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Three new metal coordination polymers with different spatial structure, namely {[Co2(H2O)6(4-PDCA)2]2·3H2O}n (SNUT-12), {[Cd(H2O)2(4-PDCA)]·2H2O}n (SNUT-13) and [Zn2(4-PDCA)2]n (SNUT-14), where H2(4-PDCA) = 1-(4-carboxyphenyl)-5-methyl-4-oxo-1,4-dihydropyridazine-3-carboxylic acid, were synthesized by changing the central ion with the same ligand under solvothermal and hydrothermal conditions, which were further characterized by single crystal X-ray diffraction, powder XRD, FT-IR and TGA. Single crystal X-ray analysis revealed that SNUT-12 exhibits a 1D infinite zigzag chains which were constructed by Cobalt(II) ion and 4-PDCA2− ligand, SNUT-13 features a 2D ladder-like structure. Meanwhile, SNUT-14 displays 2-fold 3D → 3D parallel interpenetrating frameworks. In addition, SNUT-12 exhibited high electrocatalytic oxygen evolution reaction, and SNUT-13, SNUT-14 showed strong fluorescence at room temperature.

In the field of water decontamination, the design of luminance sensor for sensitive detection of heavy metal ion toxic and nitroaromatic compounds are important and challenging. Herein, a new luminescent Cd(II) metal–organic framework (MOF), {[Cd2(H2O)3(4‐CPCA)2]·2H2O}n (SNUT‐27) (H2(4‐CPCA) = 1‐(4‐carboxyphenyl)‐4‐oxo‐1,4‐dihydropyridazine‐3‐carboxylic acid) was obtained by the reaction of flexible ligand H2(4‐CPCA) and Cd(II) ions, characterized by single crystal X‐ray diffraction, PXRD, FT‐IR, and TGA, the samples were further analyzed. The analysis of single crystal X‐ray diffraction showed that SNUT‐27 possesses a distinct three‐dimensional spatial arrangement and demonstrates impressive fluorescence properties. Particularly, SNUT‐27 showed a highly sensitive response to the nitro‐aromatic compounds nitrobenzene by fluorescence quenching, and in contrast, showed a fluorescence enhancement response to Al3+ and Cu2+. SNUT‐27 can be effortlessly recycled by simply rinsing with water post‐sensing experiments, showcasing its reusability. Additionally, potential detection mechanisms have been explored. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To investigate the potential association between lifestyles, including cigarette smoking, alcohol consumption, and physical exercise at the time of biopsy and the risk for developing end-stage renal failure (ESRF) among IgA nephropathy (IgAN) patients within 10 years. Methods: A case–control study was carried out. Seventy-seven ESRF patients with the primary cause of IgAN were enrolled as cases. Seventy-seven IgAN patients who had not progressed to ESRF after being diagnosed for over 10 years served as controls. Smoking, alcohol consumption and physical exercise related data and baseline clinical features were collected from their medical records and confirmed by phone calls. Results: The case group had higher proportions of males, smokers, drinkers, and physical inactivity individuals than the controls had. Alcohol drinking history (/1 year, OR 1.32, p

BACKGROUND: Gastric lavage (GL) is one of the most critical early therapies for acute paraquat (PQ) poisoning; however, details of the treatment protocol remain to be established. METHODS: A rapid quantitative method involving sodium dithionite testing was developed. It was validated for the determination of the PQ concentrations in gastric juice and eluate samples from a swine acute PQ poisoning model with early or delay GL, or without. The vital signs, laboratory testing, and PQ plasma concentrations were collected for therapeutic effect evaluation. RESULTS: The reaction conditions of the test were optimized for two types of samples. Early GL at one hour (H1) could improve the signs and symptoms after acute PQ poisoning at 24 hours (H24). In contrast, GL at 6 hours (H6) could only partially relieve the vital signs. The H1 GL group effectively reduced the peak of the plasma PQ concentration. In addition, the PQ concentrations in the plasma and the gastric juice were signifi cantly decreased in both the GL groups as compared to the untreated group at H24. Moreover, there was no signifi cant difference in the washing effi ciencies calculated from the total eluates between the two GL groups. However, the washing effi ciency of the fi rst 10 L eluate is superior to that of the additional 10 L eluate. CONCLUSION: GL only at early stage may it benefit PQ poisoning in an animal model. The currently used 20 L GL volume may need to be reduced in view of the low washing efficiency in the later 10 L eluate. The rapid quantitative method can be used for gastric juice sample and has a certain value for clinical GL practices. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sympathetic activity is enhanced in patients with essential or secondary hypertension, as well as in various hypertensive animal models. Therapeutic targeting of sympathetic activation is considered an effective antihypertensive strategy. We hypothesized that renal sympathetic denervation (RSD) attenuates hypertension and improves vascular remodeling and renal disease in the 2-kidney, 1-clip (2K1C) rat model. Rats underwent 2K1C modeling or sham surgery; then rats underwent RSD or sham surgery 4 wk later, thus resulting in four groups (normotensive-sham, normotensive- RSD, 2K1C-sham, and 2K1C-RSD). Norepinephrine was measured by ELISA. Echocardiography was used to assess heart function. Fibrosis and apoptosis were assessed by Masson and TUNEL staining. Changes in mean arterial blood pressure in response to hexamethonium and plasma norepinephrine levels were used to evaluate basal sympathetic nerve activity. The 2K1C modeling success rate was 86.8%. RSD reversed the elevated systolic blood pressure induced by 2K1C, but had no effect on body weight. Compared with rats in the 2K1C-sham group, rats in the 2K1C-RSD group showed lower left ventricular mass/body weight ratio, interventricular septal thickness in diastole, left ventricular end-systolic diameter, and left ventricular posterior wall thickness in systole, whereas fractional shortening and ejection fraction were higher. Right kidney apoptosis and left kidney hypertrophy were not changed by RSD. Arterial fibrosis was lower in animals in the 2K1C-RSD group compared with those in the 2K1Csham group. RSD reduced plasma norepinephrine and basal sympathetic activity in rats in the 2K1C-RSD group compared with rats in the 2K1C-sham group. These results suggest a possible clinical efficacy of RSD for renovascular hypertension. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the effects of simvastatin on the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the substantia nigra in a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced rat model of Parkinson disease (PD), and to study the mechanisms underlying the neuroprotective effects of simvastatin in PD.Methods: The LPS-PD model was established by injection of LPS (5 mg/mL, 2.0 μL) into the right substantia nigra compacta (SNC). Rats in the sham-operated group received saline. The simvastatin treatment group was intraperitoneally administered simvastatin (5 mg/kg, 2.0 μL) at 1 h before, and daily for 14 days after surgery, while the sham-operated and LPS-model groups received saline. Iba-1-positive cells and tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), as well as iNOS and BDNF in the SNC were detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting, respectively. The effect of simvastatin in the PD model was also examined in behavioral tests.Results: The LPS-model group exhibited typical animal PD behaviors. Compared with the control group, the LPS-model group exhibited a decreased number of DA neurons (p< 0.01) in the SNC, as well as increases in the Iba-1-positive cell number and iNOS expression (p< 0.05), while BDNF expression was downregulated (p< 0.01). These effects were inhibited by simvastatin treatment (p< 0.05).Conclusion: Simvastatin mediates a protective effect on dopaminergic neurons in the SNC in the LPS-PD model, possibly by promoting neuronal repair and regeneration, and by inhibiting oxidative stress, thus improving substantia nigra function. [ABSTRACT FROM PUBLISHER]

C60 fullerenol was found to be a highly active, selective and stable catalyst for cycloaddition between CO2 and epoxides to produce various cyclic carbonates with excellent yields (89-99%). A solid/ liquid interfacial hydrogen-bond assisted mechanism was proposed to account for its high efficiency. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]