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10. Korean Perspectives on Assessment of Student Achievement

Author

Park, Hyun-Jeong

Abstract

In this paper, two nationwide assessments for elementary and secondary students' educational achievement in Korea were reviewed for their assessment frameworks and the overall results; the Diagnostic Test for Basic Skills (DTBS) of Grade 3 elementary students and the National Assessment of Educational Achievement (NAEA) for Grade 6, 9 and 10 students. Also, the results for Korea in two large-scale international comparison studies were reviewed; the Trends in International Mathematics & Science Study (TIMSS) and the Programme for International Student Assessment (PISA). Finally, the author makes some suggestions for future research and policies on the student achievement from the Korean perspective. (Contains 3 figures and 2 tables.)

Published
2008

15. Can After-School Programs and Private Tutoring Help Improve Students' Achievement? Revisiting the Effects in Korean Secondary Schools

Author

Ha, Yeojin and Park, Hyun-Jeong

Abstract

The purpose of this study is to examine the causal effects of after-school programs (ASPs) and private tutoring on Korean secondary school students' academic achievement. The students' data from the Gyeonggi Education Panel Study were used in this study for the actual data analysis. The study attempted to adjust for possible selection bias toward either the ASPs or private tutoring by using the inverse probability weight of the propensity score, which was derived from a seemingly unrelated bivariate probit model. The results demonstrated that ASPs and private tutoring both contributed to increases in Korean secondary school students' academic achievement, even after controlling for the selection biases toward both treatments. The magnitude of the effects of participating in ASPs or private tutoring was found to differ by education level; in middle schools, private tutoring showed a higher impact on academic achievement than did ASPs, whereas ASPs had a greater influence on high schools students' academic achievement than did private tutoring. Moreover, it was also revealed that there was no interaction effect between ASP participation and private tutoring participation in middle schools, but that a negative interaction effect existed in high schools. In addition, the differential effect of region size was calculated in order to examine the effect of ASPs and private tutoring in more depth, and the results demonstrated that the positive effects of ASPs and private tutoring on secondary school students' academic achievement were only significant in urban areas.

Published
2017
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16. Protection and Restoration of Damaged Hair via a Polyphenol Complex by Promoting Mechanical Strength, Antistatic, and Ultraviolet Protection Properties

Author

Park, Hyun Jeong Won, Tae Min Kim, In-sook An, Heung Jin Bae, and Sung Young

Subjects
polyphenol, UV protection, antistatic, tannic acid, gallic acid, caffeic acid
Abstract

In this study, we developed a hair-coating polyphenol complex (PPC) that showed ultraviolet (UV) protection properties, antistatic features, and the capability to enhance the mechanical strength of damaged hair. PPCs prepared with different ratios of tannic acid (TA), gallic acid (GA), and caffeic acid (CA) simultaneously increased the self-recovery of damaged hair by protecting the cuticle. PPC prevented light from passing through the damaged hair during exposure to UV radiation. Moreover, surfaces coated with PPC1 (TA:GA:CA, 100:20:0.5) exhibited a higher conductivity than surfaces coated with PPCs with other ratios of TA, GA, and CA, with a resistance of 0.72 MΩ. This influenced the antistatic performance of the surface, which exhibited no electrical attraction after being subjected to an electrostatic force. Additionally, damaged hair exhibited a significant increase in durability and elasticity after coating with a PPC1-containing shampoo, with a tensile strain of up to 2.06× post-treatment, indicating the recovery of the damaged cuticle by the PPC complex. Furthermore, PPC1-containing shampoo prevented damage by scavenging excess reactive oxygen species in the hair. The combination effect promoted by the natural PPC offers new insights into hair treatment and paves the way for further exploration of hair restoration technology.

Published
2023
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32. A Comparison of Three IRT Approaches to Examinee Ability Change Modeling in a Single-Group Anchor Test Design

Author

Paek, Insu, Park, Hyun-Jeong, Cai, Li, and Chi, Eunlim

Abstract

Typically a longitudinal growth modeling based on item response theory (IRT) requires repeated measures data from a single group with the same test design. If operational or item exposure problems are present, the same test may not be employed to collect data for longitudinal analyses and tests at multiple time points are constructed with unique item sets, as well as a set of common items (i.e., anchor test) for a study of examinee growth. In this study, three IRT approaches to examinee growth modeling were applied to a single-group anchor test design and their examinee growth estimates were compared. In terms of tracking individual growth, growth patterns in the examinee population distribution, and the overall model-data fit, results show the importance of modeling the serial correlation over multiple time points and other additional dependence coming from the use of the unique item sets, as well as the anchor test.

Published
2014
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36. A Cross-National Analysis of the Student- and School-Level Factors Affecting the Demand for Private Tutoring

Author

Song, Kyoung-Oh, Park, Hyun-Jeong, and Sang, Kyong-Ah

Abstract

Private tutoring has become a worldwide phenomenon, yet there is little empirical evidence for the main factors leading the demand for private tutoring across nations. Using data from the Third International Mathematics and Science Study of 2003, this study classified the countries into four different groups according to the proportion of student participation in private tutoring and student achievement. Then, the study explored student- and school-level factors influencing the demand for private tutoring. From the HGLM analysis, the results revealed that the demand for private tutoring in Korea and Taiwan, which have higher participation rates in private tutoring and high-school-quality levels, is mostly explained by student-level variables (educational aspirations, instrumental motivation, self-confidence, and father's education) and school context variables (the community size and school SES). Meanwhile, the demand for private tutoring in the Philippines and Romania, both of which have high incidences of private tutoring and low-school-quality levels, varies widely among schools, and many of the school process variables (e.g., the use of remedial classes, amount of school homework, frequency of tests, and the use of grouping by ability) account for the relationships with private tutoring.

Published
2013
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