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All 835 valid species of caddisflies recorded from Vietnam by the end of 2021 are cataloged. The catalog is annotated with information about reference to original description where the species was described, type locality, depository institution of the type material, habitat where the species has been collected, and distribution. The distribution section covers all countries as well as Vietnamese provinces from where species has been recorded. The catalog is based on records of about 7,600 individuals recorded in literature, of which 69 % of the individuals are males and 31 % are females. With 139 species recorded, the most species rich family in Vietnam is the Hydropsychidae, followed by the Philopotamidae, Leptoceridae and the Hydroptilidae. These four families comprise 50% of the species diversity of caddisflies in Vietnam. By number of species, the smallest families are the Phryganopsychidae and Brachycentridae (two species each) and the Sericostomatidae, Phryganeidae and Limnocentropodidae that are represented by only one species each.

The utility of a universal DNA 'barcode' fragment (658 base pairs of the Cytochrome C Oxidase I [COI] gene) has been established as a useful tool for species identification, and widely criticized as one for understanding the evolutionary history of a group. Large amounts of COI sequence data have been produced that hold promise for rapid species identification, for example, for biosecurity. The fruit fly tribe Dacini holds about a thousand species, of which 80 are pests of economic concern. We generated a COI reference library for 265 species of Dacini containing 5601 sequences that span most of the COI gene using circular consensus sequencing. We compared distance metrics versus monophyly assessments for species identification and although we found a 'soft' barcode gap around 2% pairwise distance, the exceptions to this rule dictate that a monophyly assessment is the only reliable method for species identification. We found that all fragments regularly used for Dacini fruit fly identification >450 base pairs long provide similar resolution. 11.3% of the species in our dataset were non‐monophyletic in a COI tree, which is mostly due to species complexes. We conclude with recommendations for the future generation and use of COI libraries. We revise the generic assignment of Dacus transversus stat. rev. Hardy 1982, and Dacus perpusillus stat. rev. Drew 1971 and we establish Dacus maculipterus White 1998 syn. nov. as a junior synonym of Dacus satanas Liang et al. 1993. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A recent molecular phylogeny of the genus Crematogaster reclassified some members of the former subgenera Paracrema and Physocrema into the C. inflata -group, now comprised of five species: C. ampullaris , C. inflata , C. modiglianii , C. onusta and C. subcircularis. Here, a molecular analysis of the Crematogaster inflata -group and eight other species of the former subgenus Physocrema (C. aurita , C. difformis , C. mucronata , C. physothorax , C. sewardi , C. tanakai , C. vacca and C. yamanei) is conducted using a total of c. 4 kb of sequence data from six nuclear protein-coding genes and two mitochondrial genes. Monophyly of the C. inflata -group is strongly supported. A revised morphological delineation of the subgroups is proposed, supported by the molecular phylogeny: three morphologically distinct subgroups, the C. difformis -subgroup, the C. vacca -subgroup and the C. inflata -subgroup. Molecular dating and biogeographical analyses indicate that the C. inflata -group originated in the Sundaic region around the Middle Miocene 12 Mya and diversified from the Late Miocene to Pliocene. Ancestral state reconstructions indicate that the C. inflata -group diversified from an ancestor with a swollen propodeum and circular-shaped metapleural gland opening. Biogeographical reconstruction indicates that dispersal to peripheral areas and allopatry due to sea-level changes shaped the evolutionary history of the C. inflata -group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Contamination of a genetic sample with DNA from one or more nontarget species is a continuing concern of molecular phylogenetic studies, both Sanger sequencing studies and next-generation sequencing studies. We developed an automated pipeline for identifying and excluding likely cross-contaminated loci based on the detection of bimodal distributions of patristic distances across gene trees. When contamination occurs between samples within a data set, a comparison between a contaminated sample and its contaminant taxon will yield bimodal distributions with one peak close to zero patristic distance. This new method does not rely on a priori knowledge of taxon relatedness nor does it determine the causes(s) of the contamination. Exclusion of putatively contaminated loci from a data set generated for the insect family Cicadidae showed that these sequences were affecting some topological patterns and branch supports, although the effects were sometimes subtle, with some contamination-influenced relationships exhibiting strong bootstrap support. Long tip branches and outlier values for one anchored phylogenomic pipeline statistic (AvgNHomologs) were correlated with the presence of contamination. While the anchored hybrid enrichment markers used here, which target hemipteroid taxa, proved effective in resolving deep and shallow level Cicadidae relationships in aggregate, individual markers contained inadequate phylogenetic signal, in part probably due to short length. The cleaned data set, consisting of 429 loci, from 90 genera representing 44 of 56 current Cicadidae tribes, supported three of the four sampled Cicadidae subfamilies in concatenated-matrix maximum likelihood (ML) and multispecies coalescent-based species tree analyses, with the fourth subfamily weakly supported in the ML trees. No well-supported patterns from previous family-level Sanger sequencing studies of Cicadidae phylogeny were contradicted. One taxon (Aragualna plenalinea) did not fall with its current subfamily in the genetic tree, and this genus and its tribe Aragualnini is reclassified to Tibicininae following morphological re-examination. Only subtle differences were observed in trees after the removal of loci for which divergent base frequencies were detected. Greater success may be achieved by increased taxon sampling and developing a probe set targeting a more recent common ancestor and longer loci. Searches for contamination are an essential step in phylogenomic analyses of all kinds and our pipeline is an effective solution. [Auchenorrhyncha; base-composition bias; Cicadidae; Cicadoidea; Hemiptera; phylogenetic conflict.] [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Vietanna Lee & Pham gen. nov. is described. • Vietanna hanoiensis Pham & Lee sp. nov. is described from Vietnam. • The new genus is placed in Leptopsaltriina of Leptopsaltriini in Cicadinae. • This new genus is morphologically similar to Tanna. • A key to the genera of Leptopsaltriina is provided. Vietanna Lee & Pham, gen. nov. and Vietanna hanoiensis Pham & Lee, sp. nov. are described based on a cicada specimen from Hanoi, Vietnam and placed in the subtribe Leptopsaltriina Moulton, 1923 of the tribe Leptopsaltriini Moulton, 1923 in the subfamily Cicadinae Latreille, 1802 (Hemiptera: Cicadidae). This new genus is morphologically similar to Tanna Distant, 1905 but distinguished from Tanna by the timbal cover exposing the inner part of timbal, the male abdominal epipleurite 3 with a distinct oblique linear fold, the male abdominal sternites without tubercle-like projections, and the aedeagus bifurcate at the apex. A key to the genera of Leptopsaltriina is provided. www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:3B9CBC95-B54A-4BDE-A488-0DEAB69114BD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The cicadas (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) related to tribe Cicadini exhibit some of the most remarkable phenotypes in the family, with many genera possessing striking colour patterns and unusual morphological features. This largely Asian group of 13 tribes has proven challenging for cicada taxonomists, in part because of likely convergent evolution or losses of these phenotypes. We present the first focused molecular phylogeny of this clade, including ~60 described genera. The genetic dataset contains 839 ingroup-informative sites (out of 2575) from mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I, nuclear elongation factor-1 α, and nuclear acetyltransferase. We use Bayesian and maximum likelihood trees to test recent changes in tribe- and subtribe-level classification, and we reconstruct ancestral character states for potentially convergent traits influencing tribe descriptions. We use fossil and molecular clock calibrations to estimate the temporal and geographic context of the radiation. The tribes Gaeanini, Leptopsaltriini, Platypleurini, Psithyristriini, and Tosenini appear polyphyletic and in need of revision, in part because of convergent evolution of opaque wings and multiple convergent gains or losses of abdominal tubercles. Kalabita Moulton, 1923 is transferred from Platypleurini to Leptopsaltriini. Vittagaeana gen. nov. is established for Vittagaeana paviei comb. nov. and Vittagaeana dives comb. nov. , formerly in Tosena. Sinosenini syn. nov. is synonymised with Dundubiina. Ayuthiini trib. nov. is established with two new subtribes for Ayuthia Distant, 1919 and Distantalna Boulard, 2009, formerly in Tosenini. For the earliest split in the tree, one common ancestor appears to have been Indian + Asian in geographic distribution and the other Asian. We estimate that the radiation began in the middle Cenozoic Era, possibly as recently as the early Miocene. The recent and steady pattern of diversification suggests that refinement of tribe diagnoses will prove challenging. http://zoobank.org:urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:5A6C16F4-5269-453B-BA5C-B29C3394683A Asian cicadas have diversified rapidly and steadily, creating a challenging and unstable situation for taxonomists. This first focused molecular systematic study of a large primarily Asian cicada clade containing nearly 20% of world species shows that charismatic and taxonomically relevant phenotypes have evolved repeatedly and convergently while the group diversified in both Asia and India during the middle Cenozoic Era. Several long-established tribes require revision, and we intend for the genetic results to stimulate a broader morphological revision. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

[Display omitted] • Cantata phiaoacensis Lee & Pham gen. nov. & sp. nov. is described from Vietnam. • Cantata is placed in the subtribe Aolina of the tribe Dundubiini (Cicadidae). • Cantata is distinguished from Meimuna by characters in the male pygofer and forewing. • A key to the genera and the species groups of Aolina is provided. A new cicada genus, Cantata Lee & Pham gen. nov. , is erected in the subtribe Aolina Boulard, 2012 , with the designations of Cantata phiaoacensis Lee & Pham sp. nov. as its type species. This new genus is morphologically similar to Meimuna Distant, 1905 but distinguished from Meimuna mainly by the absence of the extended base of uncus, the presence of the basal lobe of male pygofer, the shape of the uncal lobes, and the presence of the fore wing infuscations. Cantata phiaoacensis Lee & Pham sp. nov. is described from Phia Oac – Phia Den National Park, Cao Bang province in northern Vietnam. A distribution map and biological data for Cantata phiaoacensis are provided. A key to the genera and the species groups of Aolina is provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The redbay ambrosia beetle, Xyleborus glabratus Eichhoff, is native to Southeast Asia, where it specializes on Lauraceae trees. It forms a symbiosis with the ambrosia fungus Raffaelea lauricola T.C. Harr. Fraedrich & Aghayeva, which can act as a pathogen in living host trees. The beetle and fungus were recently introduced into the United States, where they have killed millions of native Lauraceae trees and threaten the avocado industry. These introduced populations have limited genetic variation. In the native range, the fungi are genetically variable, but the native genetic variability of the beetles is unknown. It is important to assess the beetle's native genetic variation because different lineages may vary in the capacity to vector this fungus, which may affect disease etiology. Here, we analyzed genetic variation in several Chinese, Taiwanese, and Vietnamese populations of X. glabratus using mitochondrial (COI) and nuclear DNA (CAD) markers. Phylogenetic analysis revealed nine COI haplotypes and four CAD genotypes. Uncorrected 'p' distance for intrapopulation comparisons ranged from 0 to 0.1 and 0 to 0.013 and interpopulation comparisons ranged from 0.137 to 0.168 and 0.015 to 0.032 for COI and CAD, respectively. Two populations exceeded the range of intraspecific nucleotide differences for both genes. Given that individuals from these populations also exhibited consistent morphological differences, they are described as two new species: Xyleborus insidiosus Cognato & Smith, n. sp. and Xyleborus mysticulus Cognato & Smith, n. sp. Xyleborus glabratus was redescribed and a lectotype was designated to facilitate its recognition in light of these new species. These results indicate that X. glabratus is genetically variable and is related to two morphologically similar species. Whether these new species and X. glabratus lineages associate with different fungal strains is unknown. Given that the biology and host colonization of these new species are unknown, preventing their introduction to other regions is prudent. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two planthopper species of the family Nogodinidae are added to the fauna of Vietnam, both from two localities in Thua Thien-Hue Province: Bach Ma National Park and Phong Dien District. The first species belongs to Goniopsarites Meng, Wang & Wang, 2014, G.mientrunganus Constant & Pham, sp. nov. , and the second belongs to Pisacha Distant, 1906, P.yinggensis Meng, Wang & Wang, 2014. Pisachayinggensis was previously recorded from Hainan Island, China. These new records greatly extend the distribution of both genera, which were known from southern China, Hainan and North Vietnam, to the south, reaching the mid area of Central Vietnam. Sexual dimorphism is reported in P.yinggensis for the first time. Illustrations of habitus and male terminalia of the new species are given as well as distribution maps and photographs of live specimens and their habitat. The family Nogodinidae now comprises nine species in Vietnam, with three of them present in Bach Ma National Park., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Jérôme Constant, Thai-Hong Pham, Cuong Viet Canh Le, Trung Thanh Vu, Hoai Thu Thi Nguyen, Hai Nam Tran.)

Two new planthopper species of the tropiduchid genus Connelicita Wang & Bourgoin, 2015, C.bachmaensis Constant & Pham, sp. nov. , and C.phongdienensis Constant & Pham, sp. nov. are described from Bach Ma National Park and from the Centre for Conservation of Vietnam Natural Resources and Rescue of Animals and plants, Phong Dien District in Thua Thien-Hue Province, respectively. These new records greatly extend the distribution of the genus, which was known from southern China (Guangxi) and North Vietnam, to the south, reaching the mid area of Central Vietnam. New records are provided for C.haiphongensis Wang & Zhang, 2015, extending the distribution of the species from Cat Ba Island to a large zone in North Vietnam. Illustrations of habitus, details, and male genitalia are given as well as a distribution map and photographs of the habitat. An identification key to the species of Vietnam is provided. The genus Connelicita now comprises five species., Competing Interests: The authors have declared that no competing interests exist., (Jérôme Constant, Thai-Hong Pham, Cuong Viet Canh Le, Trung Thanh Vu, Hoai Thu Thi Nguyen.)

A list of 10 species from three subfamilies of Tetrigidae from Bạch Mã National Park in the province of Thừa Thiên-Huế, Vietnam is presented here. Eight of which are new for the national park. Among these, two new species are described: Miriatroides luna Tan & Storozhenko, sp. nov. and Rhopalina bachma Tan & Storozhenko, sp. nov. New synonymy is proposed: Systolederus cinereus Brunner von Wattenwyl, 1893 = Systolederus ridleyi Hancock, 1909, syn. nov. Three species are also recorded in Vietnam for the first time: Tegotettix bufocrocodil (Storozhenko & Dawwrueng, 2015) previously known from Thailand and Cambodia, Zhengitettix albitarsus Storozhenko, 2013 so far considered as endemic to Thailand, and Systolederus cinereus widely distributed in Southeast Asia.

Current theory for surface tension-dominant jumps on water, created for small- and medium-sized water strider species and used in bioinspired engineering, predicts that jumping individuals are able to match their downward leg movement speed to their size and morphology such that they maximize the takeoff speed and minimize the takeoff delay without breaking the water surface. Here, we use empirical observations and theoretical modeling to show that large species (heavier than ~80 mg) could theoretically perform the surface-dominated jumps according to the existing model, but they do not conform to its predictions, and switch to using surface-breaking jumps in order to achieve jumping performance sufficient for evading attacks from underwater predators. This illustrates how natural selection for avoiding predators may break the theoretical scaling relationship between prey size and its jumping performance within one physical mechanism, leading to an evolutionary shift to another mechanism that provides protection from attacking predators. Hence, the results are consistent with a general idea: Natural selection for the maintenance of adaptive function of a specific behavior performed within environmental physical constraints leads to size-specific shift to behaviors that use a new physical mechanism that secure the adaptive function.

The new genus Pumatiracia gen. nov. is described to accommodate a new species, P.venosa gen. et sp. nov. from Pu Mat National Park in Vietnam. The new genus is placed in the subtribe Parahiraciina of the Parahiraciini. It is compared with the genera Laohiracia Constant, 2021, Macrodarumoides Che, Zhang et Wang, 2012, Pseudochoutagus Che, Zhang et Wang, 2011, and Rostrolatum Che, Zhang et Wang, 2020 with which it shares possessing an elongate head. Illustrations of habitus, details, and male genitalia are given as well as a distribution map and photographs of the habitat. Laohiraciaacuta Constant, 2021 is recorded for the first time from Vietnam, Pu Luong National Park; living specimens and habitat are illustrated, and the distribution map updated. The Parahiraciini fauna of Vietnam now comprises 14 species belonging to 11 genera., Competing Interests: No conflict of interest was declared., (Jérôme Constant, Thai Hong Pham.)

Eighteen xyleborine ambrosia beetles are described and illustrated: Anisandrus proscissus Smith, Beaver, Pham & Cognato sp. nov. (Vietnam), Anisandrus simplex Smith, Beaver & Cognato sp. nov. (Nepal), Arixyleborus belalongi Smith, Beaver & Cognato sp. nov. (Brunei Darussalam), Beaverium brevicaudatus Smith, Beaver & Cognato sp. nov. (Indonesia), Cnestus luculentus Smith, Beaver & Cognato sp. nov. (India), Cyclorhipidion achlys Smith, Beaver, Pham & Cognato sp. nov. (Vietnam), Cyclorhipidion conidentatus Smith, Beaver & Cognato sp. nov. (Indonesia), Cyclorhipidion gladigerum Smith, Beaver & Cognato sp. nov. (Thailand), Cyclorhipidion lapilliferum Smith, Beaver, Pham & Cognato sp. nov. (Vietnam), Cyclorhipidion nepalense Smith, Beaver & Cognato sp. nov. (Nepal), Cyclorhipidion taedulum Smith, Beaver, Pham & Cognato sp. nov. (Vietnam), Cyclorhipidion titorum Smith, Beaver, Pham & Cognato sp. nov. (Vietnam), Euwallacea alastos Smith, Beaver & Cognato sp. nov. (Japan), Leptoxyleborus regina Smith, Beaver & Cognato sp. nov. (Papua New Guinea), Tricosa hipparion Smith, Beaver & Cognato sp. nov. (Malaysia), Xyleborinus acanthopteron Smith, Beaver & Cognato sp. nov. (Thailand), Xyleborinus dumosus Smith, Beaver, Pham & Cognato sp. nov. (Vietnam), Xyleborinus nobuchii Smith, Beaver & Cognato sp. nov. (Japan). New distribution records are reported for 67 Asian species. Cyclorhipidion nemesis Smith & Cognato, described from U. S. A., is reported from Asia (China), its hypothesized native continent, for the first time. Its identity is confirmed with COI and CAD DNA within a phylogenetic analysis including other Cyclorhipidion species.

Background: On the basis of molecular dating, Pleistocene glaciations have been proposed as the major driving force of biota speciation in the Palearctic and the pre-Quaternary origin of Amazonian taxa. However, the major driving factors in East Asia remain unclear. All 16 saturniine species inhabiting Taiwan with congeners of populations, subspecies, or species in East Asia constitute research objects for addressing the mode of speciation because of the repeated formation and disappearance of a landbridge from the Asian mainland to Taiwan during glacial cycles., Methods: The genetic divergences of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) and 16S rDNA and the nuclear 28S rDNA of the saturniine species from Taiwan and the Asian mainland were assessed to determine the monophyly of each genus and species of Saturniinae. Moreover, 519 saturniine COI sequences of 114 taxa from adjacent East and Southeast Asian populations and closely related species were retrieved from GenBank and analyzed. The differentiation timing and possible origination of the insular saturniines were elucidated based on phylogenetic relationships, haplotype networks, and lineage calibrations., Results: Approximately 90% of intraspecific COI divergence was <2%; all divergences exceeding 2% originated from comparisons between allopatric populations or subspecies. Relationship analyses revealed that multiple introductions likely occurred in insular saturniines and that some East Asian saturniines were paraphyletic as deduced by analyzing endemic insular species. Calibration dating revealed that Taiwanese endemic saturniines split from sibling Asian species 0.2-2.7 million years ago (Mya), whereas subspecific-level and population-level splitting events occurred 0.1-1.7 Mya and 0.2-1.2 Mya, respectively. Moreover, phylogenetic patterns combined with geographical distributions revealed that hill-distributed Taiwanese saturniines are closely related to those from southern China and Southeast Asia, whereas saturniines inhabiting altitudes higher than 1,500 m in Taiwan have siblings distributed in temperate Northeast Asia., Discussion: The Global DNA Barcoding Initiative was successfully applied to study the population genetic structure in species. Most Formosan saturniines are distinct and monophyletic, reflecting the vicariant barrier of the Taiwan Strait; Pleistocene glacial cycles provided opportunities for insular saturniines to experience repeated isolation from and secondary contact with the continental mainland. Each insular saturniine may have evolved with a unique differentiation timing pattern that possibly emerged in the Early, Middle, or Late Pleistocene with these patterns differing from the consistent pattern that occurred in the temperate Palearctic and tropical Amazonian regions. Moreover, multiple migrations or artificial genetic admixtures may have also occurred, as suggested by the coexistence of two divergent lineages in a few Taiwanese saturniines., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no competing interests., (© 2022 Yeh et al.)

Exotic diseases and pests of trees have caused continental-scale disturbances in forest ecosystems and industries, and their invasions are considered largely unpredictable. We tested the concept of preinvasion assessment of not yet invasive organisms, which enables empirical risk assessment of potential invasion and impact. Our example assesses fungi associated with Old World bark and ambrosia beetles and their potential to impact North American trees. We selected 55 Asian and European scolytine beetle species using host use, economic, and regulatory criteria. We isolated 111 of their most consistent fungal associates and tested their effect on four important southeastern American pine and oak species. Our test dataset found no highly virulent pathogens that should be classified as an imminent threat. Twenty-two fungal species were minor pathogens, which may require context-dependent response for their vectors at North American borders, while most of the tested fungi displayed no significant impact. Our results are significant in three ways; they ease the concerns over multiple overseas fungus vectors suspected of heightened potential risk, they provide a basis for the focus on the prevention of introduction and establishment of species that may be of consequence, and they demonstrate that preinvasion assessment, if scaled up, can support practical risk assessment of exotic pathogens.

The species of the genus Cacodaemon of Vietnam are revised. A new species, Cacodaemonvietnamensis sp. nov. , is described and C.laotinuslaotinus (Arrow, 1920) is newly recorded from Vietnam. A previously known species, C.proavus Strohecker, 1964 is redescribed based on an additional female specimen and a key to species of the genus Cacodaemon in Vietnam is provided., (Hiroyuki Yoshitomi, Thai Hong Pham.)

Females of the East Asian velvet-ant genus Andreimyrme Lelej, 1995 are reviewed. The genus definition is extended to accommodate A. borkenti (Williams, 2019), comb. nov. (from Smicromyrme Thomson, 1870), and nine new species: A. auricoma Okayasu, sp. nov. (Malaysia), A. laminatihumeralis Okayasu, sp. nov. (Indonesia, Malaysia), A. matsumotoi Okayasu, sp. nov. (Vietnam), A. naturalis Williams, sp. nov. (Indonesia), A. rong Williams, sp. nov. (Thailand, Vietnam), A. silvorientalis Okayasu, sp. nov. (Indonesia), A. takensis Okayasu, sp. nov. (Thailand), A. ursasolaris Williams, sp. nov. (Indonesia), and A. yotoi Okayasu, sp. nov. (Laos, Vietnam). Diagnoses, distributional records, and illustrations are provided for these and four previously recognized species, A. neaera (Mickel, 1935), A. paniya Terine, Lelej Girish Kumar, 2021, A. sarawakensis Lelej, 1996, and A. substriolata (Chen, 1957). Andreimyrme borkenti is newly recorded from Vietnam. A key to species known from females is provided. Habitat preference of this genus is discussed based on collecting records.

Worldwide pollinator declines have dramatically increased our need to survey and monitor pollinator distributions and abundances. The giant honey bee, Apis laboriosa , is one of the important pollinators at higher altitudes of the Himalayas. This species has a restricted distribution along the Himalayas and neighbouring mountain ranges of Asia. Previous assessments of its distribution, published more than 20 years ago, were based on museum specimens. Since then, 244 additional localities have been revealed through field trips by the authors, publications, and websites. We present a revised distribution for A. laboriosa that better defines its range and extends it eastward to the mountains of northern Vietnam, southward along the Arakan Mountains to west-central Myanmar, into the Shillong Hills of Meghalaya, India, and northwestward in Uttarakhand, India. This species is generally found at elevations between 1000-3000 m a.s.l.. In northeastern India A. laboriosa colonies occur during summer at sites as low as 850 m a.s.l. and some lower elevation colonies maintain their nests throughout the winter. Finally, we report three regions in Arunachal Pradesh, India, and nine locations in northern Vietnam, where we observed workers of A. laboriosa and A. dorsata foraging sympatrically; their co-occurrence supports the species status of Apis laboriosa .

The following six new Oecetis species have been described and illustrated: O. lata, O. gretae, O. malickyi, O. porntipae, O. olahi, and O. hageni. The following three Oecetis species are recorded for the first time from Vietnam: O. maron Malicky Chantaramongkol 2005 (in Malicky 2005), O. iakchos Malicky 2005, and O. jachin Malicky Mey 2010 (in Malicky 2010a). We present new records of the following six Oecetis species that are previously known from Vietnam: O. raghava Schmid 1995, O. biramosa Martynov 1936, O. tripunctata (Fabricius 1793), O. meleagros Malicky Thani 2005, O. asmada Malicky 1979, and O. empusa Malicky Chaibu 2000. A map presents the distribution of the Oecetis species included in this report.

The first record of the genus Sinotympana Lee, 2009 from Vietnam is presented. Sinotympana caobangensis sp. nov. (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) from Phia Oac-Phia Den National Park, Cao Bang Province, northern Vietnam is described as new. Photographs of an adult male, illustrations of the male genitalia, a distribution map and biological data for Sinotympana caobangensis sp. nov. are provided.

A new species of cicada, Orientopsaltria dongnaiensis sp. nov., (Hemiptera: Cicadidae) is described from southern Vietnam. Photos of the adult, illustrations of the male genitalia, a distribution map and biological data are provided.