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Background/Aim. Cataract surgery is one of the most often performed surgical interventions. The predominant method in Western countries is phacoemulsification, while in developing countries, the extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE) method remains popular. The aim of the study was to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of these two cataract surgery techniques from the provider’s perspective if operation complications were the outcome of the interest. Methods. The data were obtained from the Department of Ophthalmology of the General Hospital Kruševac during a one-year period. A total of 1,179 surgeries by five surgeons were performed. The cost-effectiveness was evaluated using the decision tree. All probabilities were calculated based on the likelihood of the occurrence during the study period. Only direct costs were considered, and values were taken from the documentation at the hospital and the official price list of health services. One- and two-way sensitivity analyses were performed. Results. The total cost per patient in the phacoemulsification group was 71,008.70 Serbian dinars (RSD), while the total cost in the ECCE group was 74,340.36 RSD. At the same time, phacoemulsification shows higher effectiveness than the ECCE method, with 87% and 57% of patients without complications, respectively. With these results, phacoemulsification was the dominant strategy compared to ECCE. The sensitivity analysis revealed that the results are sensitive to the number of performed operations per year. Conclusion. The phacoemulsification technique seems to be the preferred technique for cataract surgery. All the investment in phacoemulsification equipment and consumables is justified if the number of surgeries per year exceeds 350.

Pravo glasa zapisano je u prvim dokumentima ustavne prirode – deklaracijama o pravima građana, kao jedno od osnovnih prava. Ono može da se ostvari jedino na slobodnim i legitimnim izborima, koje takvim moraju učiniti organi za sprovođenje izbora, koji će omogućiti građanima da potpuno uživaju to svoje pravo. Neophodno je da ti organi budu nepristrasni i nezavisni, a to se može postići jedino ako u njihov sastav ulaze pravni i politički stručnjaci, ljudi koji imaju iskustva u sprovođenju pravnog procesa. Važno je da se takvi ljudi u organe biraju nepristrasno i na osnovu stručnosti jer samo takvi mogu da vrše tu bitnu funkciju. Treba naglasiti i nezavisnost i kvalifikovanost tih organa jer od legitimnosti izbora zavisi budućnost građana i države.

A hybrid receptor‐sensor for anions originating from the merging of positively charged ammonium moieties for electrostatic attraction/stronger binding of azacrowns with directionality of calixpyrrole hydrogen bond donors for selectivity is investigated. As demonstrated this hybrid receptor‐sensor shows a remarkable selectivity for orthophosphate even in the presence of other phosphates and anions found in cellular materials (Kassoc H2PO4−>H2P2O72−>AMP−≫ADP2− or ATP3− over halides, nitrate, or hydrogen sulfate; all Na+ salts in water) but also cellular polyphosphate or phospholipids. This selectivity is harnessed in a real‐time monitoring of cell lysis by lysozyme, which releases orthophosphate and other phosphates and anions from the cells. This sensitive (LOD 0.4 μM) fluorescence‐based microscale method compares favorably with the state‐of‐the‐art techniques but can easily be practiced in a high‐throughput screening (HTS) manner. The anion binding and selectivity in aqueous solutions were investigated by NMR and put in context with phosphate binding of the parent calix[4]pyrrole. The microscopic understanding of anion binding by the hybrid receptor was then obtained from a combination of density functional theory (DFT), classical molecular dynamics (MD) with explicit water solvation, and ab initio MD (AIMD) simulations. Correlating the NMR and fluorescence binding data with studies of solvation of the receptor, phosphate anion, and the resulting complex confirms the binding is largely driven by entropic component (TΔS) associated with receptor and anion desolvation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A hybrid receptor-sensor for anions originating from the merging of positively charged ammonium moieties for electrostatic attraction/stronger binding of azacrowns with directionality of calixpyrrole hydrogen bond donors for selectivity is investigated. As demonstrated this hybrid receptor-sensor shows a remarkable selectivity for orthophosphate even in the presence of other phosphates and anions found in cellular materials (K assoc H 2 PO 4 - >H 2 P 2 O 7 2- >AMP - ≫ADP 2- salts in water) but also cellular polyphosphate or phospholipids. This selectivity is harnessed in a real-time monitoring of cell lysis by lysozyme, which releases orthophosphate and other phosphates and anions from the cells. This sensitive (LOD 0.4 μM) fluorescence-based microscale method compares favorably with the state-of-the-art techniques but can easily be practiced in a high-throughput screening (HTS) manner. The anion binding and selectivity in aqueous solutions were investigated by NMR and put in context with phosphate binding of the parent calix[4]pyrrole. The microscopic understanding of anion binding by the hybrid receptor was then obtained from a combination of density functional theory (DFT), classical molecular dynamics (MD) with explicit water solvation, and ab initio MD (AIMD) simulations. Correlating the NMR and fluorescence binding data with studies of solvation of the receptor, phosphate anion, and the resulting complex confirms the binding is largely driven by entropic component (TΔS) associated with receptor and anion desolvation.3- over halides, nitrate, or hydrogen sulfate; all Na + salts in water) but also cellular polyphosphate or phospholipids. This selectivity is harnessed in a real-time monitoring of cell lysis by lysozyme, which releases orthophosphate and other phosphates and anions from the cells. This sensitive (LOD 0.4 μM) fluorescence-based microscale method compares favorably with the state-of-the-art techniques but can easily be practiced in a high-throughput screening (HTS) manner. The anion binding and selectivity in aqueous solutions were investigated by NMR and put in context with phosphate binding of the parent calix[4]pyrrole. The microscopic understanding of anion binding by the hybrid receptor was then obtained from a combination of density functional theory (DFT), classical molecular dynamics (MD) with explicit water solvation, and ab initio MD (AIMD) simulations. Correlating the NMR and fluorescence binding data with studies of solvation of the receptor, phosphate anion, and the resulting complex confirms the binding is largely driven by entropic component (TΔS) associated with receptor and anion desolvation., (© 2024 Oak Ridge National Laboratory and The Author(s). Chemistry - A European Journal published by Wiley-VCH GmbH on behalf of Chemistry Europe.)