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Made available in DSpace on 2022-04-29T08:35:07Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-11-01 Greener materials have been used in the construction of electrochemical devices, becoming one of the main strands of this scientific development area. Thin films based on natural and renewable sources, such as propolis, allow the development of biocomposites. Hence, we have proposed the use of a thin film based on propolis for the stable and homogeneous immobilization of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), which increased the electrical conductivity of the base electrode (glassy carbon electrode) by almost 500 thousand times. The CNTs/propolis biofilm proportion was optimized by multivariate analysis, providing a decrease in the number of experiments, the demand for reagents, and analysis time. The biocomposite thin film was used for the spontaneous preconcentration and anchoring of metal ions, and the electrochemical synthesis of redox mediators and catalysts. This qualifies the proposed strategies for the development of eco-friendly electrochemical devices. Department of Nature Sciences Mathematics and Education Federal University of São Carlos Institute of Chemistry University of Campinas Center of Social Insects Studies São Paulo State University Institute of Biosciences Center of Social Insects Studies São Paulo State University Institute of Biosciences

Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-25T11:10:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-12-01 Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Maximizing crop yields relies on the use of agrochemicals to control insect pests. One of the most widely used classes of insecticides are neonicotinoids that interfere with signalling of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine, but these can also disrupt crop-pollination services provided by bees. Here, we analysed whether chronic low dose long-term exposure to the neonicotinoid thiamethoxam alters gene expression and alternative splicing in brains of Africanized honey bees, Apis mellifera, as adaptation to altered neuronal signalling. We find differentially regulated genes that show concentration-dependent responses to thiamethoxam, but no changes in alternative splicing. Most differentially expressed genes have no annotated function but encode short Open Reading Frames, a characteristic feature of anti-microbial peptides. As this suggested that immune responses may be compromised by thiamethoxam exposure, we tested the impact of thiamethoxam on bee immunity by injecting bacteria. We show that intrinsically sub-lethal thiamethoxam exposure makes bees more vulnerable to normally non-pathogenic bacteria. Our findings imply a synergistic mechanism for the observed bee population declines that concern agriculturists, conservation ecologists and the public. Institute of Biosciences São Paulo State University (Unesp) School of Biosciences College of Life and Environmental Sciences University of Birmingham, Edgbaston School of Biosciences University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington School of Veterinary Medicine and Science University of Nottingham, Sutton Bonington Institute of Biosciences São Paulo State University (Unesp)

Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-25T10:44:41Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-11-01 Water is an important resource for stingless bees, serving for both honey dilution and the composition of larval food inside nests, yet can be an important route of exposure to pesticides. Assuming bees can forage naturally on pesticide-contaminated or noncontaminated areas, we investigated whether water supply influences the choice between neonicotinoid-dosed or nondosed feeders and on mortality of the stingless bee, Melipona scutellaris (Latreille, Hymenoptera, Apidae). At the field concentration, there was no significant mortality; however, the bees were not able to distinguish the feeders. In the cages containing high-concentration feeders, with water supply, the bees preferred nondosed food, and with no water, the mortality increased. Considering that in the field it is common to find extrapolated concentrations, our work suggested that water may allow avoidance of high dosed food and minimize mortality. Centro de Estudos de Insetos Sociais - Ceis Instituto de Biociências Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP-SP) Departamento de Ciências da Natureza Matemática e Educação Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar-SP) Centro de Estudos de Insetos Sociais - Ceis Instituto de Biociências Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP-SP)

Made available in DSpace on 2021-06-25T15:03:31Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2021-04-28 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) Hepatocellular carcinoma is one of the most common types of cancer in the world with high mortality rate and new therapies that control of fatty acid metabolism may limit the proliferation of cancer cells. In the last two decades, the non-coding RNAs have been considered as promising molecular tools to treat diseases, because they are able to modulate gene expression and the metabolic routes; however, deep investigation of their mechanistic behavior in pathologies must be performed. Thus, our aim was to evaluate the modulatory effect of the miR-1914-5p in controlling lipid metabolism in HepG2, a widely used human hepatocarcinoma cell line. The molecular and cellular analyses demonstrated that the functional inhibition of the investigated microRNA completely changed the cellular metabolism and behavior, compared to control groups. The in vitro inhibition of the miR-1914-5p increased the energy expenditure pointed in different analyses, decreasing cell doubling time and migration rate verified in wound healing and in the classical transwell chambers invasion assays, which makes the miR-1914-5p a candidate for further translational and preclinical studies to validate its function in controlling metastasis in liver cancer or even treat those diseases. Univ Estadual Paulista, Dept Biol Geral & Aplicada, Inst Biociencias, Lab Biol Mol, Campus Rio Claro, BR-13506900 Rio Claro, SP, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Ctr Estudos Insetos Sociais, Inst Biociencia, Rio Claro, SP, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Dept Biol Geral & Aplicada, Inst Biociencias, Lab Biol Mol, Campus Rio Claro, BR-13506900 Rio Claro, SP, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Ctr Estudos Insetos Sociais, Inst Biociencia, Rio Claro, SP, Brazil FAPESP: FAPESP-2013/21186-5 FAPESP: 2018/05286-3

Made available in DSpace on 2020-12-12T02:19:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2020-11-01 ASCRS Research Foundation Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) The honeybee has economic importance both for the commercial value of bee products and for its role in the pollination of agricultural crops. Despite the fact that the fungicides are widely used in agriculture, studies comparing the effects of this group of pesticides on bees are still scarce. There are many gaps preventing the understanding of bees’ responses to exposure to fungicides, including the influence of the age of the exposed workers. However, this study aimed to compare the effects of residual concentrations of pyraclostrobin on young and old bees of Africanized Apis mellifera. The parameters analyzed were the survival rates, as well as the histopathological and histochemical changes in midgut of orally exposed workers to different sublethal concentrations of this strobilurin fungicide: 0.125 ng a.i./μL (C1), 0.025 ng a.i./μL (C2) e 0.005 ng a.i./μL (C3). The results showed a significant decrease in the longevity only for old bees exposed to the three concentrations of pyraclostrobin. After the five-day exposure period, the fungicide induced sublethal effects in the midgut only from the old bees. These effects were the increase both in cytoplasmic vacuolization of digestive cells and morphological changes in the nests of regenerative cells, which reflected in the higher lesion index of organ for groups C1 and C2. Additionally, there was a reduction in total protein staining in the intestinal epithelium in C1 and C2. At the same exposure period, the midgut of young bees presented only a reduction in the staining of neutral polysaccharides in the group C1. Concluding, old workers are more sensitive to the fungicide than young workers. This study showed different responses according to worker age, which can affect the maintenance of colony health. Future studies should take into account the age of the workers to better understand the effects of fungicides on bees. Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) - “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” Instituto de Biociências (IB) Departamento de Biologia Centro de Estudos de Insetos Sociais (CEIS) Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar) Departamento de Biologia (DBio) Laboratório de Ecotoxicologia e Análise de Integridade Ambiental (LEIA) Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) - “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” Instituto de Biociências (IB) Departamento de Biologia Centro de Estudos de Insetos Sociais (CEIS) FAPESP: 2016/15743–7 FAPESP: 2017/21097–3 CNPq: 400540/21097–3

Made available in DSpace on 2020-12-12T01:55:12Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2020-02-07 The proboscis extension response (PER) reflex may be used to condition the pairing of an odor with sucrose, which is applied to the antennae, in experiments to induce learning, where the odor represents a conditioned stimulus, while sucrose represents an unconditioned stimulus. A series of studies have been conducted on honeybees, relating learning and memory acquisition/retrieval using the PER as a strategy for accessing their ability to exhibit an unconditioned stimulus; however, the major metabolic processes involved in the PER are not well known. Thus, the aim of this investigation is profiling the metabolome of the honeybee brain involved in the PER. In this study, a semiquantitative approach of matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization (MALDI) mass spectral imaging (MSI) was used to profile the most abundant metabolites of the honeybee brain that support the PER. It was reported that execution of the PER requires the metabolic transformations of arginine, ornithine, and lysine as substrates for the production of putrescine, cadaverine, spermine, spermidine, 1,3-diaminopropane, and γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA). Considering the global metabolome of the brain of honeybee workers, the PER requires the consumption of large amounts of cadaverine and 1,3-diaminopropane, in parallel with the biosynthesis of high amounts of spermine, spermidine, and ornithine. To exhibit the PER, the brain of honeybee workers processes the conversion of l-arginine and l-lysine through the polyamine pathway, with different regional metabolomic profiles at the individual neuropil level. The outcomes of this study using this metabolic route as a reference are indicating that the antennal lobes and the calices (medial and lateral) were the most active brain regions for supporting the PER. Department of Biology Center of the Study of Social Insects Institute of Biosciences University of São Paulo State (UNESP) Department of Biology Center of the Study of Social Insects Institute of Biosciences University of São Paulo State (UNESP)

Made available in DSpace on 2020-12-12T02:11:34Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2020-06-01 Laboratório Nacional de Biociências Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq) Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) The drastic decline of bees is associated with several factors, including the immune system suppression due to the increased exposure to pesticides. A widely used method to evaluate these effects on these insects' immune systems is the counting of circulating hemocytes in the hemolymph. However, the extraction of hemolymph from larvae is quite difficult, and the collected material is frequently contaminated with other tissues and gastrointestinal fluids, which complicates counting. Therefore, the present work established a high quality and easily reproducible method of extracting hemolymph from honeybee larvae (Apis mellifera), the extraction with ophthalmic scissors. Extraction methods with the following tools also were tested: 30G needle, fine-tipped forceps, hypodermic syringe, and capillaries tubes. The hemolymph was obtained via an incision on the larvae's right side for all methods, except for the extraction with ophthalmic scissors, in which the hemolymph was extracted from the head region. To assess the purity of the collected material, turbidity analyses of the samples using a turbidimeter were proposed, tested, and evaluated. The results showed that the use of ophthalmic scissors provided the clearest samples and was free from contamination. A reference range between 22,432.35 and 24,504.87 NTU (nephelometric turbidity units) was established, in which the collected samples may be considered of high quality and free from contamination. Centro de Estudos de Insetos Sociais-CEIS Instituto de Biociências-Programa de Pós Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular Universidade Estadual Paulista 'Júlio de Mesquita Filho' (UNESP-SP) Grupo de Genética e Genômica da Conservação Instituto de Biologia Programa de Pós Graduação em Genética e Biologia Molecular Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP-SP) Departamento de Ciências da Natureza Matemática e Educação Centro de Ciências Agrárias Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar-SP) Centro de Estudos de Insetos Sociais-CEIS Instituto de Biociências-Programa de Pós Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular Universidade Estadual Paulista 'Júlio de Mesquita Filho' (UNESP-SP) FAPESP: 17/21097-3 FAPESP: 2016/15743-7 CNPq: 400540/2018-5 CAPES: 88887.318480/2019-00 CAPES: 88887.464706/2019-00

Made available in DSpace on 2019-10-06T16:19:21Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2019-12-01 Among the factors that contribute to the reduction of honeybee populations are the pesticides. These chemical compounds reach the hive through forager bees, and once there, they can be ingested by the larvae. We evaluated the effects of repeated larval exposure to neonicotinoid insecticide, both in isolation and in combination with strobilurin fungicide, at environmentally relevant doses. The total consumption of the contaminated diet was 23.63 ng fungicide/larvae (pyraclostrobin) and 0.2364 ng insecticide/larvae (clothianidin). The effects on post-embryonic development were evaluated over time. Additionally, we assessed the survival pattern of worker bees after emergence, and the pesticides’ effects on the behavior of newly emerged workers and young workers. Young bees that were exposed to the fungicide and those subjected to co-exposure to both pesticides during larval phase showed behavioral changes. The insecticide, both in isolation and in combination with fungicide reduced the bees’ longevity; this effect of larval exposure to pesticides was stronger in bees that were exposed only to the insecticide. Although the larvae did not have sensitivity to exposure to pesticides, they showed later effects after emergence, which may compromise the dynamics of the colony, contributing to the reduction of the populations of bees in agroecosystems. Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar) Campus Sorocaba Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biotecnologia e Monitoramento Ambiental CCTS. Rodovia João Leme dos Santos km 110 Itinga Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar) Campus Sorocaba Departamento de Biologia CCHB. Rodovia João Leme dos Santos km 110 Itinga Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) – “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” Campus Rio Claro Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular. Av. 24 A 1515 Jardim Bela Vista Department of Entomology and Acarology Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture (ESALQ) University of São Paulo (USP), Av. Pádua Dias 11 Department of Agricultural Statistics and Experimentation Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture (ESALQ) University of São Paulo (USP), Av. Pádua Dias 11 Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) – “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” Campus Rio Claro Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular. Av. 24 A 1515 Jardim Bela Vista

Made available in DSpace on 2019-10-06T16:21:47Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2019-03-01 Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP) Brazil has the highest biodiversity of native stingless bees in the world. However, Brazilian regulations are based on protocols standardized by the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD), which uses Apis mellifera as a model organism. The safety of the use of an exotic species as a substitute for a native species is a problem that concerns members of the academy and the government agencies responsible for studies of this nature in the neotropical regions where there are occurrences of stingless bee species. Regarding the exposure of larvae to pesticides, several indicators suggest that the same rearing method for A. mellifera cannot be applied to stingless bees, mainly because of their different feeding systems. Thus, it is necessary to establish an in vitro rearing method for native social bees. We developed a larval rearing method for the stingless bee species Melipona scutellaris and evaluated parameters such as the defecation rate, pupation, emergence, mortality and morphometry of the newly emerged workers. The control was represented by the morphometry of individuals that emerged from natural combs (in vivo). In addition, we determined the average lethal concentration (LC 50 ) of the insecticide dimethoate, the standard active ingredient used for the validation of toxicity tests. Procedures conducted prior to the in vitro bioassays allowed us to obtain the actual dimensions of the rearing cells for making acrylic plates for use in establishing how much each larva consumes during its development, that is, determining how much larval food should be placed in every artificial cell. Tests performed with M. scutellaris indicated an average of 80.2% emergence of individuals relative to the larvae, 92.61% relative to the pupae and a mean of 7.42% larval mortality. The mean of the intertegular distance, head width and wing asymmetry parameters were not significantly different between individuals from the in vitro and in vivo rearing methods. The LC 50 value determined was 27.48 ng dimethoate / μL diet. The method described for M. scutellaris showed development rates above OECD standards, which requires at least 75% emergence, and produced newly emerged workers with similar dimensions to those produced under natural conditions; thus these results enable their use as a rearing protocol for this species (or genus) and, consequently, their use in toxicity tests. The results produced with M. scutellaris are the first steps for a proposed toxicity test protocol for stingless bee larvae that can be standardized and included as a protocol in the OECD. Centro de Estudos de Insetos Sociais—CEIS Instituto de Biociências Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP-SP) Instituto Tecnológico Vale–Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ITVDS) Instituto Tecnológico Vale—Belém II Departamento de Ciências da Natureza Matemática e Educação Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar-SP) Centro de Estudos de Insetos Sociais—CEIS Instituto de Biociências Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP-SP) FAPESP: 2016/ 00328-4

Made available in DSpace on 2019-10-06T15:21:17Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2018-10-01 Due to the current practice of intensive pesticide use in Brazil on crops with flowers that are attractive to bees, biological information about Brazilian native bees is required in order for public authorities that are responsible for environmental safety to use them for calculations of risk assessments. Thus, the present study aimed to obtain biological data on stingless bees: Melipona scutellaris Latreille, Scaptotrigona postica Latreille and Tetragonisca angustula Latreille. The food consumed by larvae and by adults and the mass of forager workers were obtained. The results provide essential inputs for the risk assessment of stingless bee exposure to pesticides, which combined with information about the concentrations of these substances in crops with flowers that are attractive to bees, may be used in risk calculations. Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP) Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar) Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho (UNESP)

Made available in DSpace on 2018-11-26T16:40:42Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2016-04-01. Added 1 bitstream(s) on 2021-07-15T15:01:27Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 S1415-47572016000200257.pdf: 1734107 bytes, checksum: 78a80ed0809fe071b511960c5a72d6cb (MD5) Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES) Brazilian green propolis is a resinous substance prepared by bees from parts of the plant Baccharis dracunculifolia. As it possess several biological properties, this work assessed the cytotoxic/anticytotoxic, genotoxic/antigenotoxic and mutagenic/antimutagenic potential of ethanolic extracts of Brazilian green propolis (EEGP) and of B. dracunculifolia (EEBD), by means of the Allium cepa test system. The effects were evaluated by assessing the chromosomal aberrations (CA) and micronuclei (MN) frequencies on meristematic and F1 generation cells from onion roots. Chemical analyses performed with the extracts showed differences in flavonoid quality and quantity. No genotoxic or mutagenic potential was detected, and both extracts were capable of inhibiting cellular damage caused by methyl methanesulfonate (MMS) treatment, reducing the frequencies of CA and MN. By these data, we can infer that, independent of their flavonoid content, the extracts presented a protective effect in A. cepa cells against the clastogenicity of MMS. Univ Estadual Paulista, Inst Biociencias, Dept Biol, Rio Claro, SP, Brazil Univ Fed Espirito Santo, Centro Ciencias Saude, Dept Ciencias Farmaceut, Vitoria, ES, Spain Univ Estadual Paulista, Ctr Estudo Insetos Sociais, Rio Claro, SP, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Inst Biociencias, Dept Biol, Rio Claro, SP, Brazil Univ Estadual Paulista, Ctr Estudo Insetos Sociais, Rio Claro, SP, Brazil

Submitted by Guilherme Lemeszenski (guilherme@nead.unesp.br) on 2013-08-22T19:04:45Z No. of bitstreams: 0 Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-22T19:04:45Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 1998-12-01 Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-30T20:08:00Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 1998-12-01 Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-20T15:17:22Z No. of bitstreams: 0 Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-20T15:17:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 1998-12-01 Os comprimentos das peças que constituem o aparelho bucal, glossa, paraglossa, estipite, gálea, palpo labial, palpo maxilar, cardo, lorum, mento e pré-mento foram estudados a nível unidimensional em abelhas caucasianas, africanizadas e nos descendentes F1. Somente a paraglossa, estipite, gálea, palpo maxilar, mento e pré-mento mostraram ser diferentes entre esses 2 tipos de abelhas. Essas 6 variáveis foram estudadas nos descendentes F1, tendo sido utilizados 2 tipos de cruzamentos: rainhas caucasianas x machos africanizados (cruzamento 1) e rainhas africanizadas x machos caucasianos (cruzamento 2). Análises multidimensionais também foram realizadas, tendo sido obtidas as distâncias generalizadas de Mahalanobis (D2) entre os parentais e os descendentes F1. Tanto nas análises unidimensionais como nas multidimensionais houve aparente dominância das abelhas africanizadas, mas o número de genes não pôde ser conhecido porque só havia a geração F1 e não houve controle da heterozigosidade das 2 colônias parentais. Os cálculos dos coeficientes de correlações de Spearman mostraram que as abelhas com glossae mais longas coletaram mais xarope de açúcar e voaram mais lentamente da colônia para a fonte de alimento. The lengths of the mouthparts of bees, the glossa, paraglossa, stipes, galea, labial palpus, maxillary palpus, cardo, lorum, mentum and prementum, were studied in Caucasian and Africanized bees and in their F1 descendants. Only the lengths of the paraglossa, stipe, galea, mentum, prementum and maxillary palpus differed significantly between these two bee types. These six variables were studied in the F1 descendants of two types of crosses, i.e., Caucasian queens x Africanized males (cross 1) and Africanized queens x Caucasian males (cross 2). Multidimensional analyses were also performed and the generalized Mahalanobis distances (D2) between the F1 descendants and the parental lines were determined. There was an apparent dominance of Africanized bees in both unidimensional and multidimensional analyses. Correlation analysis showed that bees with longer glossae collected more food (sugar syrup) and flew more slowly from the colony to the food source. Universidade Federal de Goiás (UFG) UNESP UNESP

Made available in DSpace on 2021-07-14T10:38:23Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2000 This paper analyzes the summer and winter total protein content of 7, 14, 21, 28, 35, and 40-day old Apis mellifera L. worker venom glands before (control) and 24 and 96 hours after applying electrical shocks for venom extraction (experimental). During venom extraction, 7-day old workers responded more slowly and weakly to electrical shocks. This response intensifies with age, so that the workers approaching 20 days old respond faster and more aggressively to the shocks. Statistical analysis, using the non-parametric Wilcoxon and Kruskall-Wallis tests and complemented by the Jonckheere test, showed that the protein content varied from one age to another in the experimental group, which was well distinguishable from the values in the control Group in summer and winter. Summer values at all ages were always higher than those detected in winter in both groups. This variation seems to indicate the occurrence of more than one winter glandular development cycle. Histological studies showed secretion in the lumen of the control Group secretory tubes and reservoirs. The experimental group only showed vestigial secretion in the collapsed reservoirs at all ages, except at 7 days. These workers, which reacted less efficiently to electrical shocks, showed secretion in the lumen, reservoir, and tubes, even after the application of electrical shocks. During the 96 hours following the electrical shocks, a slight protein replacement was seen at some ages. This, although higher in summer than in winter, was much lower than the level detected in the control group at all ages. The significantly lower values were frequent in the older workers 96 hours after extraction and could reflect reabsorption or degradation of proteins from glandular secretion due to aging. Our results show that venom extraction is more productive in summer using older workers. However, their capacity of replacing protein eliminated during stinging of the substrate, in response to shocks is shown to be low, as demonstrated for other analyzed bees. Federal University of Acre, Department of Natural Sciences Universidade Estadual Paulista, Department of Biology and Center for the Study of Social Insects - UNESP Universidade Estadual Paulista, Department of Biology and Center for the Study of Social Insects - UNESP

Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-27T11:18:11Z No. of bitstreams: 0 Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-27T11:18:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 1997-01-01 In this paper we proposed to estimate the heritability of seven morphological characters that compose the sting apparatus ofthe Africanized honeybee workers. An experimental design to estimate genetic parameters was based on the method developed by Oldroyd and Moran. This method was modified to eliminate within-colony environmental effects associated with the additive genetic variance. The estimated h2 values ranged from 0.17 ± 0.11 (maximum width of bulb of sting stylet and height of the valve of right lancet) to 0.74 ± 0.30 (length of the lancet). Departamento de Biologia Instituto de Biociencias, Caixa Postal 199, CEP 13.506-900, Rio Claro, Sao Paulo

Made available in DSpace on 2021-07-14T10:38:01Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 1995 A comparison among the profiles of molecular exclusion chromatography in Sephadex G 100 column of venoms from Apis mellifera adansonii and Africanized honeybees revealed unique peaks which might be used to identify these populations. The venoms from hybrid populations resulting from the reciprocal mating of Apis mellifera adansonii and Africanized honeybees presented unique peaks, probably resulting from a synergistic effect between the parental genomes. The occurrence of characteristic peaks in venoms of hybrid populations might be used to identify these populations as well as to distinguish them from their parents. UNESP, Center for the Study of Venoms and Venomous Animals - CEVAP Institute of Biosciences of Rio Claro, Department of Biology UNESP, Center for the Study of Social Insects - CEIS UNESP, Center for the Study of Venoms and Venomous Animals - CEVAP UNESP, Center for the Study of Social Insects - CEIS

Submitted by Guilherme Lemeszenski (guilherme@nead.unesp.br) on 2013-08-22T18:54:18Z No. of bitstreams: 1 S0101-81751989000100009.pdf: 3416849 bytes, checksum: e305d85d5c2126855fc4da4a5575d88f (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2013-08-22T18:54:18Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 S0101-81751989000100009.pdf: 3416849 bytes, checksum: e305d85d5c2126855fc4da4a5575d88f (MD5) Previous issue date: 1989-04-01 Made available in DSpace on 2013-09-30T19:46:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S0101-81751989000100009.pdf: 3416849 bytes, checksum: e305d85d5c2126855fc4da4a5575d88f (MD5) S0101-81751989000100009.pdf.txt: 25102 bytes, checksum: d8ee2ee576ad55139e9f592dbe16d643 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1989-04-01 Submitted by Vitor Silverio Rodrigues (vitorsrodrigues@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2014-05-20T15:12:11Z No. of bitstreams: 2 S0101-81751989000100009.pdf: 3416849 bytes, checksum: e305d85d5c2126855fc4da4a5575d88f (MD5) S0101-81751989000100009.pdf.txt: 25102 bytes, checksum: d8ee2ee576ad55139e9f592dbe16d643 (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2014-05-20T15:12:11Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 S0101-81751989000100009.pdf: 3416849 bytes, checksum: e305d85d5c2126855fc4da4a5575d88f (MD5) S0101-81751989000100009.pdf.txt: 25102 bytes, checksum: d8ee2ee576ad55139e9f592dbe16d643 (MD5) Previous issue date: 1989-04-01 Twetve external morphological traits and seven traits of food-gathering behavior were studied in africanized and caucasian (A. m. caucasica), bees. Discriminant analysis showed that neither the length of the fourth segment of the abdomen, nor bee weight can be considered as the traits with the highest discriminatory power between africanized and caucasian bees, with any in-bred bees. In the case of in-bred bees the discriminam traits had a lower interorbital width and time to reach the feeder. Multivariate comparisons between the data of in-bred colonies and twenty hibrid colonies, suggest dominance of the genes group of the africanized subspecies. UNESP Instituto de Biociências Departamento de Biologia UNESP Instituto de Biociências Departamento de Biologia

The indiscriminate use of pesticides has become a serious environmental concern. Of them, imidacloprid (IMI) is one of the most widely used worldwide. In 2010 in Brazil, 1.934tonnes of IMI were sold and mainly used for sugarcane crops. Several studies have examined the toxicity of IMI as well as its possible ecological effects. However, few studies have examined its toxicity at the genetic level. This is one of the biggest challenges for the scientific community, which is concerned about the impacts of these contaminants on the environment and human health. In this study, we evaluated the effects of IMI above the genetic material in Allium cepa and Tradescantia pallida following exposure to different concentrations of this insecticide. The results demonstrated that the concentrations tested induced chromosomal alterations and increased the frequency of micronuclei. Therefore, IMI in these concentrations was genotoxic to the tested organisms. These factors should be taken into account when applying this pesticide.