15 results on '"Pesciaroli, Chiara"'
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2. Effect of semi-permeable cover system on the bacterial diversity during sewage sludge composting
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Robledo-Mahón, Tatiana, Aranda, Elisabet, Pesciaroli, Chiara, Rodríguez-Calvo, Alfonso, Silva-Castro, Gloria Andrea, González-López, Jesús, and Calvo, Concepción
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- 2018
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3. Relationship between phylogenetic and nutritional diversity in Arctic (Kandalaksha Bay) seawater planktonic bacteria
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Pesciaroli, Chiara, Barghini, Paolo, Cerfolli, Fulvio, Bellisario, Bruno, and Fenice, Massimiliano
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- 2015
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4. Bacterial community structure of a coastal area in Kandalaksha Bay, White Sea, Russia: possible relation to tidal hydrodynamics
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Pesciaroli, Chiara, Rodelas, Belén, Juarez-Jiménez, Belén, Barghini, Paolo, and Fenice, Massimiliano
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- 2015
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5. Temperature preferences of bacteria isolated from seawater collected in Kandalaksha Bay, White Sea, Russia
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Pesciaroli, Chiara, Cupini, Francesco, Selbmann, Laura, Barghini, Paolo, and Fenice, Massimiliano
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- 2012
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6. Metabolic characterization of a strain (BM90) of Delftia tsuruhatensis showing highly diversified capacity to degrade low molecular weight phenols
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Juárez-Jiménez, Belén, Manzanera, Maximino, Rodelas, Belén, Martínez-Toledo, Maria Victoria, Gonzalez-López, Jesus, Crognale, Silvia, Pesciaroli, Chiara, and Fenice, Massimiliano
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- 2010
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7. Clinical assessment on the efficacy of a combined treatment targeting subjects with acne-prone skin.
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Carlomagno, Federica, Pesciaroli, Chiara, Cestone, Enza, De Ponti, Ileana, Michelotti, Angela, and Tursi, Francesco
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DIETARY supplements , *TREATMENT effectiveness , *SYMPTOMS , *GUT microbiome , *SKIN diseases , *ROSACEA - Abstract
Background: Acne is a multifactorial inflammatory skin disease affecting the quality of life of acne prone subjects. Several therapeutic approaches are currently used to counteract this condition, mostly having side effects. As acne development has been recently linked to skin and gut dysbiosis, acting on both aspects could represent an alternative and promising approach to ameliorate the acne clinical signs. Material and Methods: A cosmetic product, containing Ectoin, and a food supplement, containing probiotics, were formulated as a combined treatment to target both gut and skin microbiota and evaluated for the improvement of skin appearance on acne prone adult subjects. Eighty male and female subjects, showing acne clinical signs, were assigned to 4 groups to receive the following products: the cosmetic product containing Ectoin + a placebo food supplement, the combined treatment, a cosmetic reference product, specifically formulated for counteracting acne, + a placebo food supplement, the cosmetic reference product + the food supplement with probiotics. Acne lesions, skin sebum content, pH and moisturization were monitored. Results: Clinical evaluations of active acne lesions and comedones, skin complexion evenness and skin inflammatory status were carried out. The combined treatment resulted as effective as the cosmetic reference product in ameliorating the instrumental parameters, and more effective in the dermatological assessment of skin complexion evenness and inflammatory status. Conclusion: The combined treatment proposed, formulated to target both gut and skin microbiota, resulted effective in ameliorating acne clinical signs and could represent a valid alternative to conventional acne management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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8. Metagenetic profiling of the bacterial communities of an intertidal pool in Kandalaksha Bay (White Sea, Russia)
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Gorrasi Susanna, Pesciaroli Chiara, Barghini Paolo, Pasqualetti Marcella, Giovannini Valeria, and Fenice Massimiliano
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Kandalaksha Bay, intertidal zone, biodiversity, bacterial communities, 454 pyrosequencing - Abstract
GORRASI, S., PESCIAROLI, C., BARGHINI, P., PASQUALETTI, M., GIOVANNINI, V., ANDFENICE, M.2019.Metagenetic profiling of the bacterial communities of an intertidal pool in Kandalaksha Bay (White Sea, Russia).J environ prot ecol. 20(3). 1317-1324. PDF:https://docs.google.com/a/jepe-journal.info/viewer?a=v&pid=sites&srcid=amVwZS1qb3VybmFsLmluZm98amVwZS1qb3VybmFsfGd4OjIxNmIxN2VjOTU0OWFlNzQ
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- 2019
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9. Structure and diversity of the bacterial community of an Arctic estuarine system (Kandalaksha Bay) subject to intense tidal currents
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Gorrasi Susanna, Pesciaroli Chiara, Barghini Paolo, Pasqualetti Marcella, and Fenice Massimiliano
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Kandalaksha Bay ,454 pyrosequencing ,Biodiversity ,Arctic estuarine system ,Bacterial communities - Abstract
Gorrasi Susanna, Pesciaroli Chiara, Barghini Paolo, Pasqualetti Marcella, Fenice Massimiliano (2019):Structure and diversity of the bacterial community of an Arctic estuarine system (Kandalaksha Bay) subject to intense tidal currents. JOURNAL OF MARINE SYSTEMS,196: 77-85, ISSN: 0924-7963, doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmarsys.2019.04.004
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- 2019
10. Bacterial Diversity in Calcium Carbonate Paleo Accretions (Tosca) in the Southern Pampas, Argentina.
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Pesciaroli, Chiara, Purswani, Jessica, Mestelan, Silvia, Lett, Lina, Portela, Gabriela, Medici, Sandra, Morillo, Jose Antonio, Pozo, Clementina, González-López, Jesús, and Rivadeneyra, María Angustias
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BACTERIAL diversity , *CALCITE , *CALCIUM carbonate , *BACTERIAL leaching , *MUSCOVITE , *CALCIUM ions , *SOIL testing - Abstract
Paleosoil accretions of carbonates in the Tandilia system (Southern Pampas, Argentina) dated to the lower/middle Pleistocene age are locally referred to as tosca. The characterization of this indurated layer of carbonates were analyzed via a biophysicochemical approach, including, physicochemical analysis of soils, mineral x-ray diffraction of the tosca, and microbial diversity of modern soils and tosca layers. The minerals found within tosca were calcite, albite, muscovite, quartz, orthoclase and dolomite in order of most to least abundant. The microbial metataxonomics of tosca was described for the first time. The most abundant microorganisms in tosca were g_Geobacter, g_Pseudonocardia and p_Gemmatimonadetes2 and redundancy analysis of physicochemical parameters and relative microbial abundances revealed positive correlations between Nitrospirae and calcium ions, while mineral and microbial correlations associated Gemmatimonadetes and Firmicutes with calcite and dolomite presence. Magnetospirillum, Geobacter and Bacillus were present in the tosca and the soil above, indicating possible prenucleation sites for calcite and dolomite. Core microorganism abundance was >80% throughout horizons including tosca, hence either microbial entrapment via calcium carbonate precipitation or microbial leaching occurred within this layer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2021
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11. Pollutants degradation performance and microbial community structure of aerobic granular sludge systems using inoculums adapted at mild and low temperature.
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Muñoz-Palazon, Barbara, Pesciaroli, Chiara, Rodriguez-Sanchez, Alejandro, Gonzalez-Lopez, Jesús, and Gonzalez-Martinez, Alejandro
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SEWAGE sludge , *POLLUTANTS , *MICROBIAL communities , *GRANULAR flow , *LOW temperatures - Abstract
Three aerobic granular sequencing batch reactors were inoculated using different inocula from Finland, Spain and a mix of both in order to investigate the effect over the degradation performance and the microbial community structure. The Finnish inoculum achieved a faster granulation and a higher depollution performance within the first two month of operation. However, after 90 days of operation, similar physico-chemical values were observed. On the other hand, the Real-time PCR showed that Archaea diminished from inoculum to granular biomass, while Bacteria and Fungi numbers remained stable. All granular biomass massive parallel sequencing studies were similar regardless of the inocula from which they formed, as confirmed by singular value decomposition principal coordinates analysis, expected effect size of OTUs, and β-diversity analyses. Thermoproteaceae , Meganema and a Trischosporonaceae members were the dominant phylotypes for the three domains studied. The analysis of oligotype distribution demonstrated that a fungal oligotype was ubiquitous. The dominant OTUs of Bacteria were correlated with bioreactors performance. The results obtained determined that the microbial community structure of aerobic granular sludge was similar regardless of their inocula, showing that the granulation of biomass is related to several phylotypes. This will be of future importance for the implementation of aerobic granular sludge to full-scale systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2018
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12. Caratterizzazione di comunita’ batteriche da campioni di acqua marina: il caso di Kandalaksha Bay, Russia
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Pesciaroli, Chiara, Fenice, Massimiliano, and Juárez-Jiménez, Belén
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Kandalaksha Bay ,Phylogenetic analysis ,Sistema BIOLOG ,PCR-TGGE ,Enzimi extracellulari ,BIO/19 ,Extracellular enzymes ,Comunità batteriche ,Interdital zone ,Zona interditale ,Analisi filogenetica ,Bacterial communities ,BIOLOG system - Abstract
In this work we studied the bacterial community obtained from water samples collected in Kandalaksha Bay (White Sea), Russia in order to obtain information both at the ecological level and for possible future application in biotechnology. The study has been carried out both on cultivable strains, isolated by traditional methods, and on the total bacterial (Eubacteria) community by molecular methods. The isolates were preliminary investigated in order to understand their temperature preferences then their metabolic competences, including the production of extracellular enzyme activities, were tested for possible further biotechnological applications. Furthermore, a detailed taxonomical study was carried out both on cultivable and total bacterial population Strain isolation and preliminary tests Sea water was sampled in various areas of Kandalaksha Bay. The majority of samples were collected, at minimum tide level using sterile containers, in an intertidal zone pool and from the adjacent water surface. Others, from different offshore locations and depths (0.5, 2.5, 15, 70 m), were taken by scuba divers or boats using Niskin bottles. Water was filtered on membranes in order to obtain both bacteria pure cultures and DNA for molecular to studies. Pure cultures of isolates (ca. 500) were obtained by plate streak method. To discharge evident replicates of same isolates, preliminary tests were carried out considering strain morphological characteristics (shape, color and dimensions), Gram reaction and simple biochemical tests (catalase and oxidase production). This preliminary selection permitted to remove the majority of replicates and to keep 52 isolates. Taxonomical identification of isolates by 16S rDNA 2 Bacterial genomic DNA was extracted from pure cultures and used for amplification of 16S rDNA, to allows taxonomical identification of each isolate. Only 20 strains out of 52 (ca. 38%), showing high identity (99-100%) with a single known microorganism, were identified at species level. All other isolates were identified at the genus level only: for most of them, affiliation was not possible because 98-99% of identity was recorded with various species of the same genus. Moreover 3 strains showed a very low percentage of identity (96-97%). The majority of sequences were phylogenetically related to the genera Pseudomonas and Serratia that are well worldwide distributed. However, only a typical bacteria of cold marine environment Shewanella baltica (KB30) have been revealed. When Blastn analyses supplied uncertain identification, sequences were aligned with highly similar 16S in the Genbank and phylogenetic analysis was performed. To get a confident branch-length, three different trees, Pseudomonas, Serratia and a group containing all the other genera, were inferred. Basing on the results some of the strains were identified with certainty at species level while some others, due to the branch length or the external position, probably belonged to new species. For all other strains identification was possible at genus level only. In many cases this could be due to the scarce informative power of the gene target used to discern the relations below the genus level. Temperature growth profiles The optimal temperatures for growth of the various strains were tested in the range 0-45°C on PCA plates (steps of 5 °C). Most of the strains (42% ca.) showed the optimum at 30°C. The lowest optimum was recorded at 15°C for one strain only (KB75), while the highest was at 40°C (KB22 and KB49). Most of the strains (56%) were able to growth at 0°C while only 25% grew at 45°C.In addition, the majority were able to grow in a rather broad range of temperature. The majority of the isolates (42%) seems to be psychrotrophics while no psychrophiles were detected. Almost all the strains could be considered as eurythermics, 3 indicating adaptation to frequent and wide temperature variations such as those of Kandalaksha Bay. Moreover, it was evident that many KB strains had wider ranges of growth if compared with same species described in literature; optima were also different. Extracellular enzyme activity The strains where submitted to plate screening for the production of various extracellular enzyme activities (amylase, cellulase, chitinase, pectinase, phosphatase, protease, urease, lipases), at their optimal temperature, in order to obtain metabolic information and to find new microorganisms for possible applications. Lipases, phosphatase and protease were common (ca. 54% and 44% of the isolates, respectively). Pectinase and amylase were present in about 32 % of the strains, while chitinase and urease were detected in a limited number of isolates (17% both); cellulase was not detected. Organisms producing large halos of activity were considered as possible high producers and could be further investigated for biotechnological application. However, none of the isolates produced all the tested activities and a rather large number of strains (17%) produced no activity at all. The results of the screening could be useful also at ecological level. In fact, the isolates producing a limited number of enzymes could be considered as specialized, while those with more diversified enzymatic competence, showing a higher eco-nutritional versatility, are probably advantaged in the harsh White Sea environment. Metabolic competences by BIOLOG system The BIOLOG system was used to test the metabolic competences of the strains by their ability to use different compounds as carbon sources. The system is able to detect the oxidation of 95 compounds (including sugars, fatty, organic amino and acids), used by microorganisms as sole carbon sources.In our case, amino acids were generally the preferred compounds: the most utilized carbon sources were L-Glutamic Acid and L-asparagine (96% of strains). Also use of sugars was, as expected, rather common, being α-D-Glucose oxidized by ca. 92%of strains. The information obtained by BIOLOG could be considered as an index 4 regarding the strain metabolic complexity. A small number of strain apparently showed a rather simple metabolism being using a limited number of carbon sources and only few showed a very diversified metabolic competence. However, the majority of the bacteria tested used about 30-50 compounds showing medium-high competence. In general, the strains able to use a wide array of carbon sources were also able to produce diversified extracellular enzyme patterns confirming their high eco-nutritional versatility. Study on the total bacterial (Eubacteria) community In order to have a complete overview of the bacterial community structure, by a cultivation-independent approach, total DNA was extracted from the filter-membranes. The bacteria biodiversity was studied by PCR-TGGE fingerprinting of partial 16S-rRNA gene amplicons. TGGE band patterns were normalized, compared and clustered. showed The community structure was revealed by the cluster analysis of the fingerprints. Samples collected both from the intertidal zone and the nearby sea surface, grouped together (80% similarity). Samples from open sea clearly clustered away. This was particularly evident for the sample collected at -70 m, which branched away at only 40% similarity. TGGE gel images allow the analysis of band patterns generated from the environmental samples representing the various species present in the community. A single species is identified by a single band and the relative abundance of a single species is determined by the band intensity. Among the KB samples, a total of 70 different banding positions (band classes) were detected. The average number of bands per sample was 26 with a maximum of 30 in the samples from open sea. Simpson's Diversity Index calculated for all the samples showed very high level of diversity. Based on the total number of bands in each TGGE pattern and the relative temperature gradient, range-weighted richness indexes (Rr) were calculated and indicated a very high community biodiversity. Relative bands intensities were also calculated and expressed as percentages of the total band intensity in each TGGE lane. To render a graphic representation of the bacterial communities evenness, Pareto-Lorenz distribution curves were drawn based on the intensities. 5 The functional community redundancy (response to perturbing environmental conditions) is evaluated by the Functional organization index (Fo) considering curves slope. Results showed a balanced community with medium Fo and a medium evenness. In other words, due to the elevated concentration of some species and the availability of many others, the community can potentially deal with environmental conditions changes thus preserving its functionality. Prominent TGGE bands were excised from the gel, re-amplified and sequenced, to obtain the identities of the community predominant populations. Sequences phylogenetic analysis, showed a great presence of α-proteobacteria (16 sequences out of 27) with some γ-proteobacteria and some actinobacteria too. Some cyanobacteria were revealed also. Among α -proteobacteria strains can be affiliated mainly to the genus Roseobacter and one sequence was related to Ruegeria. All γ-proteobacteria showed highly similarity with the species of Cobetia marina, while all the cyanobacteria were unknown. Taxonomic results obtained by the total community study were quite different from those gained by the pure cultures: the pure culture strains were completely different (genera and species) from those by 16S rDNA analysis. This could be explained by the limits of TGGE technique. In fact, due to the bias introduced by the PCR reaction, this methodology can only detect bacteria representing at least 1% of the total community. It is possible that some species, even if present in a very low percentage, had prevailed due to favorable culture conditions of the isolation procedures. However, it is known that a large number of marine bacteria are uncultivable. Another important information was that some bands showed very low sequence identity if compared with sequences present in the database, suggesting the possible presence of unknown bacteria. Study on Pseudomonas species present in the community In the TGGE gel relative to the total bacterial community, no Pseudomonas species were revealed. By contrast, the majority (ca. 45%) of the cultivable KB strains were affiliated to 6 this genus. In order to find possible explications to this apparent incongruity, further TGGE analyses have been carried out focusing on Pseudomonas. Thus, total DNA was used for PCR-TGGE fingerprinting of partial 16S-rRNA gene amplicons using specific primers for the amplification of this Genus and different temperature gradients. Again, prominent TGGE bands, excised from the gel, were re-amplified and sequenced. The phylogenetic analysis showed that only 6 sequences out of 22 can be affiliated to Pseudomonas. Although the primers used were specific for this genus, possible amplification of other similar 16S rDNA (in particular γ-proteobacteria) could occur. In fact, a big cluster, comprising the majority of the sequences, showed very low similarity with Pseudomonas but high similarity with clones of marine invertebrates symbiotic γ-proteobacteria. It is possible that some new genera and/or species were present in our samples. TGGE patterns were normalized, compared and clustered as reported for the total bacteria community. Cluster analysis of the fingerprints was similar to that obtained for total community. However, in this case sample collected at -70 m, was even more clearly separated from all the others samples: similarity was only 20%. Analysis of bands number allowed to detect a total of 26 different banding positions All the statistical indexes, discussed for total bacteria and related to community diversity and organization, in this case are meaningless because they would refer only to a limited portion of the entire population. To the best of our knowledge, this work represents the first and extensive study carried out on Kandalaksha Bay bacterial community. In questo lavoro di tesi è stata studiata la comunità batterica di campioni di acqua marina prelevati nella Baia di Kandalaksha (Mar Bianco), Russia. Lo studio è stato condotto con lo scopo di ottenere informazioni a livello ecologico ma anche per possibili applicazioni biotecnologiche. Per queste ragioni sono stati analizzati sia i ceppi isolati con metodi di microbiologia tradizionale sia la comunità batterica totale con metodi di biologia molecolare. Sui ceppi isolati sono stati condotti studi sulle preferenze di temperatura per la crescita e sulle competenze metaboliche, quali produzioni di enzimi extracellulari, per possibili applicazioni. Inoltre una dettagliata analisi tassonomica è stata condotta sia sui ceppi coltivabili che sulla comunità totale. Isolamento dei campioni e test preliminari I campioni di acqua marina sono stati prelevati in varie zone diella Baia di Kandalaksha. La maggior parte di essi sono stati ottenuti da una pozza di acqua formatasi dal ritirarsi delle acque nella zona intertidale e dalla superficie del mare ad essa adiacente. Altri campioni, da differenti punti a largo sono stati prelevati con bottiglie Niskin a varie profondità (0.5, 2.5, 15, 70 m). L’acqua è stata poi filtrate e i filtri sono stati utilizzati per l’isolamento di colture pure e per studi di biologia molecolare. Gli isolati ottenuti in coltura pura per strisciamento (ca. 500) sono stati sottoposti a scrematura. Per scartare eventuali doppi ceppi sono state osservati forma, colore e aspetto delle colonie e vari test, tra cui colorazione di Gram e test per catalasi e ossidasi, sono stati effettuati. Questa selezione ha permesso di ottenere 52 ceppi finali che sono stati mantenuti per i successivi studi. 2 Identificazione tassonomica dei ceppi tramite il gene del 16S rRNA Il DNA genomico delle colture pure è stato estratto ed utilizzato per l’ amplificazione del gene del 16S rRNA in modo da permettere l’identificazione tassonomica dei ceppi. Solo 20 ceppi su 52 (ca. 38%) sono stati identificati a livello di specie: infatti mostravano un’alta percentuale di identità con un solo microrganismo. Tutti gli altri ceppi avevano un’identità di circa 98-99% con varie specie dello stesso genere, per questo sono stati identificati solo a livello di genere. Infine 3 ceppi avevano identità molto basse (96-97%). La maggior parte delle sequenze sono state identificate come ceppi dei generi Pseudomonas and Serratia, generi piuttosto ubiquitari, mentre è stato trovato un solo ceppo tipicamente marino Shewanella baltica (KB30). Per i ceppi per cui l’analisi in banca dati non ha permesso un’identificazione certa, è stata effettuata un’analisi filogenetica basata sull’allineamento delle sequenze del 16S con le sequenze più simili presenti in banca dati. Per ottenere una migliore risoluzione sono stati costruiti differenti alberi filogenetici per i generi Pseudomonas e Serratia ed uno per tutti gli altri generi. Sulla base dei risultati alcuni ceppi sono stati identificati a livello di specie mentre altri potrebbero appartenere a nuove specie. Comunque per molti ceppi l’identificazione è stata possibile solo a livello di genere probabilmente a causa di una scarso livello di specie-specificità del gene utilizzato. Temperature ottimali e range di crescita Le temperature di crescita dei vari ceppi sono state testate nel range 0-45°C su piastre di PCA (steps di 5 °C). La maggior parte (42% ca.) mostrava un optimum a 30°C. L’ optimum più basso è stato registrato per il ceppo KB75 (15°C), mentre KB22 e KB49 avevano quello più alto (40°C). Molti ceppi (56%) erano in grado di crescere a 0°C mentre solo il 25% cresceva a 45°C. La maggior parte di essi poteva essere considerato psicrotrofo e quasi tutti erano euritermi, indicando capacità di adattamento alle frequenti e repentine variazioni di temperatura di Kandalaksha Bay. 3 Enzimi extracellulari Con lo scopo di ottenere informazioni metaboliche ed individuare ceppi di interesse biotecnologico, è stato effettuato uno screening in piastra per varie attività enzimatiche extracellulari (amilasi, cellulasi, chitinasi, pectinasi, fosfatasi, proteasi, ureasi, lipasi). Lipasi, fosfatasi e proteasi erano abbastanza comuni (ca. 54% e 44% dei ceppi, rispettivamente). Pectinasi e amilasi erano presenti in circa il 32 % dei ceppi mentre chitinasi e ureasi sono state rilevate in un numero limitato (17%); la cellulasi non era prodotta da nessun ceppo. Alcuni ceppi che hanno prodotto aloni di attività particolarmente grandi possono essere considerati alto-produttori e verranno studiati ulteriormente per eventuali applicazioni biotecnologiche. Dal punto di vista ecologico lo screening ha mostrato la presenza di ceppi che possono essere considerati altamente specializzati perché in grado di produrre un numero limitato di attività, mentre altri, presentando una competenza enzimatica più elevata potrebbero essere ecologicamente avvantaggiati nelle estreme condizioni ambientali presenti nel Mar Bianco. Competenze metaboliche tramite il sistema BIOLOG Il sistema BIOLOG è stato utilizzato per saggiare le competenze metaboliche dei ceppi attraverso la capacità di ossidare differenti composti come fonte di carbonio. Il sistema è in grado di stabilire l’ossidazione di 95 composti, tra cui zuccheri, acidi organici e amino acidi come unica fonte di carbonio. In generale gli amminoacidi erano la fonte preferita: l’acido L-Glutammico e l’Asparagina erano i composti più utilizzati (96% dei ceppi). Anche gli zuccheri, in particolare l’ α-D-Glucosio (92% dei ceppi) erano abbastanza comuni. Sono state inoltre ottenute informazioni sulla complessità metabolica: la maggior parte dei ceppi hanno dimostrato una capacità metabolica elevata in quanto erano in grado di ossidare circa 30-50 fonti. Confrontando i dati con quelli ottenuti per le attività enzimatiche è stato possibile confermare la loro elevata capacità eco-nutrizionale. 4 Studio della comunità batterica(eubatteri) totale La biodiversità della comunità totale è stata studiata con metodi non-colturali tramite la tecnica di PCR-TGGE fingerprinting basata sull’analisi del gene 16S-rRNA. Il DNA totale è stato estratto dalle membrane e frammenti amplificati del 16S sono stati separati tramite elettroforesi su gel di polyacrilammide sottoposto a differente gradiente termico. I profili di banda ottenuti dai vari campioni sono stati analizzati tramite analisi di cluster. I campioni relativi alla pozza d’acqua della zona intertidale e della superficie marina ad essa adiacente sono risultati piuttosto simili mentre i campioni presi a varie profondità raggruppavano in clusters separati, in particolare il campione preso a -70m che presentava un similarità minore al 40% rispetto a tutti gli altri. I profili sono stati poi analizzati per lo studio delle bande che rappresentano le varie specie di batteri presenti nei campione. Sono state individuate un totale di 70 classi di bande in tutti campioni, con una media di 26 nei campioni di zona intertidale ed un massimo di 30 nei campioni di profondità. In tutti i campioni la biodiversità è stata calcolata con l’indice di diversità di Simpson e con l’indice di ricchezza ponderata. In entrambi i casi i valori di biodiversità erano molto alti per tutti i campioni analizzati. La rappresentazione grafica delle intensità relative delle bande in ogni area di campionamento è stata effettuata tramite le curve di Pareto-Lorenz. Tramite queste curve è stato possibile anche calcolare l’organizzazione funzionale della comunità (risposta a perturbazioni ambientali): la struttura della comunità è risultata piuttosto equilibrata e con un valore medio-alto di organizzazione funzionale. Le bande preminenti presenti dei vari profili sono state escisse, riamplificate e sequenziale per ottenere l’affiliazione tassonomica delle specie tramite costruzione di alberi filogenetici. L’analisi ha permesso di individuare una grande presenza di α-proteobatteri (16 sequenze su 27) tra cui principalmente batteri appartenenti al genere Roseobacter. Erano presenti anche specie di γ-proteobatteri tutte riconducubili alla specie Cobetia marina. E’ stata rilevata anche una sequenza relativa agli attinobatteri e alcune relative a vari ciano batteri non coltivabili. In 5 generale alcune bande avevano una similarità bassa con le specie presenti nell’albero. E’ dunque possible ipotizzare la presenza di nuove specie. Studio delle specie di Pseudomonas presenti nella comunità Vista la grande presenza tra i ceppi coltivabili di specie di Pseudomonas, un ulteriore analisi della comunità tramite PCR-TGGE è stata effettuata utilizzando primers specifici per questo genere. Le bande preminenti sono state amplificate, sequenziate e utilizzate per l’analisi filogenetica. Solo 6 sequenze su 22 sono state affiliate a Pseudomonas: nonostante i primers fossero specifici per questo genere tuttavia possono portare all’amplificazione di 16S simili come quelli di altri γ-proteobatteri. L’analisi di cluster dei profili di banda anche in questo caso ha evidenziato similarità tra i profili dei campioni presi nella zona intertidale, mentre i campioni di mare profondo erano in gruppi esterni. L’analisi di biodiversità in questo caso non è stata effettuata in quanto si sarebbe riferita solo ad una porzione limitata della comunità totale e dunque non rilevante. Sulla base delle nostre conoscenze, è possibile affermare che questo lavoro rappresenta il primo studio dettagliato della comunità batterica della Baia di Kandalaksha. Dottorato di ricerca in Scienze ambientali
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- 2011
13. Study of bacterial community structure and diversity during the maturation process of a therapeutic peloid.
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Pesciaroli, Chiara, Viseras, César, Aguzzi, Carola, Rodelas, Belén, and González-López, Jesús
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BACTERIAL communities , *BACTERIAL diversity , *SPECIES diversity , *GEOTHERMAL resources , *BACTERIA phylogeny , *BACTERIA classification - Abstract
The presence of bacteria in peloids is essential for the development of their therapeutic properties. Therefore, the study of bacterial community composition in peloids and its changes along the maturation process is of paramount importance. For this purpose, samples of thermal waters and peloids at different stages of maturation were collected and the MiSeq Illumina sequencing platform was employed to obtain information on bacterial diversity and community structure. Richness and diversity indices showed that a clear change during the first period of maturation occurred, while, after two months, the community seemed to stabilize. The same results were obtained based on the different OTU present. A phylogenetic analysis was performed and taxonomic affiliations for sequences with abundance higher than 1% and important to determine differences among samples were obtained. Relative abundance of bacterial community composition was also investigated. Analysis indicated a dominance of α- and β- Proteobacteria in water samples, while γ- Proteobacteria prevailed in peloids. Again, biodiversity profiles showed a low level of similarity between water and peloids, while in all peloid samples the populations were almost the same. Results demonstrate that the bacterial community in peloids changed mostly on the early stages of maturation and it reached stability after two months. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
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14. Production of chitinolytic enzymes by a strain (BM17) of Paenibacillus pabuli isolated from crab shells samples collected in the east sector of central Tyrrhenian Sea
- Author
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Juarez-Jimenez, Belen, Rodelas, Belen, Martinez-Toledo, M. Victoria, Gonzalez-Lopez, Jesus, Crognale, Silvia, Gallo, Anna M., Pesciaroli, Chiara, and Fenice, Massimiliano
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ENZYME analysis , *ENZYMES , *POLYSACCHARIDES , *CRABS - Abstract
Abstract: Nineteen bacterial isolates were grown in shaken cultures in media containing chitin as carbon source and different additional nitrogen sources such as yeast nitrogen base (YNB), yeast extract (YE), corn steep liquor (CSL) and ammonium sulfate. Strain BM17 showed the highest activity (200U/l) in medium containing Chitin (1%) and YNB (0.5%). Molecular analysis of the 16S rRNA gene showed that strain BM17 belongs to the species Paenibacillus pabuli (99.72% homology). The enzyme activity started after 12–24h; exponential enzyme production was recorded from the 24thh and lasted till the 96thh of incubation when activity peaked to decrease thereafter. Medium optimisation was carried out by Response Surface Methodology (RSM) considering the effects of chitin, corn steep liquor and yeast extract. BM17 chitinolytic activity was induced by chitin but the increase of its concentration did not have significant effects on the enzyme activity. By contrast, the nitrogen source, particularly YE, strongly affected the enzyme production. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
- Published
- 2008
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15. Linking the Effect of Antibiotics on Partial-Nitritation Biofilters: Performance, Microbial Communities and Microbial Activities.
- Author
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Gonzalez-Martinez A, Margareto A, Rodriguez-Sanchez A, Pesciaroli C, Diaz-Cruz S, Barcelo D, and Vahala R
- Abstract
The emergence and spread of antibiotics resistance in wastewater treatment systems have been pointed as a major environmental health problem. Nevertheless, research about adaptation and antibiotics resistance gain in wastewater treatment systems subjected to antibiotics has not been successfully developed considering bioreactor performance, microbial community dynamics and microbial activity dynamics at the same time. To observe this in autotrophic nitrogen removal systems, a partial-nitritation biofilter was subjected to a continuous loading of antibiotics mix of azithromycin, norfloxacin, trimethoprim, and sulfamethoxazole. The effect of the antibiotics mix over the performance, bacterial communities and bacterial activity in the system was evaluated. The addition of antibiotics caused a drop of ammonium oxidation efficiency (from 50 to 5%) and of biomass concentration in the bioreactor, which was coupled to the loss of ammonium oxidizing bacteria Nitrosomonas in the bacterial community from 40 to 3%. Biomass in the partial nitritation biofilter experienced a sharp decrease of about 80% due to antibiotics loading, but the biomass adapted and experienced a growth by stabilization under antibiotics feeding. During the experiment several bacterial genera appeared, such as Alcaligenes, Paracoccus , and Acidovorax , clearly dominating the bacterial community with >20% relative abundance. The system reached around 30% ammonium oxidation efficiency after adaptation to antibiotics, but no effluent nitrite was found, suggesting that dominant antibiotics-resistant phylotypes could be involved in nitrification-denitrification metabolisms. The activity of ammonium oxidation measured as amoA and hao gene expression dropped a 98.25% and 99.21%, respectively, comparing the system before and after the addition of antibiotics. On the other hand, denitrifying activity increased as observed by higher expression of nir and nos genes (83.14% and 252.54%, respectively). In addition, heterotrophic nitrification cyt c-551 was active only after the antibiotics addition. Resistance to the antibiotics was presumably given by ermF, carA and msrA for azithromycin, mutations of the gyrA and grlB for norfloxacin, and by sul123 genes for sulfamethoxazole. Joined physicochemical and microbiological characterization of the system were used to investigate the effect of the antibiotics over the bioprocess. Despite the antibiotics resistance, activity of Bacteria decreased while the activity of Archaea and Fungi increased.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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