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Aiming at the planning of zero carbon park under the background of double carbon, tins paper takes an industrial park as an example, and analyzes and evaluates the industrial planning situation, energy resources situation and energy plaiming situation of the park based on the concept of “passive priority, active optimization”. Taking the project as the blueprint, integrating the building energy-saving measures and the advanced nature and carbon reduction ability of the integrated smart energy technology, starting from the overall optimization layout of the park, covering the industrial structure, buildings, transportation, energy and other key areas of the park, the comprehensive application of low-carbon technology forms such as building micro-environment, ultra-low energy consumption building system, efficient integrated energy system and renewable energy. Total carbon emissions as the core goal, to achieve the goal zero carbon zone. This study for the project and project time zero carbon building and future zero carbon park planning to provide the reference of the same kind of park.

With the process of urbanization and the ‘the Belt and Road’ initiative, the cross-border energy demand in southwest China has grown rapidly, driving the development of the energy system. The accuracy of load forecasting directly affects the application of energy systems, so it is crucial to conduct research on load forecasting for energy terminals in border and cross-border areas. However, there is a seasonal shift in the diverse energy consumption loads in border and cross-border regions, and currently, research on load forecasting and simulation of typical low-carbon energy consumption scenarios under this feature is basically in a blank state. Based on existing problems, this article conducts research on load modeling methods under the significant ‘seasonal migration’ characteristics of border and cross-border loads, conducts research on characteristic industries in border and cross-border areas, establishes typical low-carbon energy consumption scenarios and simulation models in border and cross-border areas, and uses sensitivity analysis method of dynamic simulation to analyze the impact of different influencing factors on the load of various building types, The Monte Carlo simulation prediction method is used to obtain the sensitivity probability distribution of various influencing characteristic factors, and the typical energy consumption building load model is modified. Finally, by comparing the energy consumption simulation results with statistical results, the accuracy of simulation energy consumption prediction is verified to be higher than 90%.

This study introduces a single-layer patterned graphene metamaterial, composed of a graphene ring (GR), two parallel graphene strips (TPGSs), two vertical graphene strips (TVGSs), and a graphene block (GB), which achieves triple plasmon-induced transparency (TPIT) in the terahertz (THz) frequency range using coupled mode theory (CMT) and the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) technique. Moreover, a synchronized electro-optical switch with four modulation modes is implemented by dynamically adjusting graphene's Fermi level, exhibiting modulation degrees of amplitude (MDA) of 88.3%, 94.7%, 86.9%, and 89.0% at 1.69 THz, 3.14 THz, 3.95 THz, and 4.67 THz, respectively. In addition, the modes excited by TPGSs and TVGSs interconvert due to the proposed structure's symmetry, accounting for the polarization insensitivity of TPIT. The enhanced MDA and polarization insensitivity of the electro-optical switch presented in this study significantly surpass those of comparable electro-optical switches. As a result, the polarization insensitivity of multiple optical switches to incident light fields offers a promising approach for designing optoelectronic devices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

While structural coloration has captured considerable interests across different areas in the past decades, the development of macroscopic objects with tailorable structural colors remains a challenge due to the difficulty of large‐scale fabrication of finely ordered nanostructures and poor processability of their constituent materials. In this work, a type of photonic granular hydrogel is developed as a novel printable ink for constructing customized structural colored objects. The magnetochromatic ink exhibits dynamic properties such as shear thinning and self‐healing, enabling direct writing of macroscopic structural colored patterns by extrusion 3D printing. Further, the modularity of the photonic ink allows additive color mixing, which obviates the need for arduous nano‐synthesis and expands on the color abundance of structural colored materials in a simple yet efficient manner. These characteristics grant novel photonic inks with great applicability to a variety of fields including switchable color displays, sensors, etc. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The creation of synthetic data are important for a range of applications, for example, to anonymise sensitive datasets or to increase the volume of data in a dataset. When the target dataset has missing data, then it is common to just discard incomplete observations, even though this necessarily means some loss of information. However, when the proportion of missing data are large, discarding incomplete observations may not leave enough data to accurately estimate their joint distribution. Thus, there is a need for data synthesis methods capable of using datasets with missing data, to improve accuracy and, in more extreme cases, to make data synthesis possible. To achieve this, we propose a novel generative adversarial network (GAN) called MaWGAN (for masked Wasserstein GAN), which creates synthetic data directly from datasets with missing values. As with existing GAN approaches, the MaWGAN synthetic data generator generates samples from the full joint distribution. We introduce a novel methodology for comparing the generator output with the original data that does not require us to discard incomplete observations, based on a modification of the Wasserstein distance and easily implemented using masks generated from the pattern of missing data in the original dataset. Numerical experiments are used to demonstrate the superior performance of MaWGAN compared to (a) discarding incomplete observations before using a GAN, and (b) imputing missing values (using the GAIN algorithm) before using a GAN. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Wearable devices equipped with soft sensors provide a promising solution for body movement monitoring. Specifically, body movements like elbow flexion can be captured by monitoring the stretched soft sensors’ resistance changes. However, in addition to stretching, the resistance of a soft sensor is also influenced by its aging, which makes the resistance a less stable indicator of the elbow angle. In this paper, we leverage the recent progress in Deep Learning and address the aforementioned issue by formulating the aging-invariant prediction of elbow angles as a domain adaption problem. Specifically, we define the soft sensor data (i.e., resistance values) collected at different aging levels as different domains and adapt a regression neural network among them to learn domain-invariant features. However, unlike the popular pairwise domain adaptation problem that only involves one source and one target domain, ours is more challenging as it has “infinite” target domains due to the non-stop aging. To address this challenge, we novelly propose an output-level domain adaptation approach which builds on the fact that the elbow angles are in a fixed range regardless of aging. Experimental results show that our method enables robust and accurate prediction of elbow angles with aging soft sensors, which significantly outperforms supervised learning ones that fail to generalize to aged sensor data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The integration of conventional clothes with flexible electronics is a promising solution as a future‐generation computing platform. However, the problem of user authentication on this novel platform is still underexplored. This work uses flexible sensors to track human posture and achieves the goal of user authentication. We capture human movement pattern by four stretch sensors around the shoulder and one on the elbow. We introduce the long short‐term memory fully convolutional network (LSTM‐FCN), which directly takes noisy and sparse sensor data as input and verifies its consistency with the user's predefined movement patterns. The method can identify a user by matching movement patterns even if there are large intrapersonal variations. The authentication accuracy of LSTM‐FCN reaches 98.0%, which is 10.7% and 6.5% higher than that of dynamic time warping and dynamic time warping dependent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The patterning of structural colored materials has a significant impact on various applications such as flexible displays, anti‐counterfeiting patches, colorimetric sensors, etc. Herein, a sessile microdroplet‐based writing board is presented to pattern magnetochromatic hydrogels with abundant structural colors and improved optical performance. It is demonstrated that predesigned hydrophilic patterns on a hydrophobic writing board can capture a mixture of polymer and Fe3O4@SiO2 magnetic nanoparticles inks with a spatial resolution of ≈100 pin per 1 cm2 while retaining magnetic field responsibility to the lower limit of 84 Gs. The inks are self‐partitioned into microdroplet arrays, which would in situ transform into structural colored hydrogels within a short time via thiol‐Michael addition. In contrast to conventional evaporation induced assembly of colloidal photonic crystals in sessile droplets, the resulting structural colored hydrogel microarrays show not only good stability and optical adjustability but tunable morphologies. In addition, the introduction of the microfluidic mixing and ink dispensing system greatly shortens the time interval from the polymer mixing to sessile droplet generation, circumvents the challenge of short operation time for the self‐crosslinking ink components, and enables the direct handwriting of high quality structural colored patterns. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Geodesic based Voronoi diagrams play an important role in many applications of computer graphics. Constructing such Voronoi diagrams usually resorts to exact geodesics. However, exact geodesic computation always consumes lots of time and memory, which has become the bottleneck of constructing geodesic based Voronoi diagrams. In this paper, we propose the window-VTP algorithm, which can effectively reduce redundant computation and save memory. As a result, constructing Voronoi diagrams using the proposed window-VTP algorithm runs 3-8 times faster than Liu et al.'s method [], 1.2 times faster than its FWP-MMP variant and more importantly uses 10-70 times less memory than both of them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Computing discrete geodesic distance over triangle meshes is one of the fundamental problems in computational geometry and computer graphics. In this problem, an effective window pruning strategy can significantly affect the actual running time. Due to its importance, we conduct an in-depth study of window pruning operations in this paper, and produce an exhaustive list of scenarios where one window can make another window partially or completely redundant. To identify a maximal number of redundant windows using such pairwise cross checking, we propose a set of procedures to synchronize local window propagation within the same triangle by simultaneously propagating a collection of windows from one triangle edge to its two opposite edges. On the basis of such synchronized window propagation, we design a new geodesic computation algorithm based on a triangle-oriented region growing scheme. Our geodesic algorithm can remove most of the redundant windows at the earliest possible stage, thus significantly reducing computational cost and memory usage at later stages. In addition, by adopting triangles instead of windows as the primitive in propagation management, our algorithm significantly cuts down the data management overhead. As a result, it runs 4—15 times faster than MMP and ICH algorithms, 2-4 times faster than FWP-MMP and FWP-CH algorithms, and also incurs the least memory usage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractRestricted by the limited interaction area of native AR glasses, creating sketches is a challenge in it. Existing solutions attempt to use mobile devices (e.g., tablets) or mid-air hand gestures to expand the interactive spaces and as the 2D/3D sketching input interfaces for AR glasses. Between them, mobile devices allow for accurate sketching but are often heavy to carry. Sketching with bare hands is zero-burden but can be inaccurate due to arm instability. In addition, mid-air sketching can easily lead to social misunderstandings and its prolonged use can cause arm fatigue. In this work, we present WristSketcher, a new AR system based on a flexible sensing wristband that enables users to place multiple virtual plane canvases in the real environment and create 2D dynamic sketches based on them, featuring an almost zero-burden authoring model for accurate and comfortable sketch creation in real-world scenarios. Specifically, we streamlined the interaction space from the mid-air to the surface of a lightweight sensing wristband, and implemented AR sketching and associated interaction commands by developing a gesture recognition method based on the sensing pressure points. We designed a set of interactive gestures consisting of Long Press, Tap and Double Tap based on a heuristic study involving 26 participants. These gestures are correspondingly mapped to various command interactions using a combination of multi-touch and hotspots. Moreover, we endow our WristSketcher with the ability of animation creation, allowing it to create dynamic and expressive sketches. Experimental results demonstrate that our WristSketcher (i) recognizes users’ gesture interactions with a high accuracy of 95.9%; (ii) achieves higher sketching accuracy than Freehand sketching; (iii) achieves high user satisfaction in ease of use, usability and functionality; and (iv) shows innovation potentials in art creation, memory aids, and entertainment applications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In-betweening is a technique for generating transitions given start and target character states. The majority of existing works require multiple (often ≥ 10) frames as input, which are not always available. In addition, they produce results that lack diversity, which may not fulfill artists' requirements. Addressing these gaps, our work deals with a focused yet challenging problem: generating diverse and high-quality transitions given exactly two frames (only the start and target frames). To cope with this challenging scenario, we propose a bi-directional motion generation and stitching scheme which generates forward and backward transitions from the start and target frames with two adversarial autoregressive networks, respectively, and stitches them midway between the start and target frames. In contrast to stitching at the start or target frames, where the ground truth cannot be altered, there is no strict midway ground truth. Thus, our method can capitalize on this flexibility and generate high-quality and diverse transitions simultaneously. Specifically, we employ conditional variational autoencoders (CVAEs) to implement our autoregressive networks and propose a novel stitching loss to stitch the bi-directional generated motions around the midway point.

A single-layer graphene metamaterial consisting of a horizontal graphene strip, four vertical graphene strips, and two graphene rings is proposed to realize tunable multi-plasma-induced transparency (MPIT) by the coupled mode theory and the finite-difference time-domain method. A switch with three modulation modes is realized by dynamically adjusting the Fermi level of graphene. Moreover, the effect of symmetry breaking on MPIT is investigated by controlling the geometric parameters of graphene metamaterials. Triple-PIT, dual-PIT, single-PIT can be transformed into each other. The proposed structure and results provide guidance for applications such as designing photoelectric switches and modulators.

This paper proposes a novel and perfect absorber based on patterned graphene and vanadium dioxide hybrid metamaterial, which can not only achieve wide-band perfect absorption and dual-channel absorption in the terahertz band, but also realize their conversion by adjusting the temperature to control the metallic or insulating phase of VO 2 . Firstly, the absorption spectrum of the proposed structure is analyzed without graphene, where the absorption can reach as high as 100% at one frequency point (f = 5.956 THz) when VO 2 is in the metal phase. What merits attention is that the addition of graphene above the structure enhances the almost 100% absorption from one frequency point (f = 5.956 THz) to a wide frequency band, in which the broadband width records 1.683 THz. Secondly, when VO 2 is the insulating phase, the absorption of the metamaterial structure with graphene outperforms better, and two high absorption peaks are formed, logging 100% and 90.7% at f 3  = 5.545 THz and f 4  = 7.684 THz, respectively. Lastly, the adjustment of the Fermi level of graphene from 0.8 eV to 1.1 eV incurs an obvious blueshift of the absorption spectra, where an asynchronous optical switch can be achieved at fK 1  = 5.782 THz and fK 2  = 6.898 THz. Besides, the absorber exhibits polarization sensitivity at f 3  = 5.545 THz, and polarization insensitivity at f 4  = 7.684 THz with the shift in the polarization angle of incident light from 0° to 90°. Accordingly, this paper gives insights into the new method that increases the high absorption width, as well as the great potential in the multifunctional modulator.

A simple monolayer graphene metamaterial based on silicon/silica substrates is proposed, and typical triple-plasmon-induced transparency (PIT) is realized in the terahertz band. The physical mechanism is analyzed by coupled mode theory (CMT), and the results of CMT agree well with the finite-difference time-domain simulation. A multimode electro-optical switch can be designed by dynamic tuning, and the modulation degrees of its resonant frequencies are 84.0%, 87.3%, 83.0%, 88.1%, and 76.7%. In addition, triple-PIT gradually degenerates into dual-PIT with a decrease in the length of one bright mode. Interestingly, the group index can reach 770 at E f =0.8 e V , which shows that it can be designed as a slow light device with extraordinary ability. Therefore, the results of this paper are of great significance to the research and design of electro-optical switches and slow light devices in the terahertz band.

A terahertz-band metamaterial composed of multilayer patterned graphene is proposed and triple plasmon-induced transparency is excited by coupling three bright modes with one dark mode. The Lorentz curve calculated by the coupled-mode theory agrees well with the finite-difference time-domain results. Dynamic tuning is investigated by changing the Fermi level. Multimode electro-optics switching can be designed and achieved, and the amplitude modulations of four resonance frequencies are 94.3%, 92.8%, 90.7%, and 93%, respectively, which can realize the design of synchronous and asynchronous electro-optics switches. It is hoped that these results can provide theoretical support and guidance for the future design and application of photonic and optoelectronic devices.

This study proposes a graphene metamaterial desensitized to the polarized angle to produce tunable quadruple plasmon-induced transparency (PIT). As a tool employed to explain the PIT, n-order coupled mode theory (CMT) is deduced for the first time and closely agrees with finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) simulations according to the quadruple PIT results in the case of n = 5. Additionally, the response of the proposed structure to the angle of polarized light is investigated. As a result, the Boltzmann function satisfied by the response of graphene strips to the polarization direction of incident light is proposed for the first time. Its property of polarization desensitization can be attributed to structural centrosymmetry, and conjugated variety which the Boltzmann functions result in. Therefore, a quintuple-mode modulation based on simultaneous electro-optical switch is realized by tuning Fermi levels within graphene. Its modulation degrees of amplitude and dephasing times are obtained. Given that the slow-light property is an important application of PIT, the n-order group index is thereby obtained. Hence, not only do the insights gained into polarization-desensitization structure provide new ideas for the design of novel optoelectronic devices, but also the results from the n-order CMT offer new research progress and references in theory.

In this study, multilayer graphene metamaterials comprising graphene blocks and graphene ribbon are proposed to realize dynamic plasmon-induced transparence (PIT). By changing the position between the graphene blocks, PIT phenomenon will occur in different terahertz bands. Furthermore, PIT with a transparent window width of 1 THz has been realized. In addition, the PIT shows redshifts or blueshifts or disappears altogether upon changing the Fermi level of graphene, and hence a frequency selector from 3.91 to 7.84 THz and an electro-optical switch can be realized. Surprisingly, the group index of this structure can be increased to 469. Compared with the complex and fixed structure of previous studies, our proposed structure is simple and can be dynamically adjusted according to demands, which makes it a valuable platform for ideas to inspire the design of novel electro-optic devices.

A mono-layer metamaterial comprising four graphene-strips and one graphene-square-ring is proposed herein to realize triple plasmon-induced transparency (PIT). Theoretical results based on the coupled mode theory (CMT) are in agreement with the simulation results obtained using the finite-difference time-domain (FDTD). An optical switch is investigated based on the characteristics of graphene dynamic modulation, with modulation degrees of the amplitude of 90.1%, 80.1%, 94.5%, and 84.7% corresponding to 1.905 THz, 2.455 THz, 3.131 THz, and 4.923 THz, respectively. Moreover, the proposed metamaterial is insensitive to the change in the angle of polarized light, for which the triple-PIT is equivalent in the cases of both x- and y-polarized light. The optical switch based on the proposed structure is effective not only for the linearly polarized light in different directions but also for left circularly polarized and right circularly polarized light. As such, this work provides insight into the design of optoelectronic devices based on the polarization characteristics of the incident light field on the optical switch and PIT.