6 results on '"P. Álvarez Ballesteros"'
Search Results
2. 1744P COVID-19 in cancer patients: Risk factors for the development of severe clinical event (SCE)
- Author
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E.M. Vida Navas, P. Álvarez Ballesteros, R. Martín Huertas, M. San Román Gil, L. Sanz Gómez, P. Garrido Lopez, J. Esteban Villarrubia, A. Carrato Mena, E. Corral de la Fuente, J.J. Soto Castillo, J. Torres Jiménez, J. Serrano Domingo, I. Orejana Martin, and J. Pozas Pérez
- Subjects
myalgia ,Mechanical ventilation ,medicine.medical_specialty ,business.industry ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Cancer ,Retrospective cohort study ,Disease ,Hematology ,medicine.disease ,Intensive care unit ,Article ,law.invention ,Oncology ,law ,Internal medicine ,Medicine ,medicine.symptom ,business ,Lung cancer ,Body mass index - Abstract
Background: Some studies have suggested a higher risk of respiratory complications related to COVID-19 (C-19) in cancer patients (pts), but there is a lack of knowledge concerning the outcomes and prognostic factors We evaluated whether various factors can predict a more serious C-19 infection Methods: We conducted a retrospective study including 51 pts diagnosed of C-19 between March 10 and April 7, 2020 All pts present tumor disease at diagnosis of C-19: advanced disease, neoadjuvant treatment (ttm) or maintenance ttm after definitive chemoradiotherapy It has been evaluated whether certain factors may present an increased risk for the development of a SCE, defined as death, the need of high oxygen flow (FiO2≥50%), non-invasive or invasive mechanical ventilation or Intensive Care Unit admission These factors have been age, ECOG, ttm line, type of ttm, time from last ttm to C-19 diagnosis, smoke, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cardiopathy, body mass index, fever, cough, dyspnea, myalgia, gastrointestinal symptoms, infiltrates in chest radiography, CURB65 ≥1, creatine phosphokinase, lactate dehydrogenase and D-Dimer elevated, lymphopenia and PaO2/FiO2
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- 2020
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3. Detrimental effect of an early exposure to antibiotics on the outcomes of immunotherapy in a multi-tumor cohort of patients.
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Guerrero P, Albarrán V, González-Merino C, García de Quevedo C, Sotoca P, Chamorro J, Rosero DI, Barrill A, Alía V, Calvo JC, Moreno J, Pérez de Aguado P, Álvarez-Ballesteros P, San Román M, Serrano JJ, Soria A, Olmedo ME, Saavedra C, Cortés A, Gómez A, Lage Y, Ruiz Á, Ferreiro MR, Longo F, Guerra E, Martínez-Delfrade Í, Garrido P, and Gajate P
- Abstract
Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) have changed the therapeutic landscape of many solid tumors. Modulation of the intestinal microbiota by antibiotics (Abx) has been suggested to impact on ICI outcomes., Methods: Retrospective analysis of 475 patients with advanced solid tumors treated with ICI from 2015 to 2022. For each patient, the use of Abx was recorded from 1 month before ICI initiation until disease progression or death. The impact of Abx on objective response rates (ORR), disease control rates (DCR), progression-free survival (PFS), and overall survival (OS) was analyzed. Kaplan-Meier and log-rank tests were used to compare survival outcomes., Results: In total 475 patients with advanced solid tumors were evaluated. Median age was 67.5 years and performance status (PS) was 0-1 in 84.6%. 66.5% of patients received Abx during treatment with ICI, mainly beta-lactams (53.8%) and quinolones (35.9%). The early exposure to Abx (from 60 days before to 42 days after the first cycle of ICI) was associated with a lower ORR (27.4% vs 39.4%; P < .01), a lower DCR (37.3% vs 57.4%; P < .001), lower PFS (16.8 m vs 27.8 m; HR 0.66; P < .001]) and lower OS (2.5 m vs 6.6 m; HR 0.68; P = .001]). The negative impact of Abx on OS and PFS was confirmed by a multivariable analysis. This effect was not observed among patients receiving Abx after 6 weeks from ICI initiation., Conclusions: Our results validate the hypothesis of a detrimental effect of an early exposure to Abxon the efficacy of ICI in a multi-tumor cohort of patients., (© The Author(s) 2024. Published by Oxford University Press.)
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- 2024
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4. Current Landscape and Potential Challenges of Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Microsatellite Stable Metastatic Colorectal Carcinoma.
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San-Román-Gil M, Torres-Jiménez J, Pozas J, Esteban-Villarrubia J, Albarrán-Fernández V, Álvarez-Ballesteros P, Chamorro-Pérez J, Rosero-Rodríguez D, Orejana-Martín I, Martínez-Delfrade Í, Reguera-Puertas P, Fuentes-Mateos R, and Ferreiro-Monteagudo R
- Abstract
Colorectal cancer (CRC) is the third most frequent cancer and the second most common cause of cancer-related death in Europe. High microsatellite instability (MSI-H) due to a deficient DNA mismatch repair (dMMR) system can be found in 5% of metastatic CRC (mCRC) and has been established as a biomarker of response to immunotherapy in these tumors. Therefore, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) in mCRC with these characteristics were evaluated with results showing remarkable response rates and durations of response. The majority of mCRC cases have high levels of DNA mismatch repair proteins (pMMR) with consequent microsatellite stability or low instability (MSS or MSI-low), associated with an inherent resistance to ICIs. This review aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the possible approaches to overcome the mechanisms of resistance and evaluates potential biomarkers to establish the role of ICIs in pMMR/MSS/MSI-L (MSS) mCRC.
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- 2023
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5. Receptor Tyrosine Kinase Inhibitors for the Treatment of Recurrent and Unresectable Bone Sarcomas.
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Albarrán V, Villamayor ML, Chamorro J, Rosero DI, Pozas J, San Román M, Calvo JC, Pérez de Aguado P, Moreno J, Guerrero P, González C, García de Quevedo C, Álvarez-Ballesteros P, and Vaz MÁ
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- Humans, Protein Kinase Inhibitors pharmacology, Protein Kinase Inhibitors therapeutic use, Antineoplastic Agents pharmacology, Antineoplastic Agents therapeutic use, Sarcoma drug therapy, Bone Neoplasms drug therapy, Osteosarcoma drug therapy, Osteosarcoma pathology
- Abstract
Bone sarcomas are a heterogeneous group of rare tumors with a predominance in the young population. Few options of systemic treatment are available once they become unresectable and resistant to conventional chemotherapy. A better knowledge of the key role that tyrosine kinase receptors (VEGFR, RET, MET, AXL, PDGFR, KIT, FGFR, IGF-1R) may play in the pathogenesis of these tumors has led to the development of multi-target inhibitors (TKIs) that are progressively being incorporated into our therapeutic arsenal. Osteosarcoma (OS) is the most frequent primary bone tumor and several TKIs have demonstrated clinical benefit in phase II clinical trials (cabozantinib, regorafenib, apatinib, sorafenib, and lenvatinib). Although the development of TKIs for other primary bone tumors is less advanced, preclinical data and early trials have begun to show their potential benefit in advanced Ewing sarcoma (ES) and rarer bone tumors (chondrosarcoma, chordoma, giant cell tumor of bone, and undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma). Previous reviews have mainly provided information on TKIs for OS and ES. We aim to summarize the existing knowledge regarding the use of TKIs in all bone sarcomas including the most recent studies as well as the potential synergistic effects of their combination with other systemic therapies.
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- 2022
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6. Acute anti-Ma2 paraneoplastic encephalitis associated to pembrolizumab: a case report and review of literature.
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Albarrán V, Pozas J, Rodríguez F, Carrasco Á, Corral E, Lage Y, Álvarez-Ballesteros P, Soria A, and Garrido P
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Anti-Ma2 encephalitis is a rare neurological disorder with a predominant involvement of brainstem, limbic and diencephalic structures. Although an unspecific encephalopathy is the usual form of presentation, acute-onset neurologic symptoms and other atypical manifestations have been described and account for the challenging diagnosis of this entity. Despite being usually detected as a paraneoplastic syndrome in patients with early-stage tumors or without a previous history of malignancy, a growing concern has arisen from several cases reported in metastatic patients under treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors. We report what to our knowledge is the first known case of anti-Ma2 encephalitis associated to pembrolizumab and presenting as an acute-onset focal neurological syndrome, consisting on acute global aphasia, right upper limb paresia, hypoacusia, sleep disorder, decreased conscious level and a motor focal status that was refractory to anticonvulsant therapy. A brain MRI scan showed a focal alteration of the cortical-subcortical signal on the left parietal lobe. CSF study found a significant hyperproteinorrhachia and electroencephalography showed lateralized periodic discharges (LPDs), suggestive of a diffuse encephalopathy. A positive result for anti-Ma2 antibodies was obtained both in blood and CSF samples through indirect immune-fluorescence (IFI) and later confirmed by western-blot technique. Our patient obtained a mild response to steroid therapy and a significant improvement after the administration of intravenous immunoglobulins. The hypothesis that checkpoint inhibitors may trigger the expression of previously subclinical paraneoplastic events, through the strengthening of cytotoxic T cells-mediated immune response, is supported by our finding of preexisting anti-Ma2 antibodies in preserved blood samples obtained before the initiation of pembrolizumab in our patient. Further research is needed to reveal if the detection of onconeural antibodies prior to a treatment with checkpoint inhibitors may be used as a predictive biomarker of neurologic immune-related high-grade toxicity., Competing Interests: Conflicts of Interest: All authors have completed the ICMJE uniform disclosure form (available at https://dx.doi.org/10.21037/tlcr-21-222). PG declares personal financial interests as advisor for Abbvie, AstraZeneca, Blueprint Medicines, Boehringer Ingelheim, Bristol, Gilead, Guardant Health, Janssen, Lilly, MSD, Novartis, Pfizer, Roche, Rovi, Sysmex and Takeda. AS reports personal fees from Merck, Bristol and Roche. The other authors have no conflicts of interest to declare., (2021 Translational Lung Cancer Research. All rights reserved.)
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- 2021
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