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Introduction: Oronasal fistula have several etiologies. Most of the time, the origin is congenital associated with cleft lip and patate patients, or it can be acquired after trauma, infection, neoplasm, postsurgical complications or radio and chemonecrosis. Excepted for palatal obturators, their treatment is surgical and may use different intraoral flaps. Observation: A 9-year-old girl was sent to consult presenting an oronasal fistula as a sequela of a cleft lip and palate, initially treated in Kosovo (Albania). This was an anterior midpalate fistula, large around 2 cm, functionnaly responsible of a nasal speech and food reflux in the nasal airways. The closure has been done with a tongue flap. Commentary: Most of the oronasal fistulae secondary to a cleft palate are managed with palatal rotational flaps. Nevertheless, they cannot be used in some cases, especially when the fistula size is too large, the localization too anterior and with already scarred palatal tissues around. Then, tongue flap may represent a reliable alternative. Conclusion: The tongue flap allowed a complete closure of the oronasal fistula, with a very good tolerance from the child. It shows its interest into the list of the numerous existing oral flaps. However, considering the discomfort of this technique, it must be done in selected cases, with compliant patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Platelet-rich plasma (PRP) has emerged as a significant therapy used in medical conditions with heterogeneous results. There are some important classifications to try to standardize the PRP procedure. The aim of this report is to describe PRP contents studying celular and molecular components, and also propose a new classification for PRP. The main focus is on mononuclear cells, which comprise progenitor cells and monocytes. In addition, there are important variables related to PRP application incorporated in this study, which are the harvest method, activation, red blood cells, number of spins, image guidance, leukocytes number and light activation. The other focus is the discussion about progenitor cells presence on peripherial blood which are interesting due to neovasculogenesis and proliferation. The function of monocytes (in tissue-macrophages) are discussed here and also its plasticity, a potential property for regenerative medicine treatments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article focuses on complementary metal oxide semiconductor (CMOS) technology that is capable of electronic DNA hybridization detection. The prototype combines DNA arrays with the electronics for transduction, amplification, digital conversion, and signal readout. Topics include label-free sensor chips and the technical advantage in DNA sensor devices.

This paper presents a fully electronic label-free DNA chip in 0.5-µm CMOS technology, with 5-V supply voltage, suitable for low-cost highly integrated applications. The chip features an array of 128 sensor sites with gold electrodes and integrated measurement, conditioning, multiplexing and analog-to-digital conversion circuitry. The circuits measure capacitance variations due to DNA hybridization on the gold electrodes which are bio-modified by covalently attaching probes of known sequence. Specificity, repeatability and parallel detection capability of the fabricated chip are successfully demonstrated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A 16 x 8 sensor array chip for fully electronic DNA detection is presented. The sensor principle is based on an electro-chemical redox cycling process. The chip is fabricated on the basis of an extended 0.5 μm CMOS process. Each sensor site of the array chip contains a complete A/D converter with a dynamic range of five decades. The 3or-homogeneity of the electrical response of the sensor array is better than 6% (10-11 A to 10-7 A) and better than 20% (10-12 A to 10-7 A). Proper operation of the chip is demonstrated with electrochemical and biological experiments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sensor arrays are a key tool in the field of neuroscience for noninvasive recording of the activity of biological networks, such as dissociated neurons or neural tissue. A high-density sensor array complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor chip is presented with 16 K pixels, a frame rate of 2 kiloframes per second, and a pitch of 7.8 µm × 7.8 µm for imaging of neural activity. The related circuit and system issues as well as process aspects are discussed. A mismatch-canceling calibration circuitry with current mode signal representation is used. Results from first biological experiments are presented, which prove full functionality of the chip. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: During the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, higher education worldwide had to switch to digital formats. The purpose of this study was to evaluate CoRad-19, a digital teaching tool created by the German Radiological Society for medical students during the COVID-19 pandemic., Materials and Methods: A total of 13 German-speaking universities implemented CoRad-19 in their curriculum and partially or completely replaced their classes with the online courses. Previous experience and contact with radiology and the participants' opinions regarding the medium of e-learning were surveyed using a custom questionnaire. The subjective level of knowledge regarding the individual modules was also surveyed before and after participation to measure learning effects. The data of 994 medical students from the participating sites were analyzed and compared intraindividually using the Friedman test., Results: From 4/1/2020-10/1/2020, 451 complete data sets from a total of 994 surveys were included. E-learning was rated "very useful" both before and after course participation (4 [IQR 3-4], p = 0.527, r = 0.16). E-learning as a method was also rated as a "very good" medium both before and after participation (4 [IQR 3-4], p = 0.414, r = 0.17). After participation, participants rated radiology as particularly suitable for digital teaching (before: 3 [IQR 3-4] vs. after 4 [IQR 3-4], p = 0.005, r = 0.6). Significant learning gains were measurable in all course modules (p ≤ 0.009). Post-hoc analysis showed interest in radiology to increase significantly after course participation (p = 0.02)., Conclusion: In the representative survey, significant learning effects were observed in all course modules. In addition, it should be particularly emphasized that the students' interest in radiology was increased by course participation. Thus, the German Radiological Society provided significant support to German-speaking medical faculties with respect to maintaining excellent education using CoRad-19., Key Point: · Co-Rad-19 course participation results in measurable subjective learning effects and increases student interest in radiology.., Citation Format: · Brendlin AS, Molwitz I, Oechtering TH et al. CoRad-19 - Modular Digital Teaching during the SARS-CoV-2 Pandemic. Fortschr Röntgenstr 2022; 194: 644 - 651., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest., (Thieme. All rights reserved.)

Premature fusion of the metopic suture results in trigonocephaly with variable degrees of anterior cranial fossa dysmorphia and craniofacial deformity. Different surgical corrective techniques that aim to reshape the forehead and enlarge the cranial volume have been described. Typical variations of the standard fronto-orbitary advancement carry the risk of relevant blood loss during frontal osteotomy, where paired emissary metopic veins are disrupted. The authors present a technical variant that preserves a bony triangle over the glabella to optimize control of these veins, which represent the major source of bleeding, and applies Piezosurgery to perform the osteotomies to minimize bone substance loss. The video can be found here: https://vimeo.com/511536423., Competing Interests: Disclosures Dr. Di Rocco has held conferences on the use of Piezosurgery for Mectron s.p.a., (© 2021, The Authors.)

The correction of transverse skeletal abnormalities occupies a special place in orthognathic surgery. Maxillofacial surgeons employ a variety of techniques, but treatment stability remains a common problem. This paper presents a range of therapeutic options with special emphasis on two little-known techniques for correcting transverse skeletal abnormalities: symphyseal distraction and mandibular constriction. These techniques are described and their indications discussed., (Copyright © 2012 CEO. Published by Elsevier Masson SAS. All rights reserved.)