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Tuberculosis is a chronic infection disease caused by infection with tubercle bacteria (Mycobacterium tuberculosis). It is usually localized in the lungs, but can be spread to any organ or tissue in the human body. In 2018 the world has registered 10 million patients, 1,5 million deaths from this disease including 251 000 deaths due to TB disease in HIV positive individuals. The disease is transmitted through the air, when people with TB cough, sneeze or talk. General symptoms are: loss of appetite, weakening, malaise, night sweats, cough, sometimes with blood in the spleen, elevated body temperature. For diagnosis, microbiological and biochemical investigations, radiological examination, chest computed tomography and ultrasonography are performed. The microbiological diagnosis is based on two basic methods, microscopy and culture, which enable detection of tuberculous bacillus in clinical specimens. BCG vaccine is used as a preventive measure against tuberculosis. There are effective antituberculotic drugs that can successfully treat tuberculosis. Health education and care of TB patients is being carried out in order to reduce the obstacles for TB treatment, increase co-operation in relation to TB treatment, reduce the risk of transmission of TB infection. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Modern education in the field of healthcare is faced with the challenge of coping with one of the most important tasks - to develop in students a set of competencies which serve as a sound basis for mastering a series of job-specific knowledge, skills and abilities, and which constitute a guarantee for coping successfully with all everyday tasks. The attention of the mentor is focused on finding the most reasonable solution to the various situations that the trainee may find him/herself in, and ensuring emotional comfort., Aim: To identify the grounds and criteria for selecting mentors for the pre-graduation traineeships of the future registered nurses., Methods: To determine the opinion of the mentors, we surveyed 106 mentors in several university hospitals: 'St. Georgi' University Hospital - Plovdiv, MPHAT AD - Haskovo, 'Dr. At. Dafovski' University Hospital - Kardzhali, University Hospital - Stara Zagora., Results: During the pre-graduation traineeship in a real-life environment, students have the opportunity to develop and consolidate a series of skills, competences and qualities which are an integral part of the modern image of the registered nurse. Logically, the mentor should be the leading factor in the pre-graduation traineeship, yet the tutor has organisational and control functions., Conclusion: Mentors are expected to ensure patient safety, as well to create suitable working conditions for students., (Copyright: © 2019 Snezhana Dragusheva, Penka Petleshkova, Gordana Panova.)