34 results on '"Okada,Shinpei"'
Search Results
2. Assessing the quality of study reports on spa therapy based on randomized controlled trials by the spa therapy checklist (SPAC)
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Kamioka, Hiroharu, Tsutani, Kiichiro, Maeda, Masaharu, Hayasaka, Shinya, Okuizum, Hiroyasu, Goto, Yasuaki, Okada, Shinpei, Kitayuguchi, Jun, and Abe, Takafumi
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- 2014
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3. Analysis of pelvic movement in the elderly during walking using a posture monitoring system equipped with a triaxial accelerometer and a gyroscope
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Ishigaki, Norio, Kimura, Teiji, Usui, Yuki, Aoki, Kaoru, Narita, Nobuyo, Shimizu, Masayuki, Hara, Kazuo, Ogihara, Nobuhide, Nakamura, Koichi, Kato, Hiroyuki, Ohira, Masayoshi, Yokokawa, Yoshiharu, Miyoshi, Kei, Murakami, Narumichi, Okada, Shinpei, Nakamura, Tomokazu, and Saito, Naoto
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- 2011
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4. Clinical factors as predictors of the risk of falls and subsequent bone fractures due to osteoporosis in postmenopausal women
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Komatsu, Taiki, Kim, Kang Jung, Kaminai, Tetsuo, Okuizumi, Hiroyasu, Kamioka, Hiroharu, Okada, Shinpei, Park, Hyuntae, Hasegawa, Ayumi, Mutoh, Yoshiteru, and Yamamoto, Iwao
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- 2006
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5. Stride Characteristics and Physiological Responses During Lateral and Forward Locomotion in Water: 2510: Board #118 June 3 8:00 AM - 9:30 AM
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Masumoto, Kenji, Takasugi, Shin-ichiro, Okada, Shinpei, Higuchi, Kazuhiro, Handa, Shu-ichi, Okuizumi, Hiroyasu, and Mutoh, Yoshiteru
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- 2011
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6. Effectiveness of intervention for low back pain in female caregivers in nursing homes: a pilot trial based on multicenter randomization
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Kamioka, Hiroharu, Okuizumi, Hiroyasu, Okada, Shinpei, Takahashi, Ryosuke, Handa, Shuichi, Kitayuguchi, Jun, and Mutoh, Yoshiteru
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- 2011
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7. Predictors Of Onset Of Knee Pain In Community-dwelling Elderly Women: A Prospective Study: 2599: Board #244 May 29 8:00 AM - 9:30 AM
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Kitayuguchi, Jun, Kamada, Masamitsu, Shiwaku, Kuninori, Uchio, Yuji, Matsui, Yuzuru, Kamioka, Hiroharu, Okada, Shinpei, and Mutoh, Yoshiteru
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- 2009
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8. Walking Behavior And Maximum Walking Speed In An Elderly Community Population: A Cross-sectional Analysis: 2527: Board #172 May 29 9:00 AM - 10:30 AM
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Kamada, Masamitsu, Kitayuguchi, Jun, Okada, Shinpei, Shiwaku, Kuninori, Inoue, Shigeru, and Mutoh, Yoshiteru
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- 2009
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9. Effectiveness of music therapy: a summary of systematic reviews based on randomized controlled trials of music interventions
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Hiroharu Kamioka, Hiroharu, Mutoh,Yoshiteru, Tsutani,Kiichiro, Yamada,Minoru, Park,Hyuntae, Okuizumi,Hiroyasu, Tsuruoka,Koki, Honda,Takuya, Okada,Shinpei, Park,Sang-Jun, Kitayuguchi,Jun, Abe,Takafumi, Handa,Shuichi, and Oshio,Takuya
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Patient Preference and Adherence - Abstract
Hiroharu Kamioka,1 Kiichiro Tsutani,2 Minoru Yamada,3 Hyuntae Park,4 Hiroyasu Okuizumi,5 Koki Tsuruoka,6 Takuya Honda,7 Shinpei Okada,8 Sang-Jun Park,8 Jun Kitayuguchi,9 Takafumi Abe,9 Shuichi Handa,5 Takuya Oshio,10 Yoshiteru Mutoh111Faculty of Regional Environment Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo, Japan; 2Department of Drug Policy and Management, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; 3Kyoto University Graduate School Research, Kyoto, Japan; 4Department of Functioning Activation, National Center for Geriatrics and Gerontology, Aichi, Japan; 5Mimaki Onsen (Spa) Clinic, Tomi, Nagano, Japan; 6Graduate School of Social Services, Japan College of Social Work, Tokyo, Japan; 7Japanese Society for the Promotion of Science, Tokyo, Japan; 8Physical Education and Medicine Research Foundation, Tomi, Nagano, Japan; 9Physical Education and Medicine Research Center Unnan, Shimane, Japan; 10Social Welfare Service Corporation CARE-PORT MIMAKI, Tomi, Nagano, Japan; 11The Research Institute of Nippon Sport Science University, Tokyo, JapanObjective: The objective of this review was to summarize evidence for the effectiveness of music therapy (MT) and to assess the quality of systematic reviews (SRs) based on randomized controlled trials (RCTs).Study design: An SR of SRs based on RCTs.Methods: Studies were eligible if they were RCTs. Studies included were those with at least one treatment group in which MT was applied. We searched the following databases from 1995 to October 1, 2012: MEDLINE via PubMed, CINAHL (Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature), Web of Science, Global Health Library, and Ichushi-Web. We also searched all Cochrane Database and Campbell Systematic Reviews up to October 1, 2012. Based on the International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision, we identified a disease targeted for each article.Results: Twenty-one studies met all inclusion criteria. This study included 16 Cochrane reviews. As a whole, the quality of the articles was very good. Eight studies were about "Mental and behavioural disorders (F00-99)"; there were two studies on "Diseases of the nervous system (G00-99)" and "Diseases of the respiratory system (J00-99)"; and there was one study each for "Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases (E00-90)", "Diseases of the circulatory system (I00-99)", and "Pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium (O60)". MT treatment improved the following: global and social functioning in schizophrenia and/or serious mental disorders, gait and related activities in Parkinson's disease, depressive symptoms, and sleep quality.Conclusion: This comprehensive summary of SRs demonstrated that MT treatment improved the following: global and social functioning in schizophrenia and/or serious mental disorders, gait and related activities in Parkinson's disease, depressive symptoms, and sleep quality. MT may have the potential for improving other diseases, but there is not enough evidence at present. Most importantly, no specific adverse effect or harmful phenomenon occurred in any of the studies, and MT was well tolerated by almost all patients.Keywords: ICD-10, schizophrenia, mental disorders, Parkinson's disease, depression, sleep
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- 2014
10. A systematic review of nonrandomized controlled trials on the curative effects of aquatic exercise
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Hiroharu Kamioka, Hiroharu, Tsutani,Kiichiro, Okuizumi,Hiroyasu, Mutoh,Yoshiteru, Ohta,Miho, Handa,Shuichi, Okada,Shinpei, Kitayuguchi,Jun, Kamada,Masamitsu, Shiozawa, Park,Sang-Jun, Honda,Takuya, and Moriyama,Shoko
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International Journal of General Medicine - Abstract
Hiroharu Kamioka1, Kiichiro Tsutani2, Yoshiteru Mutoh3, Hiroyasu Okuizum4, Miho Ohta5, Shuichi Handa4, Shinpei Okada6, Jun Kitayuguchi7, Masamitsu Kamada7, Nobuyoshi Shiozawa8, Sang-Jun Park4, Takuya Honda4, Shoko Moriyama41Faculty of Regional Environment Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Tokyo, Japan; 2Department of Drug Policy and Management, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 3Department of Physical and Health Education, Graduate School of Education, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan; 4Mimaki Onsen (Spa) Clinic, Tomi City, Japan; 5Laboratory of Aqua, Health, and Sports Medicine, 6Physical Education and Medicine Research Foundation, Nagano, Japan; 7Physical Education and Medicine Research Center Unnan, Unnan City, Japan; 8Department of Longevity and Social Medicine, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama, JapanBackground: The objectives of this review were to integrate the evidence of curative effects through aquatic exercise and assess the quality of studies based on a review of nonrandomized controlled trials (nRCTs).Methods: Study design was a systematic review of nonrandomized controlled trials. Trials were eligible if they were nonrandomized clinical trials. Studies included one treatment group in which aquatic exercise was applied. We searched the following databases from 2000 up to July 20, 2009: MEDLINE via PubMed, CINAHL, and Ichushi-Web.Results: Twenty-one trials met all inclusion criteria. Languages included were English (N = 9), Japanese (N = 11), and Korean (N = 1). Target diseases were knee and/or hip osteoarthritis, poliomyelitis, chronic kidney disease, discomforts of pregnancy, cardiovascular diseases, and rotator cuff tears. Many studies on nonspecific disease (healthy participants) were included. All studies reported significant effectiveness in at least one or more outcomes. However results of evaluations with the TREND and CLEAR-NPT checklists generally showed a remarkable lack of description in the studies. Furthermore, there was the problem of heterogeneity, and we were therefore not able to perform a meta-analysis.Conclusion: Because there was insufficient evidence on aquatic exercise due to poor methodological and reporting quality and heterogeneity of nRCTs, we were unable to offer any conclusions about the effects of this intervention. However, we were able to identify problems with current nRCTs of aquatic exercise, and propose a strategy of strengthening study quality, stressing the importance of study feasibility as a future research agenda objective.Keywords: aquatic exercise, systematic review, nonrandomized controlled trials 
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- 2011
11. Is being a regular player with fewer teammates associated with musculoskeletal pain in youth team sports? A cross-sectional study.
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Takafumi Abe, Masamitsu Kamada, Jun Kitayuguchi, Shinpei Okada, Yoshiteru Mutoh, Yuji Uchio, Abe, Takafumi, Kamada, Masamitsu, Kitayuguchi, Jun, Okada, Shinpei, Mutoh, Yoshiteru, and Uchio, Yuji
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SOCIAL context ,MUSCULOSKELETAL system diseases ,ADOLESCENT health ,SPORTS ,EPIDEMIOLOGY ,SPORTS injuries ,STUDENTS ,CROSS-sectional method ,DIAGNOSIS - Abstract
Background: Musculoskeletal pain (MSP) is a commonly reported symptom in youth sports players. Some sports-related risk factors have been reported, but previous studies on extrinsic risk factors did not focus on management of team members (e.g., regular or non-regular players, number of players) for reducing sports-related MSP. This study aimed to examine the association of playing status (regular or non-regular players) and team status (fewer or more teammates) with MSP in youth team sports.Methods: A total of 632 team sports players (age: 12-18 years) in public schools in Unnan, Japan completed a self-administered questionnaire to determine MSP (overall, upper limbs, lower back, and lower limbs) and playing status (regular or non-regular players). Team status was calculated as follows: teammate quantity index (TQI) = [number of teammates in their grade]/[required number of players for the sport]. Associations between the prevalence of pain and joint categories of playing and team status were examined by multivariable-adjusted Poisson regression.Results: A total of 272 (44.3%) participants had MSP at least several times a week in at least one part of the body. When divided by playing or team status, 140 (47.0%) regular and 130 (41.7%) non-regular players had MSP, whereas 142 (47.0%) players with fewer teammates (lower TQI) and 127 (41.8%) players with more teammates (higher TQI) had MSP. When analyzed jointly, regular players with fewer teammates had a higher prevalence of lower back pain compared with non-regular players with more teammates (21.3% vs 8.3%; prevalence ratio = 2.08 [95% confidence interval 1.07-4.02]). The prevalence of MSP was highest in regular players with fewer teammates for all other pain outcomes, but this was not significant.Conclusion: Regular players with fewer teammates have a higher risk of lower back pain. Future longitudinal investigations are required. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2017
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12. Effectiveness of Pilates exercise: A quality evaluation and summary of systematic reviews based on randomized controlled trials.
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Kamioka, Hiroharu, Tsutani, Kiichiro, Katsumata, Yoichi, Yoshizaki, Takahiro, Okuizumi, Hiroyasu, Okada, Shinpei, Park, Sang-Jun, Kitayuguchi, Jun, Abe, Takafumi, and Mutoh, Yoshiteru
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Objective: The objective of this review were to summarize evidence for the effectiveness of Pilates exercise (PE) and to assess the quality of systematic review (SRs) based on randomized controlled trials (RCTs).Study Design: A systematic review of SRs based on RCTs.Methods: Studies were eligible if they were RCTs. Studies included those with one treatment group in which PE was applied. We searched the following databases from 1995 up to August 20, 2014: MEDLINE via PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, Global Health Library, and Ichushi-Web. We also searched All Cochrane Database and Campbell Systematic Reviews up to August 20, 2014. Based on the International Classification of Diseases-10 (ICD-10), we identified a disease targeted for each article.Results: Nine studies met all inclusion criteria. As a whole, the quality of the articles was good. Seven studies were about "Musculoskeletal system and connective tissue (M5456)". There were two studies in "Factors influencing health status and contact with health services (Z723)". The traits of participants were for females and the comparatively young- and middle-aged. Five SRs for chronic low back pain (CLBP) concluded that there was pain-relief and functional improvement of the intervention in the short term, but two SRs were inconclusive about the effectiveness of PE. There were no adverse events described in any of the studies.Conclusion: Although no SR reported any adverse effect or harm by PE, there was pain-relief and functional improvement attributed to PE in the short term in participants with CLBP. There was also evidence of improved flexibility and dynamic balance, and of enhanced muscular endurance in healthy people in the short term. In addition, there may have been an effect on body composition in the short term. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2016
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13. Effectiveness of horticultural therapy: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials.
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Kamioka, Hiroharu, Tsutani, Kiichiro, Yamada, Minoru, Park, Hyuntae, Okuizumi, Hiroyasu, Honda, Takuya, Okada, Shinpei, Park, Sang-Jun, Kitayuguchi, Jun, Abe, Takafumi, Handa, Shuichi, and Mutoh, Yoshiteru
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AIM: To summarize the evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the effects of horticultural therapy (HT). METHODS: Studies were eligible if they were RCTs. Studies included one treatment group in which HT was applied. We searched the following databases from 1990 up to August 20, 2013: MEDLINE via PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, Ichushi-Web, GHL, WPRIM, and PsyclNFO. We also searched all Cochrane Database and Campbell Systematic Reviews up to September 20, 2013. RESULTS: Four studies met all inclusion criteria. The language of all eligible publications was English and Korean. Target diseases and/or symptoms were dementia, severe mental illness such as schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, and major depression, frail elderly in nursing home, and hemiplegic patients after stroke. These studies showed significant effectiveness in one or more outcomes for mental health and behavior. However, our review especially detected omissions of the following descriptions: method used to generate randomization, concealment, blinding, and intention-to-treat analysis. In addition, the results of this study suggested that the RCTs conducted have been of relatively low quality. CONCLUSION: Although there was insufficient evidence in the studies of HT due to poor methodological and reporting quality and heterogeneity, HT may be an effective treatment for mental and behavioral disorders such as dementia, schizophrenia, depression, and terminal-care for cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2014
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14. Effectiveness of animal-assisted therapy: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials.
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Kamioka, Hiroharu, Okada, Shinpei, Tsutani, Kiichiro, Park, Hyuntae, Okuizumi, Hiroyasu, Handa, Shuichi, Oshio, Takuya, Park, Sang-Jun, Kitayuguchi, Jun, Abe, Takafumi, Honda, Takuya, and Mutoh, Yoshiteru
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The objectives of this review were to summarize the evidence from randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the effects of animal-assisted therapy (AAT). Studies were eligible if they were RCTs. Studies included one treatment group in which AAT was applied. We searched the following databases from 1990 up to October 31, 2012: MEDLINE via PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, Ichushi Web, GHL, WPRIM, and PsycINFO. We also searched all Cochrane Database up to October 31, 2012. Eleven RCTs were identified, and seven studies were about 'Mental and behavioral disorders'. Types of animal intervention were dog, cat, dolphin, bird, cow, rabbit, ferret, and guinea pig. The RCTs conducted have been of relatively low quality. We could not perform meta-analysis because of heterogeneity. In a study environment limited to the people who like animals, AAT may be an effective treatment for mental and behavioral disorders such as depression, schizophrenia, and alcohol/drug addictions, and is based on a holistic approach through interaction with animals in nature. To most effectively assess the potential benefits for AAT, it will be important for further research to utilize and describe (1) RCT methodology when appropriate, (2) reasons for non-participation, (3) intervention dose, (4) adverse effects and withdrawals, and (5) cost. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2014
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15. A systematic review of randomized controlled trials on curative and health enhancement effects of forest therapy.
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Kamioka, Hiroharu, Tsutani, Kiichiro, Mutoh, Yoshiteru, Honda, Takuya, Shiozawa, Nobuyoshi, Okada, Shinpei, Sang-Jun Park, Jun Kitayuguchi, Kamada, Masamitsu, Okuizumi, Hiroyasu, and Handa, Shuichi
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RANDOMIZED controlled trials ,NATUROPATHY ,CURATIVE medicine ,PUBLIC health ,HEALING power of nature - Abstract
Objective: To summarize the evidence for curative and health enhancement effects through forest therapy and to assess the quality of studies based on a review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs). Study design: A systematic review based on RCTs. Methods: Studies were eligible if they were RCTs. Studies included one treatment group in which forest therapy was applied. The following databases - from 1990 to November 9, 2010 - were searched: MEDLINE via PubMed, CINAHL, Web of Science, and Ichushi-Web. All Cochrane databases and Campbell Systematic Reviews were also searched up to November 9, 2010. Results: Two trials met all inclusion criteria. No specific diseases were evaluated, and both studies reported significant effectiveness in one or more outcomes for health enhancement. However, the results of evaluations with the CONSORT (Consolidated Standards of Reporting Trials) 2010 and CLEAR NPT (A Checklist to Evaluate a Report of a Nonpharmacological Trial) checklists generally showed a remarkable lack of description in the studies. Furthermore, there was a problem of heterogeneity, thus a meta-analysis was unable to be performed. Conclusion: Because there was insufficient evidence on forest therapy due to poor methodological and reporting quality and heterogeneity of RCTs, it was not possible to offer any conclusions about the effects of this intervention. However, it was possible to identify problems with current RCTs of forest therapy, and to propose a strategy for strengthening study quality and stressing the importance of study feasibility and original check items based on characteristics of forest therapy as a future research agenda. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2012
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16. Perceived Neighborhood Environment and Walking for Specific Purposes Among Elderly Japanese.
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Inoue, Shigeru, Ohya, Yumiko, Odagiri, Yuko, Takamiya, Tomoko, Kamada, Masamitsu, Okada, Shinpei, Oka, Kohichiro, Kitabatake, Yoshinori, Nakaya, Tomoki, Sallis, James F, and Shimomitsu, Teruichi
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- 2011
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17. A systematic review of nonrandomized controlled trials on the curative effects of aquatic exercise.
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Kamioka, Hiroharu, Tsutani, Kiichiro, Mutoh, Yoshiteru, Okuizum, Hiroyasu, Ohta, Miho, Handa, Shuichi, Okada, Shinpei, Kitayuguchi, Jun, Kamada, Masamitsu, Shiozawa, Nobuyoshi, Sang-Jun Park, Honda, Takuya, and Moriyama, Shoko
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- 2011
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18. Characteristics of Accelerometry Respondents to a Mail-Based Surveillance Study.
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Inoue, Shigeru, Ohya, Yumiko, Odagiri, Yuko, Takamiya, Tomoko, Kamada, Masamitsu, Okada, Shinpei, Tudor-Locke, Catrine, and Shimomitsu, Teruichi
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- 2010
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19. Effectiveness of Aquatic Exercise and Balneotherapy: A Summary of Systematic Reviews Based on Randomized Controlled Trials of Water Immersion Therapies.
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Kamioka, Hiroharu, Tsutani, Kiichiro, Okuizumi, Hiroyasu, Mutoh, Yoshiteru, Ohta, Miho, Handa, Shuichi, Okada, Shinpei, Kitayuguchi, Jun, Kamada, Masamitsu, Shiozawa, Nobuyoshi, and Honda, Takuya
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- 2010
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20. Fall-Prevention Self-Efficacy in Relationship to High-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol and Physical Strength in Elderly Residents of a Japanese Rural District : Kosuge Cross-Sectional Study
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Hiroharu, kamioka, Mutoh Yoshiteru, Honda Takuya, Okada Shinpei, Okuizumi Hiroyasu, Handa Shuichi, Kitayuguchi Jun, Kamada Masamitsu, Hida Azumi, Mori Keiko, Kawano Yukari, and Nagasawa Nobue
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自己効力感 ,fall ,HDLコレステロール ,移動能力 ,elderly ,self-efficacy ,高齢者 ,HDL-cholesterol ,転倒 ,moving ability - Abstract
背景 : 本研究の目的は,転倒予防自己効力感とHDLコレステロール及び身体能力との関連性を調べることであった。方法 : 対象者は山梨県小菅村に在住する65歳以上の高齢者339名で,本調査には132名(38.9%)が参加した。移動能力として10m全力歩行,最大一歩幅,40cm踏台昇降を,バランス能力としてつぎ足歩行を測定した。血液性状の中で,主要なアウトカムとして,HDLコレステロールを用いた。転倒予防自己効力感は,10項目,4リッカートスケールからなる質問紙で評価した。研究デザインは,転倒恐怖の有無による2群間比較の横断研究である。結果 : 転倒予防自己効力感とHDLコレステロールの間に有意な関連はなかったが,転倒予防自己効力感が低い群では有意に移動能力が低かった。また,膝痛や腰痛を伴う男性では,転倒予防自己効力感が低かった。結論 : 自己効力感とHDLコレステロールとの関連は認められなかったが,本研究は地域在住で独立生活を営む高齢者に限定されているため,今後,良くデザインされた大規模な観察研究が必要だと考えられた。, Background : The aim of the current study was to clarify relationships between self-efficacy and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and physical strength.Methods : Target participants were 339 elderly residents aged 65 years or older from Kosuge Village, Yamanashi Prefecture in Japan. One hundred and thirty two persons participated in the study (38.9%). Outcome measurements included the 10-m walking time, the maximal step length and 40-cm step test as moving ability, the tandem gait as balance ability, and HDL-C. Fall-prevention self-efficacy (FPSE) was evaluated using a questionnaire that examined 10 items (actions) and 4 Likert scale. A total of 40 points could be awarded. This research design was a cross-sectional study that divided the elderly into two groups by the existence of a fear of falling.Results : Although there was no significant relationship between fall-prevention self-efficacy and HDL-C, we demonstrated that a group with poor self-efficacy had significantly deteriorated moving ability and that only one male participant with knee pain and/or lumbago exhibited poor self-efficacy.Conclusions : We could not find significant relationships between self-efficacy and HDL-C. But this study is limited to the independent elderly people in a local area, and further studies should be conducted to detect the relationships.
21. Sociodemographic Determinants of Pedometer-Determined Physical Activity Among Japanese Adults
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Inoue, Shigeru, Ohya, Yumiko, Odagiri, Yuko, Takamiya, Tomoko, Suijo, Kenichi, Kamada, Masamitsu, Okada, Shinpei, Tudor-Locke, Catrine, and Shimomitsu, Teruichi
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SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC factors , *PHYSICAL activity , *PEDOMETERS , *JAPANESE people , *CROSS-sectional method , *QUESTIONNAIRES , *HEALTH of adults , *CITIES & towns - Abstract
Background: Although previous studies have reported physical activity and its sociodemographic determinants using self-report measures, there have been few studies using pedometers. Purpose: To ascertain pedometer-determined physical activity and its sociodemographic determinants among community residents living in four Japanese cities. Methods: A cross-sectional mail survey was conducted from February 2007 to January 2008 with a sample of 4000 residents (aged 20–69 years and 50% male) who were randomly selected from the registry of residential addresses. Complete responses for both questionnaire and pedometer were obtained from 790 residents (48.3±13.7 years, 46.7% male). Associations of 11 sociodemographic variables with steps per day were examined using multiple logistic regression analyses. Data were analyzed in 2010. Results: Men averaged 8763±3497 steps/day and women averaged 8242±3277 steps/day. Further, 29.0% of men and 27.8% of women walked ≥10,000 steps/day. City of residence, good self-rated health, low educational attainment, and not owning a car were associated with taking ≥10,000 steps/day in men, whereas employed status and dog ownership were associated with walking ≥10,000 steps/day in women. Conclusions: The results contribute to understanding of step-defined physical activity and its sociodemographic determinants. A diversity of step counts by sociodemographic variables clarifies specific populations among Japanese who are in need of intervention to promote physical activity. [Copyright &y& Elsevier]
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- 2011
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22. Effect of kaempferol ingestion on physical activity and sleep quality: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized, crossover trial.
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Ikeda Y, Gotoh-Katoh A, Okada S, Handa S, Sato T, Mizokami T, and Saito B
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Background: Kaempferol (KMP), a flavonoid in edible plants, exhibits diverse pharmacological effects. Growing body of evidence associates extended lifespan with physical activity (PA) and sleep, but KMP's impact on these behaviors is unclear. This double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover trial assessed KMP's effects on PA and sleep., Methods: A total of 33 city workers (17 males and 16 females) participated in this study. They were randomly assigned to take either 10 mg of KMP or placebo for 2 weeks in the order allocated, with a 7-day washout period in between. All participants wore an accelerometer-based wearable device (Fitbit Charge 4), which monitored daily PA, heart rate (HR), and HR variability during sleep., Results: The duration of wearing the device was 23.73 ± 0.04 h/day. HR decreased in each PA level, and the mean daily step count and distance covered increased significantly during KMP intake compared to placebo. The outing rate, number of trips, number of recreational activities, and time spent in recreation on weekends increased. Sleep quality improved following KMP intake. The decrease in HR and increase in RMSSD may be important in mediating the effects of these KMPs., Conclusion: KMP leads to behavioral changes that subsequently improve sleep quality and potentially improve long-term quality of life., Clinical Trial Registration: https://center6.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr_e/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000048447, UMIN000042438., Competing Interests: YI, AG-K and TM were employed by Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd. The remaining authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest., (Copyright © 2024 Ikeda, Gotoh-Katoh, Okada, Handa, Sato, Mizokami and Saito.)
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- 2024
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23. Validity of temporo-spatial characteristics of gait as an index for fall risk screening in community-dwelling older people.
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Baba T, Watanabe M, Ogihara H, Handa S, Sasamoto K, Okada S, Okuizumi H, and Kimura T
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[Purpose] This study aimed to identify kinematic gait indicators for a fall risk screening test through quantitative comparisons of gait characteristics measured using mobile inertial sensors between faller and non-faller groups in a population of community-dwelling older people. [Participants and Methods] We enrolled 50 people aged ≥65 years who used long-term care prevention services, interviewed them to determine their fall history during the past year, and divided them into faller and non-faller groups. Gait parameters (velocity, cadence, stride length, foot height, heel strike angle, ankle joint angle, knee joint angle, and hip joint angle) were assessed using the mobile inertial sensors. [Results] Gait velocity and left and right heel strike angles were significantly lower and smaller, respectively, in the faller versus non-faller group. Receiver operating characteristic curve analysis revealed areas under the curve of 0.686, 0.722, and 0.691 for gait velocity, left heel strike angle, and right heel strike angle, respectively. [Conclusion] Gait velocity and heel strike angle during gait assessed using mobile inertial sensors may be important kinematic indicators in a fall risk screening test to estimate the likelihood of falls among community-dwelling older people., Competing Interests: The authors indicated no conflicts of interest., (2023©by the Society of Physical Therapy Science. Published by IPEC Inc.)
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- 2023
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24. Fundamental movement skills in preschoolers before and during the COVID-19 pandemic in Japan: a serial cross-sectional study.
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Abe T, Kitayuguchi J, Fukushima N, Kamada M, Okada S, Ueta K, Tanaka C, and Mutoh Y
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- Child, Preschool, Cross-Sectional Studies, Humans, Japan epidemiology, Sedentary Behavior, COVID-19 epidemiology, Pandemics
- Abstract
Background: Physical inactivity during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic may have hindered the development of fundamental movement skills in preschoolers. This serial cross-sectional study compared fundamental movement skills by age group before and during the COVID-19 pandemic (2019-2020), among Japanese preschoolers aged 3-5 years., Methods: Of the 22 preschools within Unnan City, Shimane Prefecture, Japan, 21 (95.5%) and 17 (77.3%) participated in the 2019 and 2020 surveys, respectively. We analyzed 608 and 517 preschoolers in both surveys. Fundamental movement skills were objectively assessed with a 25 m run, standing long jump, and softball throw, based on the Japanese physical activity guidelines for preschoolers. Mann-Whitney U tests were used to compare the fundamental movement skills data between periods., Results: For the 25 m run, participants aged 5 years were faster before than during the pandemic (p = 0.018), while participants aged 3 and 4 years showed no significant differences. Participants aged 3-5 years showed no significant differences before and during the pandemic for the standing long jump (p ≥ 0.072). For the softball throw, all grades scored higher before than during the pandemic (p < 0.001)., Conclusions: These findings suggest that the COVID-19 pandemic impeded the development of fundamental motor skills, especially for object control skills. This highlights the need for interventions aimed at developing fundamental motor skills in preschoolers during and after the pandemic.
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- 2022
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25. Association between a hilly neighborhood environment and falls among rural older adults: a cross-sectional study.
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Kitayuguchi J, Abe T, Okuyama K, Gomi T, Okada S, Shiwaku K, and Mutoh Y
- Abstract
Objective: Falls in older adults are a major public health issue, and it is unclear whether the neighborhood environment is associated with falls among this group. This cross-sectional study investigated whether hilly neighborhood environmental factors were associated with fall status (falls or fear of falling) in rural Japanese older adults. Materials and Methods: Data obtained from 965 participants aged 65 years and older living in Unnan City, Shimane Prefecture, Japan, in 2017 were analyzed. Fall status was assessed based on the 1-year fall incidence (yes/no) for the past year and fear of falling (yes/no) using a self-report questionnaire. For hilly neighborhood environmental factors, the mean elevation and land slope were assessed using a geographic information system. The logistic regression model examined the odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) of fall status in quartiles for elevation and land slope, respectively, and was adjusted for confounders. Results: Falls and fear of falling were observed in 16.8% and 43.2% of participants, respectively. Falls were associated with elevation (OR 1.99, 95% CI 1.17-3.37 for Q2 vs. Q1; OR 2.02, 95% CI 1.19-3.44 for Q3 vs. Q1) and land slope (OR 1.74, 95% CI 1.04-2.93 for Q3 vs. Q1; OR 1.74, 95% CI 1.04-2.93 for Q4 vs. Q1). Fear of falling was associated with elevation (OR 1.78, 95% CI 1.19-2.65 for Q3 vs. Q1) and land slope (OR 1.51, 95% CI 1.01-2.25 for Q4 vs. Q1). Conclusion: Our study found that elevation and land slope as hilly neighborhood environment factors were positively associated with falls or fear of falling among older adults living in rural Japan. Prospective observational studies that investigate the effects of region-specific environmental factors on falls among older adults should be conducted., Competing Interests: The authors declare that they have no conflicts of interest., (©2021 The Japanese Association of Rural Medicine.)
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- 2021
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26. Adherence to the Japanese Physical Activity Guideline During Early Childhood Among Rural Preschoolers: A Cross-sectional Study.
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Fukushima N, Abe T, Kitayuguchi J, Tanaka C, Amagasa S, Kikuchi H, Okada S, Tanaka S, and Inoue S
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- Child, Child, Preschool, Female, Health Promotion, Humans, Japan, Male, Surveys and Questionnaires, Exercise, Guideline Adherence statistics & numerical data, Guidelines as Topic, Rural Population statistics & numerical data
- Abstract
Background: Physical activity (PA) guidelines for early childhood have been established worldwide, and adherence to PA guidelines has been utilized to assess the effectiveness of policies regarding PA promotion. Although there is a Japanese PA guideline for preschoolers, little is known about adherence to this recommendation. This study examined and compared proportions of meeting the Japanese PA guideline among preschoolers., Methods: Participants comprised 821 children aged 3-6 years from all 21 preschools and childcare facilities (hereafter collectively "preschools") within Unnan City, Shimane Prefecture, Japan. Data on PA levels were collected through a parent-report questionnaire in accordance with the Japanese PA guideline. This guideline recommends that preschoolers perform PA for at least 60 minutes every day. Analyses included descriptive statistics, chi-squared, and Mann-Whitney's tests to compare adherence to the PA guideline., Results: Data of 441 participants from 20 preschools were analyzed. Of these, 292 (66.2%) preschoolers met the PA guideline. Boys (70.2%) showed a significantly higher proportion of meeting the PA guideline than girls (61.2%; P = 0.048). Proportions of meeting the PA guideline among preschool grades were not statistically different. Prevalence rates of meeting the PA guideline among 20 preschools considerably varied from 14.3% to 100% (P = 0.007)., Conclusions: Two-thirds of preschoolers met the Japanese PA guideline, while adherence to PA recommendations differed between genders. Moreover, there were distinct variations of adherence to PA guideline among preschools. Possible determinants that cause the differences in adherence to the PA guideline at the individual and preschool-levels should be further evaluated.
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- 2021
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27. Postural Stability and Muscle Activation Onset during Double- to Single-Leg Stance Transition in Flat-Footed Individuals.
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Koshino Y, Samukawa M, Chida S, Okada S, Tanaka H, Watanabe K, Chijimatsu M, Yamanaka M, and Tohyama H
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- Foot, Humans, Male, Weight-Bearing, Young Adult, Flatfoot physiopathology, Muscle, Skeletal physiology, Postural Balance, Posture
- Abstract
The effects of foot posture on postural stability and on muscular activation pattern for postural control remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate postural stability and muscular activation onset during the transition task from double- to single-leg stance in individuals with different foot postures. Twenty-seven healthy men (age: 21.5 ± 1.5 years) were divided into 3 groups using the Foot Posture Index: neutral foot (n = 10); flatfoot (n = 8); and high-arched foot (n = 9). Center of pressure (COP) data and muscle activation onset times of the tibialis anterior, peroneus longus, gastrocnemius medialis, and soleus during the transition task with eyes closed were compared among groups using one-way analysis of variance and a post-hoc Tukey honestly significant difference test (p < 0.05) when the data were normally distributed and the Kruskal-Wallis test and a post-hoc Mann-Whitney U-test with Bonferroni correction (p < 0.0167) when the data were not normally distributed. The COP displacements in the mediolateral and anteroposterior directions and the resultant COP displacement during the first 3 s after a stability time point, as determined by sequential estimation during the single-leg stance phase, differed significantly among the three groups (p < 0.05). Post-hoc tests showed that the displacements were significantly greater in the flatfoot group than in the neutral and high-arched foot groups (p < 0.05), and the effect sizes for these results were large. No muscular activation onset times showed significant intergroup differences. Postural stability was significantly decreased only in the flatfoot group, while muscle activation onsets did not differ significantly by foot posture during the transition task. Decreased postural stability may be one mechanism underlying the link between flatfoot and risk of lower limb injury, and foot posture represents a potential confounder for measuring postural stability during the transition task., (© Journal of Sports Science and Medicine.)
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- 2020
28. Prevalence and Correlates of Physical Activity Among Children and Adolescents: A Cross-Sectional Population-Based Study of a Rural City in Japan.
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Abe T, Kitayuguchi J, Okada S, Okuyama K, Gomi T, Kamada M, Ueta K, Nabika T, and Tanaka C
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- Adolescent, Child, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Guideline Adherence, Guidelines as Topic, Humans, Japan epidemiology, Male, Physical Exertion, Population Density, Prevalence, Screen Time, Sedentary Behavior, Surveys and Questionnaires, Exercise, Health Promotion statistics & numerical data, Residence Characteristics statistics & numerical data, Rural Population statistics & numerical data
- Abstract
Background: Although moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) has multiple health benefits, current participation in recommended MVPA level and its determinants among Japanese children and adolescents remain unclear. Therefore, this cross-sectional study investigated the prevalence of meeting recommended MVPA level and its correlates among Japanese children and adolescents., Methods: Using the Japanese version of the World Health Organization (WHO) Health Behaviour in School-aged Children survey questionnaire, we confirmed the prevalence of meeting recommended MVPA level in all primary schools (PS) and junior high schools (JHS) in Unnan City, Japan. We evaluated its association with school grade, gender, body weight status, screen time, consumption of breakfast, physical activity (PA) preference, and population density using Poisson regression., Results: We found that 20.1% of the 1,794 students (9-15 years old) met the WHO recommendation. Meeting recommended MVPA level was significantly associated with being in the sixth grade of PS (prevalence ratio [PR] 0.57; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.39-0.84) and first (PR 1.52; 95% CI, 1.16-1.99), second (PR 1.45; 95% CI, 1.10-1.90), and third grade of JHS (PR 0.40; 95% CI, 0.26-0.62) (vs fourth grade of PS); being a boy (PR 1.33; 95% CI, 1.12-1.59) (vs girl); liking PA (PR 3.72; 95% CI, 2.22-6.22) (vs dislike); and belonging to a medium-population-density (PR 0.73; 95% CI, 0.61-0.88) or low-population-density area (PR 0.67; 95% CI, 0.48-0.94) (vs high-population-density area)., Conclusions: About 20% of Japanese children and adolescents engaged in the recommended MVPA level. MVPA was associated with grade, gender, preference for PA, and population density.
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- 2020
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29. Relationship between healthy elderly individual social capital and health according to ward level in Tomi City, Nagano Prefecture: an ecological study.
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Park S, Imamura H, Soyano A, Okada S, Horiuchi F, and Hamano T
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Objectives: The aims of this study were 1) to elucidate the relationship between social capital and health by ward in Tomi City, Nagano Prefecture, in order to clarify the regional social resources available to support long-term care prevention utilizing self- and mutual support of regional residents and 2) to comprehensively investigate the activation of regional networks. Materials and Methods: We analyzed elderly (aged 65 years or older) individual survey data from 7,199 residents from all wards within Tomi City in 2014 (number of valid responses: 5,546; valid response rate: 77.0%). The social capital indicators used for the analysis included participation in community activities, regional managerial position experience, and general trust. The health indicators included self-rated mental health, activities of daily living, and depression. Standards for a "good" result for each indicator were established, and the percentages of each were tallied up by ward. Spearman's rank correlation coefficient and principal component analysis were used to investigate correlations between social capital and health. Results: The results for overall respondents indicated correlations between participation in sports and hobbies and activities of daily living ( p <0.01) and self-rated mental health ( p <0.05). Participation in nonprofit organizations/volunteer activities and participation in community center workshops exhibited correlations with activities of daily living (both p <0.05). In respondents aged 65-74 years, participation in community center workshops and general trust were found to be correlated with activities of daily living (both p <0.05). Meanwhile, in respondents aged 75 years or older, correlations were noted between participation in sports and hobbies and participation in nonprofit organizations/volunteer activities and activities of daily living ( p <0.05 and p <0.01, respectively). By creating a distribution map using principal component analysis, we were able to grasp the characteristics of the distribution of "community participation/connections with people" and "health" in each ward. Conclusions: Our results point the way forward for future long-term care prevention support in Tomi City by clarifying the correlation between social capital and health by ward.
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- 2019
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30. Is being a regular player with fewer teammates associated with musculoskeletal pain in youth team sports? A cross-sectional study.
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Abe T, Kamada M, Kitayuguchi J, Okada S, Mutoh Y, and Uchio Y
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- Adolescent, Child, Cross-Sectional Studies, Female, Humans, Male, Risk Factors, Sports trends, Athletic Injuries diagnosis, Athletic Injuries epidemiology, Musculoskeletal Pain diagnosis, Musculoskeletal Pain epidemiology, Students
- Abstract
Background: Musculoskeletal pain (MSP) is a commonly reported symptom in youth sports players. Some sports-related risk factors have been reported, but previous studies on extrinsic risk factors did not focus on management of team members (e.g., regular or non-regular players, number of players) for reducing sports-related MSP. This study aimed to examine the association of playing status (regular or non-regular players) and team status (fewer or more teammates) with MSP in youth team sports., Methods: A total of 632 team sports players (age: 12-18 years) in public schools in Unnan, Japan completed a self-administered questionnaire to determine MSP (overall, upper limbs, lower back, and lower limbs) and playing status (regular or non-regular players). Team status was calculated as follows: teammate quantity index (TQI) = [number of teammates in their grade]/[required number of players for the sport]. Associations between the prevalence of pain and joint categories of playing and team status were examined by multivariable-adjusted Poisson regression., Results: A total of 272 (44.3%) participants had MSP at least several times a week in at least one part of the body. When divided by playing or team status, 140 (47.0%) regular and 130 (41.7%) non-regular players had MSP, whereas 142 (47.0%) players with fewer teammates (lower TQI) and 127 (41.8%) players with more teammates (higher TQI) had MSP. When analyzed jointly, regular players with fewer teammates had a higher prevalence of lower back pain compared with non-regular players with more teammates (21.3% vs 8.3%; prevalence ratio = 2.08 [95% confidence interval 1.07-4.02]). The prevalence of MSP was highest in regular players with fewer teammates for all other pain outcomes, but this was not significant., Conclusion: Regular players with fewer teammates have a higher risk of lower back pain. Future longitudinal investigations are required.
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- 2017
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31. Effectiveness of music therapy: a summary of systematic reviews based on randomized controlled trials of music interventions.
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Kamioka H, Tsutani K, Yamada M, Park H, Okuizumi H, Tsuruoka K, Honda T, Okada S, Park SJ, Kitayuguchi J, Abe T, Handa S, Oshio T, and Mutoh Y
- Abstract
Objective: The objective of this review was to summarize evidence for the effectiveness of music therapy (MT) and to assess the quality of systematic reviews (SRs) based on randomized controlled trials (RCTs)., Study Design: An SR of SRs based on RCTs., Methods: Studies were eligible if they were RCTs. Studies included were those with at least one treatment group in which MT was applied. We searched the following databases from 1995 to October 1, 2012: MEDLINE via PubMed, CINAHL (Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature), Web of Science, Global Health Library, and Ichushi-Web. We also searched all Cochrane Database and Campbell Systematic Reviews up to October 1, 2012. Based on the International Classification of Diseases, 10th revision, we identified a disease targeted for each article., Results: Twenty-one studies met all inclusion criteria. This study included 16 Cochrane reviews. As a whole, the quality of the articles was very good. Eight studies were about "Mental and behavioural disorders (F00-99)"; there were two studies on "Diseases of the nervous system (G00-99)" and "Diseases of the respiratory system (J00-99)"; and there was one study each for "Endocrine, nutritional and metabolic diseases (E00-90)", "Diseases of the circulatory system (I00-99)", and "Pregnancy, childbirth and the puerperium (O60)". MT treatment improved the following: global and social functioning in schizophrenia and/or serious mental disorders, gait and related activities in Parkinson's disease, depressive symptoms, and sleep quality., Conclusion: THIS COMPREHENSIVE SUMMARY OF SRS DEMONSTRATED THAT MT TREATMENT IMPROVED THE FOLLOWING: global and social functioning in schizophrenia and/or serious mental disorders, gait and related activities in Parkinson's disease, depressive symptoms, and sleep quality. MT may have the potential for improving other diseases, but there is not enough evidence at present. Most importantly, no specific adverse effect or harmful phenomenon occurred in any of the studies, and MT was well tolerated by almost all patients.
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- 2014
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32. A checklist to assess the quality of reports on spa therapy and balneotherapy trials was developed using the Delphi consensus method: the SPAC checklist.
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Kamioka H, Kawamura Y, Tsutani K, Maeda M, Hayasaka S, Okuizum H, Okada S, Honda T, and Iijima Y
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- Biomedical Research standards, Clinical Trials as Topic methods, Consensus, Health Personnel, Humans, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic methods, Balneology standards, Checklist methods, Clinical Trials as Topic standards, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic standards
- Abstract
Objective: The purpose of this study was to develop a checklist of items that describes and measures the quality of reports of interventional trials assessing spa therapy., Methods: The Delphi consensus method was used to select the number of items in the checklist. A total of eight individuals participated, including an epidemiologist, a clinical research methodologist, clinical researchers, a medical journalist, and a health fitness programmer. Participants ranked on a 9-point Likert scale whether an item should be included in the checklist., Results: Three rounds of the Delphi method were conducted to achieve consensus. The final checklist contained 19 items, with items related to title, place of implementation (specificity of spa), care provider influence, and additional measures to minimize the potential bias from withdrawals, loss to follow-up, and low treatment adherence., Conclusion: This checklist is simple and quick to complete, and should help clinicians and researchers critically appraise the medical and healthcare literature, reviewers assess the quality of reports included in systematic reviews, and researchers plan interventional trials of spa therapy., (Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
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- 2013
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33. Effectiveness of comprehensive health education combining lifestyle education and hot spa bathing for male white-collar employees: a randomized controlled trial with 1-year follow-up.
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Kamioka H, Nakamura Y, Okada S, Kitayuguchi J, Kamada M, Honda T, Matsui Y, and Mutoh Y
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- Adult, Employment, Follow-Up Studies, Health Status, Humans, Japan epidemiology, Life Style, Male, Middle Aged, Obesity prevention & control, Socioeconomic Factors, Balneology methods, Health Education methods, Program Evaluation
- Abstract
Background: Physical activity is known to prevent obesity and metabolic syndrome in middle-aged and elderly people; however, the effectiveness of a comprehensive health education program for male white-collar employees is uncertain., Methods: Forty-three men volunteered to participate in this study and were randomly assigned into 2 groups. The intervention group participated in a 2-hour program comprising comprehensive health education and hot spa bathing, offered once every 2 weeks, in addition to individualized programs once a week, for 24 weeks. The control group received only general health guidance. We compared their lifestyle characteristics and physical and mental health criteria at baseline, immediately after the intervention, and 1 year after the end of the intervention., Results: Rates of adherence to individualized programs were 60.0 +/- 27.2% and 30.5 +/- 29.6% at the end of the intervention and at 1 year after the end of the intervention, respectively. Significant (P < 0.05) interaction of criteria was observed for cluster of differentiation 4+ (CD4+) cells and the ratio of cluster of differentiation 4+ to 8+ (CD4/8) cells, which were used to represent the participants' immunological function. We divided the intervention group into 2 subgroups on the basis of their attendance. Among the resulting 3 groups, significant interaction of criteria was observed for CD4+ and CD4/8 cells. In addition, the high attendance group had the highest CD4+ count and CD4/8 ratio., Conclusions: Participants who attended classes and/or performed the supplementary individualized programs tended to maintain their immunological function and to experience a decrease in body fat percentage. However, few effects were noted in participants with poor adherence, even in the intervention group.
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- 2009
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34. Comprehensive health education combining hot spa bathing and lifestyle education in middle-aged and elderly women: one-year follow-up on randomized controlled trial of three- and six-month interventions.
- Author
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Kamioka H, Nakamura Y, Yazaki T, Uebaba K, Mutoh Y, Okada S, and Takahashi M
- Subjects
- Adult, Aged, Exercise, Female, Follow-Up Studies, Humans, Japan, Middle Aged, Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic, Time Factors, Baths, Health Education methods, Life Style
- Abstract
Background: This study attempted to clarify the duration of effects of 3- and 6-month comprehensive health education programs based on hot spa bathing, lifestyle education and physical exercise for women at 1-year follow-up., Methods: We examined middle-aged and elderly women who were randomly divided into two groups and followed up them for one year. Spa programmers instructed subjects for one hour in lifestyle education and physical exercise and for one hour in a half bath (salt spring, temperature at 41.5 degrees C) once a week. The program for the 3-month group (n=19) was repeated in the 6-month group (n=14). The evaluation items were body mass index, PWC75%HRmax (by a bicycle ergometer as aerobic capacity), blood profiles (total cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, arteriosclerotic index, uric acid, and hemoglobin A1c), profile of mood states, self-rating depression scale, subjective happiness, pains in the knee and back, and active modification of lifestyle., Results: There were significant interactions between groups and response over time to aerobic capacity, hemoglobin A1c, back pain, vigor, fatigue and self-rating depression (respectively, p<0.05). Duration of effects was longer for the 6-month intervention than for the 3-month intervention., Conclusions: Beneficial effects of 6-month intervention on hemoglobin A1c, aerobic capacity, pains in the back, vigor, fatigue and depression remained significant at the 1-year follow-up. Duration of effects was longer in the 6-month intervention than in the 3-month intervention.
- Published
- 2006
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