochen Vehoff, Giulio Disanto, Oliver Findling, Andrew Chan, Anke Salmen, Caroline Pot, Claire Bridel, Chiara Zecca, Tobias Derfuss, Johanna M. Lieb, Michael Diepers, Franca Wagner, Maria I. Vargas, Renaud Du Pasquier, Patrice H. Lalive, Emanuele Pravatà, Johannes Weber, Claudio Gobbi, David Leppert, Olaf Chan-Hi Kim, Philippe C. Cattin, Robert Hoepner, Patrick Roth, Ludwig Kappos, Jens Kuhle, and Cristina Granziera
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deep learning ,multiple sclerosis ,automatic segmentation ,gadolinium contrast-enhancing lesions ,Technology ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
The detection of contrast-enhancing lesions (CELs) is fundamental for the diagnosis and monitoring of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). This task is time-consuming and suffers from high intra- and inter-rater variability in clinical practice. However, only a few studies proposed automatic approaches for CEL detection. This study aimed to develop a deep learning model that automatically detects and segments CELs in clinical Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) scans. A 3D UNet-based network was trained with clinical MRI from the Swiss Multiple Sclerosis Cohort. The dataset comprised 372 scans from 280 MS patients: 162 showed at least one CEL, while 118 showed no CELs. The input dataset consisted of T1-weighted before and after gadolinium injection, and FLuid Attenuated Inversion Recovery images. The sampling strategy was based on a white matter lesion mask to confirm the existence of real contrast-enhancing lesions. To overcome the dataset imbalance, a weighted loss function was implemented. The Dice Score Coefficient and True Positive and False Positive Rates were 0.76, 0.93, and 0.02, respectively. Based on these results, the model developed in this study might well be considered for clinical decision support.
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- 2024
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30. Neuro-Oncologic Veterinary Trial for the Clinical Transfer of Microbeam Radiation Therapy: Acute to Subacute Radiotolerance after Brain Tumor Irradiation in Pet Dogs
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Laura Eling, Samy Kefs, Sarvenaz Keshmiri, Jacques Balosso, Susan Calvet, Gabriel Chamel, Renaud Drevon-Gaud, Isabelle Flandin, Maxime Gaudin, Lucile Giraud, Jean Albert Laissue, Paolo Pellicioli, Camille Verry, Jean-François Adam, and Raphaël Serduc
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Synchrotron Microbeam Radiation Therapy ,dog brain tumor ,acute to subacute radiation effects ,clinical transfer phase ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
Synchrotron Microbeam Radiation Therapy (MRT) has repeatedly proven its superiority compared with conventional radiotherapy for glioma control in preclinical research. The clinical transfer phase of MRT has recently gained momentum; seven dogs with suspected glioma were treated under clinical conditions to determine the feasibility and safety of MRT. We administered a single fraction of 3D-conformal, image-guided MRT. Ultra-high-dose rate synchrotron X-ray microbeams (50 µm-wide, 400 µm-spaced) were delivered through five conformal irradiation ports. The PTV received ~25 Gy peak dose (within microbeams) per port, corresponding to a minimal cumulated valley dose (diffusing between microbeams) of 2.8 Gy. The dogs underwent clinical and MRI follow-up, and owner evaluations. One dog was lost to follow-up. Clinical exams of the remaining six dogs during the first 3 months did not indicate radiotoxicity induced by MRT. Quality of life improved from 7.3/10 [±0.7] to 8.9/10 [±0.3]. Tumor-induced seizure activity decreased significantly. A significant tumor volume reduction of 69% [±6%] was reached 3 months after MRT. Our study is the first neuro-oncologic veterinary trial of 3D-conformal Synchrotron MRT and reveals that MRT does not induce acute to subacute radiotoxicity in normal brain tissues. MRT improves quality of life and leads to remarkable tumor volume reduction despite low valley dose delivery. This trial is an essential step towards the forthcoming clinical application of MRT against deep-seated human brain tumors.
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- 2024
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31. Passive immunity and colostrum management practices on Ontario dairy farms and auction facilities
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Winder, C. B., Marshall, J., Tuer, B., Genore, R., and Renaud, D. L.
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Health consequences ,animal diseases ,Environmental health ,medicine.medical_treatment ,medicine ,Colostrum ,Business ,Passive immunity ,Management practices - Abstract
Failure of transfer of passive immunity (FTPI) in dairy calves has substantial health consequences, impacting wellbeing and performance. There have been no recent estimates of the prevalence of FTPI on Ontario dairy farms. The objectives of this cross-sectional study were to determine the level of FTPI in both male and female dairy calves across the province of Ontario, as well as determine colostrum management practices through an in-person questionnaire., American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2020
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- 2020
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32. From newborn to puberty
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Fischer-Tlustos, A.J., Renaud, D. L., and Steele, M. A.
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Whole milk ,Animal science ,Dairy heifer ,medicine.medical_treatment ,medicine ,food and beverages ,Colostrum ,Weaning ,Health and development ,Passive immunity ,Biology - Abstract
Proper nutritional management during the first year of the calf’s life is essential in maximizing health and productivity. Feeding a sufficient volume of colostrum early in life is crucial to ensure the transfer of passive immunity and research has begun to characterize the additional bioactive compounds in colostrum and transition milk that can benefit calf development. We know that it is important to feed elevated levels of whole milk or milk replacer during the initial weeks of life, when starter intake is negligible, but further research regarding the effects of feeding large volumes of traditional milk replacers compared to whole milk on calf metabolism, health and development is required. When elevated levels of milk are fed preweaning, calves are often susceptible to production challenges during weaning, which can be mitigated by weaning gradually and later in life. It is also becoming clear that postweaning diets, which are often overlooked, can have profound effects on heifer growth and reproductive development. It is clear that a multitude of differing strategies to raise dairy calves exist; yet, it is up to the dairy research and industry communities to educate producers on specific practices that will maximize heifer development, immunity, health and ultimately the profitability of their operations., American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2020
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- 2020
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33. Antimicrobial use and decision making with respect to treatment of diarrhea in Canadian dairy calves
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Uyama, T., Kelton, D., LeBlanc, S., Léger, D., Dufour, S., Roy, J., Barkema, H., de Jong, E., McCubbin, K., Fonseca, M., Heider, L., and Renaud, D.
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case-specific information ,treatment protocol ,dairy calf - Abstract
Oral Presentation at the 2020 ADSA Annual Meeting (online). Antimicrobial resistance in livestock is a growing concern due to possible transmission to humans so it is important to understand antimicrobial use in farm animals. Dairy calves may receive antimicrobials for the treatment of diarrhea, but it is unclear under what circumstances antimicrobials are used. The objective of this study is to investigate antimicrobial use and case-specific information used in treating diarrhea in Canadian dairy calves. A total of 105 dairy farmers (Ontario: 31; Alberta: 28; British Columbia: 26; Nova Scotia: 20) were selected purposively and completed a questionnaire in person about calf health. First, farmers were asked, “Do you use antimicrobials to treat calf diarrhea?” Second, only those who used antimicrobials to treat diarrhea were asked, “What case-specific information do you use to select a diarrhea case for antimicrobial treatment?” Respondents were instructed to select all that apply from a list of 4 symptoms (fecal consistency, fever, attitude, level of dehydration) or otherwise specified. The average herd size was 162 milking cows (range 36–560). Among 105 farmers, 72% used antimicrobials to treat diarrhea. Among those who used antimicrobials for diarrhea, 78% used “fecal consistency,” 61% used “fever,” 55% used “attitude,” 53% used “level of dehydration,” and 28% used 11 other characteristics as indicators to treat diarrhea with antimicrobials. The most common answer was selecting all 4 symptoms given, which was selected by 20% of those who used antimicrobials to treat diarrhea. Among 59 farmers who used fecal consistency as an indicator to treat diarrhea with antimicrobials, only 15% solely used this criterion. Among 91 farmers who were asked whether they had a written treatment protocol for calf diarrhea, 35% reported that they have the protocol and 94% of them were discussed with veterinarians. Treatment decisions could be improved for those who solely depend on fecal consistency as an indicator to treat diarrhea with antimicrobials, as well as developing protocols with a veterinarian, to encourage prudent use of antimicrobials in dairy calves. Dairy Research Cluster 3 - Canada, Dairy Farmers of Ontario
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- 2020
34. Antimicrobial use and decision making with respect to treatment of respiratory disease in Canadian dairy calves
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Uyama, T., Kelton, D., LeBlanc, S., Léger, D., Dufour, S., Roy, J., Barkema, H., de Jong, E., McCubbin, K., Fonseca, M., Heider, L., and Renaud, D.
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case-specific information ,treatment protocol ,dairy calf - Abstract
Poster Presentation at the 2020 ADSA Annual Meeting (online). Antimicrobial resistance in livestock is a growing concern due to possible transmission to humans. Thus, it is important to understand antimicrobial use in farm animals. Dairy calves receive antimicrobials for the treatment of respiratory diseases, but it is unclear under what circumstances antimicrobials are used. The objective of this study is to investigate antimicrobial use and case-specific information used in treating respiratory diseases in Canadian dairy calves. A total of 105 dairy farmers (Ontario: 31; Alberta: 28; British Columbia: 26; Nova Scotia: 20) were selected purposively and completed a questionnaire in person about calf health. First, farmers were asked, “Do you use antimicrobials to treat respiratory diseases in calves”?. Second, only those who used antimicrobials to treat respiratory diseases were asked, “What case-specific information do you use to select a respiratory disease case for antimicrobial treatment”?. Respondents were instructed to select all that apply from a list of 4 symptoms (elevated breathing/respiratory rate, spontaneous/induced coughing, fever, presence of nasal/eye discharge) or otherwise specified. The average herd size was 162 milking cows (range 36–560). Among 105 farmers, 98% used antimicrobials to treat respiratory diseases. Among those who used antimicrobials for respiratory diseases, 80% used “elevated breathing/respiratory rate,” 67% used “spontaneous/induced coughing,” 61% used “fever,” 48% used “presence of nasal/eye discharge,” and 33% used other characteristics as indicators to treat respiratory diseases with antimicrobials. Among 34 farmers who specified other characteristics than symptoms given, 38% used “lethargy” and 35% used “lack of appetite” as an indicator for treatment. Among 91 farmers who were asked whether they had a written treatment protocol for respiratory diseases in calves, 35% reported that they have the protocol and 97% of them were discussed with veterinarians. Treatment decisions could be refined with inclusion of additional simple criteria to identify calves that require antimicrobials for their health or welfare. Dairy Research Cluster 3 - Canada, Dairy Farmers of Ontario
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- 2020
35. Disbudding and dehorning practices for pre-weaned dairy calves by farmers in Wisconsin
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Saraceni, J., Van Os, J., Miltenburg, C., Nelson, E., Renaud, D., Winder, C., Akins, M., Olivett, T., Kohlman, T., Schlesser, H., Schley, B., Stuttgen, S., and Versweyveld, J.
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welfare ,anesthetic ,survey - Abstract
Oral Presentation at the 2020 ADSA Annual Meeting (online). The objective of this study was to understand common dehorning and disbudding practices in Wisconsin to better target extension education programming to encourage adoption of best practices. A survey was distributed in 2019 to dairy farmers and calf raisers, both online and at extension events. Of all Wisconsin respondents (n = 188), producers reported milking a mean of 486 cows and had a mean of 110 heifer calves being fed milk. Respondents could select more than one method of disbudding or dehorning if used on their calves. A total of 126 producers (67%) reported using caustic paste for disbudding, with application most commonly occurring on the day of birth (64; 51%) or between 1 d to 1 wk of age (52; 41%). Hot iron disbudding was reported by 112 producers (60%) and disbudding occurred most commonly at 8 weeks of age or older (39; 35%) followed by between 4 to 8 weeks of age (38; 34%), and between 1 to 4 weeks of age (30; 27%). Of 40 producers reporting surgical amputation methods, 37 (93%) reported disbudding at 8 weeks of age or older. Response rate for the respondents reported using pain control, with 28 (33%) using a combination of medications. When each medication was evaluated individually, 40 respondents reported using a local anesthetic (21%), 65 reported using an NSAID (35%) and 10 reported using a sedative (5%). Response rate for questions regarding changes to pain control was 90% (170/188). Over half of the respondents (96/170) reported their use of pain control medications had changed in the last 10 years, with the most common cited influence of change being their veterinarian (66; 68%), and public perception/consumer demand (28; 29%). Results of this study demonstrate a proportion of surveyed farmers continue to perform disbudding without pain mitigation. These findings suggest a need for targeted extension education programming to encourage the implementation of best practices for pain-control and to motivate farmers to perform disbudding at an earlier age. Dairy Farmers of Ontario, Ontario Agri-Food Innovation Alliance, University of Guelph, Ontario Veterinary College - Dept. Population Medicine
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- 2020
36. Approach for a standardized methodology for multisite processing of 300-mm wafers at R&D sites
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Oechsner, Richard, Pfeffer, M., Schellenberger, M., Roeder, G., Pfitzner, L., Ryssel, H., Fritzsche, M., Kaushik, V., Renaud, D., Danel, A., Claeys, C., Bearda, T., Lering, M., Graef, M., Murphy, B., Walther, H., and Hury, S.
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Nanotechnology -- Analysis ,Semiconductor device ,Business ,Computers ,Electronics ,Electronics and electrical industries - Abstract
This paper describes the objectives and results of a joint European project named FLYING WAFER. The goal of the project was to provide a methodology for interlinking European R&D centers in micro and nano technologies to a distributed 300-mm CMOS R&D line. The project was carried out as a feasibility study. Therefore, the results provide a model and concept which has the potential of guaranteeing a safe and fast exchange of wafers and data between European R&D nodes to allow multisite processing. An implementation phase is planned as a second step. Index Terms--Multisite processing, nanotechnology, semiconductor manufacturing, 300 mm.
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- 2007
37. Glucose-free medium exacerbatesmicrovesicular steatosis in cultured skin fibroblasts of genetic defects of fatty acid oxidation. A novel screening test
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Renaud, D. L., Edwards, V., Wilson, G. J., and Tein, I.
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- 2002
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38. FLYING WAFER - A STANDARDISED METHODOLOGY FOR MULTI-SITE PROCESSING OF 300 MM WAFERS AT R&D-SITES
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Frickinger, J., Oechsner, R., Schellenberger, M., Pfeffer, M., Pfitzner, L., Ryssel, H., Claeys, C., Claes, M., Bearda, T., Renaud, D., Danel, A., Lering, M., Graef, M., Kaushik, V., Murphy, B., Fritzsche, M., Walther, H., and Hury, S.
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- 2006
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39. Incidence of venous thromboembolism and association with PD-L1 expression in advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients treated with first-line chemo-immunotherapy
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Liliana Aguiar De Azevedo, Charles Orione, Cécile Tromeur, Francis Couturaud, Renaud Descourt, and Margaux Geier
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venous thromboembolism ,non-small cell lung cancer ,PD-L1 expression ,chemo-immunotherapy ,VTE recurrence ,bleeding complications ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
BackgroundVenous thromboembolism (VTE) is a serious complication in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients. The use of thromboprophylactic therapy is subject to an accurate assessment of the VTE risk depending on patients, tumor characteristics and type of systemic antineoplastic treatments. However, little is known concerning the risk of VTE in patients suffering from an advanced NSCLC treated with first-line chemo-immunotherapy and the impact of tumor biomarkers such as PD-L1 expression.MethodsWe performed a retrospective, observational, single-centre study in a cohort of advanced NSCLC patients treated with first-line chemo-immunotherapy. The primary endpoint was the incidence of VTE. Secondary endpoints were the cumulative incidence of VTE, the impact of PD-L1 on VTE occurrence, overall survival, the rate of VTE recurrence under anticoagulant treatment and the rate of bleeding complications.Results109 patients were included, of whom 21 (19.3%) presented a VTE event during a median follow-up of 13 months. VTE incidence at 3, 6 and 12 months was 12.1%, 15.1% and 17.5% respectively. 61% were pulmonary embolisms, 9.5% were isolated deep vein thrombosis and 14.3% were central venous catheter-related thrombosis. Our study did not show a significant impact of PD-L1 on VTE occurrence. Overall survival at 6, 12 and 24 months was 81.9%, 74.4% and 70.3% respectively. Four patients developed a recurrent VTE under anticoagulation therapy 3 to 5 months after the first VTE event. One patient suffered from a major bleeding complication while under anticoagulation therapy, leading to death.ConclusionVTE is a common complication in advanced NSCLC patients treated with concomitant chemo-immunotherapy. In our study, 19.3% of patients developed a VTE during a median follow-up of 13 months. PD-L1 did not appear to be associated with VTE occurrence. We recorded high VTE recurrence rates despite anticoagulant treatment. Further investigations are needed to determine if high PD-L1 expression is associated with VTE.
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- 2024
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40. RoBétArmé Project: Human-robot collaborative construction system for shotcrete digitization and automation through advanced perception, cognition, mobility and additive manufacturing skills [version 1; peer review: 1 approved, 2 approved with reservations]
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Rahul Tomar, Lazaros Nalpantidis, Ioannis Kostavelis, Herman Bruyninckx, Renaud Detry, Dimitrios Tzovaras, Schlette Christian, Aude Billard, Konstantinos Andronikidis, Marc Bosch, Pedram Yosefipor, Henrik Lund-Nielsen, Fernando LLano Martínez, Usman Wajid, Despoina Papargyriou, Federica Fugaroli, Gash Bhullar, Nikolay Mehandjiev, Jonas Bentzen, Estefânia Gonçalves, Christian Cremona, Mads Essenbæk, Marcos Sanchez, Mary Wong, and Dimitrios Giakoumis
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shotcrete application ,construction collaborative robot ,autonomous maintenance and inspection ,additive manufacturing ,Digital Twin ,CIM and BIM ,eng ,Science ,Social Sciences - Abstract
The importance of construction automation has grown worldwide, aiming to deliver new machineries for the automation of roads, tunnels, bridges, buildings and earth-work construction. This need is mainly driven by (i) the shortage and rising costs of skilled workers, (ii) the tremendous increased needs for new infrastructures to serve the daily activities and (iii) the immense demand for maintenance of ageing infrastructure. Shotcrete (sprayed concrete) is increasingly becoming popular technology among contractors and builders, as its application is extremely economical and flexible as the growth in construction repairs in developed countries demand excessive automation of concrete placement. Even if shotcrete technology is heavily mechanized, the actual application is still performed manually at a large extend. RoBétArméEuropean project targets the Construction 4.0 transformation of the construction with shotcrete with the adoption of breakthrough technologies such as sensors, augmented reality systems, high-performance computing, additive manufacturing, advanced materials, autonomous robots and simulation systems, technologies that have already been studied and applied so far in Industry 4.0. The paper at hand showcases the development of a novel robotic system with advanced perception, cognition and digitization capabilities for the automation of all phases of shotcrete application. In particular, the challenges and barriers in shotcrete automation are presented and the RoBétArmésuggested solutions are outlined. We introduce a basic conceptual architecture of the system to be developed and we demonstrate the four application scenarios on which the system is designated to operate.
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- 2024
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41. The impact of valve surgery on short- and long-term mortality in left-sided infective endocarditis: do differences in methodological approaches explain previous conflicting results?
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Bannay, Aurélie, Hoen, Bruno, Duval, Xavier, Obadia, Jean-François, Selton-Suty, Christine, Le Moing, Vincent, Tattevin, Pierre, Iung, Bernard, Delahaye, François, Alla, François, Leport, C., Béguinot, I., Bouvet, A., Briançon, S., Bruneval, P., Danchin, N., Etienne, J., Goulet, V., Mainardi, J.L., Roudaut, R., Ruimy, R., Salamon, R., Texier-Maugein, J., Vandenesch, F., Bernard, Y., Duchêne, F., Plésiat, P., Doco-Lecompte, T., Selton-Suty, C., Weber, M., Béguinot, I., Nazeyrollas, P., Vernet, V., Garin, B., Lacassin, F., Robert, J., Andremont, A., Garbaz, E., Le Moing, V., Leport, C., Mainardi, J.L., Ruimy, R., Chidiac, C., Delahaye, F., Etienne, J., Vandenesch, F., Boucherit, S., Bourezane, Y., Nouioua, W., Renaud, D., Bouvet, A., Collobert, G., Merad, B., Schlegel, L., Bes, M., Etienne, J., and Vandenesch, F.
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- 2011
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42. Bat teeth illuminate the diversification of mammalian tooth classes
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Alexa Sadier, Neal Anthwal, Andrew L. Krause, Renaud Dessalles, Michael Lake, Laurent A. Bentolila, Robert Haase, Natalie A. Nieves, Sharlene E. Santana, and Karen E. Sears
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Science - Abstract
Abstract Tooth classes are an innovation that has contributed to the evolutionary success of mammals. However, our understanding of the mechanisms by which tooth classes diversified remain limited. We use the evolutionary radiation of noctilionoid bats to show how the tooth developmental program evolved during the adaptation to new diet types. Combining morphological, developmental and mathematical modeling approaches, we demonstrate that tooth classes develop through independent developmental cascades that deviate from classical models. We show that the diversification of tooth number and size is driven by jaw growth rate modulation, explaining the rapid gain/loss of teeth in this clade. Finally, we mathematically model the successive appearance of tooth buds, supporting the hypothesis that growth acts as a key driver of the evolution of tooth number and size. Our work reveal how growth, by tinkering with reaction/diffusion processes, drives the diversification of tooth classes and other repeated structure during adaptive radiations.
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- 2023
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43. Prospective evaluation of a telmisartan suppression test as a diagnostic tool for primary hyperaldosteronism in cats
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Maxime Kurtz, Virginie Fabrès, Renaud Dumont, Valérie Chetboul, Sabine Chahory, Vittorio Saponaro, Emilie Trehiou, Camille Poissonnier, Peggy Passavin, Coline Jondeau, Matthieu Bott, Thierry Buronfosse, and Ghita Benchekroun
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adrenal ,adrenal gland ,aldosterone ,cardiology ,cardiovascular ,endocrinology ,Veterinary medicine ,SF600-1100 - Abstract
Abstract Background In a previous study, telmisartan suppressed aldosterone secretion in healthy cats but not in cats with primary hyperaldosteronism (PHA). Hypotheses Telmisartan suppresses aldosterone secretion in middle‐aged healthy cat and cats with diseases that may result in secondary hyperaldosteronism, but not in those with PHA. Animals Thirty‐eight cats: 5 with PHA; 16 with chronic kidney disease (CKD), subclassified as hypertensive (CKD‐H) or non‐hypertensive (CKD‐NH); 9 with hyperthyroidism (HTH); 2 with idiopathic systemic arterial hypertension (ISH); and 6 healthy middle‐aged cats. Methods Prospective, cross‐sectional study. Serum aldosterone concentration, potassium concentration, and systolic blood pressure were measured before and 1 and 1.5 hours after PO administration of 2 mg/kg of telmisartan. The aldosterone variation rate (AVR) was calculated for each cat. Results No significant difference in the minimum AVR was observed among groups (median [quartile 1 (Q1); quartile 3 (Q3)]: 25 [0; 30]; 5 [−27; −75]; 10 [−6; −95]; 53 [19; 86]; 29 [5; 78]) for PHA, CKD, HTH, ISH, and healthy cats, respectively (P = .05). Basal serum aldosterone concentration (pmol/L) was significantly higher in PHA cats (median [Q1; Q3]: 2914 [2789; 4600]) than in CKD‐H cats (median [Q1; Q3]: 239 [189; 577], corrected P value = .003) and CKD‐NH cats (median [Q1; Q3]: 353 [136; 1371], corrected P value = .004). Conclusions and Clinical Importance The oral telmisartan suppression test using a single dose of 2 mg/kg telmisartan did not discriminate cats with PHA from healthy middle‐aged cats or cats with diseases that may result in secondary hyperaldosteronism.
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- 2023
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44. Evaluation of oral telmisartan administration as a suppression test for diagnosis of primary hyperaldosteronism in cats
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Virginie Fabrès, Renaud Dumont, Mélanie Garcia, Dan Rosenberg, Benoit Rannou, Maxine Kurtz, and Ghita Benchekroun
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adrenal disorder ,cardiology ,cardiovascular ,Conn disease ,feline ,hemodynamics ,Veterinary medicine ,SF600-1100 - Abstract
Abstract Background Development of a telmisartan‐based suppression test may facilitate the diagnosis of primary hyperaldosteronism (PHA) in cats, which remains difficult today. Objectives To develop a telmisartan suppression test (TST) that is safe, and able to suppress aldosterone secretion in healthy cats but not in cats with PHA. Animals Ten healthy cats and 6 cats with PHA. Methods Prospective study using a placebo‐controlled crossover design to investigate a TST in healthy cats, and evaluation of TST in cats with PHA. Plasma aldosterone concentration, potassium concentration, and systolic blood pressure (SBP) were measured before (T0), and 1 hour (T1) and 1.5 hours after (T1.5) PO administration of 1 mg/kg of telmisartan, 2 mg/kg of telmisartan or placebo. Results Median age in healthy cats was 3 years old (range, 1‐7). In healthy cats, a telmisartan dose of 2 mg/kg significantly decreased aldosterone concentration at T1 and T1.5 compared with T0. Placebo had no significant effect on aldosterone concentration. In cats diagnosed with PHA, a 2‐mg/kg dose of telmisartan did not induce any significant change in aldosterone concentration at T1 or T1.5 compared with T0. No adverse effects of telmisartan (e.g., hyperkalemia, systemic hypotension) were observed in any cats. Conclusions and Clinical Importance The oral TST shows promise as a diagnostic test for the diagnosis of PHA in cats.
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- 2023
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45. Assessing the utility of leukocyte differential cell counts for predicting mortality risk in neonatal Holstein calves upon arrival and 72 hours postarrival at calf rearing facilities
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Von Konigslow, T. E., Renaud, D. L., Duffield, T. F., Higginson, V., and Kelton, D. F.
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medicine.medical_specialty ,medicine.diagnostic_test ,Animal health ,business.industry ,Production cycle ,Physical examination ,Disease ,Unknown age ,Antimicrobial use ,Calf rearing ,Emergency medicine ,medicine ,Physical exam ,business - Abstract
There is growing concern about the level of antimicrobial use and antimicrobial resistance in food producing animals. An area of opportunity to reduce antimicrobial use could be in the treatment of young calves during the first week following arrival at calf rearing facilities. Group metaphylaxis is common due to the unknown age and history of calves that undergo several stressful events prior to arrival, such as transportation, co-mingling and variable periods of fasting. It may be possible to reduce antimicrobial use at this stage in the production cycle without sacrificing animal health and welfare if the calves at highest risk of morbidity and mortality could be identified and treated in a highly selective manner. Recent studies have identified indicators of future risk for morbidity and mortality that can be measured at arrival such as biomarkers and physical exam factors. Bovine haematology, when used in conjunction with clinical examination findings, could be used to improve disease diagnosis. The objective of this study was to assess the utility of leukocyte differential cell counts taken at the time of arrival at a calf rearing facility and 72 hours post arrival for determining mortality risk during the production cycle., American Association of Bovine Practitioners Proceedings of the Annual Conference, 2019
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- 2019
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46. CASE REPORT: Early-onset lysosomal glycogen storage disease with normal acid maltase
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Dayan, R. M. and Renaud, D. L.
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- 2001
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47. Glucose-free medium exacerbates microvesicular steatosis in cultured skin fibroblasts of genetic defects of fatty acid oxidation. A novel screening test
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Renaud, D. L., Edwards, V., Wilson, G. J., and Tein, I.
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- 2002
48. Incidence of obstetric anal sphincter injuries following breech compared to cephalic vaginal births
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Perrine Leborne, Renaud de Tayrac, Zakarya Zemmache, Chris Serrand, Pascale Fabbro-Peray, Lucie Allegre, and Emmanuelle Vintejoux
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Breech delivery ,Obstetrical anal sphincter injuries ,OASIs ,OASI ,Pelvic floor ,Perineal injuries ,Gynecology and obstetrics ,RG1-991 - Abstract
Abstract Introduction Obstetric anal sphincter injuries (OASIs) at the time of childbirth can lead to serious consequences including anal incontinence, dyspareunia, pain and rectovaginal fistula. These types of lesions and their incidence have been well studied after cephalic presentation deliveries, but no publications have specifically addressed this issue in the context of vaginal breech delivery. The goal of our study was to evaluate the incidence of OASIs following breech deliveries and compare it with cephalic presentation births. Methods This was a retrospective cohort study involving 670 women. Of these, 224 and 446 had a vaginal birth of a fetus in the breech (breech group) and cephalic (cephalic group) presentations respectively. Both groups were matched for birthweight (± 200 g), date of delivery (± 2 years) and vaginal parity. Main outcome of interest was to evaluate the incidence of OASIs following breech vaginal birth compared to cephalic vaginal births. Secondary endpoints were the incidence of intact perineum or first-degree tear, second-degree perineal tear and rates of episiotomies in each group. Results There was no statistically significant difference in OASIs incidence between the breech and cephalic groups (0.9% vs. 1.1%; RR 0.802 (0.157; 4.101); p = 0.31). There were more episiotomies in the breech group (12.5% vs. 5.4%, p = 0.0012) and the rate of intact or first-degree perineum was similar in both groups (74.1% vs. 75.3%, p = 0.7291). A sub-analysis excluding patients with episiotomy and history of OASIs did not show any statistically significant difference either. Conclusion We did not demonstrate a significant difference in the incidence of obstetric anal sphincter injuries between women who had a breech vaginal birth compared to cephalic.
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- 2023
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49. Early-onset lysosomal glycogen storage disease with normal acid maltase
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Dayan, R. M. and Renaud, D. L.
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- 2001
50. A Laboratory Model for Iron Snow in Planetary Cores
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Ludovic Huguet, Michael Le Bars, and Renaud Deguen
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crystallization ,core dynamics ,magnetic field ,dynamo ,snow ,Geophysics. Cosmic physics ,QC801-809 - Abstract
Abstract Solidification of the cores of small planets and moons is thought to occur in the “iron snow” regime, in which iron crystals form near the core‐mantle boundary and fall until re‐melting at greater depth. The resulting buoyancy flux may sustain convection and dynamo action. This regime of crystallization is poorly understood. Here we present the first laboratory experiments designed to model iron snow. We find that solidification happens in a cyclic pattern, with intense solidification bursts separated by crystal‐free periods. This is explained by the necessity of reaching a finite amount of supercooling to re‐initiate crystallization once the crystals formed earlier have migrated away. When scaled to planetary cores, our results suggest that crystallization and the associated buoyancy flux would be strongly heterogeneous in time and space, which eventually impacts the time variability and geometry of the magnetic field.
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- 2023
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