1,209 results on '"Recovery time"'
Search Results
2. Factors affecting time to recovery from diabetic ketoacidosis in adult diabetic patients in Alexandria Main University Hospital.
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Sabry, Ahmed A., Alkafafy, Asmaa Mohamed, Morsy, Eman Youssef, Aiad, Ahmed, and Montasser, Mina
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TYPE 2 diabetes ,DIABETIC acidosis ,INSULIN therapy ,OLDER patients ,DIABETES complications - Abstract
Background: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a life-threatening condition as a complication of diabetes and represents a significant healthcare global burden. The current study goal was to determine factors affecting time to recovery from DKA in Alexandria Main University Hospital. Patients and methods: One hundred fifty patients who had been admitted with DKA were included in this study. All patients were managed with hospitalization for IV fluids, continuous intravenous insulin infusion, electrolyte correction, as well as detection and treatment of the predisposing factor until the full resolution of DKA. Results: Males contributed to 58.7% of the total patients in this study with a mean age of 32.16 ± 15.06 years. DKA mean time of resolution was 18.76 ± 14.07 h. The majority of patients were with T1DM (86%), while T2DM were 14%. Missed insulin dose was the leading precipitating factor (60.7%) followed by infections (38.7%). There was a statistically significant relationship between DKA resolution time with age, time of presentation, type of diabetes, initial pH, initial serum K
+ level, initial HCO3 − level, initial anion gap, initial base excess, and initial RBS (p value < 0.001). Conclusion: Delayed time of resolution from DKA was associated with initial lower pH, initial lower HCO3 − level, initial lower base excess level, initial higher anion gap level, type 2 diabetes mellitus, patients on pre-mixed insulin regimen, old patients, delayed time for seeking medical care, and abnormal serum K+ level. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
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3. Adsorption of Dacarbazine as Anticancer Drug on Si60, C60, B30N30, Sc-Si60, Sc-C60, Sc-B30N30 Nanocages.
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Zhang, Junjuan, Yu, Xiangtao, Wang, Jing, and Yao, Xiangwen
- Abstract
In this work, the capacities of Si
60 , C60 , B30 N30 , Sc-Si60 , Sc-C60 , Sc-B30 N30 to deliver the Dacarbazine are examined. The Eadoption of Sc-Si60 , Sc-C60 and Sc-B30 N30 are -4.45, -4.57 and -4.70 eV. The Ecohesive of Si60 , C60 and B30 N30 nanocages are -6.23, -6.51 and -6.86 eV, respectively and so the Si60 , C60 and B30 N30 nanocages are stable nanostructures. Results shown than the Sc-B30 N30 has acceptable potential to adsorb and deliver the Dacarbazine. Results shown that the Sc-Si60 , Sc-C60 and Sc-B30 N30 nanocages have higher capacitates and abilities to deliver and transfer of the Dacarbazine as anticancer drug than other nanostructures in previous works. The adsorption of Dacarbazine on Si60 , C60 , B30 N30 , Sc-Si60 , Sc-C60 , Sc-B30 N30 nanocages have the τ values ca 48.8, 51.1, 54.2, 54.9, 57.5 and 62.1 s, respectively. Finally, the Sc-B30 N30 is proposed to adsorb and deliver the Dacarbazine. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
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4. Early vs late ICU admission in patients with COVID-19 pneumonia.
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Pinzón, Miguel Alejandro, Ortiz, Santiago, Laniado, Henry, Fonseca-Ruiz, Nelson Javier, Betancur, Juan Felipe, Holguín, Héctor, Montoya, Pablo, Muñoz, Bernardo Javier, Ramírez, Beatriz, Arias, Carolina Arias, Potes, Isabel, Toro, Luz Maribel, and Quiceno, Julian
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Introduction: The type of admission to the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) influences the prognosis of patients with severe pneumonia and, in the case of patients with COVID-19 pneumonia, this is still unexplored. The objective of this study was to determine the differences between early and late ICU admission. Methodology: A retrospective cohort study of patients with COVID-19 pneumonia at two high-complexity hospitals in Colombia. Early ICU admission (EICUA) was defined as direct admission from the emergency department or within the first 24 hours of admission. Late ICU admission (LICUA) was defined as admission from the hospitalization service after 24 hours of arrival. A robust Cox regression was performed for the variable recovery time, to determine the impact of the ICU admission type in the hazard rate. Results: 68.2% were EICUA patients and 31.8% were LICUA patients. Recovery and duration of hospital stay were significantly lower in EICUA than in LICUA (9 vs 15 days, p = 0.0001, and 10 vs 15.5 days, p < 0.0001, respectively). However, the duration of ICU stay (7 vs 9 days, p = 0.131) and the invasive mechanical ventilation requirement (48.9% vs 54.9%, p = 0.374) were not statistically significant. The 30-day follow-up showed no difference between the EICUA and LICUA (alive 97% vs 94.6%, p = 0.705). Conclusions: Mortality between EICUA and LICUA patients with COVID-19 pneumonia showed no statistically significant differences. However, the recovery time, the probability intensity of instant recovery, and the duration of hospital stay were better in EICUA than in LICUA. Neither EICUA nor LICUA affects the final status (death) of patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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5. Predictors of nutritional recovery time in children aged 6–59 months with severe acute malnutrition in Sofala Province, Mozambique: survival analysis approach.
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Victor, Audêncio, Antônio, Bélio Castro, Gotine, Ana Raquel Manuel, Mahoche, Manuel, Xavier, Sancho Pedro, Rodrigues, Osiyallê Akanni Silva, Ferreira, Andrêa J F, and Rondó, Patrícia H
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DIARRHEA ,MALNUTRITION ,ACUTE diseases ,NUTRITION disorders in infants ,FOOD consumption ,DATA analysis ,EDEMA ,SEX distribution ,BODY weight ,MALARIA ,AGE distribution ,RETROSPECTIVE studies ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,KAPLAN-Meier estimator ,STATURE ,NUTRITIONAL status ,CONVALESCENCE ,STATISTICS ,MEDICAL records ,ACQUISITION of data ,SURVIVAL analysis (Biometry) ,PUBLIC health ,VOMITING ,ANTHROPOMETRY ,CONFIDENCE intervals ,SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC factors ,TIME ,HOSPITAL care of children ,DEHYDRATION ,HYPOGLYCEMIA ,PROPORTIONAL hazards models ,REGRESSION analysis - Abstract
Background Malnutrition is a public health problem that affects physical and psychosocial well-being. It manifests as a rapid deterioration in nutritional status and bilateral edema due to inadequate food intake or illness. Methods This study is a retrospective cohort of 1208 children with severe acute malnutrition (SAM) in Sofala Province from 2018 to 2022. It includes hospitalized children aged 6–59 months with SAM and related complications. The dependent variable is recovery, and the independent variables include age, sex of the child, vomiting, dehydration, hypoglycemia, nutritional edema and anthropometry. Survival curves were plotted using the Kaplan–Meier method, and bivariable and multivariable Cox regression analyses were performed. Results The crude analysis revealed significant factors for nutritional recovery in children with SAM, including age, weight, height, malaria, diarrhea and dehydration. Children under 24 months had a 28% lower likelihood of recovery. Weight below 6.16 kg decreased the likelihood by 2%, and height above 71.1 cm decreased it by 20%. Conversely, malaria, diarrhea and dehydration increased the likelihood of recovery. However, after adjustment, only diarrhea remained a significant predictor of nutritional recovery. Conclusion This study found that diarrhea is a predictor of nutritional recovery in children with SAM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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6. Adsorption of Favipiravir as Drug of Coronavirus Disease on Cu-Si52, Cu-C52, Cu-Al26N26, Cu-SiNT (6, 0), Cu-CNT (6, 0) and Cu-AlNT (6, 0).
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Altalbawy, Farag M. A., R, Roopashree, Singh, Manmeet, Phaninder Vinay, K., Bakr, Raghda Ali, Norberdiyeva, Muyassar, Al-Zirjawi, Hajir, Hamzah, Hamza Fadhel, Jalal, Sarah Salah, Kadhim, Wael Dheaa, and Alhadrawi, Merwa
- Abstract
This work wants to investigate the potential of Cu-Si
52 , Cu-C52 , Cu-Al26 N26 , Cu-doped nanotubes (6, 0) to adsorb and deliver the Favipiravir as COVID-19 drug by DSD-PBEPBE-D3/aug-cc-pVDZ method. This work aims to propose the suitable materials for drug delivery of Favipiravir as COVID-19 drug. Results indicated that the Cu adoption can be increased the stability of Si52 , C52 , Al26 N26 , SiNT (6, 0), CNT (6, 0) and AlNNT (6, 0), significantly. The ΔGadsorption of complexes of Favipiravir with Cu-Si52 , Cu-C52 , Cu-Al26 N26 , Cu-doped nanotubes (6, 0) are -3.14, -3.25, -3.40, -3.89, -4.03 and -4.13 eV, respectively. The recovery time (τ) values of complexes of Favipiravir with Cu-Si52 , Cu-C52 , Cu-Al26 N26 , Cu-doped nanotubes (6, 0) in gas phase are 50.0, 51.8, 55.0, 56.3, 58.3 and 63.0 s. The Cu-AlNNT (6, 0) and Cu-Al26 N26 have higher recovery time (τ) than Cu-Si52 , Cu-C52 , Cu-doped nanotubes (6, 0). Results shown that the Cu-Si52 , Cu-C52 , Cu-Al26 N26 , Cu-doped nanotubes (6, 0) have higher capacitates and abilities to deliver and transfer of the Favipiravir than other nanostructures in previous works. Finally, the Cu-AlNNT (6, 0) and Cu-CNT (6, 0) are proposed as acceptable structures to deliver and transfer of Favipiravir as drug of Coronavirus disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
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7. COVID-19 Recovery Time and Its Predictors among Hospitalized Patients in Designated Hospitals in the Madhesh Province of Nepal: A Multicentric Study.
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Singh, Jitendra Kumar, Acharya, Dilaram, Gautam, Salila, Neupane, Dinesh, Bajgain, Bishnu Bahadur, Mishra, Raman, Yadav, Binod Kumar, Chhetri, Pradip, Lee, Kwan, and Shah, Ankur
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PHYSICAL diagnosis ,VITAL signs ,T-test (Statistics) ,HOSPITAL care ,HOSPITALS ,DESCRIPTIVE statistics ,RETROSPECTIVE studies ,MANN Whitney U Test ,CHI-squared test ,LONGITUDINAL method ,KAPLAN-Meier estimator ,LOG-rank test ,CONVALESCENCE ,RESEARCH ,MEDICAL records ,ACQUISITION of data ,CONFIDENCE intervals ,COMPARATIVE studies ,DATA analysis software ,COVID-19 ,PROPORTIONAL hazards models - Abstract
This study aimed to determine COVID-19 recovery time and identify predictors among hospitalized patients in the Dhanusha District of Madhesh Province, Nepal. This hospital-based longitudinal study involved 507 COVID-19 patients admitted to three distinct medical facilities for therapeutic intervention between April and October 2021. Data were collected for patient demography, symptoms, vital signs, oxygen saturation levels, temperatures, heart rates, respiratory rates, blood pressure measurements, and other health-related conditions. Kaplan–Meier survival curves estimated the recovery time, and a Cox proportional hazard model was used to identify the predictors of recovery time. For the total participants, mean age was 51.1 (SD = 14.9) years, 68.0% were males. Of the total patients, 49.5% recovered, and 16.8% died. The median for patient recovery was 26 days (95% CI: 25.1–26.7). Patients with severe or critical conditions were less likely to recover compared to those with milder conditions (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.34, 95% CI: 0.15–0.79; p = 0.012). In addition, an increase in oxygen saturation was associated with an elevated likelihood of recovery (HR = 1.09, 95% CI = 1.01–1.17, p = 0.018). This study underscores the need for early admission to hospital and emphasizes the targeted interventions in severe cases. Additionally, the results highlight the importance of optimizing oxygen levels in COVID-19 patient care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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8. 2D SiP Nanosheets as Efficient and Multi-Time Reversible Nanosensor for Nitrogen-Containing Gases.
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Kumavat, Trilokchand L., Somaiya, Radha N, Singh, Deobrat, and Sonvane, Yogesh
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Herein, we present the structural, electronic, and sensing properties of two-dimensional (2D) SiP nanosheets toward nitrogen-containing gases (NCG) like NH
3 , NO, and NO2 using density functional theory (DFT) calculations. All of the gas molecules are found to be physisorbed on the surface of the SiP nanosheet, as confirmed by the small values of adsorption energy. The exposure of NO and NO2 molecules induces a total magnetic moment of 1 μB on the nonmagnetic SiP nanosheet, thus making it suitable as a magnetic gas sensor. From the Bader charge analysis, it is observed that the NH3 molecule behaves as a donor, whereas NO and NO2 molecules behave as acceptors. Very short recovery times (τ) of 2.28 × 10–9 , 7.78 × 10–5 , and 1.71 × 10–3 s for NH3 , NO, and NO2 gas molecules, respectively, on the SiP nanosheet are observed, thus indicating its fast, reversible, and multi-time reusable behavior. Further, for the real-world applications of NCGs@SiP, we investigated the current–voltage (I–V) characteristics and zero-bias transmission spectra using nonequilibrium Green's function (NEGF) formalism. A substantial variation in the current is observed upon exposure of NH3 , NO, and NO2 gas molecules on the SiP nanosheet. Therefore, we suggest a SiP nanosheet as an efficient, fast, and multi-time reusable nanosensor toward NCGs like NH3 , NO, and NO2 . Our study highlights the potential applications of the SiP nanosheet as a chemical and magnetic gas sensor for NCGs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
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9. Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Eugenol and MS-222 as Anesthetics in Zebrafish in Repeated Exposures and Post-Anesthesia Behaviour.
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Ayala-Soldado, Nahúm, Mora-Medina, Rafael, Molina-López, Ana María, Lora-Benítez, Antonio Jesús, and Moyano-Salvago, Rosario
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ZEBRA danio , *EUGENOL , *ANESTHETICS , *ANESTHESIA , *SWIMMING , *BRACHYDANIO - Abstract
Simple Summary: In this study, we compared the effectiveness of two anesthetics, eugenol and tricaine methanesulfonate (MS-222), in consecutive administrations on zebrafish. We evaluated zebrafish behaviour after repeated anesthesia. Eugenol induced anesthesia more quickly than MS-222 but had longer recovery times. Additionally, swimming frequency decreased after eugenol anesthesia. The buffered version of MS-222 was more effective than the non-buffered one. We recommend using buffered MS-222 for studies requiring repeated, brief-duration anesthesia. The increasing use of the zebrafish (Danio rerio) in scientific experiments has made it necessary to implement anesthesia protocols guaranteeing minimum pain and suffering for these animals and ensuring the reliability of the results obtained from their research. Therefore, we aimed to compare the effectiveness of two anesthetics, eugenol and MS-222, in consecutive administrations and evaluate the zebrafish behaviour after repeated anesthesia. Thus, several zebrafish were anaesthetized with eugenol, MS-222, and buffered MS-222 three times repeatedly with a 24-h interval between each exposure. The induction and recovery periods were also timed. Their swimming frequency was determined after each exposure to assess their behaviour after the anesthesia. Anesthesia induction was quicker with eugenol compared to MS-222. However, eugenol presented longer recovery times, which were prolonged after each exposure. Also, the swimming frequency was reduced after each anesthesia with eugenol. The buffered version of MS-222 was more efficacious than the non-buffered one. Both versions of MS-222 did not affect the swimming frequency. Based on these findings, we recommend the utilization of MS-222 buffered rather than eugenol when repeated, brief-duration anesthesia is necessitated for a study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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10. Studying the Gas Sensitivity and Magnetic Properties of Magnesium Ferrite Prepared by the Sol-Gel Route.
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Mahdi, Hussein I., Bakr, Nabeel A., and Al-Saadi, Tagreed M.
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SOFT magnetic materials , *MAGNETIC testing , *SCANNING electron microscopes , *PARTICLE size distribution , *MAGNETIC properties , *NICKEL ferrite - Abstract
Nickel-doped manganese–magnesium ferrite (NixMn0.25-xMg0.75Fe2O4) was prepared using the auto-combustion method. X-ray diffraction patterns showed a single ferrite spinel phase in all the prepared samples. The crystallite size ranged from 24.30 to 28.32 nm, increasing with increasing the Ni content. The porous structure of all the samples was verified with a scanning electron microscope. FESEM images were used to confirm the production of spherical or semi-spherical nanoparticles with little change in particle size distribution. The study revealed that the nanoparticles were small enough to behave superparamagnetically. According to the magnetic tests conducted with the VSM at room temperature, the hysteresis loop region is practically non-existent, indicating typical soft magnetic materials. In addition, the conductance responses of the magnesium ferrite nanocomposite were measured by exposing it to the oxidizing gas (NO2) at different operating temperatures. The results showed that the sensor with the nano ferrite sample of (x = 0.20) has a good sensitivity of 707.22% as well as response and recovery times. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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11. Adsorption performance of harmful gas molecules over copper decorated aluminene: a DFT study.
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Hassan, Muhammad, Ibrahim, Iram, Majid, Abdul, Buzdar, Saeed Ahmad, Shaheen, Humaira, Alarfaji, Saleh S., and Khan, Muhammad Isa
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Detecting hazardous and toxic gases and their removal from environment is essential for human health. 2D materials plays vital role for gas sensing or scavenging. Density functional theory (DFT) was applied to investigate the adsorption of six toxic gases (CO, COS, NO, NO2, CH4O, and CH2N2) on Cu-decorated Aluminene surface. Aluminene preserve its metallic character after copper decoration. The greater values of adsorption energy (-2.72 eV, -0.92 eV, -3.39 eV, -2.14 eV, -2.66 eV and − 2.95 eV respectively) proposed that Cu-decoration is favorable than pristine Aluminene. Electronic properties and adsorption energies suggested chemisorption behavior of CO, NO and NO2 while other gas molecules showed physisorption. Hybridization occurs between d-orbitals of the system and the gas molecules that improved the electronic properties. The study encompassed analyses of Density of States (DOS), charge distribution, Electron Localization Function (ELF), work function, charge density difference (CDD) and recovery time. Band gap found to be zero for the optimized system prior to and following gas adsorption. It represent good conductivity of the material, owing to the possibility of an efficient gas sensor. The recovery time analysis indicated that the material exhibited reversible gas sensing properties at high temperatures. At lower temperatures, it could potentially serve as a disposable sensor for industrial safety applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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12. A DFT study of the adsorption behavior and sensing properties of CO gas on monolayer MoSe2 in CO2-rich environment.
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Vinturaj, V. P., Yadav, Ashish Kumar, Singh, Rohit, Garg, Vivek, Bhardwaj, Ritesh, Ajith, K. M., and Pandey, Sushil Kumar
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CARBON monoxide detectors , *TRANSPORT theory , *DENSITY functional theory , *COPPER , *GAS detectors - Abstract
Context: Carbon monoxide, also known as the "silent killer," is a colorless, odorless, tasteless, and non-irritable gas that, when inhaled, enters the bloodstream and lungs, binds with the hemoglobin, and blocks oxygen from reaching tissues and cells. In this work, the monolayer MoSe2-based CO gas sensors were designed using density functional theory calculation with several dopants including Al, Au, Pd, Ni, Cu, and P. Here, Cu and P were found to be the best dopants, with adsorption energies of −0.67 eV (Cu) and −0.54 eV (P) and recovery times of 1.66 s and 13.8 ms respectively. Cu conductivity for CO adsorption was found to be 2.74 times that of CO2 adsorption in the 1.0–2.26 eV range. P displayed the highest selectivity, followed by Pd and Ni. The dopants, Pd and Ni, were found suitable for building CO gas scavengers due to their high recovery times of 9.76 × 1020 s and 2.47 × 1011 s. Similarly, the adsorption of CO2 on doped monolayer MoSe2 was also investigated. In this study, it is found that monolayer MoSe2 could be employed to create high-performance CO sensors in a CO2-rich environment. Method: The electrical characteristics of all doped MoSe2 monolayers are obtained using a DFT calculation with the PBE-GGA method from the Quantum ESPRESSO package. The self-consistent field (SCF) computations were performed using a 7 × 7 × 1 k-point grid and a norm-conserving pseudo potential (NCPP) file. To determine electrical conductivity, the semi-classical version of Boltzmann transport theory, implemented in the Boltz Trap code, was used. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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13. Factors affecting time to recovery from diabetic ketoacidosis in adult diabetic patients in Alexandria Main University Hospital
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Ahmed A. Sabry, Asmaa Mohamed Alkafafy, Eman Youssef Morsy, Ahmed Aiad, and Mina Montasser
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Diabetes ,DKA ,Resolution time ,Recovery time ,Internal medicine ,RC31-1245 - Abstract
Abstract Background Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a life-threatening condition as a complication of diabetes and represents a significant healthcare global burden. The current study goal was to determine factors affecting time to recovery from DKA in Alexandria Main University Hospital. Patients and methods One hundred fifty patients who had been admitted with DKA were included in this study. All patients were managed with hospitalization for IV fluids, continuous intravenous insulin infusion, electrolyte correction, as well as detection and treatment of the predisposing factor until the full resolution of DKA. Results Males contributed to 58.7% of the total patients in this study with a mean age of 32.16 ± 15.06 years. DKA mean time of resolution was 18.76 ± 14.07 h. The majority of patients were with T1DM (86%), while T2DM were 14%. Missed insulin dose was the leading precipitating factor (60.7%) followed by infections (38.7%). There was a statistically significant relationship between DKA resolution time with age, time of presentation, type of diabetes, initial pH, initial serum K+ level, initial HCO3 − level, initial anion gap, initial base excess, and initial RBS (p value
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- 2024
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14. Time-reversibility of SARS-CoV-2 infection on basic semen parameters
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Chun-Ling Liu, Kai Fu, Fang Lü, Ming-Wei Chen, Hong Zhang, and Jin-Chun Lu
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sars-cov-2 ,semen quality ,male ,recovery time ,spermatogenesis cycle ,Medicine (General) ,R5-920 - Abstract
SARS-CoV-2 infection may affect semen quality. However, there is limited evidence on whether this effect is reversible. Retrospective analysis was done on the same male patient’s semen quality prior to SARS-CoV-2 infection, less than 74 days following recovery from SARS-CoV-2 infection, and more than 74 days following recovery in order to confirm. Consequently, the sperm concentration (44.10 (28.00, 75.20) vs. 66.00 (47.05, 135.30) × 106/mL, p < 0.001), sperm motility ((43.22 ± 21.34)% vs. (51.65 ± 15.41)%, p = 0.0105), percentage of progressively motile sperm (PR) ((39.76 ± 20.58)% vs. (46.88 ± 15.26)%, p = 0.0243) and percentage of normal morphological sperm ((2.70 ± 1.82)% vs. (3.58 ± 2.00)%, p = 0.0299) of 45 male patients 30 to 71 days after recovery from SARS-CoV-2 infection were significantly lower than those before SARS-CoV-2 infection, while there was no significant difference in semen volume (3.20 (2.10, 4.65) mL vs. 3.20 (2.45, 4.55) mL, p = 0.4819) between them. The sperm concentration, motility and PR of 8 patients 77 to 125 days after recovery from SARS-CoV-2 infection (68.75 (31.50, 114.1) × 106/mL, (44.23 ± 25.73)% and (39.76 ± 25.23)%) were higher than those 30 to 71 days after recovery from SARS-CoV-2 infection (20.05 (13.58, 30.10) × 106/mL, (30.11 ± 22.05)% and (26.56 ± 21.55)%), and there were no significant differences from those before SARS-CoV-2 infection (50.05 (41.03, 90.35) × 106/mL, p = 0.8438; (50.24 ± 13.62)%, p = 0.5126; and (45.76 ± 12.97)%, p = 0.5251). In conclusion, SARS-CoV-2 infection may affect one spermatogenesis cycle of a male patient for about 74 days, and the patient may return to the normal state in the next spermatogenesis cycle.
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- 2024
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15. Recovery Time and Predictors among Under-Five Children with Severe Acute Malnutrition Admitted to Outpatient Management at Dodota District of Oromia, Ethiopia
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Gezzu Lemma, Hailu Fekadu, Amde Eshete, and Derese Teshome
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severe acute malnutrition ,outpatient department ,recovery time ,children ,ethiopia ,Nutritional diseases. Deficiency diseases ,RC620-627 - Abstract
Background: Severe acute malnutrition (SAM) is one of the common childhood problems worldwide endangering the lives of 17 million (2.5%) children under five years old. It is also highly prevalent among Ethiopian under-five-year children (7%). This study assessed recovery time and its predictors among under-five children with severe acute malnutrition admitted to outpatient management at Dodota District, Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia.Methods: Institution-based cohort study was done on secondary data of children who were treated on an outpatient therapeutic feeding program. Totally, 984 subjects were collected from registries; while their data were coded and statistically analyzed.Results: The median recovery time was 7.12 weeks [Inter Quartile Range (IQR): 6.09-8.42] or 50 days with an overall recovery rate of 84.2%. The Kaplan Meier estimates of recovery rate were 7%, 35%, 47%, 54%, and 88% at 4th, 6th, 8th and 12th weeks of follow-up, respectively. Routine Amoxicillin treatment had 1.28 times higher probability of getting recovered [Adjusted hazard ratios (AHRs): 1.28, 95%Confidence interval (CI): 1.03-1.60]. Recovery time for children who were supplemented with vitamin A was determined (AHR: 1.71, 95%CI: 1.35-2.16). Outpatient admission of children at health centers had 1.37 times higher probability of getting recovered from SAM (AHR: 1.37, 95%CI: 1.16-1.63).Conclusion: The recovery rate is within national and international standards. Amoxicillin treatment, vitamin A supplementation, and type of health facility had a significant association with the recovery time among SAM children treated at outpatient therapeutic feeding program (OTP).
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- 2024
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16. Time to recovery of asphyxiated neonates and its’ predictors among newborns admitted to neonatal intensive care unit at Debre Berhan Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Ethiopia
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Sisay Girma Yehouala, Esubalew Tesfahun, Tadesse Mamo Dejene, and Zenebe Abebe Gebreegziabher
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Neonatal asphyxia ,Recovery time ,Neonatal intensive care unit ,Survival ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Abstract Background Neonatal asphyxia is a leading cause of early neonatal mortality, accounting for approximately 900,000 deaths each year. Assessing survival rates, recovery time and predictors of mortality among asphyxiated neonates can help policymakers design, implement, and evaluate programs to achieve the sustainable development goal of reducing neonatal mortality to 12/1,000 live births by 2030. The current study sought to ascertain the survival status, recovery time, and predictors of neonatal asphyxia. Methods A retrospective follow-up study conducted in Debre Berhan Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, which carried out from May 20th to June 20th, 2023 using records of asphyxiated babies in NICUs from January 1st, 2020 to December 31st, 2022, involving a sample size of 330. Pre-structured questionnaires created in Google Form were used to collect data, and STATA Version 14.0 was utilized for data entry and analysis, respectively. The Kaplan–Meier survival curve, log rank test, and median time were calculated. A multivariable Cox proportional hazards regression model was fitted in order to determine the predictors of time to recovery. Variables were statistically significant if their p-value was less than 0.05. Results Three hundred thirty admitted asphyxiated neonates were followed a total of 2706 neonate -days with a minimum of 1 day to 18 days. The overall incidence density rate of survival was 9.9 per 100 neonates’ days of observation (95% CI: 8.85–11.24) with a median recovery time of 9 days (95% CI: 0.82–0.93). Prolonged labor (Adjusted hazard ratio (AHR: 0.42,95%CI:0.21–0.81), normal birth weight (AHR:2.21,95% CI: 1.30–3.70),non-altered consciousness (AHR:2.52,CI:1.50–4.24),non-depressed moro reflex of the newborn (AHR:2.40,95%CI: 1.03–5.61), stage I HIE (AHR: 5.11,95% CI: 1.98–13.19),and direct oxygen administration via the nose (AHR: 4.18,95% CI: 2.21–7.89) were found to be independent predictors of time to recovery of asphyxiated neonates.. Conclusion In the current findings, the recovery time was prolonged compared to other findings. This implies early diagnosis, strict monitoring and provision of appropriate measures timely is necessary before the babies complicated into the highest stage of hypoxic –ischemic encephalopathy(HIE) and managing complications are the recommended to hasten recovery time and increase the survival of neonates.
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- 2024
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17. Infection Prevention and the Protective Effects of Unidirectional Displacement Flow Ventilation in the Turbulent Spaces of the Operating Room.
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Ziegler, Mareike, Seipp, Hans-Martin, Steffens, Thomas, Walter, Dirk, Büttner-Janz, Karin, Rodger, Daniel, and Herzog-Niescery, Jennifer
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INDOOR air pollution prevention , *VENTILATION equipment , *INFECTION prevention , *LIGHTING equipment , *VENTILATION , *INFECTION control , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *PARTICULATE matter , *OPERATING rooms - Abstract
Background: Unidirectional displacement flow (UDF) ventilation systems in operating rooms are characterized by a uniformity of velocity ≥80% and protect patients and operating room personnel against exposure to hazardous substances. However, the air below the surgical lights and in the surrounding zone is turbulent, which impairs the ventilation system's effect. Aim: We first used the recovery time (RT) as specified in International Organization for Standardization 14644 to determine the particle reduction capacity in the turbulent spaces of an operating room with a UDF system. Methods: The uniformity of velocity was analyzed by comfort-level probe grid measurements in the protected area below a hemispherical closed-shaped and a semi-open column-shaped surgical light (tilt angles: 0°/15°/30°) and in the surrounding zone of a research operating room. Thereafter, RTs were calculated. Results: At a supply air volume of 10,500 m3/h, the velocity, reported as average uniformity ± standard deviation, was uniform in the protected area without lights (95.8% ± 1.7%), but locally turbulent below the hemispherical closed-shaped (69.3% ± 14.6%), the semi-open column-shaped light (66.9% ± 10.9%), and in the surrounding zone (51.5% ± 17.6%). The RTs ranged between 1.1 and 1.7 min below the lights and 3.5 ± 0.28 min in the surrounding zone and depended exponentially on the volume flow rate. Conclusions: Compared to an RT of ≤20 min as required for operating rooms with mixed dilution flow, particles here were eliminated 12–18 times more quickly from below the surgical lights and 5.7 times from the surrounding zone. Thus, the effect of the lights was negligible and the UDF's retained its strong protective effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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18. Study on Recovery Time of Conduction-Cooled Resistive Superconducting Fault Current Limiter.
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Kozak, Janusz
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SUPERCONDUCTING fault current limiters , *FAULT current limiters , *ADHESIVE tape , *FAULT currents , *ATHLETIC tape - Abstract
This paper presents the influence of superconducting tape insulation on the recovery time of superconducting fault current limiters. The analysis is based on the experimental results of short-circuit tests. The reduction in the thermal and dynamic effects of the passage of a fault current can be achieved by limiting the short-circuit time and the value of the surge current. An ideal fault current limiter is required to have almost zero impedance at operating currents and significant impedance at fault conditions. A superconducting fault current limiter (SFCL) meets these requirements under certain conditions. The recovery time—a very important parameter—shows the ability of the limiter to return to the superconducting state to be ready to limit the subsequent short circuit. The experimental results show that the recovery time can be significantly reduced with the application of thin-film insulation and an appropriate design of the conduction cooling of the HTS tape. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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19. Frequency and humidity dependent sensing properties of 3-(4, 5-diphenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)phenol based humidity sensor.
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Gul, Hina, Rahman, Muneeb Ur, Niaz, Falak, Ullah, Mateen, Ullah, Amir, Zulfiqar, Althubeiti, Khaled, and Khan, Rajwali
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HUMIDITY , *PHENOL , *DETECTORS , *GOODNESS-of-fit tests , *AUTOMATIC timers , *IMIDAZOLES - Abstract
In this study the semiconducting properties of imidazole based organic compound 3- (4, 5-diphenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl) phenol (DHIP) was investigated as an active sensing material to further fabricate surface-type humidity sensor. Aluminum (Al) having thickness of 100 nm was deposited on 25 × 25 mm2 glass substrate by vacuum thermal evaporator. The gap between electrodes was kept ~ 40 micrometer (µm). The DHIP material was deposited between the Al-electrodes in order to form Al/DHIP/Al sensor. The SEM image of the DHIP material shows that the structure consists of petals and needles like structure having pores and pore channels. The change in capacitance of the device as a function of relative humidity (RH) was measured at applied frequencies of 120 Hz and 1 kHz. The capacitance of the device was increased from 15 pF to 22 pF, and from 15 pF to 17.1 pF when humidity was changed from 45% RH to 95% RH at applied frequencies of 120 Hz, and 1 kHz, respectively. The response time of the device was 22 s and recovery time of the device was 54 s at applied frequencies of 120 Hz. The values of R2, i.e. goodness of fit, were 0.96 and 0.98 for the chemisorbed and physisorbed layers, respectively. These R2 values are close to unity, which showed highest response in comparison to the reported sensors based on different materials. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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20. Exogenous Ketone Supplement Administration Abrogated Isoflurane-Anesthesia-Induced Increase in Blood Glucose Level in Female WAG/Rij Rats.
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Rauch, Enikő, Ari, Csilla, D'Agostino, Dominic P., and Kovács, Zsolt
- Abstract
It has been demonstrated that isoflurane-induced anesthesia can increase the blood glucose level, leading to hyperglycemia and several adverse effects. The administration of a mix of ketone diester (KE) and medium-chain triglyceride (MCT) oil, named KEMCT, abolished the isoflurane-anesthesia-induced increase in blood glucose level and prolonged the recovery time from isoflurane anesthesia in a male preclinical rodent model, Wistar Albino Glaxo/Rijswijk (WAG/Rij) rats. While most preclinical studies use exclusively male animals, our previous study on blood glucose changes in response to KEMCT administration showed that the results can be sex-dependent. Thus, in this study, we investigated female WAG/Rij rats, whether KEMCT gavage (3 g/kg/day for 7 days) can change the isoflurane (3%)-anesthesia-induced increase in blood glucose level and the recovery time from isoflurane-evoked anesthesia using the righting reflex. Moreover, KEMCT-induced ketosis may enhance both the extracellular level of adenosine and the activity of adenosine A1 receptors (A1Rs). To obtain information on the putative A1R mechanism of action, the effects of an A1R antagonist, DPCPX (1,3-dipropyl-8-cyclopentylxanthine; intraperitoneal/i.p. 0.2 mg/kg), on KEMCT-generated influences were also investigated. Our results show that KEMCT supplementation abolished the isoflurane-anesthesia-induced increase in blood glucose level, and this was abrogated by the co-administration of DPCPX. Nevertheless, KEMCT gavage did not change the recovery time from isoflurane-induced anesthesia. We can conclude that intragastric gavage of exogenous ketone supplements (EKSs), such as KEMCT, can abolish the isoflurane-anesthesia-induced increase in blood glucose level in both sexes likely through A1Rs in WAG/Rij rats, while recovery time was not affected in females, unlike in males. These results suggest that the administration of EKSs as an adjuvant therapy may be effective in mitigating metabolic side effects of isoflurane, such as hyperglycemia, in both sexes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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21. Antimicrobial peptides play important roles in innate immunity and recovery from chill coma in Lasioderma serricorne.
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Yue Zhang, Jia-Peng Yang, Guy Smagghe, Dong-Dong Liu, Ren-Huai Dai, and Hong Yang
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INSECT genes , *ANTIMICROBIAL peptides , *COLD storage , *NATURAL immunity , *PATHOGENIC microorganisms - Abstract
Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs) in insects are short peptides that play an important role in their innate defense system. The production of AMPs is typically induced by an infection of pathogenic microorganisms, but cold stress may also cause upregulation of insect AMP genes. However, little is known about the functions of AMPs in cold stress situations and the recovery afterwards. As most important results, in this project with Lasioderma serricorne that can tolerate long storage under cold conditions, we identified and investigated four AMP genes (LsAtt1, LsAtt3, LsCec and LsDef-like). We confirmed their anti-bactericide activity in in vitro assays and in RNAi assays. The cross treatments with cold stress showed that LsDef-like was upregulated under cold stress and its silencing caused a loss of survival. In contrast, the expression of the other three AMPs did not change, and their silencing prolonged the recovery time. We believe that our cross treatments, revealing an association between immune activation and cold stress with AMPs, will increase our basic understanding of the immune system and the “cross-talk” with cold resistance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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22. Comparative analysis of the therapeutic efficacy of remimazolam tosylate and propofol in older adults undergoing painless endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography
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Yu-quan Tian, Di-kun Chen, He-ming Zhang, and Yong-mei Sun
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endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography ,hemodynamics ,older adults ,propofol ,recovery time ,remimazolam tosylate ,Therapeutics. Pharmacology ,RM1-950 - Abstract
ObjectiveThe aim of this study is to conduct a comparative analysis of the therapeutic outcomes associated with the administration of remimazolam and propofol during painless endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) procedures in older adults.MethodsA total of 140 older adults who underwent elective painless ERCP were randomly assigned to two groups using the random number table method: the remimazolam group and the propofol group, each consisting of 70 patients. In the remimazolam group, anesthesia was administered using a combination of remimazolam and opioids, while in the propofol group, a combination of propofol and opioids was used. Comparative assessments between the two groups included anesthesia induction time, first induction success rate, intraoperative hemodynamics, awakening duration, stress response index, and the incidence of adverse reactions.ResultsThe remimazolam group exhibited a prolonged anesthesia induction time compared to the propofol group and a lower success rate of first induction (P < 0.05). At the point of endoscope entry (T2) and 10 min post-operation (T3), patients in the remimazolam group demonstrated higher mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), and bispectral index (BIS) values compared to those in the propofol group (P < 0.05). Furthermore, the remimazolam group had shorter durations for eye-opening, consciousness recovery, and residence in the recovery room compared to the propofol group (P < 0.05). Post-surgery levels of epinephrine (E), norepinephrine (NE), and cortisol (Cor) at 24 h were lower in the remimazolam group than in the propofol group (P < 0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions was significantly lower in the remimazolam group (18.57%) compared to the propofol group (31.43%) (P < 0.05).ConclusionRemimazolam exhibits a longer induction time compared to propofol in the painless diagnosis and treatment of ERCP in older adults. However, it provides a more stable circulatory state post-induction and throughout the operation, reduces stress response, enables rapid recovery, and has a lower incidence of serious adverse reactions. These attributes suggest that remimazolam has potential for widespread clinical application and adoption.Clinical Trial Registration:clinicaltrials.gov, identifier ChiCTR2400080926.
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- 2024
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23. Simulation of predicting atrial fibrosis in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation during sinus node recovery time in optical imaging
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Zhisong Chen, Hongwei Liu, Xuebo Liu, and Haoming Song
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Optical imaging ,Sinus node ,Recovery time ,Patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation ,Simulation of atrial fibrosis prediction ,Biotechnology ,TP248.13-248.65 ,Medical technology ,R855-855.5 - Abstract
Paroxysmal atrial fibrillation is a common arrhythmia, and its development process and prediction of the degree of atrial fibrosis are of great significance for treatment and management. Optical imaging technology provides a new means for non-invasive observation of atrial electrical activity. The aim of this study is to investigate the predictive effect of sinus node recovery time on the degree of atrial fibrosis in patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, and to provide a basis for the application of optical imaging technology in the study of atrial fibrosis. The study collected clinical and optical imaging data from a group of patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation, and used statistical analysis methods to investigate the relationship between sinus node recovery time and the degree of atrial fibrosis. The research results indicate that there is a significant correlation between the recovery time of the sinus node and the degree of atrial fibrosis, that is, there is a positive correlation between the prolonged recovery time of the sinus node and the aggravation of atrial fibrosis. SNRT can serve as an effective indicator for evaluating atrial matrix and can be applied to predict recurrence after catheter ablation of paroxysmal atrial fibrillation. Shortening SNRT through catheter ablation can become an important predictor of effective catheter ablation.
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- 2024
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24. Adsorption of Dacarbazine as Anticancer Drug on Si60, C60, B30N30, Sc-Si60, Sc-C60, Sc-B30N30 Nanocages
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Zhang, Junjuan, Yu, Xiangtao, Wang, Jing, and Yao, Xiangwen
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- 2024
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25. Exploring the potential of quinacridone-porphyrin-based materials for nitrogen oxides sensing: quantum chemical design, mechanism and future prospects
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Shah, Yaqoob, Hussain, Muhammad Tahir, Mansha, Asim, and Janjua, Muhammad Ramzan Saeed Ashraf
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- 2024
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26. Adsorption of Favipiravir as Drug of Coronavirus Disease on Cu-Si52, Cu-C52, Cu-Al26N26, Cu-SiNT (6, 0), Cu-CNT (6, 0) and Cu-AlNT (6, 0)
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Altalbawy, Farag M. A., R, Roopashree, Singh, Manmeet, Phaninder Vinay, K., Bakr, Raghda Ali, Norberdiyeva, Muyassar, Al-Zirjawi, Hajir, Hamzah, Hamza Fadhel, Jalal, Sarah Salah, Kadhim, Wael Dheaa, and Alhadrawi, Merwa
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- 2024
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27. High performance humidity sensor based on 3-D mesoporous SnO2 derived via nanocasting technique
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Malik, Priya and Duhan, Surender
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- 2024
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28. Theoretical Investigation of Drug Delivery of Cimetidine as Drug of Coronavirus Disease by Silicon Nanotubes and Silicon Nanocages.
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Batoo, Khalid Mujasam, Ahmed, Hanan Hassan, Al-Maliky, Mohammed Abbood, Mohammed, Borhan Mustafa, Hamood, Sarah A., Hussain, Sajjad, Al-Abdeen, Salah Hassan Zain, Khlewee, Ibrahim Hammoud, Al- Musawi, Sada Ghalib, Alawadi, Ahmed, and Abbas, Ali Hashim
- Abstract
With growth the Coronavirus disease the proposing and delivery of effective drugs is an important challenge in world. Here, potential and ability of Mn-doped nanostructures to transfer of Cimetidine are examined by computational models. The ΔG
adsorption and recovery time for interactions of Cimetidine with Mn-doped nanostructures are calculated by computational models. The Mn adoption of nanostructures are increased the Ecohesive values and so Mn-doped nanostructures have the more negative Ecohesive values than nanostructures. The Eadsorption for Cimetidine-Mn-doped nanostructures in possible positions are valuable and negative values. The Eadsorption of Mn-BNNT (8, 0) to Cimetidine adsorption are higher than other nanostructures. The nanotubes have more negative Eadsorption than Mn-B36 N36 and Mn-Si72 to Cimetidine adsorption. The nanotubes have higher ΔGadsorption to Cimetidine than nanocages. The water is increased the capacity of Mn-doped nanostructures to deliver the Cimetidine. Finally, based on calculated Eadsorption and ΔGadsorption it can be concluded the Mn-doped nanostructures have high capacity to Cimetidine delivery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
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29. A Comparative study of open drainage versus percutaneous negative suction drainage in lactational breast abscess.
- Author
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Prasad, Narasimhaiah Lakshmi, K., Narasimhaiah, P., Prajwal Kumar, and A. S., Ananya
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MEDICAL drainage , *PATIENT satisfaction , *ABSCESSES , *SATISFACTION , *COMPARATIVE studies , *PRESSURE ulcers - Abstract
Background: Lactational breast abscesses are a significant complication of mastitis in breastfeeding women. This study aimed to compare the efficacy and patient outcomes of open drainage versus percutaneous negative pressure suction drainage in the treatment of lactational breast abscesses. Methods: A total of 100 lactating women with diagnosed breast abscesses were randomly assigned to either open drainage or percutaneous negative pressure suction drainage. The study evaluated abscess resolution rates, recurrence rates, time to recovery, pain management, breastfeeding continuation, patient satisfaction, and complication rates. Results: Both groups showed high abscess resolution rates by the one-month follow-up. The percutaneous group had a significantly shorter mean recovery time (12.8 vs. 14.2 days, p=0.04) and lower pain scores at one day and one week postprocedure (p<0.001 and p=0.001, respectively). Patient satisfaction regarding procedure discomfort, cosmetic outcomes, and overall satisfaction was significantly higher in the percutaneous group (p<0.001, p=0.005, and p<0.001, respectively). The incidence of scar formation was lower in the percutaneous group (p=0.05). Conclusion: While both open drainage and percutaneous negative pressure suction drainage are effective for the management of lactational breast abscesses, the percutaneous approach offers advantages in recovery time, pain management, patient satisfaction, and cosmetic outcomes. These findings suggest a preference for the minimally invasive percutaneous method in clinical practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
30. Subjective Straylight Index: A Visual Test for Retinal Contrast Assessment as a Function of Veiling Glare.
- Author
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Ávila, Francisco J., Casado, Pilar, Marcellán, Mª Concepción, Remón, Laura, Ares, Jorge, Collados, Mª Victoria, and Otín, Sofía
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VISION ,STATISTICAL correlation ,VISUAL acuity ,CONTRAST sensitivity (Vision) ,RETINAL imaging ,GAUSSIAN distribution - Abstract
Spatial aspects of visual performance are usually evaluated through visual acuity charts and contrast sensitivity (CS) tests. CS tests are generated by vanishing the contrast level of the visual charts. However, the quality of retinal images can be affected by both ocular aberrations and scattering effects and none of those factors are incorporated as parameters in visual tests in clinical practice. We propose a new computational methodology to generate visual acuity charts affected by ocular scattering effects. The generation of glare effects on the visual tests is reached by combining an ocular straylight meter methodology with the Commission Internationale de l'Eclairage's (CIE) general disability glare formula. A new function for retinal contrast assessment is proposed, the subjective straylight function (SSF), which provides the maximum tolerance to the perception of straylight in an observed visual acuity test. Once the SSF is obtained, the subjective straylight index (SSI) is defined as the area under the SSF curve. Results report the normal values of the SSI in a population of 30 young healthy subjects (19 ± 1 years old), a peak centered at SSI = 0.46 of a normal distribution was found. SSI was also evaluated as a function of both spatial and temporal aspects of vision. Ocular wavefront measures revealed a statistical correlation of the SSI with defocus and trefoil terms. In addition, the time recovery (TR) after induced total disability glare and the SSI were related; in particular, the higher the RT, the greater the SSI value for high- and mid-contrast levels of the visual test. No relationships were found for low contrast visual targets. To conclude, a new computational method for retinal contrast assessment as a function of ocular straylight was proposed as a complementary subjective test for visual function performance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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31. Improving the Performance of Titanium Oxide Nanocomposites as NO2 Gas Sensors for Optimum Sensitivity.
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Nemea, Ameer A. and Al-Abdaly, Basim I.
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GAS detectors , *TITANIUM oxides , *NANOCOMPOSITE materials , *INDUSTRIAL safety , *ENVIRONMENTAL monitoring - Abstract
In this study, we investigate the performance improvement of titanium oxide (TiO2) nanocomposites as NO2 gas sensors for optimum sensitivity. The TiO2 nanocomposites were synthesized using a solvothermal method and were modified with different dopants and additives to enhance their sensing properties. The sensing performance of the TiO2 nanocomposites was evaluated in terms of sensitivity, selectivity, response time, and recovery time. The synthesized nanocomposites were successfully characterized using AFM, FTIR, SEM-EDX and XRD techniques. The results showed that the addition of additives such as TiO2/GO, TiO2-Ag/GO and TiO2- Al2O3/GO: TiO2/GO significantly improved the sensing properties of the TiO2 nanocomposites. The Ag-doped TiO2 nanocomposites exhibited the highest sensitivity towards NO2 gas with a very low detection limit. The Al2O3-doped TiO2 nanocomposites showed good selectivity towards NO2 gas compared to other interfering gases and has led to increase in the surface area. In conclusion, the addition of additives and the optimization of the annealing temperature can significantly improve the sensing properties of TiO2 nanocomposites towards NO2 gas. The findings of this study can contribute to the development of highly sensitive and selective NO2 gas sensors for various applications such as environmental monitoring and industrial safety. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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32. The effect of fishing‐capture stress on the oxygen uptake rate and swimming activity of the holocephalan Callorhinchus milii.
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Finotto, Licia, Walker, Terence I., and Reina, Richard D.
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- *
SWIMMING , *ANIMAL swimming , *ENERGY consumption , *REST periods , *CHONDRICHTHYES - Abstract
Overfishing, capture mortality, and consequences following the release of surviving animals represent severe threats to chondrichthyans. Although holocephalans are common bycaught and discarded species, other than postrelease mortality, little is known of fishing capture stress impacts. The stress response elicited after capture, essential to increase survival chances, is energetically demanding and affects the amount of energy available for other biological activities, with potential long‐term impairments. We measured the effect of 30‐min simulated gillnet capture on oxygen uptake rate (ṀO2), a proxy for metabolic rate and energy use, on recovery pattern, and on swimming activity of elephant fish (Callorhinchus milii). Immediately after simulated capture, Active and Inactive ṀO2, measured during swimming and resting periods, respectively, were 27.5% and 43.1% lower than precapture values. This metabolic decline is likely an adaptation for reducing the energy allocated to non‐essential activities, thus preserving it to sustain the stress response and processes essential for immediate survival. Supporting this, after gillnet capture, animals decreased their swimming time by 26.6%, probably due to a reduction in the energy allocated to movement. After 7 days, swimming activity and both Inactive ṀO2 and Active ṀO2 returned to precapture values. Although metabolic decline may enhance survival chances, the associated decreased swimming activity might increase predation risk and slow the physiological recovery after a fishing event. Moreover, some of the activities involved in Inactive ṀO2 are fundamental for life maintenance and therefore its depression after a capture event might have long‐term repercussions for life sustenance and health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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33. Potential of Zn Doped Silicon and Carbon Nanostructures for Triazavirin Delivery as Effective Drug of Coronavirus Disease.
- Author
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Ali, Eyhab, Almulla, Ausama A., Batoo, Khalid Mujasam, Hussain, Sajjad, Ahmed, Hanan Hassan, Hamood, Sarah A., Al-Abdeen, Salah Hassan Zain, Ramadan, Montather F., Musawi, Sada Ghalib Al-, Zabibah, Rahman S., and Alsalamy, Ali
- Abstract
In this study, the performances of Zn-doped nanotubes and Zn-doped nanocages to delivery of Triazavirin as drugs of Coronavirus disease is examined. The ΔG
adsorption and recovery time for complexes of Triazavirin with Zn-C48 , Zn-Si48 , Zn-CNT (5, 0) and Zn-SiNT (5, 0) are calculated by theoretical methods. The ΔGadsorption of complexes of b, d, f, h including the Triazavirin-Zn-C48 , Triazavirin-Zn-Si48 , Triazavirin-Zn-CNT (5, 0) and Triazavirin-Zn-SiNT (5, 0) in water are -3.46, -3.61, -4.28 and -4.40 eV, respectively. The τ of complexes of b, d, f, h including the Triazavirin-Zn-C48 , Triazavirin-Zn-Si48 , Triazavirin-Zn-CNT (5, 0) and Triazavirin-Zn-SiNT (5, 0) in water are 55.16, 58.52, 62.06 and 67.07 s respectively. Finally, the Zn-SiNT (5, 0) and Zn-CNT (5, 0) have high potential to Triazavirin delivery and these nano-structures can propose to use as deliver of important drugs of Coronavirus disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
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34. Remimazolam: A Retrospective Study of Initial Safety and Recovery Data in Diverse Procedural Sedation.
- Author
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Johnson, Kelsey L., Meyers, Jennifer S., Mortensen, Genna N., Steege, Jenna R., Mara, Kristin C., and Brinkman, Nathan J.
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- 2024
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35. Tumor localization is the important factor for recovery time of postoperative facial nerve paralysis in benign parotid surgery.
- Author
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Kinoshita, Ichita, Kawata, Ryo, Higashino, Masaaki, Terada, Tetsuya, Haginomori, Shin-Ichi, and Tochizawa, Takeshi
- Subjects
- *
FACIAL paralysis , *PAROTIDECTOMY , *TUMORS , *SURGICAL complications , *PARALYSIS ,TUMOR surgery - Abstract
Facial nerve paralysis is the most problematic complication of surgery for parotid tumors. This study aimed to examine the progress of recovery from postoperative transient facial nerve paralysis (POFNP). Participants were 203 patients who developed POFNP after benign parotid surgery. A Kaplan-Meier showed the progress of recovery from paralysis. Factors involved in recovery were examined. For factors for which a significant difference was found, recovery from paralysis was examined over time. Rates of recovery from paralysis were as follows: 28.6% of patients at 1 month, 58.3% at 3 months, 85.9% at 6 months, and 95.1% at 12 months after surgery. Deep lobe tumors were shown to be significantly associated with delayed recovery from paralysis. The relationship between tumor location and the time of recovery from was that deep lobe tumors had a significantly worse recovery from paralysis at 4 and 5 months after surgery. Patients who develop POFNP must be informed about the progress of recovery and factors involved in recovery from paralysis. We believe that the results of the present study are a useful reference to that end. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
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36. Particle Size Effect on Optical and Gas-Sensing Properties of La 0.67 Ca 0.2 Ba 0.13 Fe 0.97 M 0.03 O 3 (M = Ti 4+ , Mn 3+ , and Cr 3+) Compounds.
- Author
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Dhahri, Ahmed, Saoudi, H., Gavinho, S. R., Benali, A., Abdelmoula, N., Dhahri, R., Peng, Lin, Wu, Jiangtao, Pina, J., and Costa, B. F. O.
- Subjects
OPTICAL properties ,ALKALINE earth metals ,GAS detectors ,TRANSMISSION electron microscopy ,ACETONE ,IRON-manganese alloys ,IRON powder - Abstract
In the present work, the morphological, optical, and gas-sensing properties of La
0.67 Ca0.2 Ba0.13 Fe0.97 M0.03 O3 (M = Ti, Cr, and Mn) nano-powders prepared via the auto-combustion route, were investigated. TEM images prove the nanoscale particle size of all the samples. Optical studies confirm the semiconductor behavior of the studied materials. The response of the prepared nano-powders towards the presence of two gas-reducing agents (ethanol and acetone) was investigated. From the resistance ratio under air and gas, it was possible to determine the response to different gases and deduce that La0.67 Ca0.2 Ba0.13 Fe0.97 Ti0.03 O3 presents the highest responses to ethanol and acetone. Likewise, we deduced that the prepared materials were able to detect low concentrations of ethanol and acetone gases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2024
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37. Theoretical screening into urea-based receptor as a promising toxic gas sensor upon SO2, NH3 and H2S
- Author
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G.S. Gopika Krishnan and K. Muraleedharan
- Subjects
Urea-based receptor ,DFT ,Toxic gas sensors ,Work function ,Recovery time ,Electric field ,Physics ,QC1-999 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
The adsorption of toxic gases such as NH3, SO2, H2S, on 1,3 bis (4-nitrophenyl) urea (BNPU) was investigated via the M062X/6–311++ g (d, p) level of theory to evaluate the utility of BNPU-based gas sensors. For each gas molecule, the most stable configuration was determined and the adsorption energies were calculated. The trend of adsorption stability of complexes is observed as, SO2@BNPU≈NH3@BNPU>H2S@BNPU. Further, electronic properties such as orbital analysis, natural bond orbital analysis, and density of states were investigated to understand the mechanism of sensing. The HOMO-LUMO gap was lowered upon adsorption with these gases. The QTAIM analysis was carried out to sketch the nature of the hydrogen bond. An external electric field (EF) of intensity -0.15 V/Å up to +0.15 V/Å was used to further improve the toxic gas-sensing properties of the BNPU. Furthermore, the presence of the EF has a significant effect on the dipole moment and the HOMO-LUMO energy gap.
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- 2024
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38. Spatial and temporal patterns of forest fires in the Central Monte: relationships with regional climate
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Pablo Eugenio Villagra, Erica Cesca, Leandro Manuel Alvarez, Silvia Delgado, and Ricardo Villalba
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Fire recurrence ,Fire mapping ,Recovery time ,Climate ,Dry forest ,Wildfire ,Ecology ,QH540-549.5 - Abstract
Abstract Background Natural and anthropogenic wildfires burn large areas of arid and semi-arid forests with significant socio-economic and environmental impacts. Fire regimes are controlled by climate, vegetation type, and anthropogenic factors such as ignition sources and human-induced disturbances. Projections of climate and land-use change suggest that these controlling factors will change, altering fire regimes in the near future. In the southern Central Monte, Mendoza, Argentina, the factors that modulate the fire temporal and spatial variability are poorly understood. We reconstructed the fire history of southeast of Mendoza from 1984 to 2023 and investigated the relationships between fire extent and climate variability at seasonal and interannual scales. Burned areas were determined using Google Earth Engine by processing Landsat 5-TM, Landsat 7-ETM+ , and Landsat 8-OLI-TIRS sensor imagery. Results The region exhibited high spatial and temporal variability in fire occurrence, being a mosaic of areas with different fire histories and recovery times. Between 1985 and 2023, fire recurrence ranged from sites unburned to sites with up to 14 fires. The occurrence of large fires was strongly favored by a combination of a year with abundant spring–early summer precipitation, which favors fuel accumulation, followed by a year of low spring–early summer precipitation. Precipitation and burnt area showed a very pronounced 6–7 year cycle, suggesting a dominant climatic control on fire occurrence. Conclusions Fire distribution in southeastern Mendoza forests is not homogeneous, resulting in a mosaic of patches with different fire histories. This heterogeneity may be related to vegetation patterns and land use. The temporal variability of fires is strongly influenced by climate variability, which would promote fuel production and subsequent drying. Large fires are concentrated in periods of high interannual precipitation variability. Climate change scenarios predict an increase in temperature and precipitation variability in the region, suggesting future changes in fire dynamics. Our results contribute to the development of fire guidelines for southeastern Mendoza forests, focusing on periods of wet years followed by dry years that favor fire occurrence and spread.
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- 2024
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- View/download PDF
39. Modeling and analysis of recovery time for the COVID-19 patients: a Bayesian approach
- Author
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Kahkashan Ateeq, Saima Altaf, and Muhammad Aslam
- Subjects
Bayesian estimation ,COVID-19 patients ,Fréchet distribution ,Lindley method ,recovery time ,survival time ,Science - Abstract
AbstractThe ongoing pandemic of COVID-19 has changed every aspect of life. Most of the people who become a victim of COVID-19 experience mild to moderate symptoms, but some people may become seriously ill. This illness, sometimes, may lead to a very painful death. The Fréchet distribution is one of the flexible distribution for survival time. Hence, in this article, the recovery time of COVID-19 patients is modeled by a new Fréchet-exponential (FE) distribution, and the parameters of the distribution are estimated in the classical and Bayesian paradigms. Since the Bayes estimators using informative priors are not in the closed form, the Lindley and Tierney–Kadane approximation methods are used for their evaluation. The results obtained through simulation studies and the COVID-19 data set assess the superiority of the Bayes estimators over the classical estimators in terms of minimum risks. Mathematically and graphically, it is shown that our proposed model appropriately fits the data set. The minimum values of Akaike information criterion, Bayesian information criterion, corrected Akaike information criterion, and Hannan-Quinn information criterion proves that the FE distribution better fit than the competitors’ distribution for the data set about the recovery time of COVID-19 patients.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
40. COVID-19 Recovery Time and Its Predictors among Hospitalized Patients in Designated Hospitals in the Madhesh Province of Nepal: A Multicentric Study
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Jitendra Kumar Singh, Dilaram Acharya, Salila Gautam, Dinesh Neupane, Bishnu Bahadur Bajgain, Raman Mishra, Binod Kumar Yadav, Pradip Chhetri, Kwan Lee, and Ankur Shah
- Subjects
COVID-19 ,multicentric study ,recovery time ,predictors ,Nepal ,hospital admission ,Medicine - Abstract
This study aimed to determine COVID-19 recovery time and identify predictors among hospitalized patients in the Dhanusha District of Madhesh Province, Nepal. This hospital-based longitudinal study involved 507 COVID-19 patients admitted to three distinct medical facilities for therapeutic intervention between April and October 2021. Data were collected for patient demography, symptoms, vital signs, oxygen saturation levels, temperatures, heart rates, respiratory rates, blood pressure measurements, and other health-related conditions. Kaplan–Meier survival curves estimated the recovery time, and a Cox proportional hazard model was used to identify the predictors of recovery time. For the total participants, mean age was 51.1 (SD = 14.9) years, 68.0% were males. Of the total patients, 49.5% recovered, and 16.8% died. The median for patient recovery was 26 days (95% CI: 25.1–26.7). Patients with severe or critical conditions were less likely to recover compared to those with milder conditions (hazard ratio (HR) = 0.34, 95% CI: 0.15–0.79; p = 0.012). In addition, an increase in oxygen saturation was associated with an elevated likelihood of recovery (HR = 1.09, 95% CI = 1.01–1.17, p = 0.018). This study underscores the need for early admission to hospital and emphasizes the targeted interventions in severe cases. Additionally, the results highlight the importance of optimizing oxygen levels in COVID-19 patient care.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
41. Evaluation of the Effectiveness of Eugenol and MS-222 as Anesthetics in Zebrafish in Repeated Exposures and Post-Anesthesia Behaviour
- Author
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Nahúm Ayala-Soldado, Rafael Mora-Medina, Ana María Molina-López, Antonio Jesús Lora-Benítez, and Rosario Moyano-Salvago
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anesthesia ,eugenol ,induction time ,MS-222 ,post-anesthesia behaviour ,recovery time ,Veterinary medicine ,SF600-1100 ,Zoology ,QL1-991 - Abstract
The increasing use of the zebrafish (Danio rerio) in scientific experiments has made it necessary to implement anesthesia protocols guaranteeing minimum pain and suffering for these animals and ensuring the reliability of the results obtained from their research. Therefore, we aimed to compare the effectiveness of two anesthetics, eugenol and MS-222, in consecutive administrations and evaluate the zebrafish behaviour after repeated anesthesia. Thus, several zebrafish were anaesthetized with eugenol, MS-222, and buffered MS-222 three times repeatedly with a 24-h interval between each exposure. The induction and recovery periods were also timed. Their swimming frequency was determined after each exposure to assess their behaviour after the anesthesia. Anesthesia induction was quicker with eugenol compared to MS-222. However, eugenol presented longer recovery times, which were prolonged after each exposure. Also, the swimming frequency was reduced after each anesthesia with eugenol. The buffered version of MS-222 was more efficacious than the non-buffered one. Both versions of MS-222 did not affect the swimming frequency. Based on these findings, we recommend the utilization of MS-222 buffered rather than eugenol when repeated, brief-duration anesthesia is necessitated for a study.
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- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
42. Including rest allowance in mixed-model assembly lines.
- Author
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Finco, Serena, Calzavara, Martina, Sgarbossa, Fabio, and Zennaro, Ilenia
- Subjects
ASSEMBLY line methods ,ASSEMBLY line balancing ,ERGONOMICS ,MATHEMATICAL models ,FATIGUE (Physiology) - Abstract
Ergonomics has a significant impact on productivity and human safety in manual assembly lines. For this reason, several studies in recent years have proposed including ergonomics in assembly lines. However, most works are focused on simple assembly lines, while only a few studies exist for mixed-model assembly lines (MMALs). Thus, in this paper, we propose a new methodological approach to include physical fatigue and rest allowance (RA) as ergonomic parameters in MMAL problems. For the balancing problem, we propose a linear mathematical model that minimises the cycle time by including RA. For the sequencing decision, we develop a heuristic approach that assigns workers to workstations according to the workers' age and their related maximum physical capacity. Then, we propose a linear sequencing model that minimises the work-overload by also evaluating RA to assign each worker according to her or his features. Finally, to complete the study, we test the mathematical models in a real case application and provide a detailed discussion of the results to highlight the benefits we can achieve with this approach. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
43. Component-based estimation of recovery time and time-related expenses after hurricane events.
- Author
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Wei, Zhuoxuan, Pinelli, Jean-Paul, Gurley, Kurtis, Hamid, Shahid, Flannery, Gail, Wang, Wanting (Lisa), and Spence, Seymour M. J.
- Subjects
BUSINESS income insurance ,COST of living ,SKYSCRAPERS ,HURRICANE damage ,RECOVERY rooms ,HURRICANES ,WIND damage - Abstract
Introduction: Due to hurricane damage, building residents or businesses must be relocated during the recovery time, which leads to time-related expenses (TRE), also known as additional living expenses (ALE) or extra expense coverage (EEC) or business interruption insurance (BIC). TRE are difficult to predict since they depend on the damage and time necessary to repair the building as well as on external factors such as damaged utilities and the availability of labor and materials, among other issues. Methods: In this study, we developed a new TRE hurricane vulnerability model for mid/high-rise buildings. The model combines estimates of repair time (Trepair), delay time (Tdelay), and utilities downtime (Tdown) to predict overall recovery time (Treco). Results: The outputs of the model include 1) TRE vulnerability matrices, which yield probabilities of Trepair, Tdelay, Tdown, Treco, and TRE conditional on either maximum 3-s wind speed or overall building damage ratio; 2) the corresponding vulnerability curves, which yield the mean values as a function wind speed or damage ratio. Discussion: Insurers can use these results to project TRE, and emergency managers and urban planners can use the recovery times to characterize the resilience of coastal communities. This paper summarizes the methodology and illustrates its implementation and results. The selected results of Treco are compared with the recovery times provided using the HAZUS-MH Hurricane Model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
44. Spatial and temporal patterns of forest fires in the Central Monte: relationships with regional climate.
- Author
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Villagra, Pablo Eugenio, Cesca, Erica, Alvarez, Leandro Manuel, Delgado, Silvia, and Villalba, Ricardo
- Subjects
FOREST fires ,PRECIPITATION variability ,FIRE ,WILDFIRE prevention ,VEGETATION patterns ,LANDSAT satellites ,RIFLE-ranges ,ENVIRONMENTAL engineering - Abstract
Background: Natural and anthropogenic wildfires burn large areas of arid and semi-arid forests with significant socio-economic and environmental impacts. Fire regimes are controlled by climate, vegetation type, and anthropogenic factors such as ignition sources and human-induced disturbances. Projections of climate and land-use change suggest that these controlling factors will change, altering fire regimes in the near future. In the southern Central Monte, Mendoza, Argentina, the factors that modulate the fire temporal and spatial variability are poorly understood. We reconstructed the fire history of southeast of Mendoza from 1984 to 2023 and investigated the relationships between fire extent and climate variability at seasonal and interannual scales. Burned areas were determined using Google Earth Engine by processing Landsat 5-TM, Landsat 7-ETM+ , and Landsat 8-OLI-TIRS sensor imagery. Results: The region exhibited high spatial and temporal variability in fire occurrence, being a mosaic of areas with different fire histories and recovery times. Between 1985 and 2023, fire recurrence ranged from sites unburned to sites with up to 14 fires. The occurrence of large fires was strongly favored by a combination of a year with abundant spring–early summer precipitation, which favors fuel accumulation, followed by a year of low spring–early summer precipitation. Precipitation and burnt area showed a very pronounced 6–7 year cycle, suggesting a dominant climatic control on fire occurrence. Conclusions: Fire distribution in southeastern Mendoza forests is not homogeneous, resulting in a mosaic of patches with different fire histories. This heterogeneity may be related to vegetation patterns and land use. The temporal variability of fires is strongly influenced by climate variability, which would promote fuel production and subsequent drying. Large fires are concentrated in periods of high interannual precipitation variability. Climate change scenarios predict an increase in temperature and precipitation variability in the region, suggesting future changes in fire dynamics. Our results contribute to the development of fire guidelines for southeastern Mendoza forests, focusing on periods of wet years followed by dry years that favor fire occurrence and spread. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Gender Differences in Cardiovascular Responses to Exercise: A Comparative Cross-Sectional Study.
- Author
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Rao, Bora Prasada, Kumar, Hanumanthu Ravi, Srinivas, Y. Raghu, and Padmaja, Rada
- Subjects
- *
GENDER differences (Sociology) , *AEROBIC capacity , *EXERCISE physiology , *DIASTOLIC blood pressure , *HEART beat - Abstract
Background: Cardiovascular health is a fundamental determinant of overall well-being, and understanding how it varies between genders is of paramount importance in the field of exercise physiology and public health. This comparative cross-sectional study aimed to investigate gender differences in cardiovascular responses to exercise, focusing on resting heart rate (RHR), heart rate during exercise, blood pressure responses, recovery time, and maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max). Methods: Male and female participants underwent a standardized exercise protocol, during which RHR and heart rate during exercise were monitored. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP) at rest and during exercise were recorded. Recovery time for heart rate to return to baseline was measured post-exercise. VO2max was assessed using established methods. Results: The study included male (n=100) and female (n=100) participants. While RHR showed a modest gender difference (-4.7 bpm, p=0.12), heart rate during exercise revealed a significant gap between genders (10.3 bpm, p<0.05). Males exhibited higher SBP at rest (+1.6 mm Hg, p<0.05) and a more pronounced increase during exercise (+6.4 mm Hg, p<0.05). DBP response during exercise did not differ significantly (p=0.18). Recovery time for males was faster by 5.4 minutes (p<0.05). Importantly, males demonstrated a significantly higher VO2max compared to females (+7.8 ml/kg/min, p<0.01). Conclusion: Gender differences in cardiovascular responses to exercise were evident in this study. While RHR showed no statistical disparity, males exhibited a greater increase in heart rate during exercise, higher SBP at rest, faster recovery time, and superior aerobic capacity (VO2max). These findings underscore the importance of tailoring exercise interventions and cardiovascular assessments to gender-specific characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024
46. A DFT study of the adsorption behavior and sensing properties of CO gas on monolayer MoSe2 in CO2-rich environment
- Author
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Vinturaj, V. P., Yadav, Ashish Kumar, Singh, Rohit, Garg, Vivek, Bhardwaj, Ritesh, Ajith, K. M., and Pandey, Sushil Kumar
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Enhanced nitrobenzene sensing in metal anchored gamma-graphyne: predictions from density functional theory.
- Author
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Lakshmy, Seetha, Kalarikkal, Nandakumar, and Chakraborty, Brahmananda
- Subjects
- *
DENSITY functional theory , *VAN der Waals forces , *MOLECULAR dynamics , *NITROBENZENE , *COPPER , *INDUSTRIAL wastes - Abstract
Nitrobenzene (NB), being a toxic industrial effluent, its adsorption performance on pristine and metals (Al, Cu and Sc) anchored 2D graphyne (GY) monolayer was studied systematically via the first principles DFT simulations. The NB was found to be weakly adsorbed on the pristine monolayer with an energy of −0.46 eV due to the long-range van der Waals interactions. The NB was strongly adsorbed on the anchored metal site except for the case of Cu. The adsorption energy calculations suggest that the Al-anchored GY monolayer is excellent for the NB sensing because of the reasonable adsorption energy of −1.18 eV, charge transfer of 0.57 e and attainable recovery time of 2.4 s at 450 K. The work function sensitivity of the Al anchored system towards the NB molecule is 10% higher than the pristine system. Moreover, the ab-initio molecular dynamics simulations have predicted the room temperature structural steadiness of the Al-anchored GY monolayer. Overall, our research suggests that the Al-anchored GY monolayer is promising to adsorb the NB molecules effectively and can be potentially applied as an excellent NB biomolecule sensor. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. A randomized controlled trial comparing the recovery time after spinal anesthesia with 2% hyperbaric prilocaine 50 mg vs. 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine 12.5 mg for cystoscopic procedure.
- Author
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Tantri, Aida Rosita and Roy Nathanael Marbun, Juan Carson
- Subjects
- *
PRILOCAINE , *SPINAL anesthesia , *CYSTOSCOPY , *BUPIVACAINE , *RANDOMIZED controlled trials , *FENTANYL - Abstract
Background: Cystoscopy is a urologic procedure performed as a diagnostic or a therapeutic intervention, usually requiring spinal anesthesia (SA). Bupivacaine is a frequently used spinal anesthesia agent. However, the prolonged duration of its effect is a disadvantage. Prilocaine may be an alternative for spinal anesthesia in cystoscopy, which has a shorter duration of action compared to bupivacaine. We compared recovery time of 2% hyperbaric prilocaine 50 mg vs. 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine 12.5 mg for cystoscopic procedures under spinal anesthesia. Methods: This study was a randomized controlled trial involving 66 patients who underwent cystoscopy in Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo National General Hospital under SA. Subjects were randomized into two groups, i.e. prilocaine group to receive SA with hyperbaric prilocaine 2% 50 mg + fentanyl 25 µg and bupivacaine group to receive hyperbaric bupivacaine 0.5% 12.5 mg + fentanyl 25 µg. Following SA, the time to lift the leg 45 degrees and time to regain the ability to walking unsupported were noted in both groups and statistically compared. Hemodynamic changes in SpO2 and NIBP at fixed periods, as well as adverse effects were recorded. Results: Hemodynamic changes and adverse effects were comparable between the two groups. The mean time to lift a leg 45 degrees (93.88 min vs. 180.36 min; P < 0.001) and the time until the patient walked (144.91 min vs. 259.76 min; P < 0.002) were significantly short in the prilocaine group. The mean regression time for prilocaine and bupivacaine SA was 69.36 ± 35.85 and 131.88 ± 79.43 min respectively; the difference being significant (P < 0.001). Conclusion: Hyperbaric prilocaine 2% has a shorter recovery period when compared to hyperbaric bupivacaine 0.5% for spinal anesthesia and is appropriate for the length of the cystoscopy, making it a viable spinal anesthetic option. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Modeling and analysis of recovery time for the COVID-19 patients: a Bayesian approach.
- Author
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Ateeq, Kahkashan, Altaf, Saima, and Aslam, Muhammad
- Subjects
COVID-19 ,DISTRIBUTION (Probability theory) ,BAYES' estimation ,COVID-19 pandemic ,AKAIKE information criterion - Abstract
The ongoing pandemic of COVID-19 has changed every aspect of life. Most of the people who become a victim of COVID-19 experience mild to moderate symptoms, but some people may become seriously ill. This illness, sometimes, may lead to a very painful death. The Fréchet distribution is one of the flexible distribution for survival time. Hence, in this article, the recovery time of COVID-19 patients is modeled by a new Fréchet-exponential (FE) distribution, and the parameters of the distribution are estimated in the classical and Bayesian paradigms. Since the Bayes estimators using informative priors are not in the closed form, the Lindley and Tierney–Kadane approximation methods are used for their evaluation. The results obtained through simulation studies and the COVID-19 data set assess the superiority of the Bayes estimators over the classical estimators in terms of minimum risks. Mathematically and graphically, it is shown that our proposed model appropriately fits the data set. The minimum values of Akaike information criterion, Bayesian information criterion, corrected Akaike information criterion, and Hannan-Quinn information criterion proves that the FE distribution better fit than the competitors' distribution for the data set about the recovery time of COVID-19 patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. A Prospective Study to Assess the Post-Operative Pain in Haemorrhoidectomy with or without Lateral Sphincterotomy.
- Author
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Agrawal, Neelabh
- Subjects
- *
POSTOPERATIVE pain , *PAIN measurement , *LONGITUDINAL method , *SURGICAL complications , *PATIENT satisfaction - Abstract
Background: Haemorrhoidectomy is a commonly performed surgical procedure for the treatment of hemorrhoids. This prospective study aimed to assess post-operative pain in haemorrhoidectomy with or without lateral sphincterotomy and compare the outcomes between the two approaches. Methods: The study included two groups, Group A and Group B, with 50 participants in each group.(Group-A: Hemorrhoidectomy alone; Group-B: Hemorrhoidectomy with lateral sphincterotomy) Demographic characteristics, including age, gender, and duration of symptoms, were recorded and analyzed for both groups. The duration of surgery, intraoperative complications, post-operative complications, pain scores, analgesic requirements, time to return to normal activities, and patient satisfaction ratings were assessed and compared between the groups. Results: The demographic characteristics of the two groups did not show statistically significant differences. The duration of surgery, intraoperative complications, and post-operative complications were comparable between Group A and Group B. Group B demonstrated lower pain scores at 6 hours and 24 hours post-operation compared to Group A, with statistical significance observed at these time points. Analgesic requirements were higher in Group A compared to Group B. Group B exhibited a shorter time to return to normal activities, with statistical significance observed in this outcome. Patient satisfaction ratings did not differ significantly between the groups. Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that omitting lateral sphincterotomy in haemorrhoidectomy may result in reduced early post-operative pain, lower analgesic requirements, and a shorter time to return to normal activities without compromising patient satisfaction. These results support the consideration of lateral sphincterotomy omission as a viable approach in haemorrhoidectomy procedures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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