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Background: Non‐alcoholic Steatohepatitis (NASH) cirrhosis is the second most common indication for liver transplantation (LT) in the US and often is associated with significant co‐morbidities. We validated a model and risk prediction score that reflects the benefit derived from LT for NASH cirrhosis by predicting 5‐year survival post‐LT. Methods: We developed a prediction score utilizing 6515 NASH deceased donor LT (DDLT) recipients from 2002 to 2019 from the Scientific Registry of Transplant Recipients (SRTR) database to identify a parsimonious set of independent predictors of survival. Coefficients of relevant recipient factors were converted to weighted points to construct a risk scoring system that was then externally validated. Results: The final risk score includes the following independent recipient predictors and corresponding points: recipient age (5 points for age ≥70 years), functional status (3 points for total assistance), presence of TIPSS (2 points), hepatic encephalopathy (1 point), serum creatinine (5 points if >1.45 mg/dl), need for mechanical ventilation (3 points), and dialysis within 1 week prior to LT (7 points). Diabetes is a stratifying variable for baseline risk. Scores range from 0 to 20 with scores above 13 having an overall survival of <65% at 5 years post‐LT. Internal and external validation indicated good predictive ability. Conclusion: Our practically useable and validated risk score helps to identify and stratify candidates who will derive the most long‐term benefit from LT for NASH cirrhosis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The importance of effective communication during public health emergencies has been highlighted by the World Health Organization, and it has published guidelines for effective communication in such situations. With video being a popular medium, video communication has been a growing area of study over the past decades and is increasingly used across different sectors and disciplines, including health. Health-related video communication gained momentum during the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, and video was among the most frequently used modes of communication worldwide. However, although much research has been done regarding different characteristics of video content (the message) and its delivery (the messenger), there is a lack of knowledge about the role played by the characteristics of the recipients for the creation of effective communication. Objective: The aim of this review is to identify how health video communication outcomes are shaped by recipient characteristics, as such characteristics might affect the effectiveness of communication. The main research question of the study is as follows: do the characteristics of the recipients of health videos affect the outcomes of the communication? Methods: A scoping review describing the existing knowledge within the field was conducted. We searched for literature in 3 databases (PubMed, Scopus, and Embase) and defined eligibility criteria based on the relevance to the research question. Recipient characteristics and health video communication outcomes were identified and classified. Results: Of the 1040 documents initially identified, 128 (12.31%) met the criteria for full-text assessment, and 39 (3.75%) met the inclusion criteria. The included studies reported 56 recipient characteristics and 42 communication outcomes. The reported associations between characteristics and outcomes were identified, and the potential research opportunities were discussed. Contributions were made to theory development by amending the existing framework of the Integrated-Change model, which is an integrated model of motivational and behavioral change. Conclusions: Although several recipient characteristics and health video communication outcomes were identified, there is a lack of robust empirical evidence on the association between them. Further research is needed to understand how the preceding characteristics of the recipients might affect the various outcomes of health video communication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The purpose of this study was to clarify the significance of recipient gender status on lung transplant outcomes in a large single-institution experience spanning three decades, we analyzed data from all lung transplants performed in our institution since 1986. Kaplan-Meier curves and Cox proportional hazard models were used to evaluate the effect of recipient characteristics on survival and BOS score ≥1-free survival. Logistic regression analysis was used to explore the association of gender with short-term graft function. About 876 lung transplants were performed between 1986 and 2016. Kaplan-Meier survival estimates at 5 years post-transplant for females vs males in the LAS era were 71% vs 58%. In the LAS era, females showed greater unadjusted BOS≥1-free survival than males (35% vs 25%, P=.02) over 5 years. Female gender was the only factor in the LAS era significantly associated with improved adjusted 5-year survival [ HR 0.56 (95% CI 0.33, 0.95) P=.03]. Conversely, in the pre- LAS era female gender was not associated with improved survival. Female recipients showed significantly improved survival over 5 years compared to males in the LAS era. A prospective analysis of biologic and immunologic differences is warranted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Kidney transplantation success can help improve the quality of life substantially and alleviate much of the physical, social and psychological stress that comes with dialysis lifestyle. Preemptive kidney transplantation has been established to be superior with more success rates than other means of transplantation types. However, low rates of this method need more attention to address the reason and tackle the root causes affecting low preemptive kidney transplantation., Methods: This study was undertaken at a tertiary care academic hospital. We conducted a retrospective chart review of 50 living donor kidney transplants (recipient and donor charts) between January 1, 2017 and September 30, 2018 and performed a root cause analysis on the module. A three-step algorithm was developed to divide the root cause of all preemptive kidney transplantation., Results: Out of 50 patients included, only 11 (22%) achieved a successful preemptive kidney transplantation. Furthermore, an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) of 15 - 20 was a significant factor in achieving preemptive kidney transplantation (P = 0.042). Meanwhile, 22 recipients started dialysis before transplant and was a major cause of not achieving the preemptive transplantation despite them achieving the status. Moreover, the most common recipient root cause was incidental medical issues in 10 cases (20%) while in donor factors, the most common root cause was the delay in evaluating multiple donors to achieve the preemptive status (20%)., Conclusion: Even though preemptive kidney transplantation is superior when compared to other modalities, achieving such a milestone is still considered very challenging. An eGFR of 15 - 20 was a significant factor in achieving preemptive kidney transplantation, while pre-transplant dialysis was a major cause of not achieving it. Further large-scale studies are needed to identify new factors as well as validate our findings., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest., (Copyright 2021, Alsharani et al.)