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Publishing original research in a peer-reviewed and indexed journal is an important milestone for a scientist or a clinician. It is an important parameter to assess academic achievements. However, technical and language barriers may prevent many enthusiasts from ever publishing. This review highlights the important preparatory steps for creating a good manuscript and the most widely used IMRaD (Introduction, Materials and Methods, Results, and Discussion) method for writing a good manuscript. It also provides a brief overview of the submission and review process of a manuscript for publishing in a biomedical journal.

Context: Melanin pigmentation of the gingiva exists in all ethnicities and genders. Demand for repigmentation is mainly for esthetic reasons. Gingival depigmentation is a mucogingival surgical procedure where depigmentation is done by various techniques. However, the selection of a method depends on the clinical experiences and individual preferences. Aim: The aim of the study is to compare the pain score using the Visual Analog Scale (VAS) and the recurrence rate of gingival pigmentation, using the three different techniques, i.e., scalpel, laser, and electrosurgery. Settings and Design: This randomized control trial was conducted on 30 systemically healthy patients divided into two groups. Materials and Methods: A split-mouth design was adopted and pigmentation was removed using scalpel and laser in Group I and scalpel and electrocautery in Group II. Dummett Oral Pigmentation Index scale and VAS were used to appraise the potency of hyperpigmentation and pain of the patient, respectively. Statistical Analysis Used: Independent t-test was used for the comparisons. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: The pain intensity was up high in patients treated with scalpel compared to laser and electrocautery, which was statistically highly significant. Conclusion: The findings suggest that laser depigmentation still serves to be the best modality considering the bloodless field and reduced postoperative pain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Standards of Practice for Health Promotion in Higher Education (Standards of Practice), is a guiding document for the field of Health Promotion. This article, written by Standards of Practice revision authors, highlights important wording, content, and structure within the current edition of the document. By understanding the importance and rationale of these elements, readers will understand how the Standards of Practice illustrates current and future trends in the field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Survivin, a member of the inhibitor of apoptosis (IAP) gene family, plays an important role in both the regulation of cell cycle and the inhibition of apoptosis, and is frequently overexpressed in many tumor types. In neuroblastomas, the expression of survivin correlates with a more aggressive and histologically unfavorable disease. Survivin is predominantly a cytoplasmic protein that is expressed in a cell cycledependent manner, increasing in the G2/M phase of the cell cycle followed by a rapid decline in the G1 phase. Recently, the role of survivin in resistance to chemotherapy has become an area of intensive investigation. In this study, we demonstrate a phase-specific resistance due to survivin in staurosporine (STS)-induced apoptosis in the human neuroblastoma cell line SK-NMC. G2/M-arrested cultures show an upregulation of survivin expression and are more resistant, whereas G1-phase cells that show decreased levels of survivin are more sensitive to apoptosis. Localization studies revealed differences in the distribution of survivin in two synchronized populations, with G1 cells having weakly positive staining confined to the nucleus, in contrast to G2/M cells that depicted a more uniform and intense expression of survivin throughout the cell. In our experimental system, STS induced apoptosis through the mitochondrial-caspase 9-mediated pathway. Retention of survivin in G1 cells by inhibition of the ubiquitin-proteosome pathway or inhibition of caspase 9 protected the cells against apoptosis. Our data suggest that survivin exerts its antiapoptotic effect by inhibiting caspase 9 activity, an important event in STS-mediated apoptosis. In context with cell cycle-dependent responses to chemotherapy, the data from this study suggest the possibility of exploiting the survivin pathway for inducing apoptosis in tumor cells.

Introduction: Of the various cytokines and growth factors regulating angiogenesis, the most potent agent acting on vascular endothelium is vascular endothelial growth factor(VEGF). The present study aims to access VEGF concentration in periodontal diseases and the effect of periodontal therapy on its concentration in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF). Materials and Methods: Ninety five subjects (47 females and 48 males) 25- 47 y of age were divided into healthy (group-1), gingivitis (group-2), and periodontitis (group-3). GCF samples were collected using micro-capillary pipettes & were transferred immediately to plastic vials and stored at -70˚C until the time of the assay. The concentration of VEGF was determined using commercially available ELISA kit. Results: The mean VEGF concentration was highest in periodontitis patients (Group 3) (88.08±8.04pg/ml), with lowest in healthy patients (Group 1). VEGF levels reduced significantly after therapy in Groups 2 and 3. Conclusion: VEGF levels in GCF had a significant correlation with both periodontal disease progression and healing after therapy.

As it relates to the contemporary business world¸ the importance of the strength in which a firm´s people identify with an organization cannot be understated. Members who strongly identify with an organization experience an increased "connectedness" with the organization within which they are employed. Hence it becomes essential to enhance organizational identification among employees. An extensive study on the variables that enhances identification reveals that culture and learning practices in an organization stimulates identification. Hence the objective of this study is to explore the impact of culture and learning on different levels of organizational identification. This research employed a survey design¸ deriving a sample of 378 respondents from 10 Insurance Companies. Multiple Regression analysis and Multiple Discriminant Function Analysis were done to analyze the data. Findings of the study have implications for both the researcher as well as for managers of Insurance Companies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

With the continuous changes in the organizational environment, the importance of organizational identification becomes more significant. Identification is a psychological construct that connects the employees with the organization they work for. Understanding the antecedents of identification will aid the organization to shore up organizational efficiency by creating conditions that spur high degrees of identification among employees. The purpose of this study is to understand the relationship among the variables, such as Organizational Culture (OC), Organizational Learning (OL) and Organizational Identification (OID). Though the study is exploratory, it is based on the general proposition that employees' identification with the organization will be influenced by the learning style of an organization and the strength of this influence will be determined by the manner in which they perceive the culture of an organization. Path analysis is used to explore these relationships. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]