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This study explores profiles of individuals in community service, focussing on gender differences and women's social vulnerability. Surveys from 503 participants undergoing community service via the Spanish Red Cross unveiled significant gender-related distinctions. Women faced more family responsibilities and lower incomes than men, with heightened economic challenges and engagement in informal work. Property ownership was less frequent among women, who also grappled with more outstanding mortgage payments and single parenthood. A larger share of women relied on institutional support and joined the Extreme Vulnerability Programme. These findings resonate with global research advocating holistic intervention for women offenders. However, this demands a broader array of community service tailored to women's needs, especially concerning dependent children. Addressing core necessities such as housing, healthcare, and employment, along with enhancing self-worth and recognition, proves pivotal in deterring women from criminal behaviour. A gender-oriented approach to alternative sentencing can enhance effectiveness and compliance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We have analysed the information in 342 police reports of stranger sexual offences recorded in 2010. We have carried out a multiple correspondence analysis and a cluster analysis using modus operandi variables to identify differential profiles in these types of sexual offences. We have come up with three profiles of stranger sexual offences, which concur in the two techniques used. By analysing the personal variables of the offenders with such profiles, we have found differences in terms of the offender’s country of origin and age. We will discuss the consequences of these results on the police investigation of stranger sexual offences. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hate crimes have severe consequences for the victims and for all members of the victim's social category. Prison programs must address the criminogenic needs of the participants, especially in this kind of crime, in order to prevent recidivism. This study seeks to understand the role of prejudice and aggression in the execution of hate crimes, in order to design effective interventions for hate crime offenders. Sociodemographic, criminological, and psychosocial variables were assessed in a sample of 33 hate crime offenders sentenced to prison or community service and in a group of 38 non-bias-motivated criminals ( n = 71). The individuals convicted of hate crimes have higher reactive and proactive aggression, subtle prejudice, homophobia, and social dominance orientation. The implications of these results for the Penitentiary Administration programs will be discussed., Competing Interests: Declaration of Conflicting InterestsThe author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article.