29 results on '"Quesada, B."'
Search Results
2. Multimodel Analysis of Future Land Use and Climate Change Impacts on Ecosystem Functioning
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Krause, A, Haverd, V, Poulter, B, Anthoni, P, Quesada, B, Rammig, A, and Arneth, A
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Meteorology And Climatology - Abstract
Land use and climate changes both affect terrestrial ecosystems. Here, we used three combinations of Shared Socioeconomic Pathways and Representative Concentration Pathways (SSP1xRCP26, SSP3xRCP60, and SSP5xRCP85) as input to three dynamic global vegetation models to assess the impacts and associated uncertainty on several ecosystem functions: terrestrial carbon storage and fluxes, evapotranspiration, surface albedo, and runoff. We also performed sensitivity simulations in which we kept either land use or climate (including atmospheric CO2) constant from year 2015 on to calculate the isolated land use versus climate effects. By the 2080–2099 period, carbon storage increases by up to 87 ± 47 Gt (SSP1xRCP26) compared to present day, with large spatial variance across scenarios and models. Most of the carbon uptake is attributed to drivers beyond future land use and climate change, particularly the lagged effects of historic environmental changes. Future climate change typically increases carbon stocks in vegetation but not soils, while future land use change causes carbon losses, even for net agricultural abandonment (SSP1xRCP26). Evapotranspiration changes are highly variable across scenarios, and models do not agree on the magnitude or even sign of change of the individual effects. A calculated decrease in January and July surface albedo (up to −0.021 ± 0.007 and −0.004 ± 0.004 for SSP5xRCP85) and increase in runoff (+67 ± 6 mm/year) is largely driven by climate change. Overall, our results show that future land use and climate change will both have substantial impacts on ecosystem functioning. However, future changes can often not be fully explained by these two drivers and legacy effects have to be considered.
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- 2019
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3. Mapping the Situation of Educational Technologies in the Spanish University System Using Social Network Analysis and Visualization.
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Vargas-Quesada, B., Zarco, C., and Cordón, O.
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SOCIAL network analysis ,EDUCATIONAL technology ,INFORMATION & communication technologies ,EDUCATIONAL planning ,SOCIAL systems ,VISUALIZATION - Abstract
Educational Technologies (EdTech) are based on the use of Information and Communication Technologies (ICT) to improve the quality of teaching and learning. EdTech is experiencing great development at different educational levels worldwide, especially since the appearance of Covid-19. The recent publication of a study by the ICT Sectorial of CRUE Universidades Españolas, the Spanish University Association, is the first report on the implementation of such technologies within Spain's University System. This paper presents two different maps based on the data from that report. Together, they illustrate the penetration of different types of EdTech in our university system and shed light on the strategic interest behind their adoption. Our goal is to produce self-explanatory maps that can be easily and directly interpreted. The first map reflects wide granularity in terms of the global importance of technologies, while the second points to relevant conclusions given the spatial position of Spain's universities, and the size of the nodes that represent them (directly related with their strategic interests on EdTech), as well as with the local relationships existing among them (identifying similarities on those strategic interests). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2023
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4. Corrigendum to “Design and implementation of an autonomous device with an app to monitor the performance of photovoltaic panels” [Energy Rep. 12 (2024) 2498–2510]
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Ordoñez, A., Urbano, J., Mesa, F., Castañeda, M., Zapata, S., Quesada, B., García, O., and Aristizábal, A.J.
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- 2024
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5. Stem cell research: bibliometric analysis of main research areas through KeyWords Plus
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Cantos‐Mateos, G., Vargas‐Quesada, B., Chinchilla‐Rodríguez, Z., and Zulueta, M.A.
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- 2012
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6. Lagging Response of Belowground Functional Traits to Environmental Cues in a Mature Amazonian Tropical Rainforest
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Valverde Barrantes, O.J., Oblitas, E., Lugli, L.F., Fuchslueger, L., Cordeiro, A.L., Schaap, K., Andersen, K.M., Garcia, S., Grandis, A., Hofhansl, F., Hoosbeek, M., Norby, R., Hartley, I.P., Lapola, D.M., and Quesada, B.
- Abstract
Context/Purpose: The stress-dominance hypothesis (SDH) is a model of community assembly predicting that the relative importance of environmental filtering increases and competition decreases along a gradient of increasing environmental stress. Therefore, trait variation at the community level should increase as resources are more available. Although the SDH was designed to explain spatial changes in plant communities based on aboveground traits, it is possible that root communities show similar switches in strategies at temporal scales in response to pulses in resource availability. Methods: To test this hypothesis we sampled for two years the morphological changes in root systems in a mature tropical forest in Central Amazon. Thirty-six samples along a 500 m transect were taken each three months from February 2016 to February 2018, separating the uppermost organic layer (0-5 cm) from the mineral soil (5-15 cm). Besides root biomass, we scanned approximately 20% of the total root systems to calculate specific root length (SRL), average diameter (D), root tissue density (RTD), and branching index (BI). Spatially, we expected shifts from acquisitive to conservative syndromes as roots penetrate in the mineral soil. Temporarily, we hypothesized that traits associated with resource acquisition (SRL, SRTA, BI) will increase with soil moisture. Moreover, we expected that trait range will increase as resources become more available. Results: We found significant differences in biomass and morphological traits between the organic and mineral soils. We found no patterns between biomass increases in seasonality, but mean community traits change significantly with seasonal rain patterns. More interestingly, changes in mean and range values were more strongly associated with rain events three months before the collecting date, suggesting a lagging between rain events and belowground community responses. Conclusions: Belowground dynamics are structured spatially and temporarily in tropical forests, in synchrony with the availability of resources, as predicted by the SHD. Our results suggest that species tend to show similar traits during stressful times but diverge during acquisition periods. The results suggest a belowground dimension to niche segregation little explored in tropical biomes to date.
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- 2021
7. A new variant of the Pathfinder algorithm to generate large visual science maps in cubic time
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Quirin, A., Cordón, O., Santamaría, J., Vargas-Quesada, B., and Moya-Anegón, F.
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- 2008
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8. Laparoscopic Bile Duct Reexploration for Retained Duct Stones
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Chiappetta Porras, L. T., Nápoli, E. D., Canullán, C. M., Quesada, B. M., Petracchi, J. E., and Oría, A. S.
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- 2008
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9. Heridas por Mordedura / Bites Injuries
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Coturel A, Caamaño Daniela, Rico J, Ramirez Wosnuk, and Quesada B
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Human bites ,Bites ,lcsh:R ,lcsh:Medicine - Abstract
Injuries for animal bites are a common cause of consultation to emergency services. However there are still controversies about some aspects of their treatment. It is not recommended to brush the wound area but to flush the surface with isoosmolar saline. The primary wound closure is justified when improves the cosmetic outcome and has no increase risk of infection. Antibiotic prophylaxis is allways indicated in cats or humans bites. The drug of choice is amoxicillin clavulanate.The tetanus vaccine should be indicated when the patient has not full vaccination scheme and rabies vaccine in cases of suspected or confirmed infected animals.
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- 2015
10. Impact of Bolivian paleolake evaporation on the delta O-18 of the Andean glaciers during the last deglaciation (18.5-11.7 ka) : diatom-inferred delta O-18 values and hydro-isotopic modeling
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Quesada, B., Sylvestre, Florence, Vimeux, Françoise, Black, Jessica, Pailles, C., Sonzogni, C., Alexandre, A., Blard, P. H., Tonetto, A., Mazur, J. C., and Bruneton, H.
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Deglaciation ,Diatoms ,Paleolakes ,Bolivian Altiplano ,Oxygen isotopes ,Andean ice cores ,Ostracods - Abstract
During the last deglaciation, the Bolivian Altiplano (15-23 degrees S, 66-70 degrees W) was occupied by paleolake Tauca covering, at least, similar to 51,000 km(2) at its maximum highstand between 16.5 and 15 ka. Twenty-five hundred years later, after a massive regression, a new transgressive phase, produced paleolake Coipasa, smaller than Tauca and restricted to the southern part of the basin. These paleolakes were overlooked at the west by the Sajama ice cap. The latter provides a continuous record of the oxygen isotopic composition of paleo-precipitation for the last 25 ka. Contemporaneously to the end of paleolake Tauca, around 14.3 ka, the Sajama ice cap recorded a significant increase in ice oxygen isotopic composition (delta O-18(ice)). This paper examines to what extent the disappearance of Lake Tauca contributed to precipitation on the Sajama summit and this specific isotopic variation. The water delta O-18 values of paleolakes Tauca and Coipasa (delta O-18(lake)) were quantitatively reconstructed from 18.5 to 11.7 ka based on diatom isotopic composition (delta O-18(diatoms)) and ostracod isotopic composition (delta O-18(carbonates)) retrieved in lacustrine sediments. At a centennial time scale, a strong trend appears: abrupt decreases of delta O-18(lake) during lake fillings are immediately followed by abrupt increases of delta O-18(lake) during lake level stable phases. The highest variation occurred at similar to 15.8 ka with a delta O-18(lake) decrease of about similar to 10%o, concomitant with the Lake Tauca highstand, followed similar to 400 years later by a 7 parts per thousand increase in delta O-18(lake). A simple hydro-isotopic modeling approach reproduces consistently this rapid "decrease-increase" feature. Moreover, it suggests that this unexpected re-increase in delta O-18(lake) after filling phases can be partly explained by an equilibration of isotopic fluxes during the lake steady-state. Based on isotopic calculations during lake evaporation and a simple water stable isotopes balance between potential moisture sources at Sajama (advection versus lake evaporation), we show that total or partial evaporation (from 5 to 60%) of paleolake Tauca during its major regression phase at 14.3 ka could explain the pronounced isotopic excursion at Sajama ice cap. These results suggest that perturbations of the local hydrological cycle in lacustrine areas may substantially affect the paleoclimatic interpretation of the near-by isotopic signals (e.g. ice core or speleothems).
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- 2015
11. Experimental results and simulation with TRNSYS of a 7.2kWp grid-connected photovoltaic system
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Quesada, B., Sánchez, C., Cañada, J., Royo, R., and Payá, J.
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PHOTOVOLTAIC power systems , *EXPERIMENTS , *SIMULATION methods & models , *CRYSTALS , *TECHNICAL institutes , *PHOTOVOLTAIC power generation , *ALGEBRAIC fields , *SYSTEMS design - Abstract
Abstract: This paper presents a dynamic model and experimental results of a 7.2kWp photovoltaic (PV) installation located at the Polytechnic University of Valencia (Spain). The modelling of the monocrystalline cells has been realised in TRNSYS and has been validated during an extensive experimental campaign from January 2001 to March 2003, using the data of a fully monitored PV field. The simulation results with TRNSYS provide an accurate prediction of the long-term performance. In addition to the dynamic models, algebraic methods such as the constant fill factor have also been applied. In the design of PV systems, there are several important uncertainties which have to be taken into account, such as the reduction of power with respect to the nominal power under Standard Test Conditions (STC), the choice of the meteorological database, and the models for the calculation of the radiation on tilted surface and of the cell temperature. These aspects are analyzed thoroughly in this paper, as well as the problems inherent to the PV power injection into the grid. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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- 2011
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12. A quick MST-based algorithm to obtain Pathfinder networks (infinity, n - 1)
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Quirin A, Cordón O, Guerrero-Bote VP, Vargas-Quesada B, and Moya-Anegón F
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Network scaling algorithms such as the Pathfinder algorithm are used to prune many different kinds of networks, including citation networks, random networks, and social networks. However, this algorithm suffers from run time problems for large networks and online processing due to its O(n[4]) time complexity. In this article, we introduce a new alternative, the MST-Pathfinder algorithm, which will allow us to prune the original network to get its PFNET([infinity], n - 1) in just O(n[2] · log n) time. The underlying idea comes from the fact that the union (superposition) of all the Minimum Spanning Trees extracted from a given network is equivalent to the PFNET resulting from the Pathfinder algorithm parameterized by a specific set of values (r = [infinity] and q = n - 1), those usually considered in many different applications. Although this property is well-known in the literature, it seems that no algorithm based on it has been proposed, up to now, to decrease the high computational cost of the original Pathfinder algorithm. We also present a mathematical proof of the correctness of this new alternative and test its good efficiency in two different case studies: one dedicated to the post-processing of large random graphs, and the other one to a real world case in which medium networks obtained by a cocitation analysis of the scientific domains in different countries are pruned. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2008
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13. Phlebotomine sandflies associated with a focus of cutaneous leishmaniasis in Valle del Cauca, Colombia.
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ALEXANDER, B., USMA, M. C., CADENA, H., QUESADA, B. L., SOLARTE, Y., ROA, W., MONTOYA, J., JARAMILLO, C., and TRAVI, B. L.
- Abstract
. A survey was made of the phlebotomine sandfly fauna of La Guaira, a village with coffee plantations near Cali, Colombia, from which cases of American cutaneous leishmaniasis had been reported due to Leishmania (Viannia) panamensis and Le. ( V.) braziliensis. Among six species of sandfly collected on human bait, Lutzomyia youngi was most important in terms of biting nuisance. Lu. columbiana, Lu. lichyi and Lu. scorzai as well as Lu. youngi adults occurred throughout the year. Sandfly man-biting activity occurred throughout the night and was highest within 2 h of sunset. Despite its abundance in nocturnal samples, Lu. youngi was rarely taken in diurnal resting site collections. In contrast, Lu. lichyi was collected on tree-trunks during the day in large numbers and was the only species biting in daylight. The implications of these and other findings for leishmaniasis control measures in La Guaira are considered. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 1995
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14. Evaluation of deltamethrin-impregnated bednets and curtains against phlebotomine sandflies in Valle del Cauca, Colombia.
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ALEXANDER, B., USMA, M. C., CADENA, H., QUESADA, B. L., SOLARTE, Y., ROA, W., and TRAVI, B. L.
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. The effectiveness of bednets and curtains (nylon mesh 64 per cm
2 ) impregnated with deltamethrin at 26 mg a.i./m2 in reducing the biting nuisance caused by three phlebotomine sandfly species: Lutzomyia columbiana, Lu. lichyi and the predominant Lu. youngi (Diptera: Psychodidae), was evaluated at La Guaira, a rural settlement in Valle de Cauca near Cali, Colombia. Pairs of volunteers collected sandflies under impregnated bednets, in rooms protected by impregnated curtains or in unprotected rooms in a randomized matched design. Collections were made in three houses per night on three consecutive nights, so that each house was sampled under each of the three treatments. This routine was repeated at 2-week intervals for 6 months. There was no significant difference between the overall numbers of sandflies collected in rooms with or without impregnated curtains. Only 0.14 sandflies/man-hour were caught on human bait under impregnated bednets, significantly fewer than the numbers collected on human bait outside the nets in the same room (1.91) or in unprotected rooms (3.29). In a second set of experiments carried out in La Guaira and the neighbouring community of Jiguales, the effect of deltamethrin impregnation was evaluated by comparing numbers of sandflies collected on human bait under treated and untreated nets. Significantly fewer were collected under the impregnated nets (0.25 v. 0.69/man-hour). Wild-caught female Lu. youngi exposed to treated netting for 2 min in the laboratory all died with 24 h. The impact of deltamethrin-impregnated bednets was considered to be useful against Lu. youngi and other potential vectors of leishmaniasis in such communities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 1995
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15. Gastroesophageal Scintigraphy.
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Fernández, F. González, Martin, F. ArgÛelles, de Quesada, B. Rodriguez, Hachero, J. González, Sánchez de Puerta, A. Vails, and Gentles, M.
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- 1987
16. Understanding the uncertainty in global forest carbon turnover
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Pugh, T. A. M., Rademacher, T., Shafer, S. L., Steinkamp, J., Barichivich, J., Beckage, B., Haverd, V., Harper, A., Heinke, J., Nishina, K., Rammig, A., Sato, H., Arneth, Almut, Hantson, S., Hickler, T., Kautz, M., Quesada, B., Smith, B., and Thonicke, K.
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13. Climate action ,15. Life on land - Abstract
The length of time that carbon remains in forest biomass is one of the largest uncertainties in the global carbon cycle, with both recent historical baselines and future responses to environmental change poorly constrained by available observations. In the absence of large-scale observations, models used for global assessments tend to fall back on simplified assumptions of the turnover rates of biomass and soil carbon pools. In this study, the biomass carbon turnover times calculated by an ensemble of contemporary terrestrial biosphere models (TBMs) are analysed to assess their current capability to accurately estimate biomass carbon turnover times in forests and how these times are anticipated to change in the future. Modelled baseline 1985–2014 global average forest biomass turnover times vary from 12.2 to 23.5 years between TBMs. TBM differences in phenological processes, which control allocation to, and turnover rate of, leaves and fine roots, are as important as tree mortality with regard to explaining the variation in total turnover among TBMs. The different governing mechanisms exhibited by each TBM result in a wide range of plausible turnover time projections for the end of the century. Based on these simulations, it is not possible to draw robust conclusions regarding likely future changes in turnover time, and thus biomass change, for different regions. Both spatial and temporal uncertainty in turnover time are strongly linked to model assumptions concerning plant functional type distributions and their controls. Thirteen model-based hypotheses of controls on turnover time are identified, along with recommendations for pragmatic steps to test them using existing and novel observations. Efforts to resolve uncertainty in turnover time, and thus its impacts on the future evolution of biomass carbon stocks across the world's forests, will need to address both mortality and establishment components of forest demography, as well as allocation of carbon to woody versus non-woody biomass growth.
17. Pulmonary calcification in chronic dialysis patients.
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Jarava, C., Marti, V., Gurpegui, M. L., Merello, J. I., Rdez-Quesada, B., and Palma, A.
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- 1993
18. Global trends and scenarios for terrestrial biodiversity and ecosystem services from 1900 to 2050.
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Pereira HM, Martins IS, Rosa IMD, Kim H, Leadley P, Popp A, van Vuuren DP, Hurtt G, Quoss L, Arneth A, Baisero D, Bakkenes M, Chaplin-Kramer R, Chini L, Di Marco M, Ferrier S, Fujimori S, Guerra CA, Harfoot M, Harwood TD, Hasegawa T, Haverd V, Havlík P, Hellweg S, Hilbers JP, Hill SLL, Hirata A, Hoskins AJ, Humpenöder F, Janse JH, Jetz W, Johnson JA, Krause A, Leclère D, Matsui T, Meijer JR, Merow C, Obersteiner M, Ohashi H, De Palma A, Poulter B, Purvis A, Quesada B, Rondinini C, Schipper AM, Settele J, Sharp R, Stehfest E, Strassburg BBN, Takahashi K, Talluto L, Thuiller W, Titeux N, Visconti P, Ware C, Wolf F, and Alkemade R
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- Biodiversity, Climate Change, Extinction, Biological
- Abstract
Based on an extensive model intercomparison, we assessed trends in biodiversity and ecosystem services from historical reconstructions and future scenarios of land-use and climate change. During the 20th century, biodiversity declined globally by 2 to 11%, as estimated by a range of indicators. Provisioning ecosystem services increased several fold, and regulating services decreased moderately. Going forward, policies toward sustainability have the potential to slow biodiversity loss resulting from land-use change and the demand for provisioning services while reducing or reversing declines in regulating services. However, negative impacts on biodiversity due to climate change appear poised to increase, particularly in the higher-emissions scenarios. Our assessment identifies remaining modeling uncertainties but also robustly shows that renewed policy efforts are needed to meet the goals of the Convention on Biological Diversity.
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- 2024
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19. Climate change and air pollution impacts on cultural heritage building materials in Europe and Mexico.
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Esteban-Cantillo OJ, Menendez B, and Quesada B
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Climate and air pollution have adverse effects on cultural heritage building materials. However, the quantified damage due to modeled changes in climate and air pollution is still poorly studied. Here, we review first the damage affecting these materials and the associated damage equations in the literature. Across all relevant studies (n = 87), we found only nine independent equations to estimate different damage categories, mainly limited to limestones. Then, by using current meteorological data and future bias-corrected CMIP6 climate and air pollution data at high resolution (1 km; historical and business-as-usual scenario) and applying these equations, we quantified the relative contributions of climate and air pollution changes on the building materials of eight cultural heritage sites of the European project Sustainable COnservation and REstoration of built cultural heritage (SCORE) from 2020 to 2100. On average across the sites, a significant decrease in damage is projected in surface recession (-10 % ± 10 %), biomass accumulation (-20 % ± 18 %), and wind-rain erosion (-7 % ± 6 %) in response to future climate and air pollution changes, except in the regions where precipitation substantially increases (Northern Europe). A large uncertainty in the relative magnitude of the damage to built cultural heritage materials was found for the same site, changes in surface recession vary up to a 40 % difference across the equations. Moreover, thermal expansion and lifetime multiplier equations project an increase in the related damage while all the other types of damage are significantly reduced. Finally, in general, but not systematically, climate-induced damage was found to be predominant over the pollution-induced one. Our results allow prioritizing cultural heritage maintenance decisions in regions where damage will further increase. Beyond simulated damages which are still limited use, we urge more campaign studies to determine real in situ damage in different climate locations to validate or build the best equations., Competing Interests: Declaration of competing interest The authors declare the following financial interests/personal relationships which may be considered as potential competing interests: Benjamin Quesada reports financial support was provided by European Commission. If there are other authors, they declare that they have no known competing financial interests or personal relationships that could have appeared to influence the work reported in this paper., (Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.)
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- 2024
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20. Expanding spectrum, intrafamilial diversity, and therapeutic challenges from 15 patients with heterozygous CARD11-associated diseases: A single center experience.
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Urdinez L, Erra L, Palma AM, Mercogliano MF, Fernandez JB, Prieto E, Goris V, Bernasconi A, Sanz M, Villa M, Bouso C, Caputi L, Quesada B, Solis D, Aguirre Bruzzo A, Katsicas MM, Galluzzo L, Weyersberg C, Bocian M, Bujan MM, Oleastro M, Almejun MB, and Danielian S
- Subjects
- Humans, Guanylate Cyclase metabolism, Heterozygote, NF-kappa B metabolism, CARD Signaling Adaptor Proteins metabolism, Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes genetics, Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes therapy
- Abstract
CARD11-associated diseases are monogenic inborn errors of immunity involving immunodeficiency, predisposition to malignancy and immune dysregulation such as lymphoproliferation, inflammation, atopic and autoimmune manifestations. Defects in CARD11 can present as mutations that confer a complete or a partial loss of function (LOF) or contrarily, a gain of function (GOF) of the affected gene product. We report clinical characteristics, immunophenotypes and genotypes of 15 patients from our center presenting with CARD11-associated diseases. Index cases are pediatric patients followed in our immunology division who had access to next generation sequencing studies. Variant significance was defined by functional analysis in cultured cells transfected with a wild type and/or with mutated h CARD11 constructs. Cytoplasmic aggregation of CARD11 products was evaluated by immunofluorescence. Nine index patients with 9 unique heterozygous CARD11 variants were identified. At the time of the identification, 7 variants previously unreported required functional validation. Altogether, four variants showed a GOF effect as well a spontaneous aggregation in the cytoplasm, leading to B cell expansion with NF-κB and T cell anergy (BENTA) diagnosis. Additional four variants showing a LOF activity were considered as causative of CARD11-associated atopy with dominant interference of NF-kB signaling (CADINS). The remaining variant exhibited a neutral functional assay excluding its carrier from further analysis. Family segregation studies expanded to 15 individuals the number of patients presenting CARD11-associated disease. A thorough clinical, immunophenotypical, and therapeutic management evaluation was performed on these patients (5 BENTA and 10 CADINS). A remarkable variability of disease expression was clearly noted among BENTA as well as in CADINS patients, even within multiplex families. Identification of novel CARD11 variants required functional studies to validate their pathogenic activity. In our cohort BENTA phenotype exhibited a more severe and expanded clinical spectrum than previously reported, e.g., severe hematological and extra hematological autoimmunity and 3 fatal outcomes. The growing number of patients with dysmorphic facial features strengthen the inclusion of extra-immune characteristics as part of the CADINS spectrum. CARD11-associated diseases represent a challenging group of disorders from the diagnostic and therapeutic standpoint, especially BENTA cases that can undergo a more severe progression than previously described., Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2022 Urdinez, Erra, Palma, Mercogliano, Fernandez, Prieto, Goris, Bernasconi, Sanz, Villa, Bouso, Caputi, Quesada, Solis, Aguirre Bruzzo, Katsicas, Galluzzo, Weyersberg, Bocian, Bujan, Oleastro, Almejun and Danielian.)
- Published
- 2022
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21. Effects of climate warming on carbon fluxes in grasslands- A global meta-analysis.
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Wang N, Quesada B, Xia L, Butterbach-Bahl K, Goodale CL, and Kiese R
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- Carbon chemistry, Carbon metabolism, Climate, Ecosystem, Plants metabolism, Soil chemistry, Time Factors, Carbon Cycle, Climate Change, Grassland
- Abstract
Climate warming will affect terrestrial ecosystems in many ways, and warming-induced changes in terrestrial carbon (C) cycling could accelerate or slow future warming. So far, warming experiments have shown a wide range of C flux responses, across and within biome types. However, past meta-analyses of C flux responses have lacked sufficient sample size to discern relative responses for a given biome type. For instance grasslands contribute greatly to global terrestrial C fluxes, and to date grassland warming experiments provide the opportunity to evaluate concurrent responses of both plant and soil C fluxes. Here, we compiled data from 70 sites (in total 622 observations) to evaluate the response of C fluxes to experimental warming across three grassland types (cold, temperate, and semi-arid), warming methods, and short (≤3 years) and longer-term (>3 years) experiment lengths. Overall, our meta-analysis revealed that experimental warming stimulated C fluxes in grassland ecosystems with regard to both plant production (e.g., net primary productivity (NPP) 15.4%; aboveground NPP (ANPP) by 7.6%, belowground NPP (BNPP) by 11.6%) and soil respiration (Rs) (9.5%). However, the magnitude of C flux stimulation varied significantly across cold, temperate and semi-arid grasslands, in that responses for most C fluxes were larger in cold than temperate or semi-arid ecosystems. In semi-arid and temperate grasslands, ecosystem respiration (Reco) was more sensitive to warming than gross primary productivity (GPP), while the opposite was observed for cold grasslands, where warming produced a net increase in whole-ecosystem C storage. However, the stimulatory effect of warming on ANPP and Rs observed in short-term studies (≤3 years) in both cold and temperate grasslands disappeared in longer-term experiments (>3 years). These results highlight the importance of conducting long-term warming experiments, and in examining responses across a wide range of climate., (© 2019 John Wiley & Sons Ltd.)
- Published
- 2019
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22. Limitation of life support techniques at admission to the intensive care unit: a multicenter prospective cohort study.
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Rubio O, Arnau A, Cano S, Subirà C, Balerdi B, Perea ME, Fernández-Vivas M, Barber M, Llamas N, Altaba S, Prieto A, Gómez V, Martin M, Paz M, Quesada B, Español V, Montejo JC, Gomez JM, Miro G, Xirgú J, Ortega A, Rascado P, Sánchez JM, Marcos A, Tizon A, Monedero P, Zabala E, Murcia C, Torrejon I, Planas K, Añon JM, Hernandez G, Fernandez MD, Guía C, Arauzo V, Perez JM, Catalan R, Gonzalez J, Poyo R, Tomas R, Saralegui I, Mancebo J, Sprung C, and Fernández R
- Abstract
Purpose: To determine the frequency of limitations on life support techniques (LLSTs) on admission to intensive care units (ICU), factors associated, and 30-day survival in patients with LLST on ICU admission., Methods: This prospective observational study included all patients admitted to 39 ICUs in a 45-day period in 2011. We recorded hospitals' characteristics (availability of intermediate care units, usual availability of ICU beds, and financial model) and patients' characteristics (demographics, reason for admission, functional status, risk of death, and LLST on ICU admission (withholding/withdrawing; specific techniques affected)). The primary outcome was 30-day survival for patients with LLST on ICU admission. Statistical analysis included multilevel logistic regression models., Results: We recruited 3042 patients (age 62.5 ± 16.1 years). Most ICUs (94.8%) admitted patients with LLST, but only 238 (7.8% [95% CI 7.0-8.8]) patients had LLST on ICU admission; this group had higher ICU mortality (44.5 vs. 9.4% in patients without LLST; p < 0.001). Multilevel logistic regression showed a contextual effect of the hospital in LLST on ICU admission (median OR = 2.30 [95% CI 1.59-2.96]) and identified the following patient-related variables as independent factors associated with LLST on ICU admission: age, reason for admission, risk of death, and functional status. In patients with LLST on ICU admission, 30-day survival was 38% (95% CI 31.7-44.5). Factors associated with survival were age, reason for admission, risk of death, and number of reasons for LLST on ICU admission., Conclusions: The frequency of ICU admission with LLST is low but probably increasing; nearly one third of these patients survive for ≥ 30 days., Competing Interests: This study was approved by our Institutional Research Ethics Committee de la Fundació UNIO CATALANA HOSPITALS (reference number: CEIC 11/23). It has also approved by the local ethics committees, in accordance with Spanish regulations.All authors read and approved the final manuscript. This study was approved by our Institutional Department of Investigation in accordance with Spanish regulations.The authors declare that they have no competing interests.Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
- Published
- 2018
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23. Identification and visualization of the intellectual structure and the main research lines in nanoscience and nanotechnology at the worldwide level.
- Author
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Muñoz-Écija T, Vargas-Quesada B, and Chinchilla-Rodríguez Z
- Abstract
The aim of this paper is to make manifest the intellectual and cognitive structure of nanoscience and nanotechnology (NST) by means of visualization techniques. To this end, we used data from the Web of Science (WoS), delimiting the data to the category NST during the period of 2000-2013, retrieving a total of 198,275 documents. Through direct author citation of these works, we identified their origins and the seminal papers, and through word co-occurrence extracted from the titles and abstracts, the main lines of research were identified. In view of both structures, we may affirm that NST is a young scientific discipline in constant expansion, needing time to establish its foundations but showing a strongly interdisciplinary character; its development is furthermore dependent upon knowledge from other disciplines, such as physics, chemistry, or material sciences. We believe that this information may be very useful for the NST scientific community, as it reflects a large-scale analysis of the research lines of NST and how research has changed over time in the diverse areas of NST. This study is moreover intended to offer a useful tool for the NST scientific community, revealing at a glance the main research lines and landmark papers. Finally, the methodology used in this study can be replicated in any other field of science to explore its intellectual and cognitive structure.
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- 2017
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24. Bibliometric analysis of regional Latin America's scientific output in Public Health through SCImago Journal & Country Rank.
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Zacca-González G, Chinchilla-Rodríguez Z, Vargas-Quesada B, and de Moya-Anegón F
- Subjects
- Databases, Factual, Humans, Latin America, Bibliometrics, Public Health, Publishing, Research
- Abstract
Background: In the greater framework of the essential functions of Public Health, our focus is on a systematic, objective, external evaluation of Latin American scientific output, to compare its publications in the area of Public Health with those of other major geographic zones. We aim to describe the regional distribution of output in Public Health, and the level of visibility and specialization, for Latin America; it can then be characterized and compared in the international context., Methods: The primary source of information was the Scopus database, using the category "Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health", in the period 1996-2011. Data were obtained through the portal of SCImago Journal and Country Rank. Using a set of qualitative (citation-based), quantitative (document recount) and collaborative (authors from more than one country) indicators, we derived complementary data. The methodology serves as an analytical tool for researchers and scientific policy-makers., Results: The contribution of Latin America to the arsenal of world science lies more or less midway on the international scale in terms of its output and visibility. Revealed as its greatest strengths are the high level of specialization in Public Health and the sustained growth of output. The main limitations identified were a relative decrease in collaboration and low visibility., Conclusions: Collaboration is a key factor behind the development of scientific activity in Latin America. Although this finding can be useful for formulating research policy in Latin American countries, it also underlines the need for further research into patterns of scientific communication in this region, to arrive at more specific recommendations.
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- 2014
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25. Continuing education in ethical decision making using case studies from medical social work.
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McCormick AJ, Stowell-Weiss P, Carson J, Tebo G, Hanson I, and Quesada B
- Subjects
- Advance Directive Adherence ethics, Education, Continuing, Female, Humans, Male, Northwestern United States, Personnel, Hospital education, Personnel, Hospital ethics, Proxy, Trauma Centers ethics, Treatment Refusal ethics, Workforce, Bioethics education, Decision Making ethics, Mental Competency standards, Social Work education, Social Work ethics
- Abstract
Medical social workers have needs for training in ethics that is specific to dilemmas that arise while providing service to patients who are very ill, mentally compromised, or in a terminal condition. A social work department developed a continuing education training to educate social workers in bioethics related to determining decisional capacity and understanding standards of ethical decision making. Case studies are used to illustrate ethical conflicts and the role of social workers in resolving them. The benefits of case study training are discussed.
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- 2014
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26. An attempt to control Phlebotomine sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) by residual spraying with deltamethrin in a Colombian village.
- Author
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Alexander B, Jaramillo C, Usma MC, Quesada BL, Cadena H, Roa W, and Travi BL
- Subjects
- Animals, Colombia, Female, Humans, Insect Bites and Stings, Leishmaniasis parasitology, Male, Nitriles, Insect Control methods, Insecticides, Psychodidae, Pyrethrins
- Abstract
An attempt was made to control phlebotomine sand flies biting indoors in a rural community near Cali, Colombia, using the residual insecticide "K-Othrine" (deltamethrin) sprayed on the inside walls of houses. Twelve houses were divided into matched pairs based on physical characteristics, one house in each pair being left untreated while the inside walls of the other were sprayed with 1% deltamethrin at a concentration of 500 mg a.i./m2. Sand flies were sampled each week using protected human bait and sticky trap collections for four months after spraying. The number of sand flies (Lutzomyia youngi) collected on sticky traps was significantly lower (P = 0.004) in the untreated houses than in the treated ones with which they were matched. This difference was not significant for L. columbiana; the other anthropophilic species were not present in large numbers. The numbers collected on human bait in treated and untreated houses were not significantly different for either species. Activity of the insecticide as determined by contact bioassays remained high throughout the study and failure to control the insects was attributed to two factors: the tendency of sand flies to bite before making contact with the insecticide and the fact that the number of sand flies that entered houses represented a relatively small proportion of the population in the wooded areas surrounding the settlement in the study.
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- 1995
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27. Laboratory evaluation of chlorfluazuron against larval phlebotomine sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae).
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Quesada BL and Montoya-Lerma J
- Subjects
- Animals, Female, Larva drug effects, Male, Psychodidae physiology, Insecticides, Juvenile Hormones pharmacology, Phenylurea Compounds pharmacology, Psychodidae drug effects, Pyridines pharmacology
- Abstract
Laboratory experiments were conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of chlorfluazuron an insect growth-inhibitor against Lutzomyia longipalpis (Lutz & Neiva). Second- and third-instar L. longipalpis were exposed to four different doses (0.65, 0.75, 0.80, and 0.85 mg/ml) of chlorfluazuron added in the larval diet. A direct relationship between dose and larval mortality was observed. Larval mortality was higher in younger larvae. In addition to larval mortality, reduced capacity of the adult females to blood feed, prevention of egg hatching, and morphological abnormalities in adults were noted. A control strategy using chlorfluazuron with other insecticides is suggested to diminish sand fly populations in coffee and cacao plantations.
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- 1994
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28. Gastroesophageal scintigraphy: a useful screening test for GE reflux.
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González Fernández F, Argûelles Martin F, Rodriguez de Quesada B, González Hachero J, Valls Sánchez de Puerta A, and Gentles M
- Subjects
- Child, Child, Preschool, Esophagitis, Peptic pathology, Esophagoscopy, Female, Gastroesophageal Reflux diagnosis, Humans, Infant, Male, Predictive Value of Tests, Radionuclide Imaging, Ultrasonography, Esophagus diagnostic imaging, Gastroesophageal Reflux diagnostic imaging, Stomach diagnostic imaging
- Abstract
Ninety children with signs and symptoms of gastroesophageal (GE) reflux were studied. All of them had GE scintigraphy, barium, and endoscopy, and 50, in addition, ultrasound examination. The sensitivity of the GE scintigraphy, in comparison with the other methods, was 92.5%. It is a useful screening test for GE reflux.
- Published
- 1987
29. Mediastinal uptake of Tc-99m pertechnetate in a thymona.
- Author
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Jimenez-Heffernan A, Pineda-Albornoz A, Maranon-Lopez J, and Rodriguez-Quesada B
- Subjects
- Female, Humans, Middle Aged, Radionuclide Imaging, Mediastinum diagnostic imaging, Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m pharmacokinetics, Thymoma diagnostic imaging, Thymus Neoplasms diagnostic imaging
- Published
- 1989
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