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School quality is the most important aspect and a major issue in the education system. This research aims to explore the influence of teamwork and curriculum effectiveness on improving school quality. The method employed is based on a quantitative design with a survey approach. A questionnaire was used to collect data from 146 respondents. School quality is the key variable in this research. The data analysis was conducted using SmartPLS software to provide detailed information on the contribution of each variable's indicators. The findings of this research indicate a strong contribution from each variable in enhancing school quality. The R-square value for the curriculum effectiveness variable is 0.365, meaning that this variable contributes to a 36.5% improvement in school quality. On the other hand, the teamwork variable contributes 62.3% to school quality. These results clearly demonstrate the originality of this research, highlighting that teamwork in schools has a higher contribution value than curriculum effectiveness. Future research needs to examine how to establish teamwork in Islamic educational institutions in an effort to enhance quality.

In the current era, the use of corpora in language teaching is mainly explored in English classes as it has become a trend in education. Hence, this research aimed to identify the corpus metadata, frequently used words, and unique words related to the Islamic boarding school context to be used in the English instructional process. This research employed a mixed method combining quantitative and qualitative data analysis methods. Two English Islamic boarding school books, several articles covering the scope of Islamic boarding school, and students' speech texts were selected as the data. Then, they were analyzed using the Voyant tool. The finding showed total words of 49,970: 5,417 specific words, 0.108 vocabulary density, and a 12,980-readability index. The finding will be incorporated into instructional resources for developing Islamic boarding school students' general and/or specialized vocabulary. The words, in particular, will provide a foundation for students in constructing Islamic speech texts, delivering speeches, and using English in an Islamic boarding school environment.

The study aims to describe the success of the collaborative supervision between the head of the madrasah and the teachers at five private madrasah tsanawiyah in Gresik. This research, a qualitative case study design, involved the head of the madrasah and the teachers of five private madrasah tsanawiyah. Instruments used include interviews, observations, and documentation. Data analysis techniques used are data condensation, data presentation, conclusion drawing, and verification. The research findings demonstrate the significant positive impact of collaborative supervision on teachers' creativity and professionalism and its direct correlation with students' improved learning quality and learning outcomes. Collaborative supervision has been successful in enhancing the creativity of teachers in the implementation of a multicultural-based independent curriculum. The implications of the findings provide a strong basis for educational institutions to consider implementing more effective collaborative supervision strategies in the context of a multicultural-based independent curriculum. The importance of considering cultural and multicultural contexts is also highlighted in designing educational supervision programmes and strengthening the inclusive learning environment.

The impact of Muslim parents on their daughters' sports and games in inclusion varies, spanning from progressive endorsement due to the physical and social advantages to reservations grounded in traditions and religious convictions. This has culminated in limited Muslim female inclusion in sporting events. This study explored the inclusion of female Muslim students in sports and games in Islamic schools using a qualitative research approach with 20 participants, which include 10 teachers and 10 parents. Concerning parents' and Islamic teachers' perceptions of Muslim females' inclusion in sports and games, three core thematic areas were revealed: positive influence on character development, school for Important Skills, and secret Code for Success, which favourably influences the diverse development of Muslim girls. Numerous considerations at individual levels of the Social Ecological Model (SEM) influence parental decisions about Muslim female sports inclusion. Individually, parental choices are induced by weighty factors, including religious convictions (prayer periods), cultural principles, and modesty concerns. The study further unearths how teachers shape the sports climate at the organisational level. The organisation's endeavours to provide inclusive and supportive settings for Muslim female girls are shown in the adaptation of activities, deliberate education and awareness promotion, partnership promotion and incorporation of scientific notions into sporting events. As sports are seen as important educational instruments for fostering the development of Muslim female students, they must be integrated into the curriculum. Stakeholders in the education sector must collaborate to guarantee Muslim female students receive a fair opportunity to excel in sports and games while respecting their cultural and religious beliefs utilising these synchronised initiatives.

This study establishes a clear correlation between positive and negative emotions, subjective well-being, school burnout, and sensation seeking in religious students. The survey design employed a cross-sectional technique on a convenience sample of 205 religious students. The data was collected using the classical arrangement of each class in the school after obtaining approval for research procedures and ethical codes from the research institute. Data collection instruments included the Positive Affect Negative Affect scale, School Burnout Inventory, and Brief Sensation-seeking. The study results confidently indicate that positive emotions have a negative relationship with school burnout, but at the same time, a stronger positive relationship with school burnout than negative emotions. Sensation seeking is a significant predictor of both positive and negative emotions. Therefore, it is reasonable to hypothesize that sensation seeking may mediate the relationship between positive and negative variables. Further research is needed to confirm this hypothesis. The implications and suggestions have been discussed in this study.

This research aims to produce integrated biology teaching materials with the values of the Al-Qur'an and As-Sunnah that are valid and effective in improving cognitive, psychomotor, and strengthening students' faith and devotion. This development research (R&D) uses the ADDIE model which consists of five stages, i.e. analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. The data collection techniques used were literature studies, observations, interviews, questionnaires, and tests. Data collection instruments used include interview sheets, validation sheets, questionnaire sheets, pre-test and post-test question sheets, observation sheets, and checklists. The teaching materials were validated by three validators (material experts, learning experts, Al-Qur'an/Hadist experts), and practitioners from several biology teachers from different schools. The data was analyzed quantitatively and qualitatively (triangulation). The research results showed that the teaching materials developed met the very valid category based on the assessment of material experts, learning experts, Al-Qur'an/Hadist experts, and practitioners. Moreover, the products received excellent responses from the students. The teaching materials could improve students' cognitive and psychomotor and also increase students' values of faith and piety. Further action will be extended to schools, especially schools with Islamic nuances so that they can be used both as self-taught materials for students and as teaching materials for teachers to use in the learning process.

Science literacy abilities and collaborative skills are part of the life skills demands of the 21st century. This research aims to analyze the effectiveness of the PjBL learning model in improving the Science literacy and collaborative skills of students at Muhammadiyah 2 Middle School, Batu City and Muhammadiyah 8 Middle School, Batu City. The research design uses Pretest-Posttest Control Group Design. The research sample consisted of 60 class VIII students taken by total sampling. Data was obtained through observation, questionnaires and tests. Data analysis uses covariance analysis (ANCOVA) to verify the data against the proposed hypothesis. The research results show that the average Science literacy and collaboration in PjBL learning is higher than conventional learning. The results of the analysis can be concluded that the implementation of PjBL effectively influences students' Science literacy and students' collaboration skills. Thus, the PjBL model is recommended to be implemented to support the implementation of the Independent Curriculum at the junior high school level as an effort to develop students' 21st century life skills.

Researchers have considered how school choice policies affect student achievement, but less inquiry explores how the organization of schools may change in the presence of choice. This descriptive and exploratory paper analyzes a state representative sample of school mission statements at two time points: before the enactment of choice policies in Indiana, namely the Indiana Choice Scholarship Program, and again six years into the policy. Using structural topic modeling, this paper examines whether and how school mission statements topics have changed over this period. Descriptive findings suggest mission statement topics differ significantly between sectors but show few changes over time. The most striking shift is that Catholic and other private religious schools appear to be clarifying the religious aspects of their mission in the presence of robust choice policies.

Research has shown that school leaders' engagement in teacher induction is vital for establishing supportive school structures and conditions that are conducive to successful socialization and long-term sustenance of newly qualified teachers (NQTs). In Malta, the problem of teacher recruitment and a growing attrition rate is becoming very acute. This article describes findings from an exploratory qualitative study that examined the perceptions of five heads of schools regarding their engagement in the induction and mentoring programs that have been designed to support NQTs in Malta. The findings describe the ways through which the heads of school support NQTs and their advice for new heads of schools working with NQTs. The article offers a discussion of research results in relation to the extant literature and concludes with implications for practice and further research.

The aim of this qualitative study was to investigate the way Hungarian primary language teachers coped with emergency remote teaching (ERT) introduced during the Covid-19 epidemic and the effects this mode of teaching exerted on their subsequent face-to-face teaching practice. While there are scores of studies written on the subject, hardly any have focussed on primary language education; hence our choice of the primary school sample. Out of a multi-item online questionnaire forwarded to all the primary schools in Hungary, we decided to focus on the last two items only, namely those which requested the 706 volunteering respondents to suggest two metaphors with concomitant brief explanations: one to describe their experiences of online teaching in 2020, and another one to specify the changes they perceived in their professional attitudes and competences by the time of administering the survey in 2022. The results demonstrate a decisively positive shift as the respondents realised that the digital expertise that they had gained during ERT would help them teach more effectively in the "real" classroom. The study also raises the issue of what educational authorities and teacher educators should do to promote digital education in pre- and in-service training.

This research aims to analyse whether the increasing use of case-based learning (CBL) by madrasa aliyah teachers in Indonesia improves their teaching skills in the field of education. This study employed a quasi-experimental technique and data from a CBL intervention programme to investigate how CBL is connected with teachers' hybrid teaching skill. The data was analysed using the difference-indifference design. In general, the teaching skill of madrasa teachers is solely treated as a predictor of the practice of teaching Islamic religious education. Still, we discovered that the greater use of CBL in hybrid learning can favorably affect the teaching skill of madrasa teachers. CBL is positively associated with student involvement and teaching in learning among the madrasa teacher teaching skill subscales. However, according to our data analysis, students' favourable responses to Islamic religious education, and hybrid learning practices can moderate the link between CBL and the teaching skill of madrasa teachers. This study has significance for the CBL model's growth in strengthening the teaching skill of madrasa teachers in distance learning Islamic religious education.

Electronic student worksheets (e-worksheet) are needed as alternative teaching materials in learning. This study aims to produce teaching materials in the form of e-worksheet based on Search Solve Create and Share (SSCS) Islamic context to improve science process skills on class XI excretory system material that is worthy of the results of validity, responses of students and biology teachers. This research was conducted at MAN 1 Bogor. The research model used is a 4D model (Define, Design, Develop, Disseminate), but in research only to the development stage (Develop). The e-worksheet teaching materials developed are tested for validity. The results of validity tests by design and media experts obtained 89% in the very decent category, material expert assessments obtained 84% in the very feasible categories, and expert assessments of Islamic religious education obtained 100% in the very feasible categories. The results of student responses obtained percentages of 89% in limited trials and 89.7% in expanded trials. Based on the findings of the research results, it can be concluded that E e-worksheet based on Search Solve, Create and Share (SSCS), an Islamic context to improve science process skills on the excretory system material developed, is very feasible to be used and applied to biology learning.

This research aimed to investigate science learning in Tanfidz Boarding School. The focus of this research are: (1) Factors affecting students of a religious boarding school toward science learning, (2) Islamic boarding school students' perception and attitude toward science learning (value of science learning to religious boarding school students), (3) students' perception toward pleasant science learning. This was qualitative research. Method used in this research was phenomenology. Data collecting technique was an interview. Data analysis techniques applied were: collecting data, presenting data, and drawing conclusions. The results of this study were the school's vision and mission, parents, science teachers and religion teachers caused students to like or dislike science. Students assessed science as important because it was a provision to continue higher education, it was useful for carrying out daily activities, and it had historical considerations to restore the glory of Islam through science. Pleasant learning, creative packaging, being able to motivate, to connect science and religion, investigative activities, being humorous, being able to connect science with everyday life and to explain well were students' perceptions of a good teacher. The reasons students selected Tahfidz boarding school were the attitudes of science teachers, religion teachers, its school vision and mission, and attitudes of parents. Pleasant learning by a professional teacher was conducted by presenting creative learning, and having good emotional control. The implication of the results of this research is that the management of science learning in religious-based Islamic boarding schools needs to pay attention to the desires and needs of students in learning.

The re-emergence of the COVID-19 virus has had a significant impact on the educational system. In order to maintain its high standard, education needs to evolve to reflect the new world order, and this is especially true of secondary education. As part of studying the English language, students should be taught how to comprehend the reading materials that are assigned to them. The flipped classroom model is gaining popularity in this pandemic era, but its efficacy in secondary education is being questioned because it is an entirely novel instructional approach, specifically in the teaching and learning of English in Islamic secondary schools. The objective of this study was to conduct a quantitative analysis of how flipping the classroom affected Indonesian senior high school students' reading comprehension levels. There were 56 students participating in this study. The study's findings demonstrated an increase in students' reading comprehension scores after the students were taught by using flipped reading classroom. The results suggested that the Flipped Reading Comprehension Classroom has a considerable impact on the accomplishment of Islamic secondary school students, and it is recommended that it be applied in ELT classes due to its numerous advantages.

This research aims to explore the paradigm of applying learning by doing to create active learning in Islamic education. A combination of both quantitative and qualitative methods was used in this study. Data collection begins with qualitative data and continues with quantitative data. This flow is also known as exploratory sequential design. The study's findings indicate that the use of learning by doing in Islamic education creates a supportive and adaptable learning environment where students can develop their critical thinking, collaboration and communication skills through firsthand experience and other people's teachings. Second, learning by doing has a positive influence on students in Islamic education. The findings of the quantitative data analysis in the test (paired sample t-test) demonstrate a substantial difference between the results before and after implementing learning by doing performance-based learning. The degrees of freedom (dk), the magnitude of which is N-1 as well as 40-1 = 39 are the basis for determining the value of the t-table. The value of degrees of freedom 39 at a significant level of 5% is obtained by t-table 1.684. The results can be obtained with a count greater than the t-table namely 16,701 > 1,684and Sig. (2-tailed) = 0.000 < 0.05 based on the results of the analysis of the t-test (paired sample t-test). So, it can be concluded that learning by doing can improve the ability to think creatively, logically, systematically and critically.

The purpose of this study is to determine whether increasing the use of project-based learning (PBL) by madrasa aliyah teachers in Indonesia enhances their capacity in leadership competences. This study employed a quasi-experimental approach to investigate how project-based learning (PBL) is connected with teachers' leadership competency and analyzed the data using a t-test. In general, we found that the PBL program positively affected the leadership competence of madrasa teachers in Islamic religious education learning. Also, that the PBL program positively affected students' perceptions of the level of effort a teacher exerted to provoke interest. Estimating an instrumental variable approach on the subset of schools with the most substantial increase in PBL use found that PBL was positively related to teachers' perceptions of class preparation, attempts to induce teacher interest, and the frequency with which students share ideas in class. This study introduces teaching practice as a mediating factor that affects the leadership competence of madrasa teachers, a contribution to the literature that seeks to understand the development of madrasa teachers' leadership competencies in Islamic religious education learning. This research has implications for developing the PBL model in improving the leadership competence of madrasa teachers in learning Islamic religious education.

Sustainability career for teachers has not been a concern due to the assumption that teaching will always be sustainable as a career. Data showed by UNESCO that the world needs almost 69 million new teachers to reach the 2030 Education goals. Turnover in the teaching profession is also high. It is necessary to find out what factors affect the sustainability career for teachers. This article analyzes teachers' career sustainability using the variables of Motivation, Commitment, Leadership, and perspective workload, from millennial generation teachers through the Internalization of Islamic Values. The data was analyzed statistically using Structural Equation Modeling (SEM). Samples for this research were taken from Islamic schools in Java, Indonesia, The instruments are questionnaires using Likert scales. The results show motivation, commitment, perceived workload, Islamic value internalization, and leadership combined affecting 73.8% of teachers' career sustainability.

The Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) are global action plans that aim to address various problems globally in the social, economic, cultural, energy, and environmental fields. One of the global problems is the significant open unemployment rate due to the gap between graduates and available jobs. Therefore, we need an innovation in learning to train students to develop their competencies. Competency development can be done through chemoentrepreneurship-based chemistry learning (CEP). CEP-based learning is chemistry learning through projects in product manufacturing and marketing. This study aims to measure students' social and vocational skills through CEP learning. This research was conducted at Islamic Senior High School in Rembang, Indonesia. The research subjects were 47 students. The results of the N-gain test showed that the social skills of the experimental and control groups experienced an increase in the low/effective less category. The N-gain value of the experimental group's social skills was 50.06, while the control group was 41.32. The results of the N-gain test for vocational skills in the experimental group were better than those in the control group. The increase in the vocational skills of the experimental group was in the medium/quite effective category (58.32), while the control group experienced a very low/ineffective increase in the category (33.47). [Note: The issue number (1) shown on the PDF is incorrect. The correct issue number is 2.]

Research on the roles of textbooks in EFL teaching contexts has been widely reported. However, studies on textbook adaptation strategies in a technology-integrated classroom have not received much attention. To fill the gap, the current research sought to explore the types of textbook adaptation strategies employed by an Indonesian EFL teacher in a technology-integrated teaching environment. The challenges encountered and the coping strategies used by the teacher were also investigated. Through a qualitative case study design, an English teacher of an Islamic junior high school in Medan was purposively recruited as the participant. An interview and document analysis were employed to collect the data. The interview data were analyzed using a thematic analysis while the documents were through skimming, reading, and interpretation. The findings revealed that the teacher employed several adaptive strategies, such as omission, addition, and modification on the assignments, the language skills, student activities, and approaches (conventional to the technologybased classroom) through the use of websites, a projector, and digital tools. It was also found that adapting the textbook was challenged by the varied students' levels of proficiency and learning styles, as well as the students' expectations of the teacher. As the coping strategies, the teacher optimized her skills of technology literacy to design creative and engaging learning materials and included tasks that met the levels of students from low and high-achieving groups. The findings of this study imply the crucial roles of all education stakeholders in providing support for teachers to use textbooks effectively.

As access to private religious education expands through vouchers, public discourse has positioned these schools as politically neutral spaces. Teachers who seek to ethically care for students are thus placed in a predicament. In this article, we present the fictive case study of a middle school teacher in a suburban Catholic school that has accepted vouchers and consequently undergone significant demographic and political shifts. When the teacher makes a curricular decision that responds in caring and critical ways to their students, they face a wave of parental opinions that call their instruction and ethical aims into question.

This paper aims to capture the digital imaginaries of Hungarian schools through the lens of digital utopianism as a theoretical framework. Employing a qualitative research approach and semi-structured interviews, this study contributes to the body of literature concerning organizational and policy-level educational management. It investigates utopian and dystopian visions of digitalized schools within the Hungarian education system, featuring participants comprising school leaders, teachers, and administrative staff drawn from five institutions, offering either general or vocational education, representing diverse ownership structures, including state and religious ownership. The study highlights prominent themes of the imaginaries, such as funding and infrastructure, equity, misuse, and social and pedagogical relations and suggests further research directions and methodologies applicable in this field.

Teacher quality is one of the most important factors influencing a student's educational outcomes, yet scant research has examined teacher hiring and quality in Protestant Christian schools. In this qualitative work, we thematically analyze interviews about Christian schools' teacher hiring practices with a group of 12 leaders from 10 member schools in the Association of Christian Schools International. We find that these 10 schools generally follow a standard hiring process. The qualifications they seek in teachers could be arranged into a pyramid, where the base -- the most fundamental quality -- is demonstration of authentic belief in Protestant Christian doctrines. After faith, school leaders desired teachers to demonstrate Christian virtue and to be a good "fit" for their school culture; at the tip of the pyramid is the category of professional and pedagogical skills. While there was some heterogeneity in the top three tiers among school leaders, all agreed on the importance of Christian school teachers having "a heart for Christ and a heart for kids."

Grounded on scholarly works this study examined the lived experiences of children in the Ethiopian Orthodox Church school through the lens of a child rights-based approach. Three articles of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of the Child (UNCRC) were chosen as an analytical framework. The review revealed that the vast majority of "Yekolo Temari" joined the EOC school with their own interest, but the practice left them deprived of the family environment. They needed the protection and care necessary for their well-being. This study recommends that the government of Ethiopia and all stakeholders enforce domestic laws that ensure the well-being of Yekolo Temari.

According to the World Economic Forum, the occupational gender gap with men dominating well-remunerated STEM careers is a key factor in the gender pay gap. However, the problem of underrepresentation of women in STEM fields is mitigated or reversed in some Eastern European and Islamic countries. This disparity suggests that cultural factors are at play. Gender-segregated schooling, which is commonly practiced in Islamic countries, is often seen as a contributing factor. However, the issue of gender-segregated education sparks much controversy. Critics argue evidence is lacking, and segregation may foster sexism and hinder social skills. In New Zealand, there is a significant opportunity to conduct research on gender segregation, as approximately 14.43% of girls and 14.35% of boys attend single-gender schools for their secondary (high school) education. In contrast to the USA and Australia, where single-gender schooling is predominantly offered by private and/or Catholic schools, the majority of New Zealand gender-segregated schools are state schools. Utilising the TIMSS 2019 dataset, our analysis revealed that girls from low socio-economic backgrounds and boys from higher socio-economic backgrounds who attend single-gender schools exhibit significantly higher mathematics and science achievement scores compared to their counterparts in co-educational settings. This success is particularly striking for girls in low socio-economic settings. Given mixed international evidence, this suggests that there must be protective factors at single-gender New Zealand schools, positively influencing these students. We examine potential factors setting apart girls-only schools to provide an explanation of our results: (1) a mitigated influence of gender socialisation practices and stereotype threat and (2) explicit messaging aimed at challenging stereotypes and empowering girls to actively engage in STEM fields.

This research explores the Madrasah Head's leadership role in enhancing teachers' pedagogical competence at Madrasah Aliyah Al Mawasir Lamasi, including various leadership styles and their impact. It also identifies supporting and inhibiting factors. This research employs a qualitative descriptive approach to objectively describe facts or phenomena by collecting data as they exist during the research process. The study was conducted at MA Al Mawasir Lamasi, located on Poros Lamasi Street, Lamasi District, Luwu Regency. The research subjects comprised 25 individuals, including the Head of the Madrasah, Vice Principals, and MA Al Mawasir Lamasi teachers. This study utilized three main data collection techniques: observation, interviews, and documentation. Based on the research results that involved data, interviews, observations, and documentation, as well as the analysis conducted, it is evident that the pedagogical competence of teachers at Madrasah Aliyah Al Mawasir Lamasi has been effectively implemented following the applicable competency standards. Implementing pedagogical competence encompasses mastery of instructional materials, understanding student characteristics, development of relevant curriculum, delivery of quality teaching, precise student assessment and evaluation, and utilizing information and communication technology as a supporting tool in the learning process.

Psychological well-being is fundamental for adolescents to be adaptive and fully functioning in the environment. For adolescents who stay in boarding school, even though they are away from their parents due to boarding school rules, parents still have a role to provide support and direct their behavior through parental control. On the other hand, adolescence is a period where children learn to be detached from their parents and strive for autonomy. The present study aimed to investigate the role of autonomy need frustration as a mediating variable between parental psychological control and psychological well-being for adolescents who stayed in boarding school. A survey was completed by 318 Islamic boarding school adolescents with an age range from 12--18 years old. The findings showed that autonomy need frustration fully mediated the relationship between parental psychological control and psychological well-being. Parental psychological control causes a decline in boarding school adolescents' psychological well-being through the feeling of autonomy need frustration. These results support further development of studies regarding the psychological well-being of adolescents, especially in the boarding school context.

Teaching management has undergone a paradigm shift in the 21st century, from content-based to competency-based. The changing pedagogical landscape has posed a significant challenge to Islamic schools since many still adhere to traditional content-based instruction. To eliminate learning barriers and embrace modern education, this qualitative study investigated teaching management strategies for Islamic Education and key challenges that teachers encountered in cultivating global citizenship for learners. Data were collected from interviews focus group discussion and teaching observations with twelve school administrators and twelve Islamic education teachers, who were purposively selected from twelve schools in southern Thailand. Qualitative content analysis with data organization and classification identified that the schools employed six teaching management strategies to maneuver Islamic Education: emphasizing individual differences, integrating information and communication technology, associating off-class experiences, bridging localness with internationalness, integrating Science, and considering modern evaluation. Furthermore, the results revealed that the attitudes of the Islamic-education teachers were largely attached to conventional teaching styles, relied on subject matters that are less relevant to the needs of the global society, and developmental processes remained significantly ambiguous. Hence, these three challenges were found to be the prime obstructing factors of teaching capacities and adaptability that hindered educational cultivation for 21stcentury global citizenship. This study proposes new instructional models for private Islamic schools to transform their teaching toward 21st-century education.

The purpose of this study is based on various variables (gender and state of taking private tutoring) to determine differentiation in private tutoring tendencies of 12th grade students and their opinions about private tutoring. Mixed method sequential explanatory design was used in this study. The quantitative study group consists of 717 students in 12th grade secondary school studying in different schools types in Istanbul. Quantitative data were collected through stratified sampling method. The qualitative study group consists of 11 students selected according to quantitative data. The maximum variation sampling method was preferred for collecting qualitative data. The "Private Tutoring Tendency Scale" was used for collecting quantitative data; the semi-structured interview form developed by the researchers was used for collecting qualitative data. According to the study results, it was observed that there is significant difference in private tutoring tendency levels of the participants with respect to the gender and private tutoring experience variables. When qualitative findings are considered, it is evident that opinions of the participants are mainly gathered under the themes. These themes are reason for private tutoring tendency, general opinions on private tutoring and methodological opinions on private tutoring. Depending on the findings obtained within the scope of the research, suggestions were made for the legal regulation and the examination of private tutoring from different perspectives.

American universities rely on donations from alumni to balance their budgets, yet alumni giving rates and amounts have been in persistent decline despite consistently increasing numbers of college graduates. This study asked: how strongly do new alumni identify with their alma mater and the alumni role, how much do they understand about alumni role behavior expectations, and do they intend to engage in those behaviors in the future? Recent university graduates (n = 567) participated in an online survey measuring their organizational identity, alumni role identity, understanding of the alumni role, and the impact of these measures on self-reports of future alumni support behaviors. New alumni express average to above average organizational and alumni role identity, yet do not express commensurate understanding of alumni behaviors, and do not intend to engage in those behaviors in the foreseeable future. In addition, overall student engagement was the most significant predictor of all measures of identity and behavior. Efforts to increase alumni giving should be aligned with these results, with more emphasis given to educating alumni about the alumni role rather than asking them for donations upon graduation, and targeting the alumni who were most engaged as undergraduates as the most likely alumni to support the university.

Most studies of sex education center on local Anglo-Euro-American contexts, tracing the origin of sex education to a coordinated response to the spread of venereal diseases. These neglect the circumstances in which sex education developed in the developing world between the 1950s and 1980s: a growing collective anxiety about rising birth rates that culminated in the adoption of population control measures. This paper examines the "glocal" history of population-centered sex education in the developing world in the 1960s and 1970s, through the case study of Singapore. Examining the emergence of the first sex education curriculum in post-independence Singapore between 1966 and 1973, I argue that population-centered sex education that emerged in Singapore was intimately connected with global population politics. Analysis of how the policy was formulated shows that the Singapore state reacted to both domestic and global concerns. In connecting local developments to global contexts, this paper gestures toward the possibilities of studying the global history of population-centered sex education.

Living and working through the challenges of a pandemic offered a unique research opportunity to engage with some core questions about what really matters in Religious Education (RE) in countries across Europe. The "What COVID Reveals to Religious Education Specialists" research project sought to provide a reflective space for RE specialists, drawn from the board members of the European Forum for Teachers of Religious Education (EFTRE), to consider their experiences of RE during the COVID-19 pandemic and to begin to articulate what they might want in the future for RE in light of their experiences. Areas explored in the online qualitative survey included: challenging questions and issues, social unrest, student-teacher relationships, learning scenarios, valued dimensions in RE, opportunities for the future, and 'ideal' RE. Respondents were from sixteen of the twenty-two countries present on the EFTRE Board, offering their individual perspectives from Western, Northern, Central and Southern Europe. Using the tool ATLAS.ti, an inductive analytical approach was employed; a number of key group 'themes' emerged from the responses, which provided a basis for further analysis. This paper will present some of the main findings in dialogue with the focusing research stimulus question: "What does COVID-19 reveal to RE specialists about their subject?" The project is a European collaboration involving researchers from Austria, Germany, Hungary, Ireland and Wales.

Research shows that teacher quality is the most important school-related input correlated with student success. In religious private schools, teachers do not merely influence academic outcomes; they may also play a role in spiritual formation. Religious school administrators report that their faith informs their hiring decisions. However, little research has examined the ways that religious school administrators choose individuals to place in teaching positions. In this study, we use conjoint analysis to experimentally examine the hiring preferences of 170 Christian school administrators. We find that having modest (compared to below-average) academic achievement and qualifications or extensive (compared to limited) experience each increases a teacher candidate's likelihood of being hired by 26 percentage points. Having strong (compared to modest) academics, being a graduate of a Christian (compared to secular) postsecondary institution, or being a graduate of the administrator's K-12 school (compared to a different school) produces smaller effects.

In reality, Organization Citizenship Behavior in an institution is not as expected. However, the contrary occurred at the Integrated Islamic Elementary School in Bekasi Regency that teachers and staff have a spectrum of abilities and the potential to advance the institution. This research identified and analyzed (1) the role of the principal in improving teachers behavior through transformational leadership, and (2) the inhibiting and supporting factors in improving good teachers behavior and attitudes at the Integrated Islamic Elementary School in Bekasi Regency, Indonesia. The research used a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach. The principal, representatives, and teachers were informants to obtain the necessary data. The findings showed that the implemented Organizational Citizenship Behavior embodied sincerity, mutual help, brotherhood, and seriousness. However, it still needed improvement to achieve maximum teachers performance in carrying out the task of educating, guiding, training, and directing the students. One of the obstacles in implementing transformational leadership was that several teachers underestimated this program. This research has an implication that Organizational Citizenship Behavior in an institution can be realized if a leader implements a transformational leadership system.

This research aimed to (1) create a charism model for personnel administration of school under the 'Sisters of Saint Joseph of the Apparition' in Thailand, in order to increase the commitment of personnel to the organization, and (2) demonstrate and improve the charism model. The research process was divided into three steps as follows: (1) developing a charism model, (2) demonstrating the model, and 3) enhancing the model. The findings revealed that the charism model for personnel management consisted of two factors. The first factor (charism) included (1) Agape Love, (2) Humility, (3) Altruism, (4) Vision, (5) Trust, (6) Service, and (7) Empowering. The second factor (personnel management) included (1) Planning, Recruitment and Positioning, (2) Promotion, Absence and Evaluation, (3) Performance, (4) Disciplinary Work and History Registration, (5) Code of Professional Ethics, and (6) Other Tasks Assignment. The researcher also developed a charism-based integrated personnel management manual for Saint Emilie school. The demonstration of the results revealed that lecturers and staff were satisfied with personnel management at the highest level. As the researcher considered each variable, the operational aspect had the highest average score, whereas salary, promotion, taking leave and evaluation had the lowest score. The six dimensions of the charism model for improving personnel administration were adjusted accordingly.

Knowledge of financial literacy, including Islamic financial literacy which has been widely used in various financial products, intersects with several domain areas in mathematical concepts, especially in basic arithmetic which requires students to perform basic calculations before making the right financial decisions. This research aims to develop an instructional design of social arithmetic learning using Math-based Islamic Financial Literacy (MIFL) framework for Islamic schools. We develop a Hypothetical Learning Trajectory (HLT) for fostering students' numeracy and Islamic Financial Literacy (IFL) skills by using MIFL framework that involves various Islamic financial problems as context in mathematics tasks. We chose design research as the method for accomplishing our objective. However, we will discuss about task design and a portion of one of the three major phases of design research, namely pilot experiments. We involved three experts to provide suggestions to improve the tasks and six students from an Islamic junior high school participated in this study. We designed three stages of learning activities. Identifying of math-based Islamic financial information, analyzing math-based Islamic financial context, and applying math-based Islamic financial knowledge and understanding for completing the tasks are the three activities. Results indicate that HLT can indeed assist students in acquiring fundamental arithmetic abilities and advance their IFL. To improve the learning trajectory, we added several sub-sections of activities that bridged the understanding of mathematics and IFL.

Curriculum development is imperative for the overall success of the educational system more so in sustainable development efforts. In the Philippines, the institutionalization of the Madrasah Education Program in public schools provides an opportunity to ensure access to quality and relevant education among Muslim-Filipino learners. The Refined Elementary Madrasah Curriculum serves as the foundation for creating instructional decisions to actualize educational outcomes. However, since the program's inception in 2004, there are various concerns, especially in terms of the elements of the curriculum. There is a dearth of professional literature on the curriculum development practices of Madrasah Education in the Philippines, especially in the planning phase. Thus, the study sought to discuss and explore the naturalistic model as an alternative to planning the Refined Elementary Madrasah Curriculum. This study employed a literature review and used a theoretical synthesis. The analysis revealed that there is a need to democratize curriculum planning initiatives. Furthermore, the implications of the naturalistic model in terms of the platform as anchored to 'Education in Islamic Perspective' as the point of inception in the planning process is unprecedented. The concept of democratization has highlighted the narratives of relevant stakeholders as part of the deliberation to form a holistic consensus. In curriculum design, decision points must be achieved to include deliberate plans for implementation and evaluation. In conclusion, the challenge to ensuring sustainable development in Madrasah Education Program is how to formulate genuine consensus from various stakeholders and create decision points that are relevant to the Philippine context. [Note: The publication year (2022) shown on the PDF is incorrect. The correct publication year for this article is 2023.]

The acceptance of different technologies in different classroom settings has been addressed in the current study. Integrating alignment theory with the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM), this study investigates the predictive differences between the use and adoption of four technologies. The technologies were used in Islamic study classrooms for four months during the spring semester of 2022 among the students of the Palangkaraya state Islamic religious institute in Indonesia. The survey questionnaire was distributed among students at the end of the semester. The results of this study revealed students' behavioral intentions to use all four digital technologies. However, the impact of adopting the classroom response system was larger followed by digital textbooks, mobile virtual reality and classroom chats. These results depict that students prefer the classroom response system and have little preferences for classroom chats while learning Islamic studies. The favorable results for the classroom response system, digital textbooks and mobile virtual reality depict that practitioners should consider the ease of access and affordability of these technologies at all educational levels to enhance students' learning capabilities.

The learning model should be able to improve student's learning abilities. The Brain-Based Whole Learning (BBWL) model is one of the alternative learning models that can improve students' retention achievement, supported by scientific literacy and concept mastery. This study aims to determine the effect of the BBWL model on students' scientific literacy, concept mastery, and retention. This research method was quasi-experimental, with a sample of four classes taken randomly. The total sample was 132 students in grade XI Science Specialization in Madrasah Aliyah Bengkulu who enrolled in Biology. The data were analyzed using the ANOVA test after the assumption test was carried out, namely the normality and data homogeneity test. The results showed an effect of the BBWL model on students' scientific literacy skills, concept mastery, and retention. There is a significant difference between the BBWL model with BBL, WBT, and control. Based on the study results, it can be concluded that the BBWL model can improve students' retention achievement by supporting the result of good scientific literacy and concept mastery.

Islamic boarding schools as educational institutions in Indonesia have contributed to national education in terms of the contribution of knowledge and figures in government. On the other hand, the limitations of pesantren funding sources must be solved by good entrepreneurial management so that pesantren are independent of donors or the government. This research takes place at Tahfidzul Qur'an Salsabila Islamic Boarding School, Tegal, which has implemented entrepreneurship in pesantren management. The results of this study indicate that various kinds of entrepreneurship are carried out, including citrus garden agro-tourism, catfish farming, coffee cafes, ground coffee products, pesantren stalls, and snack products from dages sticks. Second, the existing and implemented entrepreneurial management follows management rules, namely planning, organizing, implementing and monitoring as steps taken so that entrepreneurship can still be carried out correctly. The three entrepreneurial contributions to education costs include paying pesantren asatidz, to pay for electricity for Islamic boarding schools every month, and financing orphans and orphans, as well as being allocated to fund poor students.

This mixed methods study investigated teacher perceptions of the relationship between school leader visibility and teacher trust in that leader in two private Christian elementary and secondary schools of less than 1,000 students in California. A review of current available literature on this topic revealed three key themes: the positive effect a trusted leader has on an organization and school, the positive effect leader visibility has on building trust in leader-follower relationships, and the need for frequency and quality of leader visibility to build trust. In this study, three key themes emerged from an original survey and one-on-one, in-depth teacher interviews, which supported prior study findings and provided further insight. The three themes identified in this study include a strong relationship between leader visibility and teacher trust in that leader, teachers' desire for frequent visibility of their school leader, and teachers' emphasis on the critical role of high-quality visibility in increasing trust in their leader. Christian school leaders should maintain frequent, high-quality visibility in both unscheduled, informal and scheduled, formal interactions to cultivate trust and build relationships with teachers that furthers the success of their educational institution and its stakeholders.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, abnormal conditions potentially lessened community partnerships in school-based management (SBM), such as democratic erosion at the decision-making or policy-making levels at school. To address these issues, this study aimed at investigating the implementation of SBM at an Islamic elementary school in Indonesia. In this study, a mixed-method research design was used, with 510 participants surveyed for quantitative data and 50 participants interviewed for qualitative data. During the pandemic, it was discovered that SBM did not perform as expected. Moreover, school principals had to make a majority of important decisions regarding the organization of school activities. They were also in charge of putting decisions and policies into action. These findings indicate that democratic principles were violated in the implementation of SBM during the pandemic. In other words, the principals and school committee partnership did not run well since the headmaster dominated the policy making on any activities without considering the voice of the school committee. Through these findings, it can be recommended that the government conduct a comprehensive evaluation of the implementation of SBM at the Islamic school level during the pandemic, and bring together principals and school committees in intense joint meetings.

Anxiety is an affective factor that plays an important role in affecting the mastery and achievement of language learning. This study aims to examine the level of oral language anxiety and its relationship with learning outcomes among religious secondary school students in Malaysia. The questionnaire was distributed to 500 form four students from 20 religious secondary schools. Findings show that the levels of oral language anxiety is moderately high level with values (Min = 3.48; SP = 0.64). The significant relationship between student learning outcomes and listening anxiety skills (r = -0.121, p <0.05) and speaking anxiety (r = -0.154, p <0. 05) at a significance level of 0.01. This study suggests that teachers should always be sensitive to the psychological needs of students by always provide motivation, encouragement and using effective teaching methods to overcome the anxiety of learning Arabic.

Islamic education (Madrasah) mostly accepts students with economic backgrounds whose parents are poor. their psychological performance is low as they lack self-confidence, and also lack achievement motivation. In strengthening psychological performance, it can be intervened through students' participation both in student organizations and extracurricular activities in school. This study aimed to determine the development of positive values in students at the educational unit level and the follow-up of its development at the ministerial level. This research used descriptive qualitative approach by observing, interviewing and collecting supporting documents. Research subjects and informants were sampled from the education unit level and the ministry level. Data validity was performed by triangulation sources and methods, while data analysis method employed interactive analysis. The results indicate that the development of positive values in students at the educational unit level includes academic skills development, social-emotional development, leadership development and self-confidence in all areas of extracurricular activities. Follow-up development at the ministerial level is in the form of competitions within the framework of developing these skills. This finding explains the importance of extracurricular activities to improve a positive personality and the character of Islamic secondary school students. With this, every school must try to encourage and design the right steps for students involved in extracurricular activities.

This study explores the commitment of a school faculty to use the pedagogical practices needed to employ a project-based unit of Science, Technology, Religion, Engineering, Arts, and Mathematics (STREAM). The unit of study concentrated on environmental sustainability of butterflies through project-based learning (PBL). Teacher interviews were analyzed to reveal the similarities and differences, strengths and weaknesses in the teachers' reactions to implementing a cross-curricula content unit designed for a pre-kindergarten (PK) to eighth grade school. Analysis of teacher data and classroom artifacts provided evidence of: content mastery at the student levels; implementation of scaffolding for developmental levels; and the need for flexibility in scheduling. As a result of the study, the school leadership gained new perspectives regarding how the faculty understood and implemented STREAM programming. This study contributed to the knowledge base by informing teachers and educational leaders about the level of effectiveness STREAM can have within an K-8 school.